Experiment Instructions

HM 150.16 Series/Parallel
Pump Test

Series/Parallel Pump Test

All Rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau G.m.b.H., Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

HM 150.16

DIN

10
bar

Kl.1,6

DIN

-1

DIN

0
bar

Kl.1,6

-1

0
bar

Kl.1,6

Experiment Instructions

Please read and follow the safety instructions

before the first installation
Publication-No.:

917.00016A15012

04/2011

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Unit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

All Rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau G.m.b.H., Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

2.1

Unit construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.2

Unit function and operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.3

Startup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.4

Care and maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1

Dangers to life and limb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.2

Risks to the unit and its function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.1

Centrifugal pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.2

Pump characteristic curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.3

Series configuration of pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4.4

Parallel configuration of pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4.5

Pump power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.1

Determining volumetric flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5.2

Plotting pump characteristic curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5.3

5.2.1

Single pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

5.2.2

Series configuration of two pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.2.3

Parallel configuration of two pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Plot the pump characteristic curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

HM 150.16

All Rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau G.m.b.H., Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.1

Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6.2

Worksheet: Plotting pump characteristic curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

HM 150.16

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Theory

4.1

Centrifugal pumps
3
1

03/97

Cross-section of a centrifugal pump

4.2

Pump characteristic curve

The delivered volumetric flow is dependent on the
pressure which the pump has to generate within a
pipe network.
If the required pump pressure is high, the resulting
volumetric flow will be low.

Pump pressure p

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

Fig. 4.1

The mode of operation of centrifugal pumps is

based on the flow principle. A delivery medium
(water) is set in motion by a driven blade wheel (1)
with angled blades, which rotates in a helical housing (2). The water is accelerated by centrifugal
force and fed into the delivery pipe (3). The outpouring of the water creates a negative pressure
(vacuum) at the intake branch (4) and the water
flows through the connected intake pipe. Depending on the pressure difference to be overcome,
single-stage or multi-stage centrifugal pumps are
used. Centrifugal pumps generate a uniform volumetric flow without pressure surges, and consequently are the most common types of pump used
in conveying liquids.

At low pump pressure the volumetric flow is high.

.
Volumetric flow V
Fig. 4.2

These correlations are represented in the pump

characteristic curve (Fig. 4.2), where the pressure difference between intake and delivery side of
the pump p
. is plotted over the delivered volumetric flow V.

Characteristic curve of a centrifugal

pump

4 Theory

HM 150.16

4.3

Series configuration of pumps

pges

Series/Parallel Pump Test

The pump pressures are added together, the volumetric flow remains the same. The pump characteristic curve becomes steeper.

Pump 2

p2

Thus:

Pump 1

ptot = p1 + p2

p1

.
V

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

03/97

Fig. 4.3

(4.1)

with
pi - pressure difference on the pump i

Characteristic with series configuration

of pumps

4.4

Parallel configuration of pumps

The volumetric flows of the pumps are added
together, the achievable pump pressure remains
the same.

p
Pump 2
Pump 1
.
V1

.
V2
.
V

In other words: With identical

. pressure difference
p a higher volumetric flow V can be delivered.
Thus:

.
.
.
Vtot = V1 + V2

(4.2)

Fig. 4.4
Characteristic with parallel configuration
of pumps

4.5

Pump power
The total power
. P of the pump results from the
volumetric flow V and the achieved pressure difference p between the delivery and intake sides of
the pump:
.
P = pV
(4.3)

4 Theory

HM 150.16

5.2.1

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Single pump
The pumps are of identical construction. Pump 1
is used for the experiment:
6

15

13

14 9

16

17

03/97

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7 11

Fig. 5.2
Configuration of a single pump

Performing the experiment

-

Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.2

-

handle parallel to the pipe - valve open,

handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve closed

Switch on pump 1 (9) with the main switch on the

switchbox (11); pump 2 must remain off!
.
Set the volumetric flow V with the drain cock (8);
ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir
Record measured values:
-

PSuction on the intake side of the pump (13)

5 Experiments

PDelivery on the delivery side of the pump (14)

.
- Volumetric flow V as per Chapter 5.1 (HM 150)
.
Vary volumetric flow V and repeat previous measuring
procedure.

HM 150.16

5.2.2

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Series configuration of two pumps

5

03/97

15

13

14 9

16

10

17

7 11

Fig. 5.3

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

Series configuration

Performing the experiment

-

Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.3

-

handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed,

handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open

Switch on both pumps (9,10) with the main switch on the

switchbox (11)
.
Set the volumetric flow V with the drain cock (8);
ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir
Record measured values:
-

PSuction,1 on the intake side of pump 1 (13)

PDelivery,1 on the delivery side of the pump 1 (14)

PSuction,2 on the intake side of pump 2 (15)

5 Experiments

PDelivery,2 on the delivery side of pump 2 (16),

.
- volumetric flow V as per Chapter 5.1 (HM 150)
.
Vary volumetric flow V and repeat previous measuring
procedure.

10

HM 150.16

5.2.3

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Parallel configuration of two pumps

5

03/97

15

13

14 9

16

10

17

7 11

Fig. 5.4

All rights reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany

Parallel configuration

Performing the experiment

-

Connect the stop-cocks as shown in Fig. 5.4

-

handle parallel to the pipe - valve closed,

handle perpendicular to the pipe - valve open

Switch on both pumps (9,10) with the main switch on the

switchbox (11)
.
Set the volumetric flow V with the drain cock (8);
ensure continuous water inflow into the reservoir
Record measured values:
-

PSuction,1 on the intake side of pump 1 (13)

PDelivery,1 on the delivery side of pump 1 (14)

PSuction,2 on the intake side of pump 2 (15)

PDelivery,2 on the delivery side of pump 2 (16),

5 Experiments

POutflow at the outflow (17)

.
- Volumetric flow V as per Chapter 5.1 (HM150)
.
Vary volumetric flow V and repeat previous measuring
procedure.

11

HM 150.16

5.3

Series/Parallel Pump Test

Plot the pump characteristic curves

Evaluating the experiment

pDelivery,2

pOutflow
pDelivery,1 =

pDelivery,2
pDelivery,1 = pSuction,2

pSuction,1

pSuction,2

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03/97

pSuction,1

Characteristic curves for the pumps can be plotted

from the measured values. A work sheet has been
prepared for this purpose, and is shown in the
Appendix.
For direct comparison it is advisable to plot all three
curves - single pump, series configuration, parallel
configuration- in one graph.
On the vertical axis the pressure difference p
between the intake side and delivery side is plotted:

Fig. 5.5

Single pump:

Parallel- and series configuration

Series configuration: p = pDelivery,2 pSuction,1

p = pDelivery pSuction

Parallel configuration: p = pOutflow pSuction,1.

In series configuration:
pDelivery,1 = pSuction,2
In parallel configuration:
pSuction,1 = pSuction,2 and
pDelivery,1 = pDelivery,2 = pOutflow
On the. horizontal axis the respective volumetric
flows V are plotted.

5 Experiments

12