GATE -1995

ME: Mechanical Engineering

1. Choose anwer and indicate by writing only the corresponding'
may be)

capital letter (A, B, C, D as the case

(15 xl = 15)

1.1 Tlte mU/lufacturing area of a plat is dividell into four quadrants. Four macltines Illl'Veto he located, one
i/l eaclt tjuandTtlllt. Tlte total numher ofpossihle layouts is
(A) 4
(8) 8

(C) 16
(D) 24
Ans. (D)
Explanation. In quadrant I, we can locate anyone of the four machines. (i.e.) we can allocate quadrant I in
4 ways. Thereafter quadrant 1\ in 3 ways, thereafter quadrant 11\ in 2 ways. No further choice for quadrant IV.
... Total number of possible layouts = 4 x 3 x 2 = 24.

1.2 Tlte fUltctimt f(>..) = I x + lion tlte illterval{-2, 0/ is

(A) continuous and differentiable
.
(B) continuous on the intergal but not differentiable at all pomts
(C) neither continous nor differentiable
(D) differentiable but not continous
Ans. (B)

Explanation.

ttx)

I x {. I I.

The graph y = I x + 1 I is the well known "V" graph which is continuous everywhere in particular in [-2,0]
but not diffrentiable at x = -1.

1.3 if
if

if a dijJerelltiable

11 i, equal

(A)(grad f)
(C)fcurl

vector fUIlctioll ami f is (I slIjjiciellt differelltiable

scalar fUIlctioll, thell curl

to
(V) + (fcurl

V)

(8)

(V)

(D) (grade f) x (V)

Ans. (A)

i x-(fV)

ox

[f

oV

Df-]

Dx + Dx V

[.I X -oV
ax

oy

f curl

+ j x -(fV)

0+ k x -(fV)

oz

+ two similar terms

+ .I. x oV- + k x -oV

Dz

+ (grad f)

1 [

Dr]-

i x --of + j -Df + k _
Dx
oy
Dz

x V

V .

1.4 If the demaml for (III item is doubled ami the orderillg cost halved, the ecollomic order qU(lIItily
(A) remains unchanged
(C) is doubled

(B) increases by a factor of

(D) is halved

Ans. (A)

J2~D
Ordering cost
Demand
Unit holding cost

1.5

III

PERT, the (Iistribuitoll of activity times is asnlllled to be

(A) Normal

(B) Gamma

(C) Beta

(D) Exponential

Ans. (C)

1.6 Stati,,'tic(11qlltlli(I' colltrol was developed by

(A) Frederick Taylor
(C) George Dantzig
Ans. (8)

(B) Water shewhart

(D) W.E. Deming

.fi

E\phmation.
Statistical quality control was developed by Dr. Walter Shewhart
during II World War.
1.7

all

American sd(~n1i~t

Amollg the COlIl'el1tiollalmachillillg pml.'t!.ue:., nli/ximum .Vh!cilic ellergy i3'COII.\U/W',;i

m
(A) turning
(Bldrilling
(C) planing

(D) grinding

Ans. (0)
1.8 Cutting power cOII.5tlmptioll ill turnillg call be sigllificalltly

relluced by

(A) increasing rake angle of the tool

(8) increasing the cutting angks

(C) widening the nose radius of the tool

(D) increasing the clearance angle

01

the tool

Ans. (A)
Explanation.
).9

Increasing rake angle reduces the force on the tool and thus pG"V'~' CerLd((,,; I":'. i, :,',ll:ced

Plaill millillg of miltl steel plate prot/uces

(A) irregular shaped discontinuous chips

(B) regular sharwd discontinuous chip';

(D) jOlfHed chips

(C) contiuous chips withuot built up edge

J..~ A fluid is .mid to be Newtolliall whell the shear stress i~

\(A) directly proportional to the velocity gradient
//

1(8)

inversely proportional to the velocity gradient

(C) independent of the velocity gradient

(0) none of the above

Ans. (A)

Explanation.

According to Newtonian's law of viscosity

r

J.I)

=, =

du . where -du, IS thi'e ve oClty gra d'Icnt an d' ,IS t he s hear stress,

~t -,

dy

dy

COllsider a refrigerator (/nd a heat pump workillg 011the reversell Carnot cycle bet~ cell tlli! same
temperature limits. Which of the fOllowing is correct.
(A) COP of refrigerator = COP of heat pump
(8) COP of refrigerator

COP ofheat pump

-I-

(C) COP of refrigerator = COP of heat pump-I

(0) COP of refrigerator = inverse COP of heat pump

1. 12. COIlStlllltpressure lines in the superheated region l~lthe iHollier diagram will have
(A) a positive slope

(B) a negative slope

(C) zero slope

(D) both positive and negative slope

AilS.

(A)

).) 3 A test specimen is .\'tressed sliglltly beyond the yield p(jim allli '"e11 unloaded. Its yield strength will
(A) decrease
(8) increase
(C) remains same

(D) becom~s equal to ultimate tensile strength

....
_-,,y\,,

,'
(

True

I.
I I
I,

alr

,,
I

ti. 't:I
I

'

,.:'

'I '

1.14 A key cO/meeting a flange coupling to a sltaft i.~likely to fail in

(A) shear
(C) torsion

(8) tension
(D) bending

Ans. (A)
Explanation.

Shear is the dominant stress on the key.

~~_iteeti01l

SHAFT

",,~t.tiOJl

1.15 A frere bar (If lengtlt I uniformly Iteated from OC to a temperature tOe. a is tlte coefficient
expansion and E is tlte modulus of elasticity. Tlte stres.~ ill tlte bar i.~
(A) a tE

(8) a tE/2

(C) zero

(D) None of the above

of linear

Ans. (C)
Explanation.
member.

Ends are not constrained.

It is a free expansion problem. Hence there is no stress in the

2. Each blank (
) is to be suitably filled in using one of the given options. In the answer book write the
question number and the answer only. Also, no explanations
for the answer are to be given.
(IOxI=IO)
2.1 Tlte layout witlt a Itigher material handling effort is a
Ans. process

layout. (product/process)

2.2 Checkillg tile {liameter of a IIole using GO-NO-GO gauges i.w, example of illspectio .., by

(variables/at trib utes)

Ails. attributes

2.3 Macllille tool structures are made

for IIigll proce!J's capability. (tough/strong/rigid)

Ans. rigid

2.4 For plw1I1illg tile procuremellt

is
(MRP/EOQ)

or production

of dependent demand itenu, tile technique most suitable

Ails. MRP

2.5 IIIful(I' de~'eloped laminar flow ill a circular pipe, tile IIead lo.\'s{Iue to friction is direct(r proportiollal
to
(mean veloci(l'/square of the mean velocity)
Ans. square of mean velocity

2.6 In mliabatic flow witll friction, tlte stagllatiolltemperature

Ans. remains

along

(l streamline
.
(increases/decreases/remain.\'

constant)

constant

2.7 /11tlte case of a refrigeration system undergoing an irreversible cycle,

is

0/

0/ >0)

Ans. < 0

2.8 Tile slle{lYforce ill a beam subjected to pure positive hemling is

(positive/zero/negative)

AilS. zero

2.9 /n a single {Iegree {~/free{lom vibration system, tlle tilulamped natural frequency
damped natural frequency. (greater than/equal/les.\)

is

to/tlulIl tile

AilS. greater than

2.) 0 An aeroplane make.'i ClIIalf circle towards left. The engine rum clockwise wilen viewed from tile rellr.

Gyroscopic effect Oil tile aeroplalle causes tile 1I0.'ieto

(lift/dip)

Ans. lift

3. State TRUE or FALSE witllout copying tlte questions. Give no reason(s) for your answer.
(10

x ) =

10)

w
3.1 71,e Laplace transform of cos wi is --2
0 +a/'
Ans. False
Explanation.

Laplace

transform

of cos wt is -~.

8 -w
3.2 A differential equation ofform
y

dy
{L~

= f(x,y)

is IIomogelleous iftllefunctiollf(x,y)

ratio - or - .
x
Y
AilS. True
Explanation.

Since equation

is defined

as Homogeneous,

f (x, y) = F (~)

or G (~ )

depends ollly Oil tile

3.3 Roth the Iii'!' (lIntn:

fril"f;oil and wear.

ilIid tll..:

dead celltre of cenlre lathes are hardened and lubricated for reelucing

An~. hli,c
Expl:w<!tion
'r he dead centl e is SUbJCCll.'d to wear hv friction and it is lubricated
'-.4 IHamuI,J wh,'cls shoulJ nu: Or <t\~'d
gi I'W11i.lf weel components.
Ans. True

for reducing

the friction .

l;>:plaoatinn,
0::l\ !l,ird marni:Jls shouid l,e !'{Gund ,n diamond wheels. (e.g,) carbide and ceramic cutting
look sun mlk'rials like steel, ledd the whed quickly,

3.5 Slip gauges are calibrated by outside micrometers.

AilS,

Ld:,~'

Exphw:2.bm Accura'.y of calibration source should be atleast one order hight:r than that of the instrument.
I-Ien,.;~ .'litsidc micrometrc:, callnot be used for the calibration of slip gauges,

3.6 Comider (f Rankine (vde with superheat. If tile nUL\-imum pressure in tile cycle is' increa.,ed witllout
dllwgin;,' tlte mt/ximum tcmpNilture and the minimum pressure, the drynes,'1fracthm Of.HCiil1l iifter lite
i.\'el1fropj,' ",'(I'l!.;HiOIl
Will increase.
Ails. False
Explanation.

I!~-----c_~~

p', > PJ' Dryness

fraction

after isentropic

expansion

decreases.

11

'__

3.7 The specific speed of an impulse Itydraulic turhine will be greater titan tite specific jpeed of a reaction
type hydraulic turhine.
Ans. False
Explanation.

Specific

speed of impulse

Sp\:cific speed of a reaction

hydraulic
hydraulic

10 -- 35 rpm

turbine
turbine

300 - 1000 rpm

3.8 Self locking in power screw is better achieved by decreasing tlte helix angle and increasing the coeJficiem
of fricl;oil.
Ans. True
E, planation.

For self locking,

angle of friction

should be greater

than helix angle of screw.

3.9 Interference ill a pair of gears is avoided, if tlte addendum circle.s of botlt the gears imcT!J'ectcommon
fallgem 10 the base circles witltin the points oftqange/l(:y,

3. to I" afour-.'ilroke engine, tlte secondary imbalance 1In"(}frcqut!11cy equal In four times engine v,ce/!.
Ans. False
Explanation.

Frequency

of secondary

imbalance

Li~t I

(Prob/em arem)
t-----t---------(A) JIT

(B) Computer

assisted

layout

will be two times the engine

List II

(Techniques)

I'

1. CRAFl

speed.

2. PERT

(C) Scheduling

3. Johnson's

(D) Simulation

4. K,mbans

rule

5. EQQ rule
6. Monte Cario

4.2

--------L-is-t-I--------.r-----L-i-st-I-t-------l
(Manufacturing

Processes)

(A) Finish turning

1. Backlash

4.3

(B) Forming

2. Zero rake
3. Nose radiu:,ing

(0) Down milling

4. Lmv ~pced

i
I

eliminator

(C) '1 hread clltting

Ans. (A) -3, (B) -2. (C)-A,

--

(D) --I
List II

List I
(Measuring instruments)

(Appltcatol!1s)

------1

L T-slots

(A) Talysurf
(8) Telescopic
(C) Transfer

(Conditiom)

2. Flatness

gauge

3. Internal

callipcrs

Ans. (A) -4, (8) --3, (C)-I,

diametcr

4. Roughness

(D) Autoc0l1imator

(D) -2

List I

List 1\

(Heat Eliginc:~)

(Cvcles)

--,
-'l

(A) Gas Turbme

1. Constant

volume

(B) Petrol Engme

2. Constant

pressure

hcat addition

and constant

1. Constant

pressure

heat ,;ddition

and constant

(C) Stirling

Engine

(D) Diesel Engine

heat addition

and constant

4. Heat additIOn at con:;t;lt1t volume

foilowed

volume

heat rejection

volume heat rejection

pressure

heat rejection

by heat addition

at constant

temperalUre
.5 H~'lt ~<>,jectionat constant
temper ature

volume

followed

by heat rejection

at constant

List I

List II

(Gear types)

(Applications)

(A) Worm gears

I. Parallel shafts

(B) Cross helical gears

2. Non-parallel, intersecting shafts

(C) Bevel gears

3. Non-parallel, non-intersecting shafts

4. Large speed ratios

(D) Spur gears

5. Choose the correct answer and indicate by writing only the con \:sponding capital letter (A, B, C, D
as the case may be)
(15 x 2 = 30)
.
x3 -cos x
11m ----2
- equal
x-.co x +(sin x)2

5.1

(A)

00

(B) 0

(C)2

(D) does not exist

Ans. (A)
Explanation.

cos x and sin x are finite whatever x may be

.
x3._ cos x
hm----x~oo x2 + (sin x)2
x3

Jim -,,'

= 00.

X~O()X'

5.2 Among thefollowing, the pair of vectors orthogonal to each other is

(A) [3.4,7],

[3,4,7]

(8) [1,0,0],

(C) [I. 0, 2], [0, 5, 0]

Ans. (C)

[I, 1,0]

(D) [I, I, I], [-I, -I, -I]

Explanation. (ai' bj c) and (a2, b2, c2) are orthogonal only if

a a2, b1b1, C1C2 = o.
Only C fits
[I, 0, 2] x [0, 5, 0] = 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
j

5.3 The function

f(x) = xJ - 6x2 + 9x + 25
has
(A) a maxima at x = I and a minima at x = 3
(8) a maxima at x = 3 and a minima at x = I
(C) no maxima, but a minima at x = 3
(D) a maxima at x = I, but no minima
Ans. (A)
f(x) = 3(x2 - 4x + 3), f '(x)
at x = I and x = 3
f'(I)=-ve;
f'(3)=+ve

Explanation.

= 6(x)

5.4 The .mlution to the differential equationf"(x)

2x

(A) fl(x) = e2
(C) fl(x) = e " f2(x) ';= e-2x
Ans. (C)

=0

+ 4j'(x) + 4f(x) = 0
(8) f/x) = e2x,

is

f (x) = e2x
2
(D) fl(x) = e-2x, f (x) = e-X
2

(D2 + 4D + 4)y = 0, where,

y = f(x)
102 + 410 + 4 = 0
or (10 + 2)2 = 0, repeated roots.
y = e-2x (A + Bx)
Particular solutions are Ae-2x and Bx e-2xfor all arbitrary constants A and B.
Here A = 1, B = I.
5.5 11, tlrefollowing

FORTRAN

statements, what is tl,e value of X at exit?

X
1
DO 10 I = 1,3,2
X = 2*X**2+1
10 CONTINUE

(A)3
(C) 19
(C)
Explanation.

(B) 5
(D) 101

ADS.

Two iterations will be carried out by the DO loop.

X = (2
X = (2

x
x

12) + 1 = 3
)2) + 1 = 19.

5.6 A stop watch time study on an operator witlr a performance rating of 120 yielded a time of 2 minute.~. If
allowances of 10% of the total available time are to be given, tire standard time of tire operation is
(A) 2 minutes

(B) 2.4 minutes

(C) 2.64 minutes

(D) 2.67 minutes

Ans. (C)

Explanation.

Standard time of the operation

= Basic time + Allowances

Observed time x Rating factor
2 x 120

= --=
=
=

100
.
= 2.4 mmutes

100
10% of total available time

2.4 x J.Q.. = 2.4 minutes

100
2.4 + 0.24 = 2.64 minutes

(A) gd[ha - (H - h) A]
(B) gdHA
(C) GdHa
(D) gd (H - h) A

Explanation.

Pressure at the piston

Force acting on piston

Hdg
HdgA.

rictionless

pIston of area

=A

,~:'J

',.ii,'.

I:: ,: ,,' /I,,(FlIClltsill the x alld y directiolls are givell by

t,.x)') - x22,

~I=

i be va!!:" "i ror:1 possihle

v = xy

flow field involving

3 4
- - Y

an incompressible

(8) --

fluid is

IT) .-

"

'3

Ans. (Dl
Explanation.

FlJr steady

state incompressible

au
-

i'lx

+- --

n"e

07

2xy - 3y.J

~:yy _. 3y' = 0

r_
5.()

cquatins

0, must be satisfied

;:'y

Dy
" \)

flow. the continuity

(Iv

.=

J.i/omaie oj an idea/1:11s is tf,rott/ed from

tcmpcrlUi;rc

{l

an initial pre,'isure of 0.5 MPa to O./ MPa. The i"itit,1

3{Jf}K. 'Ihi' i'lltropy change of the ulliverse is

(,\) 1138 kJ/K

(8)401.3

(C) 0 ft4~6 kJK

(D) -0,0446 kJ/K

S
"

T,
1\
S .- Cp,lV In-=-- RII/n-"
'I
TI
PI
...R

In~
\)

0.1
-8.314/n0.5
For an idt~al ga~ change

roccss

IS

kJ/K

in enthalpy

kJ
13.38-.
K

is a function of tern perature

alone and change

in enthalpy

ofa throttling

zero.

5.10 A heaf re:,eHoir at 90{) K is brought into contact with the ambient at 300 Kfor a short time. During this
;'1,.,iO(I9(IfJtJ k.l of heat i,'i10,'itby the heat reservoir. The total Ion in t,vai/ability due to this proce,'i.'ii.'i

(A) UWOO k.J

(8) 9000 kJ

Ie) 6000 lei

(D) None of the above

An~. (01

F"r'arwliofl

Ihe availability
of a thermal
I.~ngine operating between the
the temperatures
of source
availabilities
are same, Hence

tr

reservoir
equivalent to the work output of a Carnot heat
reservoir and the environment.
Here as there is no change in
(reservoir)
or the sink (atmosphere),
the initiat and final
there is no loss in availability.

/ kilogram of CIlJ comletely, the minimum number of kilogram!>'of oxygen "eeded i,'i
(take atomic weight~ of II, C a"d 0 as I, /2 and /6 respectively).

5.1 t III order to bit",

(A) 3

(B)4

(C) 5

(0)6

Ans. (B)

Explanation.

CH4 + 2C2
16 kg

CO2 + 2Hp

64 kg

16 kg of CH4 requires 64 kg of oxygen.

:. 1 kg of CH4 requires 4kg of oxygen

5.12 A spring scale indicates a tension T in the right hand cable of the pulley system shown in Fugure 5. J1.
Neglecting the mass of the pulleys and ignoring friction between the cable and pulley the mass m is
(A) 2T

(C) 4T
g

Ans. (C)

Fill. 512

Explanation.
Referring Figure,
mg == 4T
m

4T
g

5.13 Fig. 5.J 3 shows a quick return mechanism. The crank OA rotan clockwise uniformly.
OA =2cm,
OO=4cm.

(A) 0.5

o~
I

(B) 2.0

(C)

.fi

(D) 1
ADS. (B)

II

Forward stroke
Return stroke
240
120

=2.

5. t 4 Tile deflection of a spring witlllO active turns under lliolid of 1000 N is 10 min. Tile spring i.~m(ule illto
two pieces eacll of 10 active coils and placed in pllrallel under tile same load. Tile deflection of this
system is
(A) 20 mm
(8) 10 mm
(C) 5 mm
(0) 2.5 mm
Ans. (0)

Explanation.

Stiffness before cutting

Stiffness after cutting into two

1000 = 100 N! mm.

10
100 x 2 = 200 N/mm.
Load
1000/2
Stiffness

200

t 5. Tile arm OA of an epicyclic gear train sllown in Fig. 5.15 revolves counter clockwise about 0 witll (Ill

angular velocity of 4 rad/s. Botll gears are of same size. Tire angular velocity of gear C,
B is fIXed, is
(A) ~ rad/s

(8) 8 rad/s

(;;)10 rad(s

(0) 12 rad/s

:;':t'Ans..(8)'

Fix arm A.
Give GAerotation to 8

Multipl)'QY Xc. '..;'

Addy

+x

__x.

x+y

y-x

O.
=>.!,

'.

Angular velocity of gear

~&q/~~c&ccw)
--4 rad/sec (cw)
y - x = 4 - (--4) = 8 rad/s

if tile

sun gear