AUSTRALIAN STEEL INSTITUTE TABNVACN (4) 000873 B98 contents, Desig ud . . Welding in structural steel connections Page Pog stot fg v7 weLowe RoceoURES x onah ©2067 by AUSTRALIAN STEEL INSTITUTE storie wT Pitot ot wating rte . pecans 2 oot te maior 412 Pregl wating oceans 32 taut canting aborandedtor 3. ualflestan tent 2 ‘etnonedgoner Si 7. Ruano of wen procosuen x“ Pubes by: AUSTRALIAN STEEL NSTIUTE concerror besionounes...1 » wort, * ‘ght rosored. hi book or any pat thee mst nt be reeds in any frm without Beckum +o BP Eage renmaion rd tho wionpomiovon ot estan Sel sist Assn = [Note to commercial software developers: Copyright of the information contained within this publication is 2 INTRODUCTION, 2 83 Preheat 36 ‘i by Ris iat wt pra mua be cea fom A eos fo 4 Tocwats ” Cee ee eae cop tamcenaty mans sire pasate 3 Tresor WELD 3 ES Deen ndreatalstess 38 FIRST EDITION 2007 (LIMIT STATES) 32 flew 58 Cemnnmansdeing wus 38 nonlin Atl Caloocan wets 9 WELD MPERFECTIONS, “0 Hogan. T J * 34 Edge preparations B 9.1 Weld categories 40 1 ule 2 Woking ice! sel comes 35 Prenatiteptoocerions gS iekamoren, i a 36 Sonia sybou Ho 82 Lavell spacer iB 88 wsanocs e Bayo ‘ uy : ISBN 975 0 909945902 ‘This publication originated as part of WELDABILITY OF STEEL. 7 95 Weld repairs ar Deietseenea nc 1 te Shit Atala Dene 5 WeLo PROCESSES. 1 toweuoivsrecrion “a 3 Sch Suet Speatstn Amt ee Sf inodicton je joweomsrect a 3 Soc Stuca- aan, scneaieal 2 Fuson long process 112 foster e 1 ee fe’ Staetaue 83 Termnolngy 2 — Woe Si rented oe 89 Tera 22103 Magna par oa % 1, Aalan Sttte, rely lied weld {04 Ugopatarnterommaion St ‘ie $32 Pataty mscdacets| —2205 Racbgapic xannaton 32 ‘usion (boundary) fine 2 10.6 Uttrasonic examination 4 [Sa Srvc ste comacion es) $2 Fulon ountan) 2 B35 Multiun welds 20 14 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS. 55 Aten ics 84 Manotel wenidng (ie cles snc se Vane: Sig comin open sions 11 Gerrea or wet 5 Tn Des os se seco - 55 Germetlarweidngand 12 Stewoting 5 owen ing wooo ae scene 13 Eeommicd design and detotog 58 Despre: eblecad ic oman ciwaaegpoomes 24 S2REFERENCES. ro Best age: Age cat cme 87 Wag pone Es BIS a: ee comets appenane 6 VIELOING CONSUMABLES 2X NSStoaign cue 2 81" Monust metal ac welting 38 comneat rm Disclamer Te maton peti by the Alan ie lee me pba Ns bot 82 Gesell wldng B cones tina ny a ora, ot he nts enters Si semescaeg Bert Sewn cay of nen osea mie Sn al easnais owe uen fee re 64 Prowatfedwngcontuablos 29 [Scrawl entation sone te ceston eee stl a bu ooo ies {ar ey et pittcn wih! vetgaon ard votes ot corny, saat me Beale ys compen peso pcs apa ie hunni, as Sencar leer oe cater cl na nos gay eaten Sr mae ay clare Scat be eran ponte the a grad by ew) ‘ea ane oononade nay war an) erence ey ny ear Syloa aos oe pts” han ana wn ten yay poe, eer Tsou ietetncche’ fe pokton oor wast maou aero Sonbe coe Sete end Set eat eigen he unos, ens pers The fomaton tnt pbs sd mtb Yoad pon ab 8 sbeuls raepedet due ents petal tse ata sgh aves ca compu pero boasa orf tose srt Sd wots ce ates, mater wo e pee eee la teen a — a eeFue 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Pague 5 Faure 6 Fue 7 Figure 8 Figue Figure 10 Fue 11 Figue 13 gure 14 Figure 15 Fiore 16 Figue 17 Table 2 Tables LisT OF FIGURES Met yds 9h en Weld use by joint type “ in steelwork connections. e Fillet weld size and details. 7 “Types of butt welds. s in steshwork connections: ° penetration butt welds | Construction of a welding symbol. 15 Basic welding symbols. 16 Z 2 areweling Page Figure 18 Schematic agar fx coved se wading 2 Figure 19 Welding positon fer pat but ‘wei, 2 Figure 20 Welding positions fo plo itis 25, Figure 21 mpertestons in But weld... 4 Figure 22 imperocions let welds 45 Figure 25 Solaiicaton cracks a Floure 2¢ Schematic clagram of magnetic garele examination 0 Figure 25 Schematic agra fig penetant examination 5 Figure 26 Principles ofradonrephe Figure 27 Examples of perfection detaction ‘sing rome examination «4 Figure 28 Angular hts fr jolt prepara forvarous welding techniques. 55 Figure 29 Clearance on an ange leat welded oa beam web 8s Figure 30 Examples of ba accessibiiy 58 LisT OF TABLES Pose Page Piru se egg mes, TaD Le hnosanue wel examination (NOE 2 hareciersics ot welding Table Types of imperfecton condoned procasees Py imSINZs 15541 43 Proquaiod welding fonsomatee 29 sin ote: wD. PREFACE This new serles of connection publications by the Austialian Insitute of Ste! (AS) covering Capacity table, theory and design of individual simple connections will be Known as the Structural Steel Connections Series, Part: 1" ed. 2007 ("Connection Series, Part) TNS Connecion Serie, Part 1 detals the method of design and provides eapaciy tables and ‘etaling parameters for a range of simple connections commonly Uses fr structural saeiwork InAvsttla Connections havea major engineering and economic mporlanca in ste! srucures Inuencing design, dealing, ftricaton and erection coat. Standarisation of dosign approach Integrated with industry Stating isthe Key fo minimum costs at each stage. Ths Connections Sones, Par in conkneton with the fulure Connection Sores, Part 2 for rigid connections (Collec te Stuctural Steal Connactons Sens or "Connection Sovies") replaces. and femances an ASI fagehip publication fst released in 1978 al which time connection design theories ware daveloped for the purpose of generating and releasing connection capacty lables. The fret thre ediions wore rleaced in permissible avess formal. The fourth oditon DBosign of Structoral Gonnectons (olen fetered to a the Green Book) wae released in 1094 in limit state format but there was no subsequent release of limit state companion document Containing conection design capac tates. Design Guide 2 Welaing in stuctual steel connections has been introduced into the AS! ‘Connections Manual asa complementary document to Dasign Guide 1 Bolling in structural tee! ‘Sonrections. The intention cf Deegn Guide 2 is {0 act as a basie prmer on ell aspects of ‘neldng 2 eppiled fo steelwork connections Extensive reference is made to sources which can Supply more dotaled Information many of these roerancea are more general and apply © fabricating In general using welding, Design Guide 2 addresses the matters covered in Australian Standares wih tho exception of ‘weld design which is deat wih nthe Handbnok 1-The Handbook aiacussos welding pracestes, Consumables and procedures in suffisent deal for the stuctral engiear to understand the basis of what occurs in a fabrcaton shop when connections are being fabricaed. Welling In the fabretion shop and Boing on ste remain the Key to economical seucluralseeivork, Design Guide 2 also discusses the issues of workmanship, imperfections in welds, when Imperfections become defecs, now welds can be inepected an repair of welds ‘An appendix Yo each publication in the series ao contains an ASI commont form. Users of this Connections Series are encourages to photocopy this one page form and forward any Suggested improvements which may be incorporated int ule eations 1 Hosen SA. Maio @ ings 0) Sn, tt eaton wo.ABOUT THE AUTHOR ‘Tim Hogan is Diteclor of SCP Consulting Ply Lid. Hie academic achievements Include & Bachelor af Enginoaing from the University of NSW with 1 Class Honours and the Unwareity Medal. Post graduate qualifications Include a Master of Engingering Seance and a Master of Business Aaminstraton, Tim & a Member ofthe insiition of Enginoere Austaa wilh CPENg fand PIE Aust status, His early experience was on bridge design and construction with the NSW Pubic Works Deparment and subsequently as Development Engineor ane then Engineering Manager with the Australian Ineitte of Steel Construction unt 4980. Consufing experience. with’ SCP Consulting since 1980 has induded design and supervision of large sical framed buldngs, indasial buildings, mil buildings, retail developments, defence Inastucture and composite Sleel-conerete bullngs. His published works. deal primaly with the areas of composite Gonstructon, steel connections, labrieaton and efeeion of steel stuctres and he was @ major ontrbuior and editor of the Commentary fo AS 4100. He ks a member of a nunber of Standards Austria Commies dealing with steel and composite siuctures.and is currently Chairman of Commitos BO-001 Steel Stuctutes and BD-032 Composite Consicton. Ho Fecsived an award rom Standards Australia for Ns conbutine to wing. ot Austin Standards, ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTING AUTHOR AND EDITOR Scott Munter is now the National Structural Decking Manager for BlueScope Lysaght He was formerly the Natonal Manager—Engineering & Construction forthe Austin Steel Instiuto IASI) ané worked in this role om 2000 to 2007. Ths key role involved selling the Lechical leadership of ASI in supper of dosign and constuction to enable the effisont specifeation and tse of sieel In constuction. Rospensmilies Included ASI technical publicatons, advice on Indust best pracice, AS and Cad commitees, presentations and lecturing Scotts Member of the Institution of Enginoers Australia wih CP Eng & NPER (Structural) Status. He folds a Bachelor of Siruciural Engineering from the Universi of Technology, Sydney with 1" Class Honours and the University Medal. He professional career includes 15 years In consuting chil and structural engineering working fr Tim Hogan at SCP Consulting His consulting experience Incl a song steel focus wih majr ifrasvucture, indus and ‘commercial developmenis plus domestic constuction. e en sce test aon ms | ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: ‘The authors woul ke to extond special thanks io: ‘The ASI Connections steering commitse consisting of Richard Cons (Engineering Systems), ‘Anthony Ng (GneStes Marset Mil) Arun Syam (Smorgon Sloet Tube Mil) fr thei recpoctive Contrbuons with tha development and review of the Technical and edtoral contont of the revised ASI Connection Publication. ‘Signiicant contributions were made by + Welding Technology Insitute of Austraia(WTIA) for tei expert review and comments. ‘+ Standards Austrafia for providing thei technical iypessting exparise + Whizzead Ply Lid with dating and graphics for pushing + ASI Slate Engineering & Construction Special Sub-Committees for progressive ‘ginsering and industry review of manuserits. Topethor with suppor of + All focots of the ASI membership incuding design engineers, stechvork detalers and fabricators i contnbutng ndusty best practi and standards tough ASI surveys and ‘roc conaitaton fo establish the theory and geometry in this new ASL Connection Pubicaton e@ es ie 2 oe