Republic of the Philippines

Philippine Normal University

The National Center for Teacher Education
Institute of Teaching and Learning
Taft Avenue, Manila

I.

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students must be able to:
a) Define taxonomy and its three interrelated subfields;
b) Differentiate the three domains of life;
c) List the six kingdom systems;
d) Determine the names of organisms using binomial system;
e) Value the importance of classification in everyday life and in the society as a
whole.

II.

Learning Content and Instructional Materials

a. Topic: Introduction to Taxonomy
b. Key Concepts

The three domains of life

The kingdom system

Taxonomy is a scientific field designed to produce a system of classification of the biological

resources that exist in the world which best reflect the totality of their similarities and differences.

Classification is the placing of organisms into groups or categories according to particular

system. There are two system of classification, namely: Artificial system and Natural system.

Nomenclature is the giving of correct name for organisms and is governed by the International

Congress of Nomenclature. It permits only a single valid name for an organism.

Identification is the determination of a taxon(concrete objects of classification), as being

identical with or similar to another already known organism.

Carl Linnaeus, also known as Carl von Linn or Carolus Linnaeus, is considered as the Father

of Taxonomy. He introduced the binomial system of classification, i. e., using two names for a given
organism, the genus name and the species name. These two names comprise the scientific name.
c. Science Process Skills
Classifying
Comparing
d. References

Evangelista, Eden V., Ph. D. & Evangelista, Luisito T., Ph. D. (2009). Worktext in
General Botany. 839 EDSA, South Triangle, Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.

Evangelista, Eden V., Ph. D., Evangelista, Lisa Angelica V., R. N. & Evangelista,
Luisito T., Ph. D. (2013). Worktext in General Zoology (Frog and Human Bodies
Compared). 839 EDSA, South Triangle, Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.

e. Instructional Materials
LCD projector
Laptop
PPT on Taxonomy
Supporting visuals
III. Procedure
Learning Activities
Preliminary Activities

Assessment Indicators

1. Prayer

1. A student will lead the prayer.

2. Greetings: Good morning class.

2. Students response: Good

Mapping

morning Sir/Maam.
3. Energizer

3. The class will perform the dance

The teacher will ask the class to perform

exercise YMCA by the Village

the dance exercise entitled YMCA by the

People.

Village People. This will be an individual

activity where the student who will perform
well will be rewarded.
Engage ( 5 mins.)
The teacher will ask the students to perform the

The

students

will

perform

the

game named The Evolution. The teacher will

motivation called The Evolution

present pictures of an amoeba, egg, T-Rex and a

Game. The first five who proceed

chicken. Then the students will play the rock,

up to chicken will get a prize.

paper, scissor game. First, they will act as an

amoeba then every time, a student wins the
game, the student will proceed as an egg then a
T-Rex then a chicken.
Explore (5 mins.)
The teacher will give a set of pictures of

The

students

will

classify

the

different organisms. The students will be

pictures into three domains. Fifteen

grouped into three (3) and each group will be

(15) minutes will be allotted for

given an envelope containing pictures which

consolidation and presentation of

they are going to classify according to their

their works.

domain. The board is divided into three (3)

sections
representing
the

three

domains

of

life.
THE THREE DOMAINS OF LIFE
Domain Archaea

Domain Bacteria

oma

Domain Eukarya

Explain (10 mins.)

The teacher will ask two (2) representatives

Two students will share their groups

from each group to share with the class on why

conclusion.

did they came up with that classification.

The teacher will give the students enough time

The students will rearrange the

to rearrange the pictures based on the clues

pictures correctly.

given to them.

Elaborate ( 20 mins)
The teacher will use the gameshow Who

The students will find their partners

Wants To Be A Millionaire? for further

and each of them will be given show

explanation. A question is posted and each

up cards that they will use on the

question corresponds for chips depending upon

preceding game.

its difficulty. (Easy = 1 chip; Average = 3 chips;

Difficult = 5 chips) The pair who gets the
correct answer will get chip/s.
Are you familiar with the game Who Wants To
Be A Millionaire?
I will distribute some show up cards that you

Yes Sir!

will use later on as we proceed with our game.

Here is the first question

And the correct answer is letter A.

Taxonomy is a scientific field designed to
produce a system of classification of the
biological resources that exist in the world
which best reflect the totality of their
similarities and differences.

The students will raise their show up

Are you ready for the next question?

cards.

Yes Sir!

And the correct answer is letter A.

Aristotle was the first to classify all living
things, and some of his groups are still used

today, like the vertebrates and invertebrates,

which he called animals with blood and without

The students will raise their show up

blood. Theophrastus wrote a classification of

cards.

all known plants, De HistoriaPlantarum, which

contained 480 species. Carl Linnaeus wrote the
global flora Species Plantarum, published in
1753 and the tenth edition of SystemaNaturae
in 1758introduced in these books a binary form
of species names called "trivial names" for both
plants and animals.
Next question is...

And the correct answer is D.

Three-domain

System

is

biological

classification introduced by Carl Woese in 1977

that divides cellular life forms into Archaea,
Bacteria and Eukaryote domains.
The students will raise their show up
Next question is

cards.

And the correct answer is letter C.

Domain Archaea is prokaryotic, has no
nuclear

membrane,

organisms

on

considered

Earth.

as

Examples

oldest
are

methanogens, halophiles, and thermophiles.

Domain Bacteria is also prokaryotic and also
has no nuclear membrane, has bacterial rRNA.
Examples are Cyanobacteria, Spirochaetes, and

The students will raise their show up

Firmicutes. Domain Eukarya is the only

cards.

domain that is eukaryotic and this includes

organisms that contain a membrane bound
nucleus.
Are you ready for the next question?

Yes Sir!

And the correct answer is letter A.

Kingdom Archaebacteria is characterized by
the oldest form of life and belongs to Domain
Archae. They are also unicellular and found in
extreme environments. They reproduce by

The students will raise their show up

binary fission.

cards.

Next question is

And the correct answer is letter D.

Kingdom Eubacteria is considered as second
oldest forms of life. Unicellular, some are
heterotrophs, some are autotrophs and they
reproduce asexually by binary fission.
Next question is
The students will raise their show up
cards.

The students will raise their show up

cards.
And the correct answer is letter A.
Protists

are

characterized

as

eukaryotic

organisms, some are heterotrophs, and some are

autotrophs and live in colonies. They are
producer of own food, some are consumer and
some are decomposers. They reproduce both
asexual and sexual means. They are classified
into fungus-like, plant-like and animal-like.
Next question is

The students will raise their show up

cards.
And the correct answer is letter A.
Fungi are eukaryotic and have cell walls,
some are unicellular and some are unicellular.
They are heterotrophs and feeds by absorbing

nutrients from dead or decaying matter. They

have five (5) classifications: Club Fungi
(Basidiomycota), Sac Fungi (Ascomycota),
Lichens (Mycophycota), Conjugation Fungi
(Zygomycota)

and

the

Imperfect

Fungi

(Dueteromycota).
Are you ready for our next question?

Yes Sir!

The students will raise their show up

cards.
And the correct answer is letter C.
Kingdom Plantae is considered as the second
largest kingdom, they are multicellular and they
produce their own food. They also have nucleus
and have cells walls. Plants are divided into
four

(4)

classifications:

Mosses,

Ferns,

Coniferns or Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.

Next question is

The students will raise their show up

cards.

And the correct answer is letter B.

Kingdom

Animalia

is

characterized

as

multicellular, cells do have nucleus but do not

have cell walls. They are consumers and
heterotrophs. It is also considered as the largest
kingdom. It is classified into two (2): the
Invertebrates and the Vertebrates.
Here is a summary of the taxonomic kingdoms
of life.

Next question is

The students will raise their show up

cards.

And the correct answer is letter A.

Organisms are named according to scientific
names called as Binomial Nomenclature. This
is a system wherein organisms are named using
genus and species. Genus must be written first
and capitalized and the species must be written
second and never capitalized. Both words are
italicized if typed and underlined when
written.
Dichotomous Key is used for easy and quick
identification of an organism. It is also used to
classify

organisms

by

looking

at

characteristics and narrowing its identity.

its
The students will raise their show up
cards.

For our last question

And the correct answer is letter C.

We have discussed the domains of life and the
taxonomical classification in terms of kingdom.
As you go on through discussion you will use
this scheme in determining the name of an
organism.

Evaluation (5 mins.)
The teacher will conduct an activity named

The students will give the domain,

Picture, Picture in where students are

kingdom, and common name of the

expected to identify the domain, kingdom, and

posted picture.

the common name of the posted picture with its

scientific name. This is an individual activity.

Sample Picture:

Domain : Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Common Name: Human
Domain:
Kingdom:
Common Name:
Scientific Name: Homo sapiens

Prepared by:
Kristine Joy B. Alimpoyo
Ruben B. Capisnon Jr.
Elora Marie Arthel P. Gavino
Remegio II B. Rance
III-23 BSE General Science