Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Head
www.pricepump.com/pumpschool/psles.html
1/3
10/31/13
In newtonian fluids (non-viscous liquids like water or gasoline) we use the term head to measure the kinetic
energy which a pump creates. Head is a measurement of the height of a liquid column which the pump could
create resulting from the kinetic energy the pump gives to the liquid (imagine a pipe shooting a jet of water
straight up into the air, the height the water goes up would be the head). The main reason for using head instead
of pressure to measure a centrifugal pump's energy is that the pressure from a pump will change if the specific
gravity (weight) of the liquid changes, but the head will not change. So we can always describe a pump's
performance on any newtonian fluid, whether it's heavy (sulfuric acid) or light (gasoline) by using the term head.
Remember, head is related to the velocity which the liquid gains when going through the pump.
Return to Table of Contents
Return to Top of Lesson One
Newtonian liquids have specific gravities typically ranging from 0.5 (light, like light hydrocarbons) to 1.8 (heavy,
like concentrated sulfuric acid). Water is a benchmark, having a specific gravity of 1.0.
Return to Table of Contents
Return to Top of Lesson One
2/3
10/31/13
energy is a function of its velocity and the velocity accelerates as the liquid passes through the impeller. A wider
diameter impeller accelerates the liquid to a final exit velocity greater than the proportional increase in the
diameter.
RMPs (Revolutions Per Minute)
As the number of revolutions per minute of an impeller increases, the velocity (and head) imparted to the liquid
passing through it increases as well. As the impeller revolves more rapidly the rate of increase in the liquid
velocity is higher than the rate of rpm increase. In other words, an impeller spinning at 2000 RPMs generates
more than twice the head of the same impeller spinning at 1000 RPMs.
Return to Table of Contents
Return to Top of Lesson One
Proceed to Lesson Two
www.pricepump.com/pumpschool/psles.html
3/3