Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
By RENE R. RAYA*
21
Baseline
(1990)
Current
Level
(2005/2006)
Participation Rate
85.1
84.44
68.4
69.9
Target by
2015
Average
Rate of
Progress
(1990-2005/06)
Probability of
Attaining the
Targets
100
-0.05
Low
84.67
0.11
Low
Education Scoreboard
Alarming DROP OUT Rate and still RISING!
95
18
90
85
15
80
12
%
75
70
65
60
55
50
3
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
School Year
2004-05
2005-06
1.8 Million dropouts (Primary Level) and 3.9 Million (Secondary Level)
Source: DepEd. Fact Sheet, Basic Education Statistics (as of August 31, 2006).
http://www.deped.gov.ph/cpanel/uploads/issuanceImg/factsheet2006(Mar28).pdf
1
Data for this section were drawn from the following sources: 1) Midterm Progress Report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), NEDA, October 2007;
2) Draft Report on the Mid-Decade Assessment of the Education for All (EFA), Department of Education, July 2007; 3) DepEd Factsheet, February 2007; and
4) Functional Literacy Education and Mass Media Survey 2003, National Statistics Office.
22
Dumlao, Doris. More RP children dropping out of school, says ADB. Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 16, 2006, Page A1.
SOCIAL WATCH PHILIPPINES
23
Incomplete
CAR
data
Low
Low
I
Medium
Medium
Medium
II
Low
Low
Low
III
Low
Medium
No data
IV-A
Low
Medium
Low
IV-B
No data
High
No data
V
Low
Medium
High
VI
Low
Low
No data
VII
Low
Low
No data
VIII
High
Low
Low
IX
Medium
Medium
No data
X
Low
Low
Low
XI
No data
High
No Baseline
XII
No Baseline
No Baseline
No baseline
CARAGA
Low
Low
No data
ARMM
High
Low
No data
NCR
High
High
No data
Mid Term MDG Report. NEDA, August 2007.
24
No data
High
No data
No data
High
No data
No data
No data
High
Low
No data
Low
No Baseline
No Baseline
No data
No data
No data
UNESCO. Strong Foundations: Early Childhood Care and Education (Global Monitoring Report 2007). Paris: UNESCO Publishing, 2007.
National Economic Development Authority (NEDA). Philippines Midterm Progress Report on the Millennium Development Goals. October, 2007.
Region
Elementary cohort
survival rate
Unescos Global
Monitoring Report
for 2007 generated
the EFA Development Index or EDI
for 125 countries.
The index is used
to gauge the overall
accomplishment of
countries in terms
of meeting the EFA
goals. It is a composite measure based
on enrollment ratio,
adult literacy rate,
EFA gender-specific index and survival rate up to
grade 5. Of those surveyed, 47 countries had high EDI
marks (.95-1.00); 49 countries including the Philippines had medium EDI (.80-.95); and 29 countries
had low EDI.
The Philippines ranked 75th, falling behind most
Asian countries such as China, Malaysia, Indonesia and
Vietnam. In terms of education quality, using survival
rate as proxy indicator, the Philippines ranked 101st
of 125 countries. At this level, it fared no better than
some of the poorest countries in Asia and Africa such
as Burkina Faso, Ethiopia and Myanmar.3
The deteriorating state of Philippine education
may also be seen in its poor rating in international competitive tests. The 2003 Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) participated in by 45
countries ranked the Philippines 41st in mathematics
and 42nd in science. The country trails the Asian countries that participated in the 2003 TIMMS, including
Malaysia and Indonesia.
TheThe
UNESCOs
UNESCOsEFA
EFAScorecard
Scorecard
Rank
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
Top Provinces
Province
Batanes
Bataan
Pangasinan
Siquijor
Ilocos Norte
Tarlac
Zambales
Ilocos Sur
Rizal
Abra
Nueva Ecija
Guimaras
Pampanga
Batangas
La Union
Bottom Provinces
Province
Zamboanga del Sur
Kalinga
Agusan del Sur
Negros Occidental
Basilan
Negros Oriental
Bukidnon
Sultan Kudarat
Western Samar
Sarangani
Davao del Sur
Lanao del Norte
Ifugao
Maguindanao
Sulu
EDI
0.922
0.903
0.897
0.878
0.874
0.871
0.871
0.869
0.866
0.862
0.862
0.861
0.859
0.854
0.854
EDI
0.776
0.776
0.774
0.773
0.772
0.767
0.761
0.761
0.755
0.751
0.718
0.714
0.712
0.698
0.654
Source: Action for Economic Reforms (AER). Basic Data culled from Unesco
Global Monitoring Report 2007, DepEd Basic Education Information System
and National Statistics Office Census 2000 and FLEMMS 2003
Batanes
Bataan
Pangasinan
Philippines
Philippines
Tarlac
Batangas
0.99
UK,Slovenia, Finland
Italy, Greece, Spain
0.95
Bulgaria, Portugal
0.90
Indonesia
Viet Nam
0.85
0.80
Masbate
Sultan Kudarat
Cambodia
Lao PDR
Bangladesh
Malawi
Eq. Guinea
Rwanda
Ghana
Nepal
0.75
Ifugao
Maguindanao
0.70
0.65
Sulu
Source: Action for Economic Reforms (AER). Basic Data culled from Unesco
Global Monitoring Report 2007, DepEd Basic Education Information System
and National Statistics Office.
performance of provinces with the lowest EDI is comparable to some of the poorest developing countries.
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
.7
.6
.5
.4
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
LOGGNP
3.5
4.0
4.5
Source: Action for Economic Reforms (AER). Basic Data culled from Unesco
Global Monitoring Report 2007.
SOCIAL WATCH PHILIPPINES
25
0.950
0.900
0.850
EDI 2005
0.800
0.750
0.700
0.650
0.600
10
20
30
40
50
LOGGNP
60
70
80
Source: Action for Economic Reforms (AER). Basic Data culled from Unesco
Global Monitoring Report 2007, DepEd Basic Education Information System and
National Statistics Office Census 2000 and FLEMMS 2003
26
the resource gap for basic education. For 2007, the government allocated P135.5 billion for basic education,
an amount that is less than half of what was allocated
for debt service. As in previous years, debt service gets
the biggest share of the national budget, taking up a
third of the entire budget. The huge allocation for debt
servicing effectively shifts much needed resources away
from priority basic services.
Certainly, the current level of expenditure is low
and falls short of the requirements for quality education.
It places the Philippines among the lowest spenders on
education in Southeast Asia and the rest of the world.
While most Asian countries are taking concrete steps to
increase real spending on education in comparison to
the size of their economies, the Philippines is moving
back and taking the other direction. Unless expenditure
Spending Level
Spending Level
International Comparison
The spending level of the Philippines is low compared
to actual requirements and compared with spendings
of other countries/regions.
Manasan, Rosario (2007) Financing the Millennium Development Goals: The Philippines, Final Report. http://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/dps/pidsdps0706.pdf
The computation is based on a high cost and MTPDP GDP assumption.
5
6
27
Key Issues
1) ACCESS The dramatic rise in school dropouts, the low survival and completion rates and the
alarming increase of out-of-school children highlights
the deteriorating state of education in the country today. This trend indicates a clear reversal in the increasing
access to basic education achieved over the past two
decades (1980s and 1990s).
2) QUALITY The poor quality of education
and its outcome are reflected in the low achievement
levels of students, the poor quality of teaching and the
perennial shortages in key inputs, specifically teachers,
infrastructure and instructional materials.
3) EQUITY The poor, malnourished and disadvantaged children are being bypassed and deprived of
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