Excel Material

Ms-Excel
Q:-1 What is cell? Explain Active cell and Deactivate cell in Excel
Cell:- It is Intersection of rows and columns.
Active Cell:- In a spreadsheet program such as Excel, the active cell is
identified by a black border or outline surrounding the cell. The active cell is
also known as the current cell or the cell that is in focus.
When an action takes place in the spreadsheet - such as data entry,
formatting, or deleting data - it is the active cell that is affected
Deactivate cell:- Those cell which are not selected by user that is called
Deactivate cell.
Q:-2How many Rows and columns are in Excel?
Rows:- 65536 Cols:- 256 in Excel 2003
Rows:- 1048576 Cols :- 16384 in Excel 2007
Q:-3 What is Work Book and Worksheet in Excel?
A workbook is the MS Excel file in which you enter and store related data.
A worksheet (also known as a spreadsheet) is a collection of cells on a single
sheet where you actually keep and manipulate the data.
Each workbook can contain many worksheets.
Q:-4 what is Ms-Excel? Explain Advantages of Ms-Excel
Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet application. Which has been
developed by a company of U.S.A. known as Microsoft Corporation with the
help of this software the data is analyzed and the data is also represented
graphically. The sheet of Excel is known as a spreadsheet or worksheet.
Uses of Microsoft Excel:
The uses of Microsoft(MS) Excel are as follows:
(1) Using MS Excel we can prepare payroll of the employees. In this payroll the
information of an employee is kept and his salary can be computed from it.
(2) Result sheets can also be prepared. From the result sheet the total and
percentage of scores can be calculated.
(3) By using MS Excel the account-books can also be prepared such as
Journal, Ledger. Trial Balance, Balance sheet etc.
Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)
SDJ International College
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(4) By using MS Excel the production information for a specific period are
stored and the Production Schedule can also be prepared and from which the
proper planning programmed can be arranged.
Q:-5 Explain Conditional Formatting in Excel.
Conditional formatting allows you to select one or more cells, and create
rules for when and how those cells are formatted.
You can control the cell font, fill colour and border setting, based on the
selected cell's contents, or based on the contents of another cell.
If the rules (conditions) that you specified are met, then the formatting is
applied.
It comes in Format menu.
Example :- In our mark sheet give red color those who are secure marks below
35.For that we are perform following steps
Step1:- select the criteria for to give conditional formatting. For that go format
menu and choose conditional formatting. In Following example
Vimal having 23 marks in IC and Vardan

having 34 marks in computer which are less then 35.Now with the help of
conditional formatting we can give red color.
For that select all the mark cells. And go format menu and click conditional
formatting.
With the help of format button we can decide specific format for our
condition.

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In Second combo box, it having all the condition like less than, greater then,
less then or equal to, greater then or equal to, between, equal to etc.. we can
specify condition as per our requirement.
If we want to specify more condition then click on add button.
For Delete condition click on Delete button.
Q:-6 Explain Date Function In Excel
1. Date():- This function is used to get the date in the current cell
Syntax:- date(year,month,day)
Example
Output:-11/12/2001
2. Day():-Returns the day of a date, represented by a serial number. The day is
given as an integer ranging from 1 to 31.
Syntax:-DAY(serial_number)
Example:-
3. Days360():-Returns the number of days between two dates based on a 360day year (twelve 30-day months), which is used in some accounting
calculations. Use this function to help compute payments if your accounting
system is based on twelve 30-day months.
Syntax:-DAYS360(start_date, end_date)
Example:-

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4. Now():-Returns the serial number of the current date and time. If the cell format
was General before the function was entered, the result is formatted as a date.
Syntax:-NOW( )
Example:- =Now()
output:- 8/24/2011 23:58
5.Today():-Returns the serial number of the current date. The serial number is the
date-time code used by Microsoft Excel for date and time calculations. If the cell
format was General before the function was entered, the result is formatted as a date.
Syntax:-TODAY( )
Example:- =Today() output:- 8/25/2011
6. Hour ():-Returns the hour of a time value. The hour is given as an integer, ranging from 0
(12:00 A.M.) to 23 (11:00 P.M.).

Syntax
HOUR(serial_number)
Serial_number is the time that contains the hour you want to find.
7. Minute ():-Returns the minutes of a time value. The minute is given as an integer, ranging
from 0 to 59.
Syntax
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MINUTE(serial_number)
Serial_number is the time that contains the minute you want to find.
8. Second ():-Returns the seconds of a time value. The second is given as an integer in the
range 0 (zero) to 59.
Syntax
SECOND(serial_number)
Serial_number is the time that contains the seconds you want to find.
Q:-7 Explain Math and Trig Function in Excel

1.Round() :- Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
Syntax:-ROUND(number,num_digits)
Number is the number you want to round.
Num_digits specifies the number of digits to which you want to round
number.

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2. Floor():-Rounds number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of

significance.
Syntax:- FLOOR(number,significance)
Number is the numeric value you want to round.
Significance is the multiple to which you want to round
3.Ceiling():-Returns number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest

multiple of significance.
Syntax :-CEILING(number,significance)
Number is the value you want to round.
Significance is the multiple to which you want to round.

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4. Fact():-Returns the factorial of a number. The factorial of a number is equal

to 1*2*3*...* number.
Syntax:-FACT(number)
Number is the nonnegative number you want the factorial of.
5. Sum():-Adds all the numbers in a range of cells.

Syntax:- SUM(number1,number2, ...)
Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 arguments for which you want the total
value or sum.
6.Sumif():-Adds the cells specified by a given criteria.

Syntax:-SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range)
Range is the range of cells you want evaluated.
Criteria is the criteria in the form of a number, expression, or text that
defines which cells will be added.

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Sum_range are the actual cells to sum.
7ABS():-Returns the absolute value of a number. The absolute value of a

number is the number without its sign.
Syntax:-ABS(number)
Number is the real number of which you want the absolute value.
8. INT():-Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.

Syntax:-INT(number)
Number is the real number you want to round down to an integer.
9.MOD():-Returns the remainder after number is divided by divisor. The result

has the same sign as divisor.
Syntax:-MOD(number,divisor)

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Number is the number for which you want to find the remainder.
Divisor is the number by which you want to divide number.
10.POWER():-Returns the result of a number raised to a power.

Syntax:-POWER(number,power)
Number is the base number. It can be any real number.
Power is the exponent to which the base number is raised.
11. SQRT():-Returns a positive square root.

Syntax:-SQRT(number)
Number is the number for which you want the square root.
12 Exp()
Returns e raised to the power of number
Syntax
EXP(number)
Number is the exponent applied to the base e.
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12) Rand()
It is use to generate random number
13)PI()
Returns the number 3.14159265358979, the mathematical constant pi, accurate to 15 digits.
14) SIGN()
Determines the sign of a number.
Returns 1 if the number is positive
zero (0) if the number is 0
-1 if the number is negative.
Syntax
SIGN(number)
Number is any real number.
15)Subtotal()

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Returns a subtotal in a list or database. It is generally easier to create a list with subtotals by
using the Subtotal command in the Outline group on the Data tab. Once the subtotal list is
created, you can modify it by editing the SUBTOTAL function.
Syntax
SUBTOTAL(function_num, ref1, ref2, ...)
16)Trunc()
Truncates a number to an integer by removing the fractional part of the number.
Syntax
TRUNC(number,num_digits)
Number is the number you want to truncate.
Num_digits is a number specifying the precision of the truncation. The default value for
num_digits is 0 (zero).
Q:-8 Explain Logical Function in Excel

1. AND():-Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE; returns FALSE if one or
more argument is FALSE.
Syntax:-AND(logical1,logical2, ...)
Logical1, logical2, ... are 1 to 30 conditions you want to test that can be either
TRUE or FALSE.

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Example
2. OR():-Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE; returns FALSE if all

arguments are FALSE.
Syntax:-OR(logical1,logical2,...)
Logical1,logical2,... are 1 to 30 conditions you want to test that can be
either TRUE or FALSE.
Example:-
3. NOT():-Reverses the value of its argument. Use NOT when you want to make
sure a value is not equal to one particular value.
Syntax:-NOT(logical)
Logical is a value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE.
Example:-
4. IF():-This conditional expression is used to check values in a cell. If the

condition is true then we can specify user defined message or value and if it is
false then we can specify a value or cell reference for that.
Syntax:- IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)
Example:-

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Q:-9 Explain Statistical Function in Excel

1)Min():-Returns the smallest number in a set of values.
Syntax:- MIN(number1,number2,...)
Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 numbers for which you want to find the
minimum value.
Example:-
2) Max():-Returns the largest value in a set of values.

Syntax:-MAX(number1,number2,...)
Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 numbers for which you want to find the
maximum value.
Example:-

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3)Average():-Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.

Syntax:-AVERAGE(number1,number2,...)
Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 numeric arguments for which you want
the average.
Example
4.Count():-Counts the number of cells that contain numbers and also numbers
within the list of arguments. Use COUNT to get the number of entries in a
number field that's in a range or array of numbers.
Syntax:- COUNT(value1,value2,...)
Value1, value2, ... are 1 to 30 arguments that can contain or refer to a variety
of different types of data, but only numbers are counted.

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5.CountIf():-Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given
criteria.
Syntax:- COUNTIF(range,criteria)
Range is the range of cells from which you want to count cells.
Criteria is the criteria in the form of a number, expression, or text that
defines which cells will be counted.
Example:-
6.Counta():-Counts the number of cells that are not empty and the values
within the list of arguments. Use COUNTA to count the number of cells that
contain data in a range or array.
Syntax:- COUNTA(value1,value2,...)

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7. Median():-Returns the median of the given numbers. The median is the

number in the middle of a set of numbers; that is, half the numbers have
values that are greater than the median, and half have values that are less.
MEDIAN(number1,number2,...)
Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 30 numbers for which you want the median.
8. Mode():-Returns the most frequently occurring, or repetitive, value in an

array or range of data. Like MEDIAN, MODE is a location measure.
Syntax:-MODE(number1,number2,...)
9.Variance Var():- The average of squared differences from the mean

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X bar is equal to summation of x (Observation) divided by total no of

observation.
10 Large() :It returns kth largest value in a range.

LARGE (array,k)
Array is the array or range of data for which you want to determine the k-th largest value.
K is the position (from the largest) in the array or cell range of data to return.
11 small():It returns kth smallest value in a range.

small (array,k)
Array is the array or range of data for which you want to determine the k-th smallest value.
K is the position (from the smallest) in the array or cell range of data to return.

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Q:-10 Explain Text Function in excel

1)Concatenate():-Joins several text strings into one text string.
Syntax:-CONCATENATE (text1,text2,...)
Text1, text2, ... are 1 to 30 text items to be joined into a single text item.
The text items can be text strings, numbers, or single-cell references
2)Exact( ):- Compares two text strings and returns TRUE if they are exactly the
same, FALSE otherwise. EXACT is case-sensitive but ignores formatting
differences. Use EXACT to test text being entered into a document.
Syntax:-EXACT(text1,text2)
Text1 is the first text string.

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Text2
is the second text string.
3)Left( ):- LEFT returns the first character or characters in a text string, based
on the number of characters you specify.
Syntax:- LEFT(text,num_chars)
Text is the text string that contains the characters you want to extract
Example:-
4) Right():-RIGHT returns the last character or characters in a text string,

based on the number of characters you specify.
Syntax:-RIGHT(text,num_chars)
Example:-
5) Len():-LEN returns the number of characters in a text string.

Syntax:- LEN(text)
Example:-

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6)Lower():-Converts all uppercase letters in a text string to lowercase.

Syntax:- LOWER(text)
Example:-
7) Upper():-Converts text to uppercase.

Syntax:- UPPER(text)
Text is the text you want converted to uppercase. Text can be a reference or
text string.
Example:-
8)Trim():-Removes all spaces from text except for single spaces between words.
Use TRIM on text that you have received from another application that may
have irregular spacing.
Syntax:- TRIM(text)
Text is the text from which you want spaces removed.
Example:-
9) CHAR()
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Returns the character specified by a number. Use CHAR to translate code page numbers you
might get from files on other types of computers into characters.
Syntax
CHAR(number)
Number is a number between 1 and 255 specifying which character you want. The character is
from the character set used by your computer.
Example:-
10) Code():Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string. The returned code corresponds to
the character set used by your computer.
Syntax
CODE(text)
Text is the text for which you want the code of the first character.
11) Clean()
Removes all nonprintable characters from text. Use CLEAN on text imported from other
applications that contains characters that may not print with your operating system.
Syntax
CLEAN(text)
Text is any worksheet information from which you want to remove nonprintable characters.

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12) FIND ()
It always counts each character, whether single-byte or double-byte, as 1, no matter what the
default language setting is.
FIND(find_text,within_text,start_num)
Find_text is the text you want to find.
Within_text is the text containing the text you want to find.
Start_num specifies the character at which to start the search.
13 MID()
MID returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you
specify, based on the number of characters you specify.
Syntax
MID(text,start_num,num_chars)
Text is the text string containing the characters you want to extract.
Start_num is the position of the first character you want to extract in text. The first character in
text has start_num 1, and so on.
Num_chars specifies the number of characters you want MID to return from text.
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14 Search()
The SEARCH functions locate one text string within a second text string, and return the number
of the starting position of the first text string from the first character of the second text string.
SEARCH(find_text, within_text, [start_num])
find_text Required. The text that you want to find. within_text Required.
The text in which you want to search for the value of the find_text argument.
start_num Optional.
The character number in the within_text argument at which you want to start searching.
15 Rept ()
Repeats text a given number of times. Use REPT to fill a cell with a number of instances of a text
string.
Syntax
REPT(text,number_times)
Text is the text you want to repeat.
Number_times is a positive number specifying the number of times to repeat text.

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Q:-11 Explain Lookup and Reference function

1. HLOOKUP()
The Microsoft Excel HLOOKUP function searches for value in the top row of table_array and returns the
value in the same column based on the index_number.
Syntax
HLOOKUP( value, table_array, index_number, True/false)
PARAMETERS OR ARGUMENTS
value is the value to search for in the first row of the table_array.
table_array is two or more rows of data that is sorted in ascending order.

index_number is the row number in table_array from which the matching value
must be returned.
2. VLOOKUP():- Vlookup stands for vertical lookup.

Syntax
VLOOKUP( value, table_array, index_number ,True/false)
PARAMETERS OR ARGUMENTS
value is the value to search for in the first row of the table_array.
table_array is two or more rows of data that is sorted in ascending order.

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index_number is the row number in table_array from which the matching value
must be returned.
3. COLUMN():-Returns the column number of the given cell reference. For

example, the formula =COLUMN(D10) returns 4, because column D is the
fourth column
4. COLUMNS() :Returns the number of columns in an array or reference. Syntax COLUMNS ( array )
Array is an array or array formula
Example:- columns(A1:C10)
5. ROW():-Return the number of row where the formula is being executed
Example;-=row(a2) return 2.
6. ROWS():- It is gives number of rows in given array.
Example:- roes(a1:f8) return 8
7. TRANSPOSE ():-The TRANSPOSE function returns a vertical range of cells as a

horizontal range, or vice versa.

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Q:-12 Explain Information Function in Excel

1. Info():-INFO(type_text)
Type_text is text that specifies what type of information you want returned.
2. ISBLANK ():- Check whether a cell value is blank or not. It will give Boolean value
TRUE or FALSE.
3. ISNONTEXT ():- If a cell value is NONTEXT. It will give Boolean value TRUE or
FALSE.
4. ISNUMBER ():-It is used to check whether the cell value is numeric or not. It will give
Boolean value TRUE or FALSE.

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5. ISTEXT():-It is used to check whether the cell value is Text or not. It will give Boolean
value TRUE or FALSE.
Q:-13 Explain D-Function
Excel has a number of database functions that you can use to find
specific information based on set criteria. The tutorials listed here include
an example to how to use each database function in Excel.
1 DSUM()The DSUM function can be used to add up or sum the values in a column of data
that meet the set criteria.
= DSUM ( database, field, criteria )
2. DMAX():-The DMAX function can be used to find out maximum of data that meet the set
criteria.
= DMAX ( database, field, criteria )
3. DMIN():-The DMIN function can be used to find out minimum of data that meet the set
criteria.
= DMIN ( database, field, criteria )
4 .DAVERAGE():-The DAVERAGE function can be used to find the average value for data that
matches the set criteria.
= DAVERAGE ( database, field, criteria )
5.DCOUNT():-The DCOUNT function can be used to total the values in a column of data that
meet the set criteria.
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= DCOUNT ( database, field, criteria )

6. DGET ():-Retrieves the unique conditional value in a specified column of a database
table. It is used to retrieve a single row.
Q:-13 write a note on Data Sorting. Explain Sorting in MS Excel up to How

many Levels can you sort the data in MS Excel?
whenever we want data in particular format and arrange in one order then
this can be Done through sorting Excel provides a powerful command to sort
the database i,.e. arrange the Information stored in it in a desired order. For
example, you can sort the employees name' in an alphabetical order.
Up to three levels sorting is possible in MS Excel. In excel sorting is possible on
two ways
1) Using sort button
To quickly a database in ascending or descending order, excel provides two
buttons on the stadndard toolbar These are (Sort ascending) and (Sort
decending).
Move the cell pointer anywhere in column a in the database range.
Click
(Sort ascending) on standard toolbars.Excel automatically
determines the database range and sorts it in the ascending order.
For Descending we have to click (Sort decending).

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2) Using Sort Command

To use the data, sort command you have to position the cell pointer any where
in the databaseHowever, if you move the cell pointer in the column on which
you want to sort, excel Automatically picks up that column as the sort order.
Open data menu and choose sort command. Excel automatically selects the
database rang And opens the sort dialogbox as shown in figure:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Select all the cells in the list.

Choose DataSort.
From the sort by drop down, select the first column you want to sort.
Select to sort in Ascending or descending order.
From the Then by dropdown, select the second column you want to sort.
Select to sort in Ascending or Descending order.
From then by Dropdown, select the third column you want to sort
Click Ok.
Sort databases on Multiple Fields.

1. Select all the cells in the list.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Choose DataSort.
From the sort by drop down, select the first column you want to sort.
Select to sort in Ascending or descending order.
From the Then by dropdown, select the second column you want to sort.
From then by Dropdown, select the third column you want to sort
Click Ok.
Q:-14 Explain Charts With Example.

Chart is very useful features of Ms Excel it convert data into pictorial from so
anyone can easily compare data. we can say it is graphical representation of
our data.
Different types of charts are: Column, Bar, Line, Pie, Scatter, Area,
Doughnut, Rader, Surface, Bubble, Stock, Pyramid
Example:- In Following we have data regarding F.Y.BCA Mark sheet
For Make the Charts We have to choose insert Chart

1.Choose data for creating the chart.

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2. Choose the chart type for creating chart. In that we select columnar chart
and click Next button.
Legend: - By default it comes right position. We can change to use of option.

Gridlines:- Which Useful for separation of our data. There are two types of
gridline.
Data table:- which use to display your table data with Chart.
After Click Next
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That dialog box which is useful for to display our chart in which location.If
you want to display chart in other sheet then click on As object in and choose
other sheet.
After your chart will be display in Sheet 2.
Q:-15 Explain Goal Seek.
A method to find a specific value for a cell by adjusting the value of one
other cell when goal seeking, Excel varies the value in a cell that you specify
until a formula that dependent on that cell returns the result your want.
When you know the desired result of a single formula but not the input value
the formula needs to determine the result, you can use the goal seek .
Its available in Tools menuGoal Seek.
Example:There are two employee ram and shyam. Total pay of them is 1575.
With the help of Goal Seek We can adjust the salary in following example.
In that total is 1641 but we have adjust 1575.

In Below figure we are decrease the salary of Shyam and make it
adjustment figure i.e 1575.

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Q:-16 Explain Scenario.

A scenario is a specific set of values that Excel can save for you and
automatically substitute into your Worksheet. This means that you could have
a spreadsheet displaying numerical data that is relevant to a certain date,
month, topic or whatever and using the Scenario Manager you can enter
different values into the worksheet to forecast the outcome of the data. These
values (or Scenarios) can be retained for future use and are stored in a hidden
part of the workbook which can be retrieved by asking the Scenario Manager to
show the Scenario that uses those specific values.
Example:We are create the scenario of Students marks define as follow.
In that figure Vimal is the name of student and we

entering the marks of different subjects. But college having their own scenario
for admission.
For creating scenario Go Tools MenuClick Scenario.
In following figure Scenario name is marks-2011.And changing cell address
$B$2:$B$4.
In fig (b) are creating our scenario means we are changing the marks.
$B$2 = 90,$B$3=95,$B$4=90 And press Ok..Please refer Figure(C)
Select Mark-2011 and Click on Show from that dialoged box.
For Final output please refer figure (D)
For Add, edit, delete summary of scenario you can also do with the help of
figure (c)
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Fig (a)
Fig (C)
Fig (b)
Fig (d)
Q:-17 What do you mean by auto filter? How to apply it?

One of the most useful functions in Excel is the AutoFilter. The AutoFilter
allows a user to filter items in a list according to a set criteria. You can filter
text, numbers or dates with AutoFilter. When you apply AutoFilters to a
worksheet, filter switches (black drop down arrows) will appear to the right of
your column headings. To activate AutoFilter, click in your heading row and go
to Data>Filter>AutoFilter. Once the drop arrows appear, click on one of the
arrows to the right of a column heading and you will see a list of options.
Example:-

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Note:- The Blanks and Non Blanks options are available only if the column you
want to filter contain a blank cell.
Q:-18 Write advance filter. How is it different from auto filter?
The advance filter command enables you to specify relatively complex
criteria. It also enables you to copy the records that meet the specified criteria
to another location in the worksheet.
For Advance filtering we are perform following steps:
1. Enter criteria in any vacant party of the worksheet.
2. Select data, filter, advanced filter command. Excel displays the advanced
filter dialog box
3. Select list range and criteria range.
4. Select the range containing condition as the criteria range.
5. Suppose we want output at another location then define new cell address in
copy to another location option.
6. Click the OK button to apply filtering.

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Example :-
Note:-You can also Specify Multiple Conditions for different columns and
display only the rows that meet all the conditions by using the AutoFilter
Command on the Data Menu.
Difference between auto and advance filter
Auto filter s used for simple filtering.
In Advanced filter its possible that through criteria range you can set any
complex filtering
In auto filter its not provide result to ' copy to another location'
In advanced filter its provide one more option 'copy to another Iocation so we
can view database as well as formatting result at a time
Q:-19 Explain various addressing Mode Excel.
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There are three types of addressing modes in Microsoft Excel

1). Relative addressing.
2). Absolute addressing.
3). Mixed addressing.
1.Relative Cell References
This is the most widely used type of cell reference in formulas. Relative cell
references are basic cell references that adjust and change when copied or
when using AutoFil1. When you copy a formula one row down, Excel adjust
the Row number used in formula by one row is called relative addressing
Example:
=SUM (B5:B8), as shown below, changes to =SUM(C5:C8) when copied
across to the next cell.
2. Absolute addressing.
Situations arise in which the cell reference must remain the same when copied or
when using AutoFill. Excel uses relative addressing by default. However
sometimes, Such as in this case, it may be necessary to keep one or more
components of the formula fixed Dollar signs are used to hold a column and/or
row reference constant.
Example
when calculating commissions for sales staff, you would not want cell B10 to
change when copying the formula down. You want both the column and the row
to remain the same to refer to that exact cell. By using $B$10 in the formula,
neither changes when copied.
3). Mixed addressing. Mixed cell addressing is slight variation of the absolute cell
addressing. In this, one part of the cell reference is absolute and other is relative.
Q:-20 Write About Grouping & Ungrouping Column In Worksheet.
Through groping Excel spreadsheet will organize the sheet and make it easier
to view Data can be collapsed so that only the summary is available.
Open the file you wish to work on, It should be an Excel file (*.xls) .
Select that range of data you wish to group. It must be a series of rows or
columns, just a group of cells,
To select, click on a row or multiple rows
Click on ok button. Ungrouping Objects: Select the Group you want to Ungroup
On the Drawing Tool Bar Click Draw and then Click
Ungroup.
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Q:-21 Explain Subtotal.

Subtotal: - Microsoft Excel can automatically calculate subtotal and grand
total values in a list. When you insert automatic subtotals, Excel outlines
the list so that you can display and hide the detail rows for each subtotal.
Steps for subtotal.
Select the data menu, subtotals command from the menu and excel
displays the subtotal dialog box.
Click in the at each change in' box or the drop down arrow for in this box
and select particular field, for subtotal or grand total
Then after click on ok button & excel calculate grand total & subtotal for
that In' use function' category select sum function. field.
Then after click on ok button & excel calculation grand total & subtotal
for that field.
Remove subtotals
when you remove subtotals, Microsoft Excel also removes the outline and
any page breaks that you inserted into the list along with the subtotals.
1. Click a cell in the list that contains subtotals.
2. On the Data menu, click Subtotals.
3. Click Remove All.

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Q:-22 Explain Form.

Form is one features of excel which comes in data menu. It is useful to
enter data which comes directly in Excel Sheet.
Find a record by using a data form

To move through records one at a time, use the scroll bar arrows in the
dialog box. To move through 10 records at a time, click the scroll bar
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between the arrows.

To move to the next record in the list, click Find Next. To move to the
previous record in the list, click Find Prev.
To set search conditions, or comparison criteria, click Criteria, then enter
the criteria into the data form. To find records that match the criteria, click
Find Next or Find Prev. To return to the data form without searching for
records based on the criteria you specified, click Form.
Q:-23 Explain Data Consolidations.

In Excel we have a menu known as Data Menu. In this data menu there
column A and sheet 2 column A, follow the
are so many options as we studied in the chapter 6 (Excel). There is one
following steps :
command option "consolidate" in this data menu. For data consolidation,
Step - 1:Keep the cursor in column A in sheet this command becomes useful. With the help of this "consolidate"
3 and in Data Menu click on consolidate so that
command we can summarize the data stored on different workbook or
dialog box of "Consolidate" is seen.
work sheet. For understanding the method of applying "Consolidate"
consider a simple illustration as follows:
illustration (1) :-Suppose, in sheet - 1, there are 5 values in column A, say
illustration (2) :-Suppose, in sheet - 2, there are 5 values in column A, say

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In sheet - 3 in column C, for doing sum of sheet 1

Q:-24 Explain Table.
A Data
Table will Step - 2 : In this dialog box, select the function Sum (since here we
have to apply sum function and hence we selected "sum" function. If
show you we have to apply "Minimum" we have to select "MIN" function. If on the
other hand if we have to apply "Average" we have to select "Average"
how by
function etc.)
changing
certain
Step - 3 : After that, in reference clicking collapse button select data

values in range of column A of sheet 1 click on Add. And similar to this only. do
for column A in sheet - 2.
your
formulas Step - 4 : Added data range will be seen in "All references". If it is not
you can proper then clicking on Delete button it can be removed.
affect the
result of
your formula. Data Tables can store the results of many different scenarios for
you in one table, so that you can analyze them to select which scenario is your
best option. The results are then written into a table form in your Workbook in
a location specified by you. Data Tables are written as array formulas, which
therefore allows them to perform multiple calculations in a single location.

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Q:-25 Explain Macro in Excel.

If you perform a task repeatedly in Microsoft Excel, you can automate the task
with a macro. A macro is a series of commands and functions that are stored
in a Microsoft Visual Basic module and can be run whenever you need to
perform the task.
Recording macros When you record a macro, Excel stores information about
each step you take as you perform a series of commands. You then run the
macro to repeat, or "play back," the commands. If you make a mistake when
you record the macro, corrections you make are also recorded. Visual Basic
stores each macro in a new module attached to a workbook.
Making a macro easy to run You can run a macro by choosing it from a list
in the Macro dialog box. To make a macro run whenever you click a particular
button or press a particular key combination, you can assign the macro to a
toolbar button, a keyboard shortcut, or a graphic object on a worksheet.
Q:-26 Explain Pivot table in Excel.

Pivot Table :-The Pivot Tables tool is one of the most powerful yet intimidating
features in Excel. Pivot tables allow you to quickly summarize and analyze large
amounts of data in lists and tables--independent of the original data layout in
your spreadsheet--by dragging and dropping columns to different rows,
columns, or summary positions.
Example: For Following example we making following pivot table
First Enter the data in the worksheet.
In Step1 we open pivot table from data menu
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In Step2 select the range of pivot table

In Step 3 We design our data in pivot layout and click ok
In Step 4 we get the output. We can change our output with the help of
combo box which we are specifying in step 4.
Q:-27 Explain Freezing.

You can select a particular portion of a worksheet to stay static while you
work on other parts of the sheet. This is accomplishment through the Freeze
Rows and Columns Function. To Freeze a rows or Column:
Click on Window menu ad choose Freeze panes.
Either select a section to be frozen or click defaults of top row or left column
To Unfreeze, Click the Unfreeze panes button.

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Q:-28 what do you mean by Solver? Explain With an example.

Definition
A more powerful version of Goal Seek is provided by Solver. Whereas Goal Seek
has a single target cell and changing cell, Solver can work out solutions to
problems involving several changing cells. Solver works with a group of cells
that are related, either directly or indirectly, to the formula in the target cell.
Solver adjusts the values in the changing cells you specify called the
adjustable cells to produce the result you specify from the target cell
formula.
Solver is an add-in and you need to activate it once before using it.
To activate it, go to Tools -> Add ins
Check Solver Add-in box. and press OK

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Now, a new menu item (Solver) will appear under Tools menu.

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Example of a Solver evaluation

Prepare a worksheet as shown below:
Target Cell This is the cell that represents the goal or objective of the
problem. In our example, we will be attempting to have a schedule that has

no shortfall in staffing. The cell that reports any shortfall will be our Target
Cell.
Variable Cells are the cells that can be modified to arrive at
the desired outcome. In our example, that will be work hours from Monday
through Friday for all employees.
Constraints This are restrictions or limitations to what Solver can do
to solve the problem. For example, if Employee X cannot work Tuesdays,
Solver is restricted from assigning an employee work on Tuesdays.
In above example, advertising budgets are quarterly defined for a fiscal year. We
will be concentrating on Product B. Initially, product B is having advertising
budget of 10000/- for each quarter.

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Projected
Projected
Projected
Projected
profit
profit
profit
profit
of
of
of
of
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
equals
equals
equals
equals
to
to
to
to
two times of advertising expense,

five times of advertising expense,
the advertising expense, &
nine times of advertising expense.
The constraint is advertising budget itself. It should not exceed 40000/-. Also,
one more constraint is at least 2000/- must be spent for advertising in each
quarter.
Now, we want solver to maximize the profit by making proper advertising
expense in each quarter.
Following are the steps to get the answer using solver:
1. Position the cursor on F20 (i.e. Total profit) and go to Tools -> solver.
2. Supply following parameters in solver window:
a. Target cell: $F$20 , equal to max
i. i.e. we need maximum profit
b. By changing cells: $B$17:$E$17
i. i.e. we need to modify the quarterly advertising budget such
that the profit is maximized.
c. Constraints: $F$17 <= 40000
i. i.e. total yearly advertising budget must not exceed Rs
40000/d. Constraints: $B$17 >= 2000, $C$17 >= 2000, $D$17 >= 2000,
$E$17 >= 2000
i. i.e. each quarter must have minimum of 2000/- advertising
expense.

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3. Press solve button.

4. This would change all quarterly advertising budgets such that the profit
is maximized.
5. Also, it will provide two options.

a. You can overwrite the previous values of the worksheet
b. or you can keep the original values as it is.

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Q:-29 What do you mean by correlation in Excel? Explain example of it.

In statistics, dependence is any statistical relationship between two random
variables or two sets of data. Correlation refers to any of a broad class of
statistical relationships involving dependence.
In statistics
In Excel
Returns the correlation coefficient of the array1 and array2 cell ranges. Use the correlation
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coefficient to determine the relationship between two properties. For example, you can examine
the relationship between a location's average temperature and the use of air conditioners.
Syntax
CORREL(array1,array2)
Array1 is a cell range of values.
Array2 is a second cell range of values.

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Vimal having 23 marks in IC and Vardan

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

output:- 8/24/2011 23:58

(12:00 A.M.) to 23 (11:00 P.M.).

range 0 (zero) to 59.

Q:-7 Explain Math and Trig Function in Excel

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

2. Floor():-Rounds number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of

3.Ceiling():-Returns number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

4. Fact():-Returns the factorial of a number. The factorial of a number is equal

5. Sum():-Adds all the numbers in a range of cells.

6.Sumif():-Adds the cells specified by a given criteria.

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Sum_range are the actual cells to sum.

7ABS():-Returns the absolute value of a number. The absolute value of a

8. INT():-Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.

9.MOD():-Returns the remainder after number is divided by divisor. The result

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

10.POWER():-Returns the result of a number raised to a power.

11. SQRT():-Returns a positive square root.

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Q:-8 Explain Logical Function in Excel

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

2. OR():-Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE; returns FALSE if all

4. IF():-This conditional expression is used to check values in a cell. If the

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Q:-9 Explain Statistical Function in Excel

2) Max():-Returns the largest value in a set of values.

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

3)Average():-Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

7. Median():-Returns the median of the given numbers. The median is the

8. Mode():-Returns the most frequently occurring, or repetitive, value in an

9.Variance Var():- The average of squared differences from the mean

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

X bar is equal to summation of x (Observation) divided by total no of

10 Large() :It returns kth largest value in a range.

11 small():It returns kth smallest value in a range.

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Q:-10 Explain Text Function in excel

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

is the second text string.

4) Right():-RIGHT returns the last character or characters in a text string,

5) Len():-LEN returns the number of characters in a text string.

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

6)Lower():-Converts all uppercase letters in a text string to lowercase.

7) Upper():-Converts text to uppercase.

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Q:-11 Explain Lookup and Reference function

table_array is two or more rows of data that is sorted in ascending order.

2. VLOOKUP():- Vlookup stands for vertical lookup.

table_array is two or more rows of data that is sorted in ascending order.

3. COLUMN():-Returns the column number of the given cell reference. For

7. TRANSPOSE ():-The TRANSPOSE function returns a vertical range of cells as a

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

Q:-12 Explain Information Function in Excel

Prepared by: - Vimal Vaiwala (Assistant Professor)

= DCOUNT ( database, field, criteria )

Q:-13 write a note on Data Sorting. Explain Sorting in MS Excel up to How