WelcometoBediniTechnology

WeatBediniTechnology,Inc.havedevelopedenergysystemsformanyyears,sincethe
early1970's.Wehaveopenlysharedmanyofthesediscoveriesonthepagesofthiswebsite
sincethebeginningoftheinternet.Duetorecentevents,itisbecomingincreasinglyclear
thatagrowingnumberofpeopleareusingideasfromthiswebsite,andinfringingonmy
patentswithouteventhecourtesyofgivingmecredit.

WewillexplaintheBTInegativeresistorprocessfortakingextraenergyfromthevacuum.Forsimplicity,
theprocesswillbeproducedinacommonleadacidstoragebattery.Firstwewillexplainthenecessary
backgroundtounderstandthisprocess.

Anopenthermodynamicsystemsuchasawindmillreceivesenergyfromitsactiveenvironment.Sucha
systemcanchangeitsownpotentialenergyasmorewindenergyisreceived.Itcanalsopoweritselfanda
loadsuchasapumptoprovidewater.

Theopensystemcanreorderitself.Itcanselfoscillateorselfrotate.Itcanoutputmoreenergythanthe
operatorinputs,becausetheenvironmentfurnishesextraenergy.Likethewindmill,itcanpoweritselfand
itsloadsimultaneously.Itexhibitswhatiscallednegentropy.Thatis,itincreasesitsenergyasit
receivesmoreenergyfromitsenvironment.Forexample,thewindmillincreasesitsenergyasthewind
blowsmorestrongly.

Torelatetoelectricalsystems,wecanregardthewindmillasanegativeresistorsinceitacceptsunusable
windenergyfromtheenvironmentandtransformsittoshafthorsepowertopowertheload(thepump).In
otherwords,anegativeresistorreceivesenergyfromtheenvironmentinaformnotusablebytheworking
load.Ittransducerstheenergyintousableformbyreorderingit,andthenfurnishestheusableenergyto
theloadtopoweritanddoworkforus.

Forover100years,conventionalelectricalsystemshavebeendesignedasequilibriumsystems.Theyare
symmetricalwiththeiractivevacuumenvironment.Theygiverightbacktothevacuumanyenergythey
receivefromit.Withthosesystemswehavetoputinalltheenergywegetoutanduse.Wemustalsoinput
someadditionalenergytocoverlossesinthesystem.Theratioofoutputtoinputislessthanone.Wesay
thatthesesystemshaveacoefficientofperformanceorCOPlessthanone.Wealsorefertothemas
underunitysystems.

Nearly50yearsago,particlephysicistsdiscoveredthatthesymmetryofanelectricalsystemwiththeactive
vacuumcanbebroken.Soasortofwindmillelectricalsystem,inavacuumenergywind,ispermitted.
Suchasystemwouldbepoweredbyvacuumenergy.Wuandhiscolleagues,andLeeaswell,received
NobelPrizesforthisandrelatedwork.PrigoginelaterreceivedaNobelPrizeforhiscontributionstosuch
systems.However,electricalengineersstilldesignpowersystemswitha136yearoldEMtheorywhichhas
notbeenchanged.Thetheorydoesnotincludeextractingandusingelectricalenergyfromtheactive
vacuum.Ourengineerscontinuetodesignpowersystemstheoldway.

Anydipoleisabrokensymmetryinthevacuumenergyflux.Sothecommondipolesimplyseparating
positiveandnegativechargesprovidesanegativeresistor.Thepotential(i.e.,voltage)betweenthetwo
endsisanovelenergyflowcirculation,asshownbyWhittakerin1903.Energyfromthevacuuminthe
complexplaneorwhattheengineercallsreactivepoweriscontinuallyabsorbedbythechargesonthe
endsofthedipole.Thechargestransducetheabsorbedreactivepowerisintorealelectricalpower,which
thenpoursoutfromthedipoleinalldirections.Thisgushingenergyfromthevacuumwillcontinuewhile
thedipolelasts.Weonlyhavetopayonce,forinitiallymakingthedipole.Forexample,dipolesin
ordinarymatterhavebeenpouringoutenergyextractedfromthevacuum,forsome15billionyears.

Batteriesandgeneratorsdonotpowertheirattachedcircuits!Theyexpendtheiravailableinternalenergy
(shaftenergyinputtothegenerator,andchemicalenergyinthebattery)toforcetheirowninternalcharges
apart,makingasourcedipole.ThatisALLthatbatteriesandgeneratorsdo.Theydonotplaceasinglewatt
ofpowerontheexternalcircuit,nordotheypoweranyload.Instead,fromWhittakersworkin1903,the
dipolereceivesvacuumenergy(reactivepower),transducesitintorealpower,andcontinuouslypoursout
thatenergyalongthecircuit,fillingallspace.Thecircuitinterceptsatinybitofthatenergyflow,and
powerstheload.Everyelectricalloadandcircuitispoweredbyelectricalenergyextractedfromthe
vacuum.Allelectricalloadsarepoweredbyvacuumenergytoday.

Allthehydrocarbonseverburned,allthefuelrodseverused,allthedamseverbuilttoturngenerator
shafts,etc.havenotaddedasinglewatttothepowerline.Allthatenormousefforthasdonenothingbut
makepowersystemdipoles.Sadly,ourengineershavealwaysmadesystemssotheykillthedipolefaster
thantheycanpowertheirloads.Sowiththesearchaicsystemswehavetocontinuetoburnfuel,build
nuclearpowerplants,etc.justtoremakethedipolesoursystemscontinuallydestroy.Simplyput,thatis
notthewaytoruntherailroad.
TheBediniprocessrepeatedlyproducesanegativeresistorinsideabatteryorotherenergystoragedevice
forfree,ornearlyso.Oncethenegativeresistorismomentarilyestablished,ablastofenergyleapsfrom
thevacuumontothechargesinthebatteryandontothechargesinthecircuit,whichareflashchargedwith

excessenergy.Thebatteryisrechargedandtheloadispoweredsimultaneously.

TheBediniprocessrepeatedlyproducesanegativeresistorinsideabatteryorotherenergystoragedevice
forfree,ornearlyso.Oncethenegativeresistorismomentarilyestablished,theenergyleapsfromthe
vacuumontothebattery,whicharechargedwithexcessenergy.Thebatteryisrechargedandtheloadis
poweredsimultaneously.

Atypicalsystemapproachistopowerthesystemfromonebattery,whileasecondbatteryorgroupofthem
isonchargefromthenegativeresistorprocess.Thenthepoweringbatteryisswitchedandtheload
poweredfromanotherone,sothattheoriginalbatterycanbechargedveryrapidly.

Iterationkeepsallbatterieschargedwhilecontinuingtofullypowertheload.AtypicalDCoutputmaybe
convertedintostandardACinanordinaryDCtoACconverter,e.g.topoweroneshome.TheBedini
processwillgivebirthtoverydifferent,decentralizedelectricalpowersystemstakingtheirelectricalenergy
directlyfromthelocalactivevacuum.

Weillustratetheenormousamountofenergythatanydipoleactuallyconvertsfromthevacuumand
outputs.Hereisoneoftheconductors(wires)attachedtooneterminalofageneratororbattery.Alarge
waveflowsurroundsthewire,outtoaninfiniteradialdistance.Thisshowstheenormousenergyflowthat
ispouringoutoftheterminals.ThisisrealEMpower.Ascanbeseen,mostofitmissesthecircuitentirely
andisjustwasted.Inthewire,weseethefreeelectronsbouncingaround,comingtothesurface,and
interceptingatinybitofthepassingenergyflowmuchlikeplacingyourhandoutofthewindowofa
movingcaranddivertingsomeofthepassingairflowintotheinterior.Inthiswire,onlythattiny,tinybitof
energyflowdeflectedintothewireisusedtopowertheelectrons,producecurrent,andpowerthecircuit.
Asyoucansee,everycircuithasalwaysbeenpoweredbythelittlebititisabletocatchfromanenormous
passingenergyflow.Theentirelargeenergyflowisextractedfromthevacuumbythesourcedipoleand
pouredoutoftheterminals.

Inthisanimationweshowhowtheenergyisreceivedbythedipolefromthevacuumasreactivepower.The
chargesthentransformtheirabsorbedenergyintorealusablepowerandpouritoutprofusely.An
enormousflowofrealEMenergyresults.Wemustnowhaveacircuitwhichinterceptsandcollectssomeof
thathuge,gushingenergyflow,anddissipatesthecollectedenergyinloads.Ascanbeseen,ifwemake
thedipolestronger,weincreasetheenergyflow.Ifwediminishanddestroythedipole,wediminishand
thendestroythegushingEMenergyfromthevacuum.Sothenwemustpaytorestorethedipole.

ThisanimationshowshowtheBediniprocessinabatteryformsanegativeresistor,whichextractsand
furnishesvacuumenergy.Theelectroncurrentcanonlymovebetweentheoutsideoftheplatesoutinto
andthroughtheexternalcircuit.Betweentheplates,averyheavyleadioncurrentsluggishlymoves.A
pulseofelectronspilesimmediatelyupontheedgeoftheplates,tryingtopushtheleadionsincharging
mode.

Theionsmoveveryslowly,sothatelectronscontinuetopileup.Thedensityoftheelectronpileup
producesasuddenlargepotentialadipolarity.Asweshowed,thisdipolarityproducesasuddenblastof
muchincreasedEMenergyflowacrosstheions,addingmuchgreaterenergytothem.Atthesametime,the

blastofEMenergyalsotravelsoutintotheexternalcircuit,drivingtheelectronstopowertheload.Inshort,
momentarilythis12voltcircuithasbeenfreelyconvertedtoa100voltcircuit.Itsavailablepowerhasbeen
increasedbyafactorof8ormore.

Asthepulseofelectronpileuppotentialiscutoff,thewellknownLenzlawreactionisevoked.This
momentarilysqueezestheelectronpileupevenmore,suddenlyraisingthevoltageto400volts.Thisfurther
increasestheavailablepowerbyanadditionalfactorof4ormore.Sothecircuitnowhassome32ormore
timesasmuchpowerasitinitiallyhadfromthebatteryalone.Thecollectionoftheexcessenergyfromthe
chargingoftheoverpotentialoccursontheionschargingthebattery,andalsoontheexternalcircuit
electronspoweringtheload.Thesystemhasbeenblastedopenandisreceivingagreatsurgeofenergy
fromthevacuum.Itreceivesthisexcessenergyfromthedipoleactingasatruenegativeresistor.Asan
analogy,wehaveconvertedthesystemintoasortofwindmillandtriggeredthevacuumintoprovidinga
verypowerfulsetofwindblaststopowerthewindmill.

ThisanimationshowstheoperationofatypicalBedinipowersystemdrivingarotarymotor(center)and
chargingabankofbatteries(top)fromabattery(leftside).Thenegativeresistorprocess(shownbythe
bubbles)inthebatteryattheleftiscontinuallytriggered.Theenergyisusedtofurthertriggerthe
negativeresistorprocessineachbatteryinthebankatthetop.AnACtoDCinverterisconnectedtothe
batterybank,sothatstandardACpowerisoutputtothenormalelectricalwiringsystemofthehouse,office,
etc.Ascanbeseen,thebatteryandchargingsystemsareusedtoextractexcessenergyfromthevacuum,
convertittousableDCform,andcollectit.ThentheconverterchangesittoproperACformtopowerthe
houseAC,whilesimultaneouslythemotorisbeingpowered.Inaddition,theprecisetimingandswitching
forthechargingofthesystemwithvacuumenergyismechanicallybuiltintoamotorsystem.

Thisanimationshowshowthemotor/timer/switchercanbearrangedinbankstodramaticallyincreasethe
shafthorsepower.Atthesametime,additionalbanksofbatteriesorotheraccumulatorscanbecontinually
charged,sothatanentireneighborhoodoralargeofficebuildingcanbepoweredbythesystemslargerAC
converternotshown.Theoutputcanpoweranyshafthorsepowerloadrequired.Inthefuture,an

adaptationofthisapproachcanpowertransportvehiclessuchasautomobiles,trucks,trains,boats,etc.

ThisautomationshowsatypicalhomewithaninstalledBedinipowersystem.Herethebatteriesareutilized
asnegativeresistorsandaccumulators.AstandardDCtoACconverterisalsopowered,sothatstandard
ACpowerisfurnishedtothemainpowerpanelofthehome.Alltheusualhomeappliancesandloadsare
poweredinnormalfashion.Thishomeisimmunetopoweroutagesfromstorms,blowntransformers,
substationfailures,brownouts,orblackouts.Everythingispoweredbyelectricalenergyobtaineddirectly
fromtheactivevacuum.

InthissegmentweshowanactuallabtestmodelthatdemonstratestheprinciplesoftheBediniprocess.
Themainbatteryishere(point)andyoucanseethemotorhere.Themotorisdoingworkbyoperatingafan
bladeandpumpingair.Accumulatorsarelocatedhere(point)inwhichenergyfromtheproprietaryBedini
transformer(point)isbeingcumulativelycollectedeighttimesforeachrevolution.Onceperrevolution,
preciseswitching(point)dischargingoftheaccumulatortransformerintothesecondarybattery(point)to
chargeit.Inthisarrangement,weshowproofofprinciplebycontinuouslydoingwork(pumpingair)while
continuouslykeepingthesecondarybatterycharged.Periodicallythebatteriesareswitchedandtheformer
primarybatteryischarged.Theexcessenergycomesdirectlyfromtheactivevacuum,throughthenegative
resistorinthebatterycreatedbytheBediniprocess.Inaddition,wearedemonstratingadditionalenergy
beingobtainedfromexcesscollectioninthetransformer(point)eighttimesperrotation,andfedintothe
batteryonceperrevolutiontorechargethesecondarybattery.Anotherprincipleshownbythissystemisthe
superpolarityofthemagneticmotor(point).Themagnetsallhavenorthpolespointingoutward.The
compressionandrepulsioninthemiddleofanytwopolescreatesanorthpolewhosefieldstrengthis
severaltimeslargerthanthefieldstrengthfromeachmagnet.Thuswehaveformedeightphantompoles,
todramaticallyincreasethefieldenergydensityinthemagneticfieldwherethespecialtransformer(point)
collectsadditionalenergy(fromthesuperpolefluxcuttingoneofthecoils,eighttimesperrevolutionofthe
rotor.Theenergyiscollectedinaaccumulatortransformer(point)andonceperrevolutionitchargesthe
secondarybattery.Thesystemdemonstratesthatthevacuumenergycanbecollectedinseveralplacesand
indifferentways,collectedinaproprietaryaccumulatortransformer,andthenusedtoverypowerfullyform
asuddennegativeresistorinthebattery(point).

Thischargesthebatterywithadditionalenergyfromthevacuumaspreviouslyexplained.
Theelectricalenergyneedsoftheworldareincreasingexponentially.Atthesametime,theworldsoil
suppliesarepeakingandwillbegraduallydecreasing,whilebecomingevermoreexpensivetoobtain.The
easilyforeseeableresultisfirstaworldenergycrisis,nowlooming,followedbyaworldeconomiccrisisas
pricesoftransportation,goods,etc.increases.TheBediniNegativeresistorprocesscanresolvethiscrisis
thatiscominguponus.WithBedinisystemsandtechnology,theincreasingneedforoilcanbeblunted
andcontrolled,sothattheeconomylevelsoffwhileatthesametimeadditionalelectricalpowerisprovided
asneeded.

TheBTIprocessesandsystemsposenothreattotheenvironment.Bybluntingandlevelinghydrocarbon
combustiontoproducetheincreasingelectricalpowerneeded,theseBTIsystemswilldramaticallyreduce
theenvironmentalpollutionanddamagethatwouldotherwiseoccur.Theprocessesproduceclean
electricalpower,donotrequirerivers,specialconditionsforwindmillsandsolarcells,hydrocarbon
combustion,ornuclearfuelrodconsumption.TheBTIsystemscanbeplacedanywhereonearth,beneath
theearth,inspace,orundertheoceanssurface.Theywillprovideclean,cheapelectricalenergyanywhere,
anytime,everywhere,andeverytimewithnodetrimentalimpacttotheenvironment.Inaddition,their
naturaldecentralizationeliminatesfailureofentirepowergridsorlargesectionsofit,whetherthecauseis
naturalormanmade
BTIiscurrentlyworkingonadditionaldesignsthatwillproducemorepowerondemandandquiteflexibly.
Thesesystemsareadaptabletoalmostanyelectricalpowersystemapplication,frompumpingwater,
poweringhighspeedturbines,etc.Thepotentialforreplacingalmosteveryinefficientelectricalmotorwith
regenerativesystemsisobvious.MostindustrialandconsumerapplicationscanbemetbyBedinisystems,
moreeconomically,cleaner,cheaper,andfarmoreefficiently.Comparedtoothersystems,aBTIpower
systemwillalwaysuselessandproducemoreinthesameapplication,anddoitcleanlyandwithout
pollution.
ThecompanyhasbeengrantedpatentprotectionandtheBediniprocessesarepatented.Worldwide
protectionisinprocessandwillbediligentlymaintainedduringthepatentprocess.BTIwillalsobefiling
manyadditionalpatentsasthetechnologyfurtherdevelopstoextendandcomplementthetwoprocesses.

YouhavewitnessedwhatweatBTIbelievetobethedawnofarevolutionarynewageofefficientandclean
electricpower.Producingenergyatafractionofitspresentcost,dependablyandreliably,anddoingit
easilyandanywhere,willrevolutionizethepresentsystemswiththeirwastesandpollution.TheBTIpower
systemswillprovideaneverendingsourceforelectricalpowerandenergysodesperatelyneededbyallthe
peoplesandnationsoftheearth.Providingandmaintainingasecure,safe,cleanfutureofplentiful
electricalpowerisourgoalandhopefullyyoursaswell.

KeepTheLightsOn
WeatBediniTechnology,Inc.wishestothankyouforviewingourscrollingpresentation.Pleaseviewour
mainpageforfurtherinformation.

TheTomBeardenFreeEnergyCollectorPrinciple
Inthepaper"TheFinalSecretofFreeEnergy"wroteinFebruary9,1993,TomBearden
hasdescribedtheprincipleofadevicewhichseemsabletotapFreeEnergyfromthe
energyflow(thePoyntingSFlow)inthevaccumduringtheshorttransientphase(the
relaxationtimeinaconductor)whenasourceisconnectedtoaresistiveload.Inthis
paper,Iamtryingtoclarifyabit,thebasicconceptofthisprinciple.
TomBeardenclaimsthatwhenaSource(adipole)isconnectedtoaresistiveload,the
mostimportantpartoftheprincipleistheinformationtransferedtotheloadatthespeed
oflightbytheSFlow.TheSFlowispureEMenergywhichflowsthroughthespaceand
outsidetheconductor.ThisenergyisFreeandonlythispartmustbeusedasa"free
lunch".Justafterthisveryshorttime,afterthattheswitchisclosed(thetransient
phase),thecurrentbeginstoflowinthecircuit.Thistransientphaseisnamedthe
RelaxationTime.Incopper,therelaxationtimeisincrediblyrapid,it'sabout1.5x1019
sec.Whenthecurrentflows(thepermanentphase),thecircuitconsumespowerfrom
theSourceanddissipatesenergybyJoule'sEffet,thisphasemustnotbeusedinour
case.
So,accordingtoTomBearden,fortappingFreeEnergy,thepurposeistochargea"
Collector"duringitsrelaxationtimeandthen,toswitchthisCollectortoacommon
resistiveload,justbeforethattheelectronsbegintoflowinthecircuit.
<<WetooksometrappedEMenergydensity(achunkofpotentialgradient,a"voltage"before
currentflows)fromthesource,byswitchingthatpotentialgradient(energydensity,whichis
joulespercoulomb)ontoacollector(containingacertainnumberofcoulombsoftrapped
charges)wherethepotentialgradientactivates/potentializes/couplestothesetemporarilynon
translatingelectrons.Sothefinitecollectorcollectedafiniteamountofexcessenergy
[joules/coulombxcollecting(trapped)coulombs]onitsnowexcited(activated)freeelectrons.
Then,beforeanycurrenthasyetflowedfromthesource,weswitchedthatpotentialized
collector(withitstemporarilyrestrainedbutpotentializedelectronswiththeirfiniteamountof
excesstrappedEMenergy)awayfromthesourceanddirectlyacrosstheload.Shortly
thereafter,therelaxationtimeinthecollectorexpires.Thepotentializedelectronsinthe
collectorarefreedtomoveintheexternalloadcircuit,consistingofthecollectorandtheload,
andsotheydoso.>>hassaidTomBearden.
FortheCollectoritisnecessarytouseaconductivematerialwhichhasalonger
relaxationtimethaninthecopper.Thisisonlyfortheelectroniccircuitdesignandthe
limitationofitscomponents.So,TomBeardenhasused"aDegenerateSemiconductor
"whichhasarelaxationtimeofabout1ms.TheCollectorismadewith98%Aluminum
and2%Iron.
<<Degeneratesemiconductor:
AheavilydopedsemiconductorinwhichtheFermilevelislocatedineitherthevalence
bandortheconductionband(seeenergyband)causingthematerialtobehaveasa
metal.>>(Source : XRefer : A Dictionary of Science, Oxford University Press )
<<Relaxationtime:
Aconductorcontainslargenumberoflooselyboundelectronswhichwecallfree
electronsorconductionelectrons.Theremainingmaterialiscollectionofheavypositive
ionscalledlattice.Theseionskeepsonvibratingabouttheirmeanpositions.Theaverage
amplitudeofvibrationdependsupontemperature.Occasionally,afreeelectroncollides
interactsinsomeotherfashionwiththelattice.Thespeedanddirectionofelectron

changesrandomlyateachsuchevent.Asaresultelectronsmovesinazigzag
path....Theaveragetimebetweentwosuccessivecollisionsinaconductoriscalledthe
relaxationtime.(seeat:http://www.schooljunction.com/current.htm)>>
TheBearden'sCollectorischargedbyusingaStepwiseChargingmethodwitharamp
voltagegenerator,thisiscommonlyusedinhighefficiencyandlowpowerconsumption
CMOSsystemswhichuseanAdiabaticChargingmethod(seeChargeRecycling
ClockingforAdiatbaticStyleLogicbyLunsTee,LizhenZheng).WiththisStepwise
ChargingmethodveryfewenergyisrequiredforchargingtheCollector.IftheCollector
isacommoncapacitortheefficiencyisnearlycloseto100%.WiththeBearden's
Collector,thismethodisusedonlyfortransferingthepotential.Therampdurationof
thevoltagemustbelessthantherelaxationtimeoftheCollectorused.So,thereisno
currentflowinthecircuit(dQ/dt~0)duringthechargingsequence.WhentheCollector
isfullycharged,allthefreeelectronsare"potentialized",theyhavetheirownkinetic
energygainedbythepotentialonlyproducedbytheSFlow.Thenextstepistouse
these"potentializedelectrons"byswitchingthecircuitontheLoad,now,theCollector
actsasaFreeSourceofEnergy,itactsasadipoleenergizedbyonlytheSFlowofthe
originalsource(V1inthediagrambelow).....

(ThisdiagramhasbeenupdatedonJuly11,2001accordingtothelatestcommentsfromTomBearden(seebelow
))

Ihopethat,withthisshortdescription,IhavebeenabletoclarifyabittheTom
Bearden's"FinalSecretofFreeEnergy".Now,onlyarealworkingdevicewillproveif
hisclaimcanbemorethanasimpleoverunitydream...

Sourcedocuments:
TheFinalSecretofFreeEnergybyTomBearden

ThomasBeardenAnswersJerryDeckeronFreeEnergy
Jerry,
Ionlyhavetimeeverysomanyweekstotrytoanswersuchquestions.
I'lltakesometimetotrytogiveyouacompleteanswer,butdonotwishto
enterintoprotracteddiscussionsetc.I'monaveryreducedschedule
anyway,becauseoftheillness,andsoonlyhavealittletimetospareat
infrequentintervals.
Youwillneverhavetheanswertothetruenegativeresistorproblemor
understandit,untilyoureadthephysicsliteratureandstudysomething
besidestandardclassicalelectrodynamicsandelectricalengineering.
ThosedisciplinesandmodelscompletelyforbidanyCOP>1.0system,andanytrue
negativeresistorisaCOP=infinitysystem.SOWHATMUSTBECHANGEDOR
MODIFIEDINTHOSEEMANDEEMODELS,IFONEISTOEVENHAVEACOP>1.0
SYSTEMATALL?Anyonewhoisnotstrugglingwiththatproblem,hasnobusinesscalling
himselfinthe"freeenergyfield".He'snot.He'sautomatically
inthe"Well,it'snotinconventionalEE,soIcan'tunderstandit"
field.EEisbasedonaveryarchaicandseriouslyflawedEMmodelthatdoesnot
permitCOP>1.0circuitsandsystems.Muchbetterelectrodynamicsmodels
havelongbeenavailableinparticlephysicsforthesimplereasonthat
thestandardEEdoesnotadequatelydescribenature.
Theanswertomanyofyourquestionsandspeculationsarealreadytherein
particlephysics,andhavebeenforalongtime.Butonehastoreadthe
physicsliterature.Sadly,mostofthe"freeenergy"communitywillnot
readtheliterature,willnotgolookupandreadacitedreferenceor
quotation,etc.andtrytounderstandit.Sothereexistsa"mindset"in
thefreeenergycommunity,whichlargelyregurgitatesclassical
electrodynamicsandstandardelectricalengineering,BOTHMODELSofwhich
specificallyprohibitCOP>1.0EMsystemsinthefirstplace!Asan
example,todoCOP>1.0inanEMcircuit,thatcircuithastoviolatethe
secondlawofthermodynamics.Whereisthediscussioninthe"free
energy"communityaboutthat,andhowtodoit?Further,ithastoviolatethe
standardclosedcurrentloopcircuit,andithastoviolatethearbitrary
LorentzsymmetricalregaugingoftheMaxwellHeavisideequations.Where
arethefruitfuldiscussionsofthemethodsfordoingthosetwothings?
Well,mostdonotLIKEsuchareas.Sorry,butthosearetheareasthat
onemustgrapplewith,ifonewishestograpplewithoverunityprocessesand
mechanisms.Ifthegoldisontherightsideofthefenceandone
persistsinlookingonlyontheleftside,oneshouldnotbesurprisedthathe
neverfindsthegold.Wehavetotakephysicsasitcomesonitsownterms.We
simplycannotdictatewhatthephysics"oughttobe",butonlytrytofind
out"whatitis".Onecanpointoutanswersandtheexactcitationsfromphysics,andwe've
donethatinspades.Thenifthecommunitystillwillnotdeviatefrom
CEMandEE,andwillnotdiscussthetechnicalrequirementsforaCOP>1.0
system,thenallfurtherdiscussionswiththecommunityareuseless.Yet
strangely,thosewhohaveneverevenseenanoverunitysystemorcircuit,
muchlesstestedone,seemtoassumethattheyalreadycompletely
understandtheentirefieldthatisnotyetevenafield.Merelybecausethey
understandCEMorelectricalengineering!

WhenIwrotethepaperonhowBediniisabletogenerateatruenegative
resistorattheboundary(innersurfaceoftheplates)insideabattery,
fortheconferencethatyearinRussia,IspecificallyaskedtheRussian
scientiststofirstsubjectthepaperanditsexplanationtorigorous
analysis,tofindiftherewereanyflaws.Afterthatrefereeingcheck
wasperformedbysomeexcellentRussianscientists,theanswercamebackthat
thepaperwasokayandwouldstandup,andwasrecommendedfor
publication.WhereuponIsubmittedthepapertothemforpresentationinabsentia,and
forpublicationintheproceedings.
Youareaware,Ithink,thatthereisnorealcontiguousclosedelectron
currentloopinabatterypoweredcircuit,contrarytothestandard
circuitdiagram.Instead,therearetwoverydifferentcurrenthalfloops:(1)the
ioncurrentbetweentheplates,completelyinternaltothebattery,and
(2)theelectroncurrenthalfloop,fromtheoutsideofoneplatethroughthe
externalcircuittotheoutsideoftheotherplate.Themassperunit
chargeoftheleadionsinabatteryisenormouslygreater(severalhundred
thousandtimesgreater)thanthemassperunitchargeoftheelectrons.
Sotheelectronsrespondverymuchfasterthanthesluggishions.Ergo,one
canreadilydephasethetwocurrents,becauseofthesluggishnessofthe
ionscomparedtotherapidityoftheelectrons.Pieceofcake,withthe
propertiming.
Nowtopause:supposeyouseta"scalar"potentialuponthemiddleofa
transmissionline.Itdoesn'tsittherelikea"scalar"entityatall!
Instead,ittakesoffinbothdirectionssimultaneously,liketwoscalded
hogs,nearlyatthespeedoflight.Itpotentializesthechargesinone
directionalmostinstantlyanditalsopotentializesthechargeinthe
otherdirectionalmostinstantly.PLEASENOTETHATTHECHARGESTOTHELEFTHAVEA
FORCETOTHELEFTCREATEDONTHEM,ANDTHECHARGESTOTHERIGHTHAVEA
FORCETOTHERIGHTCREATEDONTHEM.Ifyoucatchtheionsinthechargingmode,
youcanthusreversetheelectroncurrentintheexternalcircuitwithoverpotentializedelectrons,
whilesimultaneouslyoverpotentializingtheionsinchargingmode.Thismeansthatexcess
energyisdeliveredtopoweringtheexternalcircuit,whileexcessenergyissimultaneously
deliveredtotheionsinchargingmode.It'sassimpleasthat.
MicrowaveswitchingengineerBillNelsonandengineerRonColehad
absolutelynodifficultyinreproducingtheBediniprocessinthe1980s.
NeitherdidJimWatson,wholaterdevelopedanddemonstratedan8KWdevice.

Nowsupposeyousuddenlyplaceapotentialonthesurfaceoftheplates
(betweenthetwoplates)ofabattery.Thatpotentialtakesofflikea
scaldedhoginbothdirections.Itflowsacrosstheionsinthebattery
betweentheplatesinonedirection,andsimultaneouslyitflowsoutinto
theexternalcircuitsto"pushthecharges"intheotherdirection.
Inshort,ifyoutimethingscorrectly,youcanDEPHASEandDECOUPLEthe
twocurrentsinthebatterypoweredsystem,simultaneouslyaddingpotential
energytobothofthem,"forfree".YoucanaddpotentialtoBOTHthe
ionsandtheelectrons.Theionscanbemovingbackwardinchargingmode,
whiletheelectronswillbedrivenintheoppositedirectionintheexternal

circuitinpoweringdirection.
Beforeonegetsbentoutofshapeaboutthepotentialbeingregaugingand
allthat,andfreeadditionalpotentialenergyandallthat,oneshouldgo
lookupwhatthe"gaugefreedom"axiomofquantumfieldtheorymeans.All
electrodynamicistsandeventheelectricalengineersassumethat
thepotentialenergyofanyMaxwelliansystemcanbefreelychangedatwill.
However,theyusuallyassumeyouwillbeagentlemananddoittwice
simultaneously,andwillalsodoitjustexactlysothatthetwonewfree
EMforcesproducedinthesystemareequalandopposite.Well,thatassumes
thatyoutakeinfreeexcesspotentialenergytothesystem,butprecisely
lockitupsothatitcannottranslateelectronsandthereforepush
currentanddoworkinanexternalload.However,itcontinuouslyperformswhatis
called"internalwork"inthesystem,inopposingdirectionsbutequal
magnitude.Thatworkcontinuallyformsandmaintainsexcess"stress
energy"inthesystem,andthatisall.
SothefirstproblemforaCOP>1.0systemishowtobreakupthat"stress
energyonly"assumption.John'swayisoneway.Heactually"splits"the
potentialintotwodirectionalfields(whichitisseeWhittaker1903,
citedinnumerousofmypapers),onegoinginonedirectiontopushthe
ionsinchargingmode,andtheothergoingintheotherdirectionoutintothe
externalcircuittopushelectronsinpoweringmode.
That'saboutassimpleasitcanbeexplained.Atthatpoint,oneeither
understandsitoronedoesn't.
Also,bearinmindthatfromanynonzeroscalarpotentialphi,regardless
ofhowsmallinmagnitude,youcancollectasmuchenergyasyouwish,ifyou
justhaveenoughchargeavailabletointerceptit.That'sthesimple
equationW=(phi)q,whereWistheamountofenergycollectedinjoules
frompotentialphi,bychargesqincoulombs.Foragivenphianda
desiredW,justincludethenecessaryq.Apotentialisasetofbidirectional
riversofflowingenergy,asprovenbyWhittakerin1903.Wedonothave
toREPROVEthatatallit'salreadywellknownandacceptedbyevery
electrodynamicistworthhissalt.
Anypotentialisautomaticallyatruenegativeresistor,sinceitisa
freeharmonicsetofbidirectionalflowsofEMenergy(duetoitsdipolarity
andthebrokensymmetryofsameittakestheenergyrightoutofthevacuum
viathebrokensymmetryofthesourcechargeordipolarity).Henceyoucan
collectasmuchenergyfromitasyouwish,fromits"flowingriversof
energy",ifyouarrangeforenoughcharges(buckets)tocollectit(to
collectthewater).Nothingsaysyouhavetousejustonekindofcharge
(theelectron).YoucanuseasBedinidoesboththeionsbetweenthe
platesandtheelectronsintheexternalcircuit.Andyoucanusethem
both,andpotentializethembothsimultaneouslywiththesamepotential.
HOWMUCHEXCESSENERGYYOUCATCHINBOTHDIRECTIONSDEPENDSSOLELY
ONTHEMAGNITUDEOFTHEPHIANDTHEMAGNITUDEOFTHEQ's.
There'snomysteryastohowhemakesanegativeresistor,becauseANYAND
EVERYDIPOLARITYANDPOTENTIALAREALREADYTRUENEGATIVERESISTORS.As
iseverycharge.Theenergyflowsarecomingfreelyfromthevacuum,viatheproven(in
particlephysics,NOTinEE)brokensymmetryofthesource
chargeandsourcedipole.Remember,thefirstrequirementforanoverunity

systemortruenegativeresistorisTOGETOUTOFCLASSICALELECTRODYNAMICSAND
ELECTRICALENGINEERING.Ifonecannotthinkoutsidethoseboxes,onewillnevergetor
understandoverunity,becauseITISCOMPLETELYOUTSIDETHOSETWOBOXES.
Everychargeintheuniverseisalreadyatruenegativeresistorofthe
purestandmostdefinitive(andeasilydemonstratedexperimentally)kind.
Itfreelyabsorbsvirtualphotonsfromtheseethingvacuum,transduces
thatintoOBSERVABLE(real,detectable,usable)photons,andpoursthemoutin
alldirectionsin3spaceatthespeedoflight.Onedoesn'thaveto
reprovethatit'sbeenproveninphysicssince1957.
YouwanttomakeatrueMACROSCOPICnegativeresistorforpeanuts?Just
layachargedcapacitoronapermanentmagnetsothattheEfieldofthecap
isatrightanglestotheHfieldofthemagnet.ThatoptimizesEXH,which
istheexpressionforthePoyntingenergyflowS=f(EXH).Thatsillything
sitsthereandsteadilypoursoutrealobservableusableEMenergyEXHat
thespeedoflight,withnoOBSERVABLEelectromagneticenergyinputinto
it.Thefactthatitisacontinuousflowofenergyisusuallyjust"mumbled
away"e.g.,withsomeversionofthisquotation:"[Poynting'sresult]
impliesthatachargedcapacitorinaconstantmagneticfieldwhichisnot
paralleltotheelectricfieldistheseatofenergyflowseventhoughall
macroscopicphenomenaarestatic."[JedZ.Buchwald,FromMaxwellto
Microphysics,UniversityofChicagoPress,ChicagoandLondon,1985,p.
44.]
Beforeonefallsforthat"static"nonsense,onemustunderstandwhat
"static"reallyis.That'sexpressedbeautifullybyVanFlandern,as
follows:"Toretaincausality,wemustdistinguishtwodistinctmeanings
oftheterm'static'.Onemeaningisunchanginginthesenseofnomoving
parts.Theothermeaningissamenessfrommomenttomomentbycontinual
replacementofallmovingparts.Wecanvisualizethisdifferenceby
thinkingofawaterfall.Afrozenwaterfallisstaticinthefirstsense,
andaflowingwaterfallisstaticinthesecondsense.Bothare
essentiallythesameateverymoment,yetthelatterhasmovingpartscapableof
transferringmomentum,andismadeofentitiesthatpropagate.[TomVan
Flandern,"ThespeedofgravityWhattheexperimentssay,"Physics
LettersA,Vol.250,Dec.21,1998,p.89.]
FromtheWhittakerpapersof1903and1904,wehaveknownforjustabouta
centurythatallstaticEMfieldsandpotentialsareinfact"static"
fieldsofVanFlandern'ssecondkindanalogoustoanunfrozenwaterfall.
ThereisacontinuousbidirectionalmovementofaninternalEMstructureof
longitudinalwavesinside(andcomprising)allEMfieldsandpotentials.
Sothe"staticenvelope"ofthefieldexists,butthe"inside"componentsare
inviolentchangeandmotion,inBOTHdirections.Again,that'sbeenknown
andintheliteraturesince1903.
Butthatdoesnotappearinthehoaryoldseriouslyflawedelectrical
engineering,whichcontinuestotrytoconsiderthestaticpotentialand
staticfieldasa"frozenwaterfall"analogy.
Neitherdoesthesolutionforthesourceoftheinputenergytothesource
charge,northeformofthatenergyinput,appearintheCEMandEE
models.TheCEMandEEmodelsdonotevenmodelthevacuumfluxexchangewiththe
charge,muchlessabrokensymmetryinthatexchange.

Sotheydonotevenmodelwhatpowerseveryelectricalcircuit.Period.
Neverhave.
Ifonewishestotanglewithtruenegativeresistance,thenoneshould
justtrytoanswer(inclassicalEMonly,suchaselectricalengineering)the
questionoffromwhereandhowagivenchargegetstheEMenergythatit
continuouslypoursout,establishingitsfieldsandpotentialsandtheir
energyacrosstheuniverseatthespeedoflight.Ifonecannotanswer
thatquestioninclassicalEMandelectricalengineering,onewillthenhaveto
goreadsomephysics,becauseit'sbeenansweredfor45yearsinparticle
physics,andaNobelPrizewasawardedtoLeeandYangin1957fortheir
havingpredictedthebasisforthatsolution.Brokensymmetrywassucha
tremendousrevolutiontoallofphysicsthattheNobelCommitteemoved
withunprecedentedspeedinawardingthatNobelPrizetoLeeandYang.They
stronglypredicteditin1956early1957,andWuandhercolleaguesproved
itexperimentallyinearly1957.TheNobelPrizewasthenawardedtoLee
andYanginthatsameyear,inDec.1957anearlyunprecedentedaction.
Itwouldbeniceiftheelectricalengineeringdepartmentswouldwalk
acrossthecampustotheparticlephysicsdepartments,andfindoutjustwhat
brokensymmetrymeansforthesourcechargeandthesourcedipole.Voila!
SuddenlytheywouldfindoutwhatactuallypowerseveryEMcircuitand
system,andthattheenergyallofit,everyjouleofitcomesfrom
theseethingvacuumviatheasymmetryofthesourcechargeordipole.
Theyhaven'tseemedtobeabletodothatarduouslittlewalkacrossthecampus
taskin45yearsnow.Andtheyhavenotchangedtheirmodeltoincludethe
activevacuumandthebrokensymmetryinthevacuumexchangewiththe
chargeandthedipole.
Ifonecannotsolvethesourcechargeproblemandpresentthatsolution
(asCEMandEEcannotdo),thenoneisguiltyofimplicitlyassumingthat
everychargeintheuniverseisaperpetualmotionmachine,freelycreating
energyfromnothing.Thatispreciselythecaseforeveryelectricalengineering
department,professor,andtextbooktoday,anditalwayshasbeen.
Itisquitehumorousanddownrighteeriethattheveryfellowsso
criticaloftheoverunityresearchersasa"bunchofperpetualmotion
nuts"alsoimplicitlyassume,albeitunwittingly,thateverychargeinthe
universeisaperpetualmotionmachine,freelyandcontinuouslycreating
energyoutofnothing.Poeticjustice.
Further,thechargeexhibitsgiant,continuouslyincreasingnegentropy,
becausetheenergyitcontinuouslypoursoutatasteadyandunwavering
rateisnotdisorderedbutperfectlyordered.Atagivenradialdistancefrom
thesourcecharge,theassociatedfieldhasaspecificvalueand
direction,theassociatedstaticpotentialhasaspecificvalue,andtheassociated
vectorpotentialhasaspecificvalueanddirection,deterministicallyand
perfectlyordered.
Well,theverynotionofentropyalwayshadaseriousflawanyway.It
preassumesthatanegentropicoperationatleastequaltowhateverthe
entropyis,musthavefirstoccurred.Otherwisetherecouldhavebeenno
orderinthefirstplace,toSUBSEQUENTLYdisorder.

Andthesolutiontothesourcechargeproblemprovidestheanswerofwhere
allthatnegentropyfirstcomesfrom,tocontinuouslyproducethe
negentropy(order)thatislaterdisorderedinentropicprocesses.
Sothemereexistenceofelectrodynamicsanditsgiantnegentropyand
increasingorderofthefieldsandpotentialsbeingpouredoutofthe
sourcechargesdestroysanynotionofabsolutenessinthesecondlawof
thermodynamics(thelawofcontinualincreaseindisorder,orcontinuously
increasingentropy).
Ithaslongbeenrecognizedthatthesecondlaw(whichisbasedon
statisticalmechanics)doesnotapplytothesingleion,chargedparticle,
atom,molecule,orgroupofmolecules.Atthemicroscopiclevel,all
reactionsarereversiblebecausetheequationsarereversible.Sothings
canrunbackwardsaswellasforwardatthemicroscopiclevel,whichisa
formoftimereversal.Ina"runningbackwards"situation,if
macroscopic,thenanordinaryresistorwouldactasatruenegativeresistor(andsoit
does,ifyoufeeditnegativeenergywhichistimereversedenergy).My
newbook,justcomingoffthepresses,usesthatfacttoexplaincoldfusion,
andwegivethespecificreactionequationsproducingtheexcess
deuterium,tritium,andalphaparticlesaswellasexplainingthestrangeand
anomalousinstrumentalproblemsencounteredforsomeyearsinrigorous
electrolyteexperimentsatU.S.NavalresearchfacilitiesatChinaLake.
Butithasalsolongbeenacceptedsomewhatdogmaticallythat,well,the
secondlawdoesstillirrevocablyapplytoMACROSCOPICphenomenaandsize.
Somethingsrecentlyhavehappenedtoupsetor"bother"eventhatstandard
answer.
First,DenisEvansetal.oftheNationalAustralianUniversityhave
rigorouslyproventhat,contrarytopreviousassumptions,reactionscan
"runbackwards"atuptomicron(colloidal)scale,andforuptoTWOSECONDS.
Nowthat'swithineasyswitchingrangeformoderncircuitsandprocesses.So
allofasuddenitbecomesimportant.Thenanobotsbeingwidelydeveloped
justnowinnanotechnologyaclosetomolecularsizewillthusexperience
abruptperiodsof"runningbackwards"andsotheywillnotworkatallin
thesamemannerastheirmuchlargerrobots.ThereferenceontheEvans
workisG.M.Wang,E.M.Sevick,EmilMittag,DebraJ.Searles,andDenis
J.Evans,"ExperimentalDemonstrationofViolationsoftheSecondLawof
ThermodynamicsforSmallSystemsandShortTimeScales,"Phys.Rev.Lett.,
89(5),29July2002,050601.Agoodarticletoreadonwhatitallmeans,
isStevenK.Blau,"TheUnusualThermodynamicsofMicroscopicSystems,"
PhysicsToday,55(9),Sep.2002,p.1921.Thereareothercommentson
theEvansetal.workyoucantakeyourchoicebasedonthesmugnessand
dogmausedinthecomments.
Theindividualchargedparticle,beingmicroscopic(includingevenanion
inasolution)comesunderthereversiblecriterionandthereforeis
appreciably"immune"tothesecondlaw.Sooneisnottoodisconcertedto
findit"runningbackwards"andpouringoutrealenergy,atlastfora
shorttime.Inshort,oneisnotsurprisedthatitproducesgiantnegentropy,
FORASHORTTIME.Whatissurprising(andbewilderingtoclassicalEMandto
theclassicalthermodynamicists)isthatthechargeproducesnegentropy
CONTINUOUSLY,foranylengthoftime.Soitproducescontinuously
increasingNEGENTROPY.

Thereareotherareasthatarealsoknownandrecognizedtoviolate
thermodynamics,includinginthelargemacroscopicrealm.Severalof
thesearelistedonp.459ofDilipKondepudiandIlyaPrigogine,Modern
Thermodynamics:FromHeatEnginestoDissipativeStructures,Wiley,1998,
correctedprintingin1999.Quotingp.459:"Someoftheseareasare(1)
"...rarefiedmedia,wheretheideaoflocalequilibriumfails.The
averageenergyateachpointdependsonthetemperatureattheboundaries.
Importantastrophysicalsituationsbelongtothiscategory."(2)
"...stronggradients,whereweexpectthefailureoflinearlawssuchastheFourier
lawforheatconduction.Notmuchisknowneitherexperimentallyor
theoretically.Attemptstointroducesuchnonlinearoutcomes...haveled
to'extendedthermodynamics'."(3)"...memoryeffectswhichappearfor
longtimes(ascomparedtocharacteristicrelaxationtimes).
...nonequilibriumprocessesmayhave'longtimetails'...".
Forefrontscientistsareattemptingtoextendthermodynamicsatpresent,
toinclude(hopefully)somekindofexplanationfortheseareas.
Butwhatisimportantisthattheenergycontinuouslypouredoutbyevery
magneticorelectricalcharge(asatruenegativeresistor,extracting
unusableenergyfromthevacuumandpouringitoutinusableEMform)
formsperfectorder,perfectlycorrelatedtothatcharge,toanymacroscopic
sizeonewishes.Justpickasizeandwaitlongenoughforthespeedoflight
toreachthatradialdistance,andyouwillhaveavolumeofthatradiusthat
hasbeenfilledwithperfectlyorderedEMenergyfromthatsourcecharge.
Theoriginalchargesinoriginalmatterintheuniversehavebeendoing
thatfor14billionyears,andtheyarestillgoing.Andtheirperfectly
orderedfieldsandpotentialsreachacrosstheentireobservableuniverse.
Soeverypartofelectrodynamicsthesourcecharge,thefield,the
potential,andeveryjouleofEMenergyineveryEMfieldandpotential,
whetherinspaceorinmatterisintotalviolationofthesecondlaw
ofthermodynamics,andTOANYMACROSCOPICSIZELEVELONEWISHES,INCLUDING
ACROSSTHEENTIREUNIVERSEwhenoneaccountstheperfectandcontinuallyincreasing
orderofthefieldsandpotentialsandtheirenergy.
Sothereyouhaveyourtruenegativeresistor(nottobeconfusedwiththe
sillytunneldiode,which"putssomeenergybacktothecircuitpower
sourceinreverseagainstthevoltage"whileeatinglotsmoreenergyfromthe
powersourceasworkperformedtoallowittobedone)ineverychargeinthe
universe.AndallEMenergyineveryfield,potential,andcircuitand
systemcomesdirectlyfromthevacuum,viathebrokensymmetryofthe
sourcecharge.
Don'tunderratetheimportanceofthesourcechargeproblem.Eitherone
hastohaveasolutiontothatproblem,orelseonemustsurrenderthe
conservationofenergylawinitsentirety,sinceitistotallyfalsified
byeverychargeintheuniverseunlessthesourcechargesolutionfrom
particlephysicsisincludedinone'smodel.FortheEEmodelandCEM,thatwould
requiredrasticsurgeryandextensionofthemodels.Actually,much
bettersystemsofelectrodynamicsarealreadycreatedandavailableinparticle
physics.
Aswesaid,classicalelectrodynamicsandelectricalengineeringdonot

includetheactivevacuumintheirmodel,northereforethebroken
symmetryintheexchangebetweentheactivevacuumandeverychargeanddipolein
thecircuit.Sincethosemodelsdonotincludetheactualsourceofanyor
alltheEMenergyinacircuitorsystem,thenthosemodelsdonotinclude
whatpowersanelectricalcircuitorsystem(someofthatveryenergythatis
extractedfromthevacuumviathesourcecharge'sbrokensymmetry).
Thatwasallexcusableuntil1957.Todayitisinexcusable,onceone
pointsoutthesolutionsittingthereinparticlephysics.
Andifyoureallywishtogetatthismatterofenergyflowreallywell,
thenreadtheoriginalpapersofHeavisideandPoynting,whoindependently
andsimultaneouslyinthe1880sdiscoveredthepropagationofEMenergy
inspace,afterMaxwellwasalreadydead.Beforethat,theconceptdidnot
evenappearinphysics.Theprimaryenergyflowconnectedwithacircuit
actuallyflowsoutsidetheconductors,intheexternalspace.Atinybit
ofit(thePoyntingcomponent)isdivergedintothecircuitconductorsto
powertheelectrons.Thehugeremainder(theHeavisidenondivergedenergyflow
component,whichisincirculationform)isnotdivergedintothecircuit
atall,butisjustwastedandignored.Lorentzinthe1890sstatedthat,
well,ithasnophysicalsignificance(becauseitdoesnotdoanything),
soheoriginatedacleverlittleintegrationtricktogetridofall
accountabilityofit.TheabandonedandunaccountedHeavisidecomponent
mayhaveamagnitudeuptoatrilliontimesormore,ofthemagnitudeofthe
Poyntingcomponent.
Iamworkingonapaperthatpointsoutsomeverystartlingandcompletely
unexpectedthingsthatareindeed"done"bythatlongneglectedHeaviside
component.Itplaysamajorroleintheappearanceofthevariousice
agesupontheEarth,andcreatestheexcessgravitythatisholdingthearmsof
thespiralgalaxiesintact(Heavisidehimselfrecognizedthegravitational
implicationsofhisextracomponent,anddealtwithitinhisnotes,but
didnotlivetopublishit.Thenoteswerefoundin1957(curious
coincidence!)andpublishedbyoneofthelearnedsocieties.Ifappliedproperly,the
Heavisidecomponentalsoplaysthemajorroleinproducingthemysterious
antigravitythatisacceleratingtheexpansionoftheuniverseIexplain
thatinmyforthcomingbook,justnowcomingoffthepresses.The
Bohrentypeexperiment(withthesocalled"negativeresonanceabsorption
ofthemedium")isalsoanexperimentroutinelydonebynonlinearoptical
departments.Itoutputs18orsotimesasmuchenergyasoneinputs.
TherearesomeotherimportantcontributionsoftheHeavisidecomponentthatI
willincludeinthepaper,whichwillrequireanothertwoorthreemonths
tofinish.However,mymainpointisthis:WhenthelongunaccountedARBITRARILY
excluded!Heavisideenergyflowcomponentisreaccounted,theneverygeneratorand
batteryanddipolarpowersourceintheuniversealreadypoursoutenormouslymoreEM
energythanthemechanicalshaftenergyinputto
thegenerator,thechemicalenergydissipatedinthebattery,andsoon.All
ofthemalwayshave.Onecanexperimentallydemonstratetheexistenceof
thatlongneglectedcomponent,byaBohrentypeexperiment.SeeCraigF.
Bohren,"Howcanaparticleabsorbmorethanthelightincidentonit?"American
JournalofPhysics,51(4),Apr.1983,p.323327.Undernonlinear
conditions,aparticlecanabsorbmoreenergythanisinthelight
incidentonit.Metallicparticlesatultravioletfrequenciesareoneclassof
suchparticlesandinsulatingparticlesatinfraredfrequenciesareanother.
SeealsoH.PaulandR.Fischer,{Commenton"Howcanaparticleabsorbmore

thanthelightincidentonit?'},"Am.J.Phys.,51(4),Apr.1983,p.327.
TheBohrenexperimentisrepeatableandproducesCOP=18.
Anyway,youhavetruenegativeresistorseverywhereyouturn:inevery
chargeintheuniverse,andeverypowersourcealsoifyoureaccountfor
thelongneglectedHeavisidenondivergedenergyflowcomponentassociated
witheveryfield/chargeandpotential/chargeinteraction.
TomBearden

USPatent#6392370
JohnBediniandThomasBeardenHavebeenworkingonthesesystemsnowforover30
years.Oneisdrivinghiscarandkeepscrossingthesameriveroverandover.Thenthe
lightbulbinyourheadgoeson,hebeginstothinkwhatdoesthismean?It's"Natures
OpenSystem".
Theverynextthingtodoistostickapaddlewheelintotheriver,thisiswherewestop
forwehavejustcreatedaopensystemtothepaddlewheel,everythingfromtheshaftto
thegeneratortoyourloadisnowinaclosedpath,buttheriveris"FREE"and"OPEN"
WhatElectricalEngineersdoistaketheoutputoftheriverandbringitbacktotheinput
oftheriverandthenpumpthehelloutofthepaddlewheeltokeeptherivermoving.
"Thisiscalledclosingtheloop".WiththistypeofsystemyoucanNEVERGETA>COP
of1orBETTER<.Thesourceis"NaturesOpenSystem"."Youwalkaroundinthis
systemeverydayandfailtoseehowitworks".Whatdoesthismeanforelectrical

circuits,ItMeansyoucannevercollectanythingthatyoudonotpayfor,foryouare
foreverpumpingthatriver.TheUniverseisaopensystem,acontinuallyrunningriver.
Allyoumustdoisfindwheretoputthepaddlewheelandnotclosetheloop.
JohnBedini

Kron,Gabriel.NowavalueEofthenegativeresistances,atwhichthegeneratorcurrent
becomeszero,representsastateatwhichthecircuitisselfsupportingandhasacontinuous
existenceofitsownwithoutthepresenceofthegenerator,asthenegativeresistancesjust
supplytheenergyconsumedbythepositiveresistances.(Ifthecircuitcontainsinductorsand
capacitors,thecircuitisaresonantcircuitanditoscillatesatitsbasicfrequency.)Whenthe
generatorcurrentispositivethecircuitdrawsenergyfromthesource,andwhenthecurrentis
negativethecircuitpumpsbackenergyintothesource.Atzerogeneratorcurrentthecircuit
neithergivesnortakesenergy,andtheoreticallythegeneratormayberemoved.GabrielKron,
ElectriccircuitmodelsoftheSchrdingerequation,Phys.Rev.67(12),Jan.1and15,1945,
p.41.
Kron,Gabriel."...themissingconceptof"openpaths"(thedualof"closedpaths")was
discovered,inwhichcurrentscouldbemadetoflowinbranchesthatliebetweenanysetoftwo
nodes.(PreviouslyfollowingMaxwellengineerstiedalloftheiropenpathstoasingle
datumpoint,the'ground').Thatdiscoveryofopenpathsestablishedasecondrectangular
transformationmatrix...whichcreated'lamellar'currents...""Anetworkwiththesimultaneous
presenceofbothclosedandopenpathswastheanswertotheauthor'syearslongsearch."
GabrielKron,"TheFrustratingSearchforaGeometricalModelofElectrodynamicNetworks,"
Journalunk.,issueunk.,circa1962,p.111128.Thequoteisfromp.114.
Kron,Gabriel.."Whenonlypositiveandnegativerealnumbersexist,itiscustomarytoreplace
apositiveresistancebyaninductanceandanegativeresistancebyacapacitor(sincenoneor
onlyafewnegativeresistancesexistonpracticalnetworkanalyzers.)"GabrielKron,
"Numericalsolutionofordinaryandpartialdifferentialequationsbymeansofequivalent
circuits."JournalofAppliedPhysics,Vol.16,Mar.1945a,p.173.
SothisiswhatKronissaying:
Whenthegeneratorcurrentbecomeszerothecircuitisselfsupportingasthenegative
resistancesjustsupplytheenergyconsumedbythepositiveresistances.Whenthegenerator
currentispositivethecircuitdrawsenergyfromthesource,andwhenthecurrentisnegative
thecircuitpumpsbackenergyintothesourcethisisknownasopenpathsandclosed
paths.Thatdiscoveryofopenpathsestablishedasecondrectangulartransformationmatrix...
whichcreated'lamellar'currents.Thiscircuitusespositiveresistancebyaninductanceanda
negativeresistancebyacapacitor.
SohereistheproofthatwhatKronissayingistrueandthelightrunsitselfwithoutanypower
fromtheprimarysource

Imuststoprighthereandsay,ThomasBeardenandIhavebeenfriendsfor20yearsduring
thistimewehavebeenthebestoffriendsthroughthickandthin,andIalwayswillbeTom's
friendforever.Youonlyinyourlifetimehavetwoorthreefriendsthatyoucantrustwithyourlife
andThomasBeardenistheone.Ienjoyedbuildingeverythingonthebenchthathadtodowith
Tom'stheories,andwithalittlework"THEYWORK".Butyoumustlearnhowtothinkoutside
thebox.AstothisdayTomandIalwayskeepdiscussingthisfield,anditwillneverend.

TheYearwas1983,"Soyoudonotknowyourhistory"
Thiswas19yearsago
ThomasBearden1983
TowardanewelectromageticsPart4:

Onthisslide,weshowatheoreticalschemewhichseveralresearchershavediscoveredand
usedtobuildsimplefreeenergymotors.
Inthisscheme,wedriveanordinaryd.c.seriesmotorbyatwowiresystemfromanordinary
battery.Themotorproducesshafthorsepower,atsaysome30or40percentefficiency,
comparedtothepowerdrainedfromthebattery.Thismuchofthecircuitisperfectlyordinary.
Thetrickhereistogetthebatterytorechargeitself,withoutfurnishingnormalpowertoit,or
expendingworkfromtheexternalcircuitintheprocess.(Thisisthepaddlewheelintheriver)
Todothis,recallthatachargedparticleinthehookingdelphirivermovesitself..Thisis
trueforanion,aswellasforanelectron.Weneedonlymakethedelphiincorrectfashion
andsynchronizeitspecifically,wemustnotreleasethehosenozzlesweutilizetoproduceour
delphiriverorwaves.(TheChargemovesitself)
Theinventorswhohavediscoveredthishaveusedvariousvariations,buthereweshowa
commonone.
First,weaddanenergizer(oftenreferredtobyvariousothernames)tothecircuit.This
devicemakesthedelphiwaveswewillutilize,butdoesNOTmakecurrentsofelectron
masses.Inotherwords,itmakespure0dot.Ittakesalittleworktodothis,fortheenergizer
circuitmustpumpafewchargesnowandthen.Sotheenergizerdrawsalittlebitofpower
fromthemotor,butnotverymuch.(TheEnergizerisaunitthatdoesnotdevelopecurrent,only
potentialcharge,andnodragontheDCmotor.)
Nowweaddaswitchingdevice,calledacontroller,whichbreaksuppowertothemotorin
pulses.Duringonepulse,thebatteryisconnectedandfurnishespowertothemotorduring
thesucceedingpulse,thebatteryisdisconnectedcompletelyfromthemotorandtheoutput
fromtheenergizerisappliedacrosstheterminalsofthebattery.(Thisdeviceisanyupdate
motorspeedcontrollerPWM)
Iffrequencycontent,spinholecontent,etc.areproperlyconstructedbytheenergizer,then

theionmovementsinthebatteryreversethemselves,rechargingthebattery.Againremember
thattheseionsMOVETHEMSELVESduringthisrechargephase.Specifically,weareNOT
furnishingordinarycurrenttothebattery,andwearenotdoingworkonitfromtheenergizer.(It
isthepropertimeingandswitchingafterthis)
Ifthingsarebuiltproperly,thebatterycanbemadetomorethanrecoveritschargeduring
thispulsecycle.
Topreventexcesschargeofthebatteryandoverheatinganddestroyingit,asensoris
addedwhichsensesthestateofchargeofthebattery,andfurnishesafeedbacksignaltothe
controllertoregulatethelengthofrechargetimeperpoweroffpulse.Inotherwords,the
systemisnotselfregulating.
Therelationbetweenpowerpulsesandrechargepulsesisshownonthegraphsatthe
bottom.Notethatregulationmaydecreasethetimeofrechargeapplicationofthedelphiriver.
Thissystem,ifproperlybuiltandtuned,willfurnishfreeshaftenergycontinually,without
violatingconservationofanenergy.Rememberthatthedelphiconditionacrossthebattery
terminalsmeansthatspacetimeissuddenlycurvedthere,andconservationofenergyneedno
longerapply.
Again,thissystemisconsistentwithgeneralrelativityandwiththefactthat0fieldalonecan
driveasituationrelativistic.Wehavedeliberatelyusedthesefactstododirectengineering.
Ourextraenergycomesfromshiftingphifluxtheenergyoftheuniversalvacuumspace
timedirectlyintoordinaryenergyforouruse.Thuswedrawonaninexhaustiblesource,and
ourdeviceisnomoreesotericthanapaddlewheelinariver.Thenonlydifferenceisthat,in
thiscase,wehavetobecleverenoughtomakeanddiverttheriverintherighttiming
sequency.(The"OpenandClosedPaths",Kron)
(c)ByThomasEBearden1983
SowhatThomasBeardenissaying,whichappliesto(Kron),IsthattheMotorisavariable
inductor,andisinthe"CLOSEDPATH"thisisallnormalEM.Howeverwhenthemotoris
disconnectedfromthebatterythisthenbecomesa"OPENPATH"TotheEnergizerwhichis
ElectrostaticinPotentialandnoMagneticfluxcuttingisneeded.Anotherwordstheenergizer
appliesnoloadtotheMotorThissystemisjustbackwardsto"Kron's"statementbutdoesthe
samething.NOTE:Theelectrostaticenergizermustpumpafewelectronsduringthisprocess,
butverylittle.(It'scalledlamellar'currents)

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EMAIL
(c)JohnBedini9152002
SPECIALTHANKSTO:

TOMBEARDENPh.D.

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THEORYOFTHEPRINCIPLESOFELECTRODYNAMITICEFFECTS
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