GUIDELINE

Guideline for Planning and Executing

Waterproofing with Polymer Modified
Bituminous Thick Coatings (PMBC)
Building Elements with Ground Contact
(PMBC Guideline)

3rd Edition, May 2010

Imprint

3rd Edition, May 2010

Copyright 2010
Deutsche Bauchemie e. V.
Mainzer Landstrasse 55
60329 Frankfurt am Main
Germany
Phone + 49 69 2556-1318
Fax
+ 49 69 2556-1319
www.deutsche-bauchemie.de
167-RL-E-2012
Deutsche Bauchemie e. V.
reserves all rights, especially
the right of reproduction,
distribution and translation.
Editors
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mauerziegel im Bundesverband
der Deutschen Ziegelindustrie e. V.
Ausbildungsbeirat KMB-Lehrgang e. V.
Bundesverband Kalksandsteinindustrie e. V.
Bundesverband Porenbetonindustrie e. V.
Deutsche Bauchemie e. V.
Deutscher Holz- und Bautenschutzverband e. V.
Zentralverband des Deutschen Baugewerbes e. V.
Zentralverband des Deutschen Dachdeckerhandwerks e. V.
Design
NEEDCOM GmbH, Bad Soden am Taunus
www.needcom.de

ISBN 978-3-935969-2 (pdf)

This guideline does not release anyone from obligations to observe statutory provisions. Although
prepared with meticulous care, Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. will not assume any liability for the
correctness of the information, notes, suggestions or any misprints. No claims may be brought
against Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. or the authors that arise from any consequences. This does not
apply if damage was caused by wilful or gross negligence on the part of Deutsche Bauchemie e.V.
or its vicarious agents.

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CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY REMARKS

PART A: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

RANGE OF USE AND PURPOSE

REQUIREMENTS ON PLANNING

10

DEFINITION OF WATER LOAD

10

3.1 Ground Damp/Non-Standing Seepage Water

10

3.2 Moisture on Floors and in Wet Areas

3.2.1 Moisture, Moderate Load
3.2.2 Moisture, Heavy Load
3.3 Standing Seepage Water and Water Pressure
3.3.1 Standing Seepage Water
3.3.2 Water Pressure

11
11
12
12
12
13

MATERIALS

13

4.1 Primers

13

4.2 Mineral Waterproofing Grouts (MWG)

4.3 Polymer Modified Bituminous Thick Coatings (PMBC)
4.4 Protective Layers

13
14
14

REQUIREMENTS ON POLYMER MODIFIED

BITUMINOUS THICK COATINGS (PMBC)

15

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL

16

REQUIREMENTS ON THE SUBSTRATE

16

PRELIMINARY WORK

17

8.1 General Preliminary Work

17

8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5

17
18
18
18

Preliminary Work for Masonry

Preliminary Work for Concrete
Preliminary Work for Rendered Surfaces
Preliminary Work for Existing Waterproofing

REQUIREMENTS ON THE INSTALLER

18

PART B: EXECUTION OF WATERPROOFING WITH PMBC ACCORDING TO DIN 18195 19

1

SUBSTRATE PRE-TREATMENT

19

APPLICATION OF THE COATING

19

PLACEMENT OF THE WATERPROOFING

20

3.1 Ground Damp and Non-Standing Seepage Water

20

3.2 Standing Seepage Water

22

SERVICE PENETRATIONS

24

4.1 Ground Damp and Non-Standing Seepage Water

24

4.2 Standing Seepage Water

24

JOINTS

25

5.1 In General

25

5.2 Types of Joints

5.3 Movement Joints
5.4 Joints between Separating Walls of Two Dwellings
on a Continuous Floor Slab

25
26

CONNECTIONS

27

TRANSITIONS FROM PMBC TO FLOOR SLABS MADE OF WATER

IMPERMEABLE CONCRETE

28

PROTECTIVE MEASURES AND PROTECTIVE LAYERS

29

REPAIRING WATERPROOFING MADE OF POLYMER MODIFIED

BITUMINOUS THICK COATINGS (PMBC)

31

QUALITY ASSURANCE TESTING

31

10.1 Measurement of Layer Thickness

10.2 Testing for Thorough Drying
10.3 Documentation

31
31
32

10

26

ANNEX
ANNEX 1: WATERPROOFING WITH PMBC BEYOND DIN 18195

33

NOTES ON CONTRACTUAL AGREEMENTS

33

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

34

RANGE OF USE

34

3.1 Waterproofing with PMBC against external water pressure on a

foundation up to 3 m below ground level
3.1.1 Water load
3.1.2 Application
3.2 Waterproofing cross joints and construction joints as well as
movement joints and joints between buildings on a continuous floor
slab in concrete elements made of water impermeable concret
3.2.1 Water load
3.2.2 Application
3.3 Notes on waterproofing floor areas in contact with the ground using PMBC
3.2.1 Water load
3.2.2 Application
3.4 Connection of PMBC to horizontal waterproofing made
of mineral waterproofing grout (MWG) beneath walls

34
34
34

35
35
35
36
36
36
36

ANNEX 2: QUOTED AND JOINTLY VALID STANDARDS,

REGULATIONS AND CODES OF PRACTICE

37

ANNEX 3: DOCUMENTATION FORM

38

ILLUSTRATIONS
Ill.: 1

Water load: Ground damp DIN 18195-4 1

11

Ill.: 2

Water load: Non-standing seepage water DIN 18195-4

11

Ill.: 3

Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6,

section 7.2.1

12

Water load: Water pressure (ground water) DIN 18195-6,

section 7.2.1

13

Waterproofing scheme for water load

ground damp/non-standing seepage water DIN 18195-4

20

Detail: Two-leaf cavity exterior wall, plinth connection

Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water
DIN 18195-4

21

Detail: Exterior basement wall, base point, variation 1

Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water
DIN 18195-4

21

Detail: Exterior basement wall, base point, variation 2

Water Load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water
DIN 18195-4

21

Waterproofing scheme for water load standing seepage water

DIN 18195-6 plinth connection for one-leaf masonry with a bonded
thermal insulation system

22

Ill.: 10

Detail: Connection to splash water area on buildings with a basement

22

Ill.: 11

Detail: Exterior basement wall, base poin

Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6

23

Detail: Connection to splash water area, one-leaf masonry,

plinth connection
Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6

23

Service penetration exterior basement wall

Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water
DIN 18195-4

24

Service penetration exterior basement wall with

loose/fixed construction
Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6

25

Ill.: 4

Ill.: 5

Ill.: 6

Ill.: 7

Ill.: 8

Ill.: 9

Ill.: 12

Ill.: 13

Ill.: 14

Ill.: 15

Ill.: 16

Ill.: 17

Ill.: 18

Ill.: 19

Ill.: 20

Waterproofing a joint (joint type I) between separating walls

of two dwellings on a continuous floor slab
Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water
DIN 18195-4

26

Waterproofing a joint (joint type I) between separating walls

of two dwellings on a continuous floor slab, horizontal cross-section
Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water
DIN 18195-4

27

Transitions to water impermeable floor slabs made of concrete

Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6
in conjunction with DIN 18195-9:A1

28

Detail: Walls made of concrete (element wall or in-situ concrete),

wall/floor transition
Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6 in
conjunction with DIN 18195-9:A1 and water pressure (ground water)

29

Service penetration through exterior basement walls with an

adhesive flange (not covered by DIN 18195)
Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6
and water pressure (ground water)

35

Waterproofing a cross joint and a joint between the separating

walls of two buildings on a continuous floor slab with precast
concrete units and floor slab made of water impermeable concrete
Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water
DIN 18195-4

36

PRELIMINARY REMARKS
This 3rd edition of the Guideline for Planning and Executing Waterproofing with
Polymer Modified Bituminous Thick Coatings (PMBC) Building Elements with Ground
Contact (abbreviated: PMBC Guideline) issued May 2010 was prepared by representatives of the associations named below and published by these associations:

Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mauerziegel im Bundesverband der

Deutschen Ziegelindustrie e. V.
Ausbildungsbeirat KMB-Lehrgang e. V.
Bundesverband Kalksandsteinindustrie e. V.
Bundesverband Porenbetonindustrie e. V.
Deutsche Bauchemie e. V.
Deutscher Holz- und Bautenschutzverband e. V.
Zentralverband des Deutschen Baugewerbes e. V.
Zentralverband des Deutschen Dachdeckerhandwerks e. V.

The 1st edition of the PMBC Guideline issued in June 1997 was revised to integrate
the changes that had been made to parts 1 to 6 of DIN 18195 Waterproofing of
Buildings in August 2000. The result was the 2nd edition of the PMBC Guideline
issued in November 2001. In this 3rd edition, experience gained in the meantime and
changes in the standard (DIN 18195) as well as rules for PMBC issued by the [German]
supervising authority have been incorporated. This 3rd edition of the PMBC Guideline
published in May 2010 replaces the 2nd edition from November 2001.
This PMBC Guideline may be used by anyone, however, whoever uses it must make
sure that it is correctly applied in each individual case. The use of this guideline does
not relieve anyone from responsibility for the work they have executed.

PART A: GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
Part A of this guideline deals
with the principles for waterproofing building elements with
ground contact using polymer
modified bituminous thick
coatings (PMBC) and is the
basis for part B and Annex 1.

1 RANGE OF USE AND PURPOSE

This guideline governs waterproofing of structures and building elements in contact
with the ground using polymer modified bituminous thick coatings. It serves as a basis
for planning and executing waterproofing with polymer modified bituminous thick
coatings (PMBC). DIN 18195 Waterproofing of Buildings as well as the information
given by the manufacture in this context should also be observed.
The guideline covers waterproofing of structures and building elements with polymer
modified bituminous thick coatings against:
Water in the ground that is capillary bound and can be conducted by capillary
forces, also against gravity (ground damp), as well as water from precipitation
and non-standing seepage water (Part B Waterproofing with PMBC according to
DIN 18195)
Temporary standing seepage water
(Part B Waterproofing with PMBC according to DIN 18195)
Moisture, moderate load
(Part B Waterproofing with PMBC according to DIN 18195)
External water pressure with a max. foundation depth of 3 m below ground level
(Annex I Waterproofing with PMBC beyond DIN 18195)
Connections with PMBC to horizontal waterproofing made of mineral
waterproofing grouts
(Annex I Waterproofing with PMBC outside of DIN 18195)
Waterproofing floor areas with ground contact with PMBC
(Annex I Waterproofing with PMBC outside of DIN 18195)
The purpose of this guideline is to:
1. Provide a basis for planning waterproofing with polymer modified bituminous
thick coatings (PMBC)
2. Provide a basis for executing waterproofing with polymer modified bituminous
thick coatings (PMBC)
3. Aid the determination the basic requirements and limit values
4. Increase the reliability of application (security of execution)
5. Give advice on quality assurance measures at the building site
6. Provide a basis for assessing waterproofing that has been executed with polymer
modified bituminous thick coatings (PMBC)
When waterproofing measures are subsequently carried out, see the WTA Code of
Practice Subsequently Waterproofing Building Elements with Ground Contact. When
waterproofing in other areas, see the following rules:
Wet rooms and balconies
DIN 18195-5 Bauwerksabdichtungen Abdichtungen gegen nichtdrckendes
Wasser auf Deckenflchen und in Nassrumen, Bemessung und Ausfhrung
[Waterproofing of Buildings Waterproofing against Moisture on Floors and in
Wet Areas, Design and Execution]
ZDB Code of Practice Hinweise fr die Ausfhrung von Verbundabdichtungen
mit Bekleidungen und Belgen aus Fliesen und Platten fr den Innen- und
Auenbereich [Notes on Executing Bonded Waterproofing with Facings and
Covers Made of Tiles and Slabs in Indoor and Outdoor Areas]
Waterproofing beneath screeds
BEB Code of Practice Abdichtungsstoffe im Verbund mit Bodenbelgen
[Waterproofing Materials Bonded with Floor Covers]
Swimming pools: ZDB Code of Practice Hinweise fr Planung und Ausfhrung
keramischer Belge im Schwimmbadbau [Notes on Planning and Executing
Ceramic Covers in Swimming Pool Construction]

10

Roof waterproofing: DIN 18531 Dachabdichtungen [Waterproofing of Roofs]

Fachregel fr Abdichtungen [Trade Rule for Waterproofing] issued by ZVDH
Waterproofing in and beneath walls and waterproofing in plinth areas:
Guideline for Planning and Executing Waterproofing on Building Elements
with Ground Contact with Flexible Waterproofing Grouts issued by
Deutsche Bauchemie
Guideline for Planning and Executing Waterproofing on Building Elements
with Mineral Waterproofing Grouts issued by Deutsche Bauchemie
DGFM Code of Practice Abdichtung von erdberhrtem Mauerwerk
[Waterproofing Masonry Work with Ground Contact]

2 REQUIREMENTS ON PLANNING
The effect and durability of structural waterproofing depends not only on proper planning and execution of the waterproofing but also on proper planning and execution
of the building and the elements to be waterproofed. The planner of the building
must make sure that the foundation and enclosing walls are designed and executed
according to the state of the art, taking differences in settlement, soil pressure and, if
applicable, a water pressure load into account.
Whenever buildings are waterproofed, the waterproofing must be carefully planned
and taken into account in the overall planning of the building or the part of the building to be waterproofed. Static, structural and physical requirements must also be taken
into account. Before the planner can begin, he must also obtain sufficient information
on the properties of the foundation soil. He must investigate whether the soil is water
permeable (hydraulic conductivity k > 10-4 m/s). If this cannot be determined without
doubt, a soil survey will be required or a higher water load must be assumed.
If waterproofing it to be planned properly, it is essential to know the design water
level. According to DIN 18195-1, the design water level is defined as: The highest
ground water/high-water level determined, if possible, over the course of many years
of observation and, in the case of internal water pressure, the planned water level. If
drainage according to DIN 4095 is planned for poorly permeable soil (k > 10-4 m/s), it
must be clarified in advance how the arising drainage water can be safely led off since,
in Germany for example, the statutes of many communities prohibit the discharge
of drainage water into the sewer system. If drainage water is to seep away on the
property, Work Sheet A 138 issued by the German Association for Water, Waste Water
and Waste (DWA) must also be observed.

3 DEFINITION OF WATER LOAD

3.1 Ground Damp/Non-Standing Seepage Water
Ground damp is water that is bound in the capillaries of the ground which can also
defy gravity and rise upward through capillary forces. Ground damp is the minimum
load that is always found in the ground. A load comparable to ground damp is also
created by non-standing seepage water that results from precipitation. This load can
only be assumed if the construction ground as well as the material used for filling the
excavated area consists of highly permeable soil, e.g. sand or gravel, down to a depth
sufficiently below the foundation slab. In this case, the soil must be so permeable
that water occurring in liquid form can seep from the surface of the ground down
to the free ground water level and will not stand, even temporarily, if there is heavy
precipitation, for example. In this case, hydraulic conductivity of the soil (k) must be at

11

Water load: Ground damp DIN 18195-4

precipitation

With highly permeable soil 1)

k > 10 -4 m/s
(k > 0.1 mm/s)

1)

See DIN 18130

Illustration 1

Water load: Non-standing seepage water DIN 18195-4

precipitation

With less permeable soil 1)

k < 10 -4 m/s
(k < 0.1 mm/s)
With drainage according to DIN 4095

1)

See DIN 18130

Illustration 2

least 10-4 m/s. This load also exists if drainage according to DIN 4095 is used for less
permeable soil, provided that the drainage functions permanently.

3.2 Moisture on Floors and in Wet Areas

Moisture is water in liquid form, e.g. precipitation, seepage or service water, which
does not exert or exerts only slight hydrostatic pressure on the waterproofing. This load
can be assumed on all horizontal and sloped roof surfaces, outdoors and in the ground,
if they are not subjected to water pressure. This load is furthermore found on floors
and walls subjected to splash water in wet areas. When waterproofing in these areas,
a distinction is made between moderate and heavy loads.
3.2.1 Moisture, moderate loads
Surfaces with moderate loads are, e.g.:
Balconies and similar surfaces in housing construction
Directly splashed floor and wall surfaces in wet areas of housing construction

12

3.2.2 Moisture, heavy loads

Surfaces with heavy loads are, e.g.:
Roof terraces, surfaces with extensive vegetation which impound water for irrigation up to a max. of 100 mm, park decks, yard basement ceilings, ceilings with
ground contact
Floor and wall surfaces with heavy service or cleaning water loads in wet areas
such as swimming pool surrounds, public showers, kitchens in trade and other commercial utilisation.

3.3 Standing Seepage Water and Water Pressure

A water load in which the water exerts hydrostatic pressure on a structure is divided,
depending on the intensity of the load, into building elements that are immersed in
ground water and building elements which rest above the design water level.
3.3.1 Standing Seepage Water
A standing seepage water load exists when exterior basement walls or floor slabs with a
foundation depth up to 3.0 m below ground level are in less permeable soil and without
drainage according to DIN 4095. Furthermore, the type of soil and form of the terrain
should also ensure that only standing water is to be expected and the design water level,
which should be determined on the basis of long-year data if possible, must be at least
300 mm below the bottom edge of the basement slab.

Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6, section 7.2.2

precipitation
With less permeable soil 1)
k < 10 -4 m/s
(k < 0.1 mm/s)

Without drainage
Foundation depth up to 3 m below
ground level

<3m

Design water level 2)

Illustration 3

1)

See DIN 18130

2)

Highest expected ground water/high-water level

> 300 mm

13

3.3.2 Water Pressure

Buildings or parts of buildings are waterproofed against water pressure if they are
exposed to ground water or stratum water. A water pressure type load does not depend
on foundation depth, immersion depth or type of soil.

Water load: Water pressure (ground water) DIN 18195-6,

section 7.2.1
precipitation
With less or highly permeable soil 1)

Foundation depth up to 3 m below

ground level

<3m

Design water level 2)

1)

Illustration 4

2)

See DIN 18130

Highest expected ground water/high-water level

4 MATERIALS
4.1 Primers
Primers ensure that the subsequently applied bituminous thick coating reliably adheres
to the surface and binds dust. Depending on the type of substrate and the primer
selected, they may also penetrate into and strengthen the substrate. Suitable products
for priming may be on a:
Bitumen-emulsion base
Reactive resin base
Plastic dispersion base
Silicate base
Bitumen solution base (only for repairs)
The use of solvent based products should be restricted to an essential minimum (e.g.
repairs) for occupational safety reasons and the environments sake and because the
solvents evaporate slowly. Solvent based primers should never be used in interior areas
because of the risk of explosion if ventilation is insufficient.

4.2 Mineral Waterproofing Grouts (MWG)

Cement bound waterproofing grouts according to DIN 18195-2 are used in combination with bituminous thick coatings, also as intermediate waterproofing beneath walls
(cross-section waterproofing) as well as for waterproofing plinths.

14

Suitable for this purpose are:

Mineral waterproofing grouts that do not bridge cracks
Crack-bridging, mineral waterproofing grouts
The following documents should be observed when using waterproofing grouts:
Guideline for Planning and Executing Waterproofing on Building Elements with
Ground Contact Using Flexible Waterproofing Grouts as well as the
Guideline for Planning and Executing Waterproofing on Building Elements Using
Mineral Waterproofing Grouts.

4.3 Polymer Modified Bituminous Thick Coatings (PMBC)

Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings (PMBC) according to DIN 18195-2 are
compounds in a paste, filling or spraying consistence based on a polymer modified
bitumen emulsion. They are divided into:
Single component, polymer modified bituminous thick coatings
Two-component, polymer modified bituminous thick coatings

4.4 Protective Layers

Protective layers are used to protect the waterproofing from harm. At the same time,
they may also function as insulation and/or drainage layer. Suitable for this purpose
are, for example:
Dimpled membranes with a sliding plane as a protective and load-distributing
layer
Protective screeds on a parting film
Protective mats or panels made of rubber or polyethylene granulate compatible
with bitumen at least 6 mm thick
Concrete, at least class C 8/10 according to DIN EN 206-1 at least 50 mm thick
Masonry work at least 115 mm thick
Concrete slabs at least 50 mm thick
Perimeter insulation panels made of rigid foam or foamed glass
Panels made of rigid foam at least 25 mm thick
Drainage mats/panels at least 25 mm thick

15

5 REQUIREMENTS ON POLYMER MODIFIED

BITUMINOUS THICK COATINGS (PMBC)
Building products that contribute to protecting the structure or building element from
moisture on the outside are relevant because they are governed by state building regulations in Germany. Accordingly, the Construction Product List A issued by the German
Institute of Construction Technology (DIBt), which is anchored in state building regulations, requires proof of suitability and/or attestations of conformity for materials used
for waterproofing in areas with ground contact.
Part 2 of Construction Product List A stipulates that polymer modified bituminous
thick coatings must have a National Test Certificate as proof of suitability and that
after prior initial testing by a notified body, the procedure for attestation of conformity declaration of conformity by the manufacturer must be carried out. Products
that meet the requirements of this ruling are marked with the mark of conformity (
mark).
The properties to be proved within the scope of the National Test Certificate and the
test methods to be used are stipulated in the Testing principles for the issue of National
Test Certificates for polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing
buildings published in the official pages of the DIBt bulletins. Additional proof for
external, strip waterproofing of construction joints and nominal crack cross-sections
on building elements made of water impermeable concrete as well as the transition
to surface waterproofing on building elements made of water impermeable concrete
are stipulated in the Testing principles for the issue of National Test Certificates for the
transition of structural waterproofing to building elements made of water impermeable
concrete.
The areas approved for use are also stipulated in the National Test Certificate for the
respective product.
The following areas of use for PMBC are governed by the supervising authority in
the National Test Certificate:
Structural waterproofing with ground contact for water loads:
Ground damp and moisture in the sense of DIN 18195-4 and DIN 18195-5:2008-8.
Structural waterproofing with ground contact for water load:
Temporary standing seepage water up to a maximum foundation depth of 3.0 m
below ground level in the sense of DIN 18195-6:2008-8
Structural waterproofing with ground contact for water load:
Water pressure (ground water) up to a maximum immersion depth of 3.0 m in the
sense of DIN 18195-6:2008-8.
Structural waterproofing in the transition area from the surface waterproofing to
building elements made of water impermeable concrete (e.g. transition from wall to
floor slab made of water impermeable concrete) for the above named water loads.
External, strip-form waterproofing for construction joints in building elements made
of water impermeable concrete with a maximum opening width of 0.25 mm (alternative: for waterproofing nominal crack cross-sections with a max. opening width
of 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm) with the water loads given above. It is also suitable for water
exchange zones. The waterproofing meets the requirements for utilisation class A
for load groups 1 and 2 in accordance with the German WU Guideline 1 .

1
German Committee for Reinforced
Concrete (DAfStb) - Guideline for Water
Impermeable Structures made of Concrete
(WU Guideline) issued November 2003

16

6 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, TRANSPORT AND

DISPOSAL
Up to date notes on occupational safety, transport and disposal of the material are
found in the Safety Data Sheets issued by the manufacturer. In the case of products
that must be labelled (e.g. solvent based primers), labelling is found on the container.
The rules of the professional/trade associations should also be observed.
Solvent based primers should never be used in interior areas because there is a high
risk of explosion if there is insufficient ventilation and thus life endangering for the
person working with the material.
Detailed information on the best occupational safety measures to be taken when
handling bituminous waterproofing compounds has been prepared by GISBAU (German
hazardous substances information system maintained by the construction industry
trade associations) and Deutsche Bauchemie e.V. in the form of GISCODEs. These are
available through the WINGIS EDP programme or can be downloaded from the GISBAU
website (www.gisbau.de). This system helps employers fulfil their legal obligations.
Completely empty containers should be brought to a disposal system. The respective
disposal partner is stated by the manufacturer on the container. When leftover material
must be disposed of, regional regulations as well as waste codes should be observed.
Information is found in the Safety Data Sheets issued by the manufacturer.

7 REQUIREMENTS ON THE SUBSTRATE

Some examples of substrates suitable for the installation of waterproofing made of
polymer modified bituminous waterproofing are given in the following:
Masonry according to DIN 1053 made of e.g.:
- Brick
- Sand-lime brick
- Aerated concrete blocks
- Cavity blocks and solid blocks made of light-weight concrete and concrete
- Shuttering blocks made of concrete
- Breeze brick
Mixed masonry
Concrete/reinforced concrete (EN 206-1 in conjunction with DIN 1045-2)
Render (DIN V 18550)
- Mortar class P III, CS III, CS IV according to DIN EN 998-1
Existing paints and coatings on a bituminous base on mineral substrates
- Mineral waterproofing grouts
Other substrates not named above must be examined for suitability for the
respective case.
All substrates must be sound, load-bearing, frost-free and free of substances that could
interfere with adhesion (release agents, dust, dirt, etc.). The substrate must be free
of seams and sharp-edge unevenness such as projecting mortar or concrete or offset
stones. The surface should be tested, e.g. with a wipe or scratch test. In a wipe test
(wiping a hand across the substrate), there should be no loose residue. A scratch test is
used to determine if there are layers of sinter or hollow areas in the otherwise sound
substrate. Hollow areas must be repaired. In a scratch test, the substrate is scratched
with, for example, a nail. If parts of the substrate detach or the nail penetrates into
the substrate, there is a layer of sinter which must be entirely removed. This test is

17

not suitable for aerated concrete or for building elements of less strength. Absorbent
substrates may be matt damp but not shiny wet. To test this, water that is applied to
the substrate must distribute itself within a short time and may not be repelled. Subconcrete/base course layers to which PMBC is to be applied (e.g. when installing the
waterproofing plane below the floor slab) must be made of concrete at least C 25/30
and sufficiently designed.

8 PRELIMINARY WORK
8.1 General Preliminary Work
During the construction phase, polymer modified bituminous thick coatings may be
damaged if water can act from behind. If it is not possible to keep water away from the
side of the waterproofing that adheres to the structure/element, intermediate waterproofing must be placed. This must be water impermeable and may not be detached
from the substrate by water pressure. Suitable for this purpose are, e.g.:
Mineral waterproofing grouts that do not bridge cracks
Crack-bridging mineral waterproofing grouts
Interior corners and wall/floor connections should be produced with a sealing cove. As
a rule, these can be executed with mortars compatible with the system in a radius of
4 to 6 cm (bottle moulding). The mortar used should be coordinated to the substrate.
As an alternative, if permitted by the manufacturer, the sealing cove can be produced
with the polymer modified bituminous thick coating. In this case, the radius should
not exceed 2 cm.
Remove any unevenness and bevel edges.

8.2 Preliminary Work for Masonry

According to DIN 1053, cross joints wider than 5 mm, e.g. when masonry stone is not
laid dry, must be closed externally with mortar. Indentations deeper than 5 mm such
as mortar pockets or broken out areas should be closed with a suitable mortar.
Open cross joints up to 5 mm and profiled surfaces or unevenness in the stone (e.g.
render grooves on brick or heavy concrete stone) must be either levelled with mortar
(thin or levelling render), mineral waterproofing grouts or a scratch coat of polymer
modified bituminous thick coating. Special measures should be taken to close pores
on light-weight concrete or concrete stone with porous aggregates (e.g. scratch coat
with polymer modified mortars). The filler must have sufficiently dried/set so that it will
not be damaged when the next working operation is carried out. Externally projecting
sheets used for cross section waterproofing (see DIN 18195-4, section 7.2) should be
cut off on the outside. The internally projecting sheet is used to connect to the horizontal waterproofing of the floor slab.

18

8.3 Preliminary Work for Concrete

After the concrete has been placed, missing areas and formwork seams must be
repaired/removed analogous to masonry. Substances that could interfere with adhesion,
e.g. release oil or curing agents, must be removed.
Open as well as hidden pores may lead to the formation of blisters in the fresh
coating, e.g. in sunlight. To reduce the risk of blister formation, a scratch coat should
be applied. The scratch coat must be dry or have set before the next working operation
is carried out.
Layers of cement lime or tightly adhering soiling should be removed by mechanical
means (e.g. rotating disk/milling). The edge of the concrete slab should be bevelled
as described in section 8.1. Before the waterproofing system is applied, the prepared
concrete slab (slab overhang) should be thoroughly cleaned. When connecting PMBC
waterproofing to in situ concrete elements made of water impermeable concrete, the
substrate should be prepared by mechanical roughening, e.g. by milling, so that it is
free of soil and loose material.

8.4 Preliminary Work for Rendered Surfaces

Hollow lying render must be removed and the areas repaired. Sanding render surfaces
should be strengthened or removed and renewed.

8.5 Preliminary Work for Existing Waterproofing

Existing waterproofing is only suitable as a substrate for bituminous thick coatings if
the material is compatible with the polymer modified bituminous thick coating and the
existing waterproofing still functions. In case of doubt, compatibility of the materials
should be proved. Furthermore, the existing waterproofing should be checked to see
that it sufficiently adheres to the substrate. Remove loose areas.
After the existing waterproofing has been cleaned, a bonding layer that is compatible
with the system is usually applied to ensure adequate adhesion of the new bituminous
thick coating.
Tar coatings as well as tar waterproofing sheets are not suitable substrates for bituminous thick coatings.

9 REQUIREMENTS ON THE INSTALLER

Working with polymer modified bituminous thick coatings requires special knowledge
and skills and such waterproofing works should always be executed by trained professionals. In Germany, for example, the special knowledge required can be obtained in a
special course titled Producing Waterproofing Made of Polymer Modified, Bituminous
Thick Coatings. The type and scope of the contents as well as the sequence of the
course are stipulated by KMB-Lehrgang e.V. (PMBC course), the responsible training
advisory board which is managed by the German Construction Confederation (ZDB).
The course is held by neutral training centres approved by the advisory board.
For information, go to: www.kmb-ausbildung.de

19

PART B: EXECUTION
OF WATERPROOFING
USING PMBC ACCORDING
TO DIN 18195

1 PREPARATION OF THE SUBSTRATE

The substrate must meet the requirements given in Part A, Section 7 and be prepared
according to Part A, Section 8. To bind fine dust, the substrate is normally treated with
a primer which is coordinated to the subsequently applied, bituminous thick coating
system. If a scratch coat is required, depending on the surface of the building element,
the waterproofing material itself may be used for this.

2 APPLICATION OF THE COATING

Structural waterproofing with polymer modified bituminous thick coatings should not
be applied in weather conditions that could have a negative effect on performance
unless special measures are taken to counteract these conditions. Such weather
conditions are, for example, ambient temperatures and temperatures of the building
elements below + 5 C, rain, snow and ice as well as strong sunlight.
The two-component products should be mixed with tools that are appropriate for the
system. The material must be stirred until a homogenous compound has been achieved.
The prescribed mixing times and mixing ratios should be observed.
Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings can be used to waterproof vertical,
horizontal and sloped building elements with ground contact. Depending on the consistence of the product, they are applied with a tool or sprayed on. At least two layers
of polymer modified bituminous thick coatings must be applied, with or without a
layer of reinforcement, depending on water load. All areas should be uniformly coated
in the thickness specified for the specific load. When applied by hand, there may be
differences in the thickness of the applied material. All areas must have the specified
dry layer thickness; the required thickness of the wet layer to achieve this is to be
specified by the manufacturer. When determining the quantity of material required
for the specific water load, remember that the application rate may vary if applied by
hand. The wet layer thickness specified by the manufacturer should never be exceeded
by more than 100 % in any place. Table 1 gives the minimum dry layer thickness that
must be achieved, depending on water load, before the excavated area can be filled and
also how the waterproofing should be executed. If a National Test Certificate specifies
a thicker layer for the respective product, the value in the certificate is the value to
be taken.

Table 1

Load

DIN 18195: 2000-08

Execution of the waterproofing

Minimum layer thickness ***

Ground damp and non-standing

seepage water on floor slabs and
walls

DIN 18195, part 4

sections 7.3.3 and 7.4.2

2 working operations *

3 mm

Moisture on floor surfaces

and in wet areas with moderate
loads

DIN 18195, part 5

section 8.2.8

2 working operations **
A layer of reinforcement on
coves and edges

3 mm

Standing seepage water,

foundation depth 3.0 m
Design water level at least 300 mm
below the bottom edge of the
basement slab

DIN 18195, part 6

section 9.1

2 working operations **
A layer of reinforcement

4 mm

* The layers can be applied wet-on-wet.

** Before the second layer of waterproofing is applied, the first layer must have sufficiently dried so that it will not be damaged when the
following layer is applied.
*** At the time of acceptance

20

In floor/wall connecting areas with a projecting floor slab, the polymer modified bituminous waterproofing should be led down from the wall area over the floor slab to at
least 100 mm down the face side of the floor slab.
If work is interrupted, the polymer modified bituminous thick coating must be feathered out to zero. When work is continued, the coating is lapped over the feathered out
area. Work should not be interrupted when coating the corners of buildings.

3 WATERPROOFING SCHEME
3.1 Ground Damp and Non-Standing Seepage Water

Waterproofing scheme for the water load ground damp/

non-standing seepage water DIN 18195-4

Detail: See Ill. 6

Screed on a layer of insulation

Alternative in the basement:

Masonry with thin bed mortar in horizontal
joints with/without closing cross joints with
mortar according to DIN 1053

Protective layer according to

DIN 18195-10 If applicable with
drainage layer according to DIN 4095*)

or:
Concrete according to DIN EN 206
or:
Masonry with standard mortar in horizontal
joints with/without closing cross joints with
mortar according to DIN 1053

Detail: See Ill. 7 and 8

e.g. cement screed on a parting layer

Polymer modified
bitumen thick coating (PMBC)
> 10 cm

Polymer modified
bitumen thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers, minimum dry layer thickness 3 mm)

*) Drainage according
to DIN 4095 only
necessary for less
permeable soil

Illustration 5

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

Parting layer
Cross-sectional waterproofing made of mineral waterproofing grout or sheet in accordance with DIN 18195-4

Capillary-interrupting layer
or sub-concrete

21

Detail: Two-leaf, exterior wall, plinth connection

Mineral waterproofing
grout (MWG)
Cavity flashing
(L-shaped waterproofing)

Mineral waterproofing
grout (MWG)

> 15 cm (adjusted to ground)

Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water DIN 18195-4

> 10 cm

Protective layer according to

DIN 18195-10
(e.g. perimeter insulation)

Illustration 6

Polymer modified bituminous

thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers, minimum dry layer thickness 3 mm)

Detail: Exterior basement wall, base point, variation 1

Water load: Ground damp/non-standing
seepage water DIN 18195-4
Protective layer according to DIN 18195-10
(e.g. perimeter insulation)

Sealing cove made of PMBC

(radius 2 cm)
if permitted by manufacturer
or
waterproofing mortar compatible with the system
(radius 4-6 cm)

> 10 cm

Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)

(2 layers, minimum dry layer thickness 3 mm)

Waterproofing beneath walls

according to DIN 18195-4
(cross-section waterproofing)
Illustration 7

Detail: Exterior basement wall, base point, variation 2

Water load: Ground damp/non-standing
seepage water DIN 18195-4
Protective layer according to
DIN 18195-10 (e.g. perimeter insulation)

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

Polymer modified bituminous thick

Coating (PMBC)
(2 layers, minimum dry layer thickness 3 mm)
> 10 cm

Illustration 8

Waterproofing in and beneath walls

according to DIN 18195-4

22

3.2 Standing Seepage Water

Waterproofing scheme for the water load standing seepage water DIN 18195-6
Plinth connection for single leaf masonry with a bonded thermal insulation system

Screed on a layer of insulation

Bonded thermal insulation

system (BTIS)

Detail: See Ill. 10 or Ill. 12 (without BTIS)

Alternative in the basement:

Masonry with thin bed mortar in the
horizontal joints with/without closing of
cross joints with mortar according to DIN 1053

Protective layer according to DIN 18195-10

(e.g. perimeter insulation)

or:
Concrete according to DIN EN 206
Polymer modified
bituminous thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement,
minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)

or:
Masonry with standard mortar in the
horizontal joints with/without closing of
cross joints with mortar according to DIN 1053

Polymer modified
bituminous thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement,
minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)
Protective screed
Parting layer
Sub-concrete

Detail: See Ill.11

Illustration 9

Detail: Connection to splash water areas on buildings with a basement

Bonded thermal insulation system

(BTIS)
Mineral waterproofing
grout (MWG)

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

Protective layer according to DIN 18195-10

(e.g. perimeter insulation)
Mineral waterproofing
grout (MWG)
Polymer modified bituminous
thick coating (PMBC)

> 10 cm

Illustration 10

> 5 cm

Sufficiently water repelling render

23

Detail: Exterior basement wall, base point

Water load: Standing
seepage water DIN 18195-6

Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)

(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement,
minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)
Protective layer according to
DIN 18195-10
(e.g. perimeter insulation)
Reinforced
concrete slab
Protective
screed
Sealing cove made of PMBC
if permitted by manufacturer (radius 2 cm)
Parting
layer
Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement, minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)
Illustration 11

Reinforced
sub-concrete

> 10 cm

Detail: Connection to splash water areas, single leaf masonry, plinth connection
Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6

> 15 cm

Plinth render according to

DIN 18550

> 5 cm

Mineral waterproofing
grout (MWG)

Polymer modified bituminous

thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement,
minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)
Illustration 12

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

Protective layer according to

DIN 18195-10
(e.g. perimeter insulation)

> 10 cm

Mineral waterproofing
grout (MWG)

(adjusted to ground)

External
render

24

4 SERVICE PENETRATIONS
Service penetrations (pipe penetrations) may pass through the waterproofing at all
levels but if possible, they should always be installed in an area where the water load is
only ground damp and non-standing seepage water. The external edges of the flanges
used for pipe penetrations should be at least 30 cm apart.

4.1 Ground Damp and Non-Standing Seepage Water

With this water load, bituminous thick coatings can be worked right up to the penetrating pipes in the form of a sealing cove. Sufficient adhesion of the bituminous
thick coating to the penetrating pipe can be achieved, for example, by roughening the
surface of the pipe. Adhesive flanges may also be used for penetrating pipes (width of
the flange at least 12 cm).

Service penetration through an exterior basement wall

Water load: Ground damp/non-standing
seepage water DIN 18195-4

Protective layer according to DIN 18195-10

(e.g. perimeter insulation)

Tightly integrated pipe

> 5 cm

Waterproofing with a sealing cove

(radius 2 cm) made of PMBC

Illustration 13

Polymer modified bituminous

thick coating (PMBC)
( 2 layers, minimum dry layer thickness 3 mm)

4.2 Standing Seepage Water

Waterproofing with polymer modified bituminous thick coatings should be executed
with a loose or fixed flange construction for the water load standing seepage water.
Pre-fabricated collars, made for example of bitumen compatible, plastic waterproofing sheets according to Table 4 in DIN 18195-2, should be used for loose/fixed flange
constructions. They have a laminated non-woven or woven fabric on the bottom side
which is bedded into the polymer modified bituminous thick coating. The clamping
area has no laminated fabric.

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

25

Service penetration in an exterior basement wall

with a loose/fixed flange construction

Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)

(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement, minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)

> 5 cm

Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6

Collar made of plastic waterproofing sheet

(with laminated non-woven or woven fabric)
Squeeze-type
gasket
Pipe
Fixed flange
Loose flange

Illustration 14

5 JOINTS
5.1 In General
Movement joints: Space between two building elements or building sections that
allows each to have different movements.
The placement and execution of joints requires careful planning. Bitumen compatible
water stops made of plastic waterproofing sheets laminated to a non-woven or woven
fabric for bedding into the polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC) are used
to waterproof joints in surface waterproofing made of polymer modified bituminous
thick coatings (PMBC).

5.2 Types of Joints

Movements from parts of the building should not have such an effect on movement
joints that the functioning capacity of the waterproofing is impaired. The execution
of movement joints must be coordinated to the respective type of waterproofing as
well as the type, direction, size and frequency of the expected movements. Joints are
divided into Type I and Type II joints.
Type I joints are joints for movements that take place slowly and only once or seldom
repeated movements, e.g. settlement movements, shrinkage shortening or changes in
length of building elements that are in contact with the ground. In this case, movements of joint sides as well as individual movements and combined movements may
not exceed 5 mm.
If movement exceeds this value, waterproofing above the joint must be executed for
Type II joints. Joints between two walls that separate dwellings on a continuous floor
slab are examples of Type II joints.
Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

Type II joints are for movements that take place quickly or are often repeated, e.g.
movements through alternating live loads or changes in length caused by differences
in temperature during the day. As a rule, these joints are above ground level and are
therefore not dealt with in this PMBC guideline for building elements with ground
contact.

26

5.3 Movement Joints

In case of ground damp/non-standing seepage water, Type I movement joints are to be
waterproofed with a water stop according to DIN 18195-8, section 7.2.1 coordinated
to the waterproofing system used. Depending on the expected movements and type
of water stop, a water stop with centre bulb may be necessary. Covering the joints
with a filler is not permitted. The water stop can be fixed in place with the following
materials:
Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)
Mineral waterproofing grout, crack-bridging (MWG)
Reactive resin adhesive
The water stop is then bedded in the surface waterproofing. Movement joints can only
be waterproofed if the connection of the water stop is ensured without interruption
the entire length of the movement joint.

5.4 Joints between the Separating Walls of Two Dwellings on

a Continuous Floor Slab
Joints between the separating walls of two dwellings on a continuous floor slab are
waterproofed with water stops that do not have a centre bulb as a rule. The bottom
side of the water stop is bedded in the surface waterproofing on the floor slab and
must be suitable for this purpose (e.g. with a laminated fabric on the bottom).

Waterproofing a joint (Type I joint) between the separating walls of

two dwellings on a continuous floor slab
Water load: Ground damp/non-standing
seepage water DIN 18195-4

Detail see Ill. 16

Joint
System-compatible
water stop according to DIN 18195-8,
section 7.2.1

> 5 cm

Polymer modified bituminous

thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers, minimum dry layer thickness 3 mm)
Illustration 15

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

27

Waterproofing a joint (Type I joint) between the separating walls of

two dwellings on a continuous floor slab, horizontal cross-section
Water load: Ground damp/non-standing
seepage water DIN 18195-4
House dividing
wall
> 5 cm

Protective layer according to

DIN 18195-10
(e.g. perimeter insulation)
System-compatible water stop
according to DIN 18195-8, section 7.2.1,
worked into the PMBC

Polymer modified bituminous

thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers, minimum dry layer thickness 3 mm)

Exterior wall

Illustration 16

6 CONNECTIONS
In splash water zones, the waterproofing should be led 30 cm above ground level to
ensure that there is sufficient space for adjusting the surface of the ground. After
the ground has been adjusted, the waterproofing should still be at least 15 cm above
ground level. The exposed PMBC must be protected from UV-light by a bonded thermal
insulation system, curtain facade element or similar. See Illustration 10.
Waterproofing in splash water zones on one-leaf masonry (see Ill. 12) or concrete
walls to which plinth render is to be applied should be waterproofed with a mineral
waterproofing grout. The mineral waterproofing grout is applied first before the render
is applied.
In the case of two-leaf masonry, a cavity flashing (L-shaped waterproofing) is attached
to the load-bearing shell, led downward in the cavity towards the outside and laid
horizontally in the external shell. The connection between the cavity flashing and the
PMBC in the areas in contact with the ground can be executed with a mineral waterproofing grout. See Illustration 6.
The zone in which the mineral waterproofing grout is overlapped by the polymer modified bituminous thick coating is below ground level and should be at least 10 cm high.

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
0the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

28

7 TRANSITIONS FROM PMBC TO FLOOR SLABS

MADE OF WATER IMPERMEABLE CONCRETE
According to DIN 18195-9/A1, transitions between PMBC waterproofing and concrete
elements made of water impermeable concrete can be waterproofed against standing
seepage water according to DIN 18195-6, section 9 as well as against ground damp
and non-standing seepage water (DIN 18195-4) with polymer modified bituminous
thick coatings (PMBC).
Materials according to DIN 18195-2, Table 6 may be used for the production of transitions to concrete building elements made of water impermeable concrete as long as
they have a National Test Certificate for this special purpose.
See sections 7 and 8.3 in Part A of this guideline for information on suitable substrates
and preparation of the substrate.
When executing the transition of PMBC waterproofing to a floor slab made of water
impermeable concrete, the PMBC waterproofing must be drawn down the face side of
the slab at least 15 cm.
To test thorough drying and adhesion of the applied PMBC waterproofing, the PMBC
should be applied farther down the face side of the slab than the specified 15 cm in
some areas so that destructive testing for thorough drying and adhesion can be carried
out in this area. The result of testing should be documented.
Measures should be taken to ensure that the PMBC waterproofing is sufficiently
protected from mechanical damage and other harmful influences (e.g. weather) after
it has been applied.

Transitions to water impermeable concrete floor slabs

Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6
in conjunction with DIN 18195-9:A1
Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement, minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)
Protective layer according to DIN 18195-10
(e.g. perimeter insulation)

Sealing cove made of PMBC

(radius < 2 cm) if permitted by the
manufacturer or a system-compatible
waterproofing mortar (radius 4-6 cm)

Illustration 17

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

Floor slab made of water impermeable

concrete according to the DAfStb WU
Guideline

> 15 cm

Horizontal waterproofing on the wall base

point with mineral waterproofing grout (MWG)

29

Detail: Walls made of concrete (element wall or in-situ concrete),

wall/floor transition
Water load: Standing seepage water DIN 18195-6 in conjunction
with DIN 18195-9:A1 and water pressure (ground water)
Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement, minimum dry layer
thickness 4 mm)
Protective layer according to DIN 18195-10
(e.g. perimeter insulation)

Sealing cove made of PMBC

(radius 2 cm) if permitted by the manufacturer
or
a system-compatible waterproofing mortar
(radius 4-6 cm)

Illustration 18

> 15 cm

Concrete according to
DIN EN 206

Floor slab made of water impermeable

concrete according to the
DAfStb WU Guideline

8 PROTECTIVE MEASURES AND PROTECTIVE LAYERS

Protective measures are taken to provide temporary protection of the waterproofing
during the construction phase. If they are suitable, they can remain in place, taking on
the function of a protective layer.
Water should not be allowed to act behind the waterproofing since this could disturb
thorough drying and adhesion of the polymer modified bituminous thick coating (see
Part A, section 8.1).
During the construction phase, no loads may act on unprotected waterproofing, e.g.
through building materials, equipment or scaffolding. Horizontal waterproofing should
not be subjected to foot traffic any more than absolutely necessary. If applicable,
special protective measures for the specific object should be planned and executed.
Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings should also be protected during the drying phase, e.g. from intensive sunlight, by taking suitable measure such as hanging
plastic sheets. Until they are dry, they must also be protected from ground water,
rain, standing and surface water. The effect of frost should also be prevented until the
waterproofing has thoroughly dried, e.g. by heating with warm air blowers. The use of
open flames or infrared lamps, however, is not permissible. Bituminous thick coatings
should always be protected from harmful substances such as fuels, lubricants, solvents,
release oils, etc.
Protective layers must permanently protect structural waterproofing from harmful
influences of a static, dynamic and thermal nature. In some cases, they may also have
a further function, e.g. drainage layer.
Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
0the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

The materials used for protective measures and/or protective layers (see Part A, section 4.4) must be compatible with the polymer modified bituminous thick coating.
Protective layers may only be installed after the bituminous thick coating has thoroughly dried. Point and line loads as well as loads that could impair the waterproofing
through compression should be avoided.

30

By taking suitable measures, for example the use of a sliding plane, it should be
ensured that no movements from the ground can be transferred to the waterproofing. Selection of a suitable protective layer depends on the expected loads and local
conditions. The waterproofing should not be damaged when the protective layers are
installed; contaminates on the waterproofing should be carefully removed first.
Horizontal waterproofing with a polymer modified bituminous thick coating, for
example on the sub-layer of concrete, must also be protected by a layer after it has
thoroughly dried. To separate the horizontal waterproofing from the protective layer,
two layers of PE sheets are placed as a sliding plane. When screeds are used as a protective layer, they are placed directly over the PE sheets at least 5 cm thick.
Protective layers on waterproofing above the floor slab can be produced, for example,
as a screed on a parting layer or as a screed on a layer of insulation for the water load
moisture. Movement joints should be continued in the rigid protection layers so that
their capacity to function is not impaired.
Thermally insulating materials (perimeter insulation) as well as drainage layers may
also be used as protective layers provided they are suitable according to DIN 4095.
Care must be taken to ensure that these protective layers do not exert pressure on
the waterproofing at the wall-slab connection. When cementing protective layers to
the substrate, an adhesive must be used that is compatible with the bituminous thick
coating. If perimeter insulation panels are used, additional protective layers may be
necessary. Furthermore, the information given in the proof of usability issued by the
building inspectorate should also be observed.
When removing excavation pit shoring works, for example pulling out planks (sheet
piles), suitable measures should be taken to ensure that the protective layer for the
waterproofing is not moved or damaged.
Relevant guidelines should also be observed when filling the excavated area. The
material used for filling should be placed in layers and carefully compacted so that the
protective layer is not damaged and the load on the walls is not increased. Protective
layers that are connected to the waterproofing should not move when the ground is
being compacted. If necessary, additional protective layers (parting planes) should be
installed.

31

9 REPAIRING WATERPROOFING MADE OF

POLYMER MODIFIED, BITUMINOUS THICK
COATINGS (PMBC)
If areas are missing in the bituminous thick coating or it has been damaged, the waterproofing should be mechanically cleaned; detached edges of damaged areas should be
cut out. The edges of the existing waterproofing are to be overlapped when repairing.
The surface to be repaired is then primed or a bonding layer is applied.
When repairing the waterproofing, the same waterproofing material or a compatible
material should be used. Repairs should be executed in two layers. The first layer is
applied in the same thickness as the adjacent area. After the first layer has dried, the
area being repaired as well as the adjacent area is coated, overlapping at least 10 cm
and feathering out to zero. Make sure that the minimum dry layer thickness given in
section 2, Table 2, is observed.
If the waterproofing was executed with a layer of reinforcement, a layer of reinforcement is bedded, overlapping, into the second layer.

10 QUALITY ASSURANCE TESTING

10.1 Measuring the Thickness of the Layer
Waterproofing measures with polymer modified bituminous thick coatings should be
continuously monitored by measuring the thickness of the wet layer, best done with
a layer thickness gauge. At least 20 measurements per object or 20 measurements
per 100 m should be taken. The individual measuring points should be distributed
diagonally across the surface. In areas with difficult details such as service penetrations, transitions or connections, the number of measuring points should be increased.
If a layer of reinforcement is bedded into the waterproofing, the thickness of the
second layer should be controlled separately. The thickness of each wet layer should
be checked during the coating process. When waterproofing measures according to
DIN 18195-5 and DIN 18195-6 are executed, the results of measuring should be
documented (see section 10.3). This is also recommended when waterproofing according to DIN 18195-4. Testing the thickness of the dry layer on the object can only be
determined in a destructive test and therefore, this test should only be used in justified,
exceptional cases.

10.2 Testing for Thorough Drying

A further measure within the scope of monitoring is testing and documenting thorough
drying of waterproofing made of polymer modified bituminous thick coatings. Since
the drying process depends on weather conditions such as humidity, air temperature
and wind conditions, the time required cannot be reliably predicted. Drying should
therefore be monitored at the building site. Normally, reference samples of the materials used on the wall or floor areas are produced to avoid having to destroy any of the
waterproofing applied to the object.

32

The substrate of the reference samples must correspond to the building element that
is waterproofed. Individual reference samples, e.g. single masonry stones, are coated
in the same manner with the same thick coating at the same time the waterproofing
is applied and stored under the same weather conditions in the bottom area of the
excavation pit. If such reference samples have been produced, wedges can be cut out
and the respective state of drying checked and documented accordingly.
According to DIN 18195, when waterproofing according to parts 5 and 6, the results
of monitoring must be documented. Documentation is urgently recommended for all
waterproofing measures. In Annex 3 of this guideline you will find a Documentation
form that can be used for this purpose.
To test waterproofing made of PMBC in areas that connect to water impermeable concrete building elements, the waterproofing should be led down beyond the 15 cm wide
connecting area in some areas for testing purposes. In these areas, destructive testing
of adhesion and thorough drying can be carried out. As opposed to building elements
made of water impermeable concrete, the connection of PMBC waterproofing to floor
slabs is executed only 10 cm wide.

10.3 Documentation
The details of the waterproofing monitored at the building site should be documented
for quality assurance purposes. Records of measurements, check lists and similar
should be used to provide clear and orderly documentation (see Annex 3).

33

ANNEX 1:

WATEPRROOFING WITH PMBC BEYOND DIN 18195

This annex deals with types of waterproofing that are not covered by DIN 18195.
Waterproofing with PMBC against water pressure is governed by the building inspectorate in Germany. Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings that are used for this
application must have a National Technical Certificate that covers the respective range
of use. The following types of waterproofing will be dealt with in the following:
Waterproofing with PMBC against external water pressure
Notes on waterproofing floor areas with ground contact using PMBC
Notes on connections of PMBC to horizontal waterproofing made of waterproofing
grouts in or beneath walls

1 NOTES ON CONTRACTUAL AGREEMENTS

It is also possible, of course, to select other construction methods and materials for
executing construction than those stipulated by the generally recognised state of the
art or the relevant DIN standards.
However, the contractor must explain to the client that what he has selected deviates
from the corresponding rules. When explaining this to the client, all of the advantages
and disadvantages of the method and the materials selected must also be explained.
It should be expressly pointed out that this deviates from the corresponding rule or
standard and it is essential that the client clearly understands this.
These facts explained in writing should be a part of the offer and signed by the client
as confirmation that he understands this.
The text in an order should contain the following sentence:
The client confirms that the contractor has explained in detail the deviation of the
offered method of execution from the recognised state of the art. The client further confirms that he understands this completely and waivers all warranty claims in conjunction with production that deviates from the state of the art. Warranty claims concerning
the serviceability of the proposed construction method and the proposed waterproofing
system as well as proper execution of the works as such remain in effect.
As an alternative, this record of confirmation may be drafted separately but should also
be signed by the client.
Should the client sign the order after the contractor has explained everything in detail,
the works and/or building materials that deviate from the recognised state of the art
can be taken up into the contract for the works. With proof of this clarification, the
client can no longer claim that the contractor deviated from the recognised state of
the art, is therefore responsible for the defect, and must redo the entire works.

34

The contractor is, however, fully responsible for the serviceability of the proposed
material, the proposed construction method and proper execution of the work.
If the owner of the building has called in a planner and a material that does not comply
with DIN is specified in the Bill of Quantities or the plan, it is the responsibility of the
contractor to inform the client of his misgivings.
If it can be proved that the client insisted on these specifications, the contractor cannot be blamed later for having deviated from the recognised state of art.
This should also be recorded in writing in the offer confirmation or in a separate record
and signed by the client.

2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
All of the general information given in Part A and Part B of this guideline is applicable.
For quality assurance purposes, the results of monitoring the waterproofing at the construction site should be documented. Records of measurements, check lists and similar
should be used to provide clear and orderly documentation (see Annex 3).

3 RANGE OF USE
PMBC can be used for the following application areas beyond DIN 18195:

3.1 Waterproofing with PMBC against external water pressure

for a foundation up to 3 m below ground level
3.1.1 Water load
When using PMBC for water pressure loads in the sense of this guideline, the foundation depth is limited to 3 m below ground level. If the foundation is deeper, special
measures must be taken.
3.1.2 Application
The PMBC must be applied in at least 2 working operations. After the first layer has
been applied, a layer of reinforcement is bedded in the PMBC. The first layer of waterproofing must be allowed to dry sufficiently so that it will not be damaged when the
second layer is applied. The minimum dry layer thickness is 4 mm.

35

3.2 Waterproofing cross joints and construction joints as well

as movement joints and joints between walls separating
buildings on a continuous slab in water impermeable concrete
building elements
A pre-fab element cross joint is a joint between two adjoining pre-fab elements made
of water impermeable concrete or one pre-fab element and a building element placed
in-situ made of water impermeable concrete. As a rule, cross joints are closed with
mortar.
3.2.1 Water load
Waterproofing construction joints between building elements made of water impermeable concrete with a max. opening width up to 0.25 mm (alternative: for waterproofing
nominal crack cross-sections with a max. opening width up to 0.5 mm) against: Ground
damp as well as against moisture, temporary standing seepage water and water pressure up to max. 0.3 bar (3 m immersion depth). The waterproofing is also suitable for
water exchange zones. This waterproofing meets the requirements for utilisation class
A for load classes 1 and 2 according to the DAfStb WU Guideline.
3.2.2 Application
Preliminary work is carried out on these building elements as described in Part A, section 8.1 and 8.3 at least 15 cm wide along both sides of the joint in the area being
waterproofed. A layer of the bituminous thick coating is then applied to this area.
Afterward, a layer of reinforcement is bedded into the coating. The second layer of
waterproofing is applied after the first layer has sufficiently dried and will not be
damaged when worked over. The minimum dry layer thickness must be at least 4 mm.
Instead of a layer of reinforcement, a system compatible, plastic or elastomer water
stop with a laminated layer of fabric at least 200 mm wide can be worked into the
thick coating. The layers of reinforcement fabric or the water stop are overlapped
where joints cross.

Penetration through an exterior basement wall with an adhesive flange

(not covered by DIN 18195)

Polymer modified bituminous thick coating (PMBC)

(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement,
minimum dry layer thickness 4 mm)
Squeeze type gasket
Pipe
Adhesive flange

Illustration 19

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
0the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

> 15 cm

Water load: Standing seepage water

DIN 18195-6 and water pressure (ground water)

36

Waterproofing a cross joint and a joint between walls separating

buildings on a continuous, water impermeable floor slab with pre-fab
elements made of water impermeable concrete
Water load: Ground damp/non-standing seepage water DIN 18195-4
Water impermeable, pre-fab
concrete element

Bituminous thick coating (PMBC)

(2 layers with a layer of reinforcement)

> 15 cm

Joint between walls

separating buildings
System compatible
water stop
Bituminous thick coating (PMBC)
(2 layers)

Overlapping layer of reinforcement

water stop
Cross joint closed
with mortar
Illustration 20

Floor slab made of

water impermeable concrete

3.3 Notes on Waterproofing Floor Areas with Ground Contact

Using PMBC
3.3.1 Water load
The water load on floor areas with ground contact is moisture, heavy load.
3.3.2 Application
The PMBC must be applied in at least 2 working operations. After the first working
operation, a layer of reinforcement is placed. After the first layer of waterproofing
has sufficiently dried and will not be damaged when worked over, the second layer of
waterproofing is applied. The minimum dry layer thickness is 4 mm.
Details for planning and executing depend on the individual case and are therefore not
dealt with in detail within the scope of these notes.

3.4 Connection of PMBC to Horizontal Waterproofing Made of

Mineral Waterproofing Grouts (MWG) under Walls
Crack-bridging mineral waterproofing grouts as well as mineral waterproofing grouts
that do not bridge cracks (MWG) are suitable for use as horizontal waterproofing
beneath walls in accordance with DIN 18195-4, section 7.2.
When waterproofing grouts are used, horizontal forces may be transferred to the
masonry. The PMBC waterproofing must be led to the horizontal waterproofing in or
beneath the walls made of waterproofing grout over its entire length or be connected
with the horizontal waterproofing in such a manner that no moisture bridges can
occur, especially in areas with rendered surfaces.

Note:
This is a schematic diagram showing
the location of the waterproofing.
Depending on intended utilisation,
additional layers of insulation may be
required, for example.

37

ANNEX 2:

QUOTED AND JOINTLY VALID STANDARDS,

REGULATIONS AND CODES OF PRACTICE
DAfStb-Richtlinie Wasserundurchlssige Bauwerke aus Beton (WU-Richtlinie),
Teil 1: Begriffe und allgemeine Regeln
DAfStb-Richtlinie Wasserundurchlssige Bauwerke aus Beton (WU-Richtlinie),
Teil 2: Ergnzende Regeln fr den Wohnungs- und Wirtschaftsbau
DIN 1053 Mauerwerk
DIN 4095 Baugrund: Drnung zum Schutz baulicher Anlagen
ATV DIN 18336 Abdichtungsarbeiten
DIN EN 998-1 Putzmrtel
DIN V 18550 Putz und Putzsysteme - Ausfhrung
DIN 18195 Bauwerksabdichtungen
DGFM-Merkblatt Abdichtung von erdberhrtem Mauerwerk
Berufsgenossenschaftliche Vorschriften
Richtlinie fr die Planung und Ausfhrung von Abdichtungen erdberhrter
Bauteile mit flexiblen Dichtungsschlmmen
Richtlinie fr die Planung und Ausfhrung von Abdichtungen von
Bauteilen mit mineralischen Dichtungsschlmmen
WTA-Merkblatt Nachtrgliche Abdichtung erdberhrter Bauteile
BEB-Merkblatt Hinweise zum Einsatz alternativer Abdichtungen
unter Estrichen
ZDB-Merkblatt Hinweise fr die Ausfhrung von Verbundabdichtungen mit Bekleidungen und Belgen aus Fliesen und Platten fr den Innen- und Auenbereich
ZDB-Merkblatt Hinweise fr Planung und Ausfhrung keramischer Belge im
Schwimmbadbau

38

ANNEX 3:
Record of execution

Object data

DOCUMENTATION FORM
For the production of waterproofing with polymer modified bituminous thick coatings
(PMBC)
Executing company
Installer/employee
Building project
Client
Date

Weather

Daily Report No.

Air temperature: C

Substrate temperature: C

Humidity: in %

rainy

sunny

cloudy

Progress in construction

Basement walls

basement floor

ground
storey floor

roof

Soil

Permeable
(e.g. gravel/sand)

less permeable
(e.g. clay/loam)

water management
system

Drainage according to DIN 4095

Exists

planned accord.
to Bill of Quant.

non accord.
to Bill of Quant.

Water load

Ground damp/
non-standing seepage water

Ground water *

Standing seepage water

moisture,
moderate load
moisture,
heavy load *

* Note: For this load, DIN 18 195-5 and 6 does not allow bituminous thick coatings. In accordance with VOB, part C, and
DIN 18 336, an agreement must be made for waterproofing with thick coatings. The client must be expressly informed of
the deviation to DIN 18 195 (in writing).

Substrate

Masonry smooth

porous aggregates

profiled

Age of concrete/days

rendered surface

other

Surfaces cleaned

Indentations > 5 mm
closed with mortar

Foundation projection/
face side cleaned

Thin render produced

Edges bevelled

Scratch coat, pipes filled

Projecting horizontal barrier

removed

Protection against the action

of water from behind

Preparation of the substrate

Primer

Designation of product:

Quantity used

Thinner:

Sealing cove

Surface waterproofing

Made of bituminous
thick coating

Produced on:
made of mortar

Produced on:

Thick coating used:

Layer of reinforcement

1st layer applied on:

2nd layer applied on:

Required wet layer thickness:

App. rate per container:

yes

no

39

Protective layer

Drainage layer
(vertical drainage)

Protective board used:

cemented

If applicable, adhesive used:

installed on:

Drainage board used:

yes

no

cemented

yes

no

cemented

yes

no

Drainage mat used:

Perimeter insulation

Insulation panels used:

full surface
If applicable, adhesive used:

Test for thorough drying

point-cemented

Reference sample produced on:

Reference sample checked
for thorough drying

1st date:

thoroughly dry

yes

no

2nd date:

thoroughly dry

yes

no

3rd date:

thoroughly dry

yes

no

4th date:

thoroughly dry

yes

no

5th date:

thoroughly dry

yes

no

Note: For subsequent tests on the object, the dry layer thickness can be determined by the wedge cut method.

Test for wet layer thickness

Measurement of
wet layer thickness

For waterproofing according to DIN 18195-5 and 6, layer thickness controls as well as
thorough drying must be documented.
(At least 20 measurements per object or 20 measurements per 100 m)
1st layer
Measurement No. 1
Measurement No. 2
Measurement No. 3
Measurement No. 4
Measurement No. 5
Measurement No. 6
Measurement No. 7
Measurement No. 8
Measurement No. 9
Measurement No. 10
Measurement No. 11
Measurement No. 12
Measurement No. 13
Measurement No. 14
Measurement No. 15
Measurement No. 16
Measurement No. 17
Measurement No. 18
Measurement No. 19
Measurement No. 20

2nd layer

3rd layer

Presented with best regards by:

Deutsche Bauchemie e. V.
Mainzer Landstrasse 55
60329 Frankfurt am Main
Germany
Phone + 49 69 2556 - 1318
Fax
+ 49 69 2556 - 1319
www.deutsche-bauchemie.de