Experiment 4

Signal Reconstruction and Pulse Width Measurement

Objective of the experiment

Convert an analog signal to digital using ADC 0804 and reconstructing it by using a DAC
0808.
Pulse width measurement using a Monostable multivibrator and a counter.

Working of successive approximation register ADC :

SAR ADC uses the concept of binary search to zero in on the corresponding digitized quantization
level (hence approximation) corresponding to an analog input value. Since, a binary search involves
searching within a subdomain recursively until the nearest approximation is obtained, therefore, it is
called successive approximation (register) ADC.
SAR ADC consists of a register, DAC, comparator and sample/hold circuit. Initially, register stores
a digital value with 1 only at MSB. The DAC converts the value stored in the register to analog
voltage signal. If the value of DAC reference voltage is Vref then this value is Vref/2. The
comparator compares input voltage with the output of the DAC. The output of comparator is fed
back into the register. If the input voltage is greater than the output of the DAC then the MSB is left
as 1 otherwise it is reset to 0. Then, the next MSB is set to 1 and procedure is repeated successively
until the last bit. The resulting digital code is output by the register at the end of the cycle.
Homework 1 :
Use the ADC in free running mode
The digital outputs for various inputs are :0.5V 00011001
1.0V 00110011
2.0V 01100110
3.0V 10011001
3.5V 10110011
Homework 2 :
Testing of decade counter IC
To use 7490 as decade counter, connect the CKB input is connected to QA output and input clock
pulse is given at CKA. The QD output of the first counter IC is supplied as input clock pulse to the
next counter wired up in the same configuration.
Homework 3 :
Testing of 555 timer IC
Values of R1 and C1 for various pulse widths :
T= 20ms, R1 = 1.8kohm, C1 = 10uF
T = 60ms, R1 = 5.5kohm, C1 = 10uF
T =90ms, R1 = 8.2kohm, C1 = 10uF

Lab work :
Signal reconstruction
Ananlog output of DAC corresponding to various digital values :
0001 0000 0.62V
0101 0000 3.12V
1010 0000 6.25V
1100 0000 7.50V
1111 1111 10.0V

Pulse width measurement

On connecting pin 4 of IC555 to pin 2, the pulse starts on releasing the button because now the
trigger pulse is a positive pulse and since the pin 2 input gets triggered on falling edge hence the
outpulse starts when the button is released.
The pulse width was measured by taking the AND of the pulse with unknown duration (wider) with
a pulse with known duration (narrower) and the number of pulses were counted using the decade
counter and then multipiled by the time period of the known wave to obtain the pulse width of the
unknown wave.