Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
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ON
AN APPROACH TOWARDS EFFECTIVENESS &
EFFICIENCY OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
AT
BANGALORE
M. M. PRADEEP
04XQCM6066
Dr. N. S. Viswanath
Resident Director
BVB-Marshall MBA Program
Kalappa B.C
Sr. Branch Manager
Blue Dart, Bangalore
STUDENT DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project undertaken by me and the report titled
AN APPROACH TOWARDS EFFECTIVENESS & EFFICIENCY
OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT AT BLUE DART, BANGALORE
submitted to Bangalore University in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of Masters of Business Administration, is my
original work and not submitted for the award of any other Degree/Diploma
of any University.
Place: Bangalore
Date:
Name: Pradeep M M
Reg no: 04XQCM6066
GUIDES CERTIFICATE
Place: Bangalore
Date :
Dr. N. S. Viswanath
PRINCIPALS CERTIFICATE
Place: Bangalore
Date :
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Blessed are those who give without remembering and
Blessed are those who take without forgetting.
I am extremely grateful to MR Kalappa B.C, Sr. Branch Manager, for
giving me an opportunity to embark on this project and whose guidance was
significant in the successful completion of the project.
I would like to thank Mrs. Rose Francis, Human Resource department
for encouraging me which was significant in successful completion of
project.
I wish to thank our Dr. Nagesh Malavalli, Principal, M. P.Birla
Institute of Management for providing the means and encouragement and
Dr. N. S. Viswanath for their immense support and guidance.
I thank all the Departmental heads and employees of BLUE DART
for guiding me and extending their co-operation in completing this project
successfully.
Last but certainly not the least, my family and friends who co-operated in
completing this project successfully.
Bangalore:
Date:
(M M PRADEEP)
Reg No: 04XQCM6066
CONTENTS
SL NO
1
2
PARTICULARS
INTRODUCTION
CONCEPTS OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
PAGE NO
1
2-8
Logistics Management
INDUSTRY SCENARIO
9 - 15
- Introduction
SWOT Analysis
Aviation Industry
COMPANY PROFILE
-
Introduction
E-commerce Initiatives
METHODOLOGY
-
Background
Review of Literature
Problem statement
Data analysis
Suggested Model
Major Findings
16 - 44
45 - 57
58 - 64
65 - 75
BIBLIOGRAPHY
76 -77
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The courier industry in India was born in 1979 with the entry of DHL into the
market. The industry soon saw the entry of ELBEE and BLUE DART to appropriate
value from the lucrative sector. The industry in India is divided into the organized, semi
organized and the unorganized segments. The industry is highly fragmented with over
2300 players in the market. The way forward is through tie ups between the players in the
organization segment and a few powerful ones in the semi-organized segment.
Efficiency, speed and flexibility in the delivery and distribution aspects of a
business, form the key to successful logistics solution. Logistics planning and
management defines a unique network of Suppliers, producers and distributors to deliver
a specific product set. Different type of product families and different customer segments
may necessitate several distinctly different supply chain configurations, which has to be
designed for flexibility and responsiveness.
The ideal supply chain for one set of conditions however, is not ideal for another,
since Conditions keep changing; Supply chain configuration will have to be continually
revised. The result will be the wireless solutions in order to integrate business for both the
local and global trade. The end-to-end solution will help the customer to manage the
business and mobile sales and delivery team enabling them to ensure superior customer
service and product availability without losing control of costs.
The solution also helps the merchant, the customer and the vendor to save the
ever decreasing commodity-resource both time and money by being mobile, whenever
required, The solution enables the industry to set up and tightly integrate the customers,
financial accounting, order management, and other enterprise solutions to improve cycle
time by facilitating exchange of critical data, Such as product specifications, and by
streamlining ordering and approval processes, This solution allows you to reduce
purchasing, inventory, and overall management costs.
INTRODUCTION
In any market driven economy, supplying customers with what they want, when
they want it, is the bare minimum required of any serious business. But as product
development, diversity and accessibility has accelerated beyond all predictions, and as
the business world has become increasingly competitive, delivering that promise has
taken on a more challenging reality.
For the worlds highest performing and successful companies, managing the
supply chain has become a critical success factor. The innovative, the pioneers of new
industries, as well as established market leaders are all focusing on this factor in their
path to success. It is a management challenge of how to achieve increased flexibility on
the one hand, and to maintain and build on profitability on the other.
Logistics
Logistics planning and management defines a unique network of suppliers,
producers and distributors to deliver a specific product set. Logistics management
configuration decisions involve decisions like where to locate new manufacturing and
distribution facilities, which supplier to rely on etc.
The final target, for most of business operations, is to reap profit. Thus as far as it has
been established, the logistic of an enterprise is an integrated effort aimed at helping
create customer value at the lowest cost level. At a strategic level, logistic managers
seek to achieve a previously agreed quality of customer service through state-of-the
art operating competency. The challenge is to balance service expectations and cost
expenditure in a manner that achieve business profitability. In the following Figure
the traditional Du-Pont model is revised according to logistic operational perspective.
To measure the logistic effectiveness, one must be aware of the elements that
affect its performance profitability. According to Lumsden, the logistic efficiency can be
described in terms of service, cost and tied up capital. Their relations with yielding a
profit return can be illustrated by the following Figure
To have a full understanding of the three efficiency elements, one should not
consider them as isolated parameters without any interaction among each other. Actually,
the improvement of one parameter usually is on the sacrifices of the other two. For
example, if one wants to reduce the cost for transportation by using full truckload, then it
will keep larger volume in stock waiting for large enough shipment quantities. The final
consequences are increased inventory tied up capital and decreased customer service
level with lower shipment frequencies. Thus what we need to achieve is to make a good
balance among these three dimensions and optimize the total result.
The Logistics Players- From 1PL to 5PL As per Morgan Stanleys Logistics is the
part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient,
effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from the point of
origin to the point of consumption to meet customers requirement.
The Logistics Players- From 1PL to 5PL By Morgan Stanleys The concepts of
3PL (the third party logistics), and 4PL (the fourth party logistics) reflect the evolving
demands of manufacturer essentially to own and handle all logistics functions, such as
trucking and warehousing.
Most small businesses buying and selling in the same location are 1PL. As the
business expands geographically, the manufacturers logistics border grows, a 2PL
provider is generally a commodity capacity provider, such as a trucking company or a
warehouse operator, and a 2PL provides service for a single or a small number of
functions in the supply chain. They face low returns, with high levels of asset intensity
but low barriers of entry. Next comes the distributors, who through a dense network or
legislative protection have achieved higher returns, albeit on a sizeable cost base.
Examples are the express parcel operators that charge premium pricing for timely
delivery, and the postal operators. With the increasing demand for one-stop solutions,
many 2PLs have evolved into 3PLs by adding new logistics capabilities and integrating
their operations. It may or may not involve asset ownership. 3PL is a broader term that is
frequently used to cover businesses in freight forwarding or contract logistics.
It performs all or a large portion of a clients supply chain logistics activities and
its value adding is based on information and knowledge versus a non-differentiated
transportations service at the lowest cost. 3PL tends to be asset-light with high returns.
The 4PL provider is essentially a logistics integrator or a one-point contact for the
manufacturers logistics outsourcing requirements.
They are responsible for contracting various 2PL and 3PL providers, and for
assembling and managing those end-to-end solutions. The 4PL provider, with its
complete overview of the supply chain as well as strong logistics and IT capabilities, can
also offer high value added advisory services to the manufacturer.
Logistics Management
Logistics management is the process of strategically managing the procurement,
movement and storage of materials, parts and finished inventory (and the related
information flows) through the organization and its marketing channels in such as way
that current and future profitability are maximized through the cost-effective fulfillment
of orders.
INDUSTRY SCENARIO
The courier industry globally is expecting a bullish trend in the near future. This
industry is expected to grow at least 8% year a year till 2015. Globally only 2% of the
express freight is currently carried on aircraft, this is expected to increase to 40% by
2015. The world cargo fleet is expected to treble by the year 2015.
The global trend towards outsourcing of non core activities has created
opportunities for courier companies. Privatization has also created opportunities. Theres
a general trend for companies to try to shorten their supply chain by reducing their stock
levels. Hence essentially freight companies have to play a much larger role in satisfying
the requirements and also in providing cost effective solutions to these companies.
There are very small courier companies that serve niche market, and then there
are the large, integrated companies with global reach. Barriers of entry at one level have
been quite low on the one hand; investments in infrastructure for more sophisticated
players can be very high.
Although IT raises the barriers to entry, this does not stop people from setting up
new businesses. As for the future, there will be fewer smaller companies, but more
medium to large players. There will be shrinkage in the number of players but industry,
as a whole would not shrink.
Key Activities
The traditional view of the key activities is as given below. The companies looked
at the business as transporting goods from one place to another. They tried creating value
by doing it in the most efficient manner with no real focus on customers.
Receiving Goods
Transportation of goods
Delivery of goods
Value addition
Efficient Transportation
Fast delivery times
However, with the rapid evolution of the industry and the changing market
scenario in terms of consumer demands, a re-look at the key activities is essential.
Collection
Transportation
Delivery
Customer
Relationship
Some of the value addition that is taking place within the industry is:
Pickup and delivery of the package at the customers premises.
Buying planes to ensure fastest mode of transport and not being dependent on
passenger airlines.
Giving a customer a wide variety of services to choose from an effort to cater to
consumers every demand.
Growth of importance of marketing personnel in maintaining relationship with
key account customers and keeping them happy.
Non Regulated Industry There are no licenses needed to enter this industry.
Economies of scale This industry are volume driven and thrive on economies of scale.
The infrastructure and technology have to be set up irrespective of the amount of business
if the quality of service has to be world standard. Hence the business becomes profitable
only after a few years when there is a sizeable customer base.
Brand image The brand image of an existing company has been developed over the
years. People would prefer to continue dealing with companies they dealt with before.
This is because they would not necessarily trust some new company to deliver their
parcels safely. The other factor is the relations with govt. agencies (customs, octroi etc.),
which also have to be developed over a period of time.
Limited players the organized and high return segment is dominated by a few major
players which hold more than 90% of the market share.
Weakness
Dependent on economy scenario this industry is highly dependent on the overall
economic scenario. In the mid 80s the industry grew at a rapid pace at 30-35%. This
growth rate was sustained in the 90s. But due to the general slowdown of the world
economy, there was a slowdown in this industry and the growth rate was sluggish at 1015%. But with the revival of the economy and the greater reach of the major players in
this segment, the industry is expected to grow at an increasing rate.
Opportunities
Logistics the courier companies have all identified opportunities to take up integrated
logistics solutions for other companies. This outsourcing would enable manufacturing
companies to concentrate on production and marketing.
Value added services The courier companies endeavor to add value to the products of
their customers to differentiate themselves from their competitors.
Backward integration The courier companies now cease to be reliant on others for the
services they need and have integrated backwards.
Threats
Economy slowdown the industry being driven by the general economic scenario there
is always the threat of it being affected by slowdown in the economy.
New technology the companies also need to be constantly in touch with the latest
technology to help them provide the best services possible. Today things like tracking
and tracing is fairly common and has become a norm.
Description
Details
Supply
Demand
Barriers to entry
brand
identity,
huge
capital
requirements,
Barriers to exit
Bargaining power of
Supplies
Bargaining power of
buyers
Threat from
substitutes
Competition
Aviation Industry
Globally, the express industry is part of the aviation industry and a subset of the
air cargo industry, and is estimated at about $55 billion. The past year witnessed growing
consolidation globally, with the emergence of four major players worldwide. One of the
global majors currently controlling the industry would be Deutsche Post, the owner of
DHL. DHL, with the largest international coverage, is making inroads into the US
domestic market. There has been substantial press coverage on Deutsche Post acquiring
Airborne, the third largest player in the USA, after UPS and FedEx.
The industry has undergone a realignment of partnerships and a greater divide
between the premium and lower-end segments. Blue Dart has clearly staked out its sole
claim to the premium segment where it has established a stronghold, based on its unique
delivery capability reinforced by its aviation system and technology.
The negative economic impacts of the past year have had a particularly crippling
effect on the global aviation industry. Post 11th September 2001, there has been an
increase in security costs, doubling of insurance premium on air transportation, war
surcharges, and the escalation in the price of aviation turbine fuel and local ground
transportation costs. Aviation turbine fuel prices increased to US$ 35.98 per barrel (WTI
index) in February 2003, from a level of US$28.50 in September, 2002 and peaked at
near US$ 40 per barrel during the Iraqi conflict. The resultant Indian ATF costs, after
Central and State levies, are amongst the highest in the world. To mitigate the increase in
fuel cost, Blue Dart introduced an equitable hedge solution by implementing a `Fuel
Surcharge mechanism, based on the WTI Index of the previous month, with effect from
December 2002. A `Fuel Surcharge at the rate of 5% was made applicable in December
2002. As per `Fuel Surcharge mechanism, the surcharge would slide downwards by
2.5% when the price of oil declined to US$24 per barrel, and removed completely at a
price of US$20 per barrel. However, should the price of oil further escalate to US$33
per barrel, the surcharge would increase by a further 2.5%, and would subsequently
increase by 2.5% for every US$4 increase per barrel thereafter. Ground operating costs
have also risen sharply in the short term due to escalating costs of diesel and petrol
supplies to the market.
Company Profile
Blue Dart is South Asia's leading integrated air express carrier and premium
logistics-services provider. They have the most extensive Domestic network covering
over 3,880 locations, and service more than 220 countries and territories worldwide
through their Sales alliance with DHL, the premier global brand name in express
distribution services.
The company has been re-certified as one amongst a handful of Indian companies
to the new global ISO 9001 - 2000 standards for "Design, management and operations of
countrywide express transportation and distribution services within the Indian subcontinent and to international destinations serviced through multinational express
companies".
The Company is South Asia's leading air express transportation company and
logistics service provider and offers a comprehensive range of services and products for
both domestic and international shippers. Blue Dart's continuous commitment towards
identifying and addressing the needs and concerns of the Customers has enabled it to
provide unmatched standards of service quality with over 99.95% reliability levels in the
express industry. Over the years, Blue Dart has continuously evolved to meet the growing
demands of business and customers, innovating new products and expanding its network
and infrastructure, thereby increasing its market share in the country.
During the year under review, the company achieved yet another milestone of
handling 100,000 shipments a day. Also, the company handled during the year over 28
million shipments, weighing over 76,000 tons.
Their vision is to establish continuing excellence in delivery capabilities focused
on the individual customer. In pursuit of sustainable leadership in quality services, they
have evolved an infrastructure unique in the country today.
State-of-the-art Technology, indigenously developed, for Track and Trace, MIS,
ERP, Customer Service, Space Control and Reservations.
Blue Dart Aviation, dedicated capacity to support our time-definite morning
deliveries through night freighter flight operations.
They have a dedicated team of specialists who provide the expertise for customs
as well as regulatory clearances at all States within the country, to support seamless
service to the customer.
Technology
Designed to enhance the reliability of their operations and process efficiency,
and add value to the customer through time and cost savings.
Air Network
The only one of its kind in the country today that is focused on carriage of
packages as its prime business, rather than as a by-product of a passenger airline. A
dedicated aviation system to support Blue Dart's services is self-sustaining, with its own
bonded warehouses, ground handling and maintenance capability.
People force
Committed, diverse and over 3,900 strong are their most valued asset. All their
achievements have been possible because they have a team who believes in themselves
and their company, a team with a winning attitude. They are a learning organization, they
value self-development, and most of their managers are homegrown.
Vision
"To be the best and set the pace in the air express integrated transportation and
distribution industry, with a business and human conscience.
They commit to develop, reward and recognize their people who, through high
quality and professional service and use of sophisticated technology, will meet and
exceed customer and stakeholder expectations profitably.
Corporate Governance
Corporate Governance is the combination of voluntary practices and compliances
with laws and regulations leading to effective control and management of the
Organization. Good Corporate Governance leads to long term shareholders value and
enhances the interest of other stakeholders.
Blue Dart is fully committed to good Corporate Governance and has complied
with the Corporate Governance Code as stipulated under the provisions of Clause 49 of
the Listing Agreement with the Stock Exchanges. It believes in providing services
through transparency in all its dealings. It believes Corporate Governance is an important
instrument for shareholders returns and value enhancement.
Guiding Principles
They treat each other fairly and with respect and dignity
They encourage freedom in communication of thoughts and ideas in all our
interactions
They value integrity and we will be uncompromising in upholding it at all times
They ensure that our PSP (People Service Profit) philosophy serves as a driving
force behind the success of our organization
They encourage and inculcate in all a winning attitude.
They encourage learning, self-development and building effective leadership
They provide a work place where each and every employee is nurtured and who,
in turn, will nurture the organization, thereby creating wealth for stakeholders
They expect our people to be accountable for all their actions related to the
company
They drive the First Time Right concept to achieve 100% Quality and Customer
satisfaction
They encourage passion and enthusiasm for Work, Service Quality and Customer
Care
They project a positive, caring and professional image of us and our services at all
times.
They avoid waste by being conscious of the impact of all our actions on the
environment
They continue to be a law-abiding, apolitical and secular company
Description
Began Operations
November, 1983
Headquarters
Mumbai, India
Revenues
4,814
(FY 2004-2005)
Number of Shareholders
(As on 3rd March, 2006)
Domestic Locations
Serviced
International Destinations :
Serviced
Air Support
Ground Support
3,429 vehicles
Network
Number of shipments
Handled
(FY 2004-2005)
No. of computer
Terminals
(As on 15th Dec, 2005)
Technology
Cosmat IITM,
SMARTTM,
ShopTrackTM,
PackTrackTM,
MobileDartTM,
TrackDartTM,
MailDartTM,
InternetDartTM,
ShipDartTM,
ImageDartTM
Schedule a Pick-up.,
SENTOR,
CARESS
SHIELD
People Force
Over 4,000
http://www.bluedart.com
Services
Express Services
Domestic Priority:
The services are subject to their Terms and Priority, The fastest, most
reliable, door-to-door delivery service within India and to Bangladesh,
Nepal and Bhutan for documents and small shipments under 32kgs per
package. The special benefits of this service are:
Delivery to over 13,880 locations in India
Free pick-up from your location
Real-time Tracking through the net, providing with information on shipments
from pick-up to delivery
Regulatory Clearances for all States in India taken care of by our team of
specialists, to resolve your regulatory requirements.
Free Computerized Proof of Delivery
Dart Apex:
Dart Apex is a door-to-door delivery service within India
for shipments weighing 10kgs. And above. It is the
fastest, most efficient delivery solution for the commercial
shipments that are time-bound and are required to undergo
regulatory clearances, or require special handling.
Dart Apex offers an economical option of an Airport-to-Door service from the
major airports of Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Hyderabad to all the
Dart Apex locations serviced. One may book space for the shipments through the
Customer Service and deliver the shipments to the Blue Dart Aviation Office at the
related airport.
Dart Apex also offers you a further economical option of a Door-to-Airport
service. One may book the shipments at any of the locations serviced for this product to
any of the major airports mentioned above. The Consignee would be required to collect
the shipment from the Blue Dart Aviation office at the concerned airport.
Dart Surfaceline :
Dart Surfaceline is an economical door-to-door, ground
distribution service within India for shipments weighing
10 kgs and above. It offers a cost-effective logistics option
for your less time-sensitive shipments, with the following
value-added benefits:
Time-bound Delivery
A fleet of vehicles run to pre-determined schedules to provide committed delivery.
Regulatory Clearances
The team of specialists will provide with the clearance support required to ensure a
smooth delivery.
Pick-up Convenience
One may Contact Blue Dart to schedule a pick-up, and your shipment will be pickedup, transported, cleared through regulatory channels and delivered to the consignee,
while you are able to receive updated information and proof of delivery on demand.
Secure Shipments
All the destinations serviced by Dart Surface line are supported by their own
warehouses, manned by trained professionals to ensure the safety and security of your
shipments.
Economical Tariff
All these benefits are available at charges that support value-pricing
Smart Box:
Smart Box is a convenient, economic, packaging unit priced to include a
door-to-door delivery service within India. The units come in 2 sizes,
10kgs and 25 kgs, and are designed to accommodate a variety of
products. The special benefits of using Smart Box are:
A wide market reach
Speedy Delivery
Carriage of the Smart Box is supported by an integrated air and surface network to
provide the fastest, most reliable delivery service for packages
Free pick-up
From the location. Contact Blue Dart to schedule a pick-up and supply of Smart Box
Real-time Tracking
Through the net, providing with information on the shipments from pick-up to
delivery. One may also Contact Blue Dart for information on the status of your
shipments.
Regulatory Clearances
For all States in India taken care of by team of specialists, to resolve the regulatory
requirements.
Proof of Delivery
Confirming the date and time of delivery as well as the name of the recipient. One
can also view, download and print copies of Proof of Deliveries and Delivery challans
of Smart Box shipments.
Trouble Free Service
Smart Box provides packaging, a door-to-door, trouble-free delivery service and realtime information on the status of the shipment.
Regional Services
Between India, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal.
Blue Dart offers the fastest, most reliable, door-to-door express
deliveries for your documents and packages to countries in the
SAARC region through Regional Priority.
Regional Priority: Documents (RPDX)
The most dependable and secure delivery for non-dutiable, critical and important
shipments such as legal documents and tenders. The Blue Dart Envelope provides secure
and attractive packaging for your documents, brochures and reports upto 500gms.
Rgional Priority: Non Documents (RPDT)
Fast reliable and safe door deliveries for samples and non-commerical shipments.
Currently available between India and Nepal only.
FREIGHT SERVICES
Domestic Airport-to-Airport: Early morning deliveries.
Late cut-offs. Security checked at Blue Dart's warehouses
equipped with x-ray machines. No cooling period
(otherwise mandatory on passenger airlines). Flown by
Blue Dart Aviation between the 5 metro airports of
Interline:
Interline
agreements
with
20
international
airlines.
Currently, Blue Dart has interline agreements signed with 25 international airlines
- Air Canada, Air France, Air India, Air Mauritius, Alitalia, Asiana, British Airways,
Cargolux, Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, Das Air, El Al Israel Airlines, Emirates Sky
Cargo, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Kuwait Airways, Polar Air, Saudi Arabian Airlines,
Singapore Airlines, Sri Lankan Airlines, Swiss Air, South African Airways, Qatar
Airways, Kenya Airways, BMI and Etihad Airways.
Charters:
Blue Dart Aviation operates the only Boeing 737
freighters in India. The freighters have an 8-pallet
configuration, and operations are supported by an in-house
ground-handling and maintenance capability, as well as
bonded warehouses at all the on-line stations, and company-owned cargo handling assets.
With qualified, professionally-trained personnel, Blue Dart Aviation is positioned to offer
the most superior quality of service in the country today.
Charters are operated on an ad-hoc basis. Normally, charters have been used
where timely deliveries of sensitive equipment or large loads are required. In the past,
Blue Dart Aviation has operated charters for carriage of TV Equipment for the Miss
World Contest, high-value TV and Broadcasting equipment for Cricket Matches around
the country, perishable Aquaculture, Computer peripherals and Electronics, Emergency
Equipment and large inventory for JIT plants.
International Services:
For international documents and packages. Available to 228 countries worldwide.
International services are subject to the DHL - Terms and Conditions of Carriage, and the
liability terms incorporated.
Blue Dart Express Limited, through its International Sales alliance with DHL, the
Premier global brand name in express distribution services, offers DHL Document
Express (DOX), DHL Worldwide Package Express (WPX) and the Jumbo Box
(Jumbo Box - 25 kgs. and Jumbo Junior - 10 kgs.), a one-stop shipping process for
reliable, time-definite, door to door delivery of international documents and packages.
The service offers access to 220 countries and territories worldwide and the
extensive, quality network of Blue Dart and DHL. The special benefits of the
International Services are:
A Convenient Solution for your Urgent, International Documents & Shipments
Documents and packages will be picked-up from your location, cleared through
customs and delivered to your consignee.
Customs Clearance Expertise
Specialists conversant with customs formalities in India as well as in 228 countries
world-wide, and pre-clearance for shipments in transit available for most destinations,
ensure efficient delivery.
Real-time Tracking
Through the net at www.bluedart.com, for information on your shipments at all stages
of transportation
A Cost-effective Option
The door-to-door service eliminates the need to retain a clearing agent and arrange
transportation at destination for delivery to the Consignee.
Packaging
DHL has innovated a wide range of unique packaging to protect and secure your
documents and shipments, and enhance the brand value of your products.
DHL offers:
DHL Express document is the fastest, trustworthy and most secure way to deliver nondutiable shipments such as banking and legal documents, reports, proposals, tenders, etc.
You can rely on this international service
Features:
o
Simple documentation.
Packaging range.
Low flat fee for each kilo over flat fee limit.
MailDartTM
MobileDartTM
InternetDartTM
ShopTrackTM
PackTrackTM
ShipDartTM
Billing
Schedule a pickup
Waybill Generation
Location Finder
Price Finder
COSMAT II
SMART
ImageDart
STAND-ALONE TOOLS
COSMAT II TM
Blue Dart's own, complete ERP system. Covers all the complex processes of the
organization. Enables real-time tracking of shipments. Provides complete, accurate status
of shipments.
SMART TM
(Space Management Allocation Reservations and Tracking): India's first indigenous
Cargo Reservations System. Allows real-time space and revenue management on the
aviation network. Space reservations made on SMART ensure that shipments are pickedup, transported and tracked until delivery
SENTOR TM
(Status Entry Offline for Regional service participants/Remote locations):
An application designed to provide Blue Dart channel partners and Blue Dart offices in
far-flung areas access to information and updates. Enables tracking updates from some of
the remotest corners of the country
WMS (WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM)
Developed indigenously to global standards. Designed to manage storage, inventory,
maintenance, order fulfillment, generation of reports and all other logistics activities.
Aimed at further integrating the supply chain.
can
be
tracked
via
using
MailDart.
E-mails
sent
to
LOCATION FINDER
Provides details of the Blue Dart offices closest to the customer. Can be found by city,
street name or pin code.
TRANSIT TIME FINDER
Provides transit-times taken for delivery for both, domestic and international locations
from a point of origin in India. Also provides service updates.
PRICE FINDER
Calculates the shipping costs for domestic and international shipments. It also has an
automated volume-weight calculator.
E-business Solutions
These tools may be efficiently integrated with your systems to provide you with a
convenient and cost-effective solution to the shipping requirements. Blue Dart has been
the only Indian Air Express Company that has invested extensively in Technology
infrastructure to create differentiated delivery capabilities, quality services and
customized solutions for the customer.
Some of the technology-based business offerings are as follows:
InternetDartTM:
Track on-line the status update of the shipments sent over the last 45 days. One
may track by a range of dates, origin, and destination, delivered or undelivered shipments
or service used, on-line. One may generate a series of reports, at a pre-determined
frequency, and sort the results on-line.
For on-line queries and reports: on providing the input of range of pickup dates, origin,
destination and services used, you can check any of the following, on-line:
Waybill details and status of all shipments sent during a given period
Details of all delivered shipments
Status of all undelivered shipments
Details of all RTO (Return to Origin) shipments
One may download the tracking and status data. This tool will benefit most medium
to large businesses in managing their tracking processes and integrating them with their
back-end systems. This tool is available only to registered customers of Blue Dart.
ShopTrackTM :
ShopTrackTM is an API (Applications Program Interface) designed specifically to support
and enhance the services provided by a portal or any e-business. Research indicated that,
while etailers provided an entire gamut of product services and information, e-shoppers
invariably had to leave the website or use manual means to track their purchases. The
result - less eyeball time on their pages. Portals that sought to resolve this dilemma were
faced with the unattractive alternative of database maintenance and call centers.
ShopTrackTM provides an effortless, customized solution. Customers no longer have to
leave the Portal site to track their purchases. They just need to enter the order-number of
their purchase and the shipping and delivery details are displayed on the same page. The
Portal can decide how to display the data elements and may even store them in their
database. ShopTrackTM is another time and cost-saving tool created to arm Blue Dart's
customers with a competitive edge.
PackTrackTM:
PackTrackTM is an API (Applications Program Interface) designed for any client involved
in logistics, distribution and inventory control. It has been designed to streamline and
integrate shipping processes. PackTrackTM can be integrated into the client's systems and
enables him to keep track of the entire distribution status of all his customers. It is simple,
easy-to-use and can be easily integrated with any windows-based application or any Java
compliant machine. Queries are fetched immediately from Blue Dart's database,
providing a seamless service for the client and his customers, and bringing the entire
chain within his domain. The client may store this data in his database, providing him
with an effective CRM tool. These e-business tools, the first of their kind in the country,
bring increased efficiencies to most B2C, B2B and C2C transactions.
MobileDartTM:
Mobile DartTM - WAP works on any mobile phone or device which supports Wireless
Application Protocol.
Using Mobile Dart-WAP, the customer can check the current status of his shipments online by entering the waybill number. In the case of an undelivered shipment, he can
choose to receive delivery details by email or SMS. The customer can also access the
Location Finder which provides details about all locations service by Blue Dart, based on
a pincode. Information about all the Service product offerings as well as the company is
also available on the WAP site (wap.bluedart.com). This enables the customer to make a
shipping decision on the run.
MobileDartTM - SMS works on any mobile phone or device which supports sending email
over SMS (Short Messaging Service).
ShipDartTM:
Ship Dart is a Blue Dart proprietary solution especially created for the convenience of
regular customers. Ship Dart enables user control over the entire shipping and tracking
processes. Ship Dart needs to be installed at the customers premises in order to interface
with their own system for the pre-shipping and post-tracking activities, thereby playing a
major role in bridging the existing gap in any package movement. A set of Master Files
which controls the Ship Dart system has to be downloaded from the site.
ImageDartTM:
Image Dart will enable users of Blue Dart's Apex (Air Package Express) and Surface line
services to download Proof Of Delivery (POD) and Delivery Challans (DC) online, from
the Blue Dart website. The image has complete delivery details including the consignee's
signature and comments and will be made available on Blue Dart's website 48 hours after
delivery of the shipment. With Image Dart, Blue Dart customers will now be able to
realise their collections from their own customers much faster, saving them interest costs
and making their billing and recovery cycle, and supply chain more efficient.
E-commerce Initiatives
E-vision:
To enable global connectivity to Blue Dart's present and future interactive
technology strengths, for value added solutions.
To facilitate seamless integrated transportation, distribution and supply chain
management, from, to and within the region, thereby increasing value to our customers
and shareholders.
As a technology leader in the business of supply-chain management in the
country, Blue Dart Express Limited recognized the far-reaching scope of the internet in
1996, and has been exploring web-based solutions to extend the range of services
available to its customers and integrate them into its core products. It has evolved an estrategy.
This e-strategy encompasses E-Solutions to deliver additional process
efficiencies to business by allowing them access to Blue Darts e-shipping tools and
integration with its e-business tools. An individual solution is available for each business,
big or small, transacting off the internet or on the internet, and ranging from a stand-alone
to a fully integrated one.
Shipping
Uses the following tools to simplify the shipping process:
Location Finder: Find the service locations of Blue Dart as well as the Blue Dart
counter located closest to you. You may search by city, or pin code to find one of
over 13,880 locations serviced in India, Nepal, Bangladesh or Bhutan or in more
than 220 countries and territories worldwide.
Transit Time Finder: Check the transit times for your domestic and international
shipments, and for the various services offered by Blue Dart to help you identify
the service that meets your requirements
Price Finder: Calculate your shipping costs for your domestic and international
shipments by using our Price Finder. If you are a regular customer in need of
customized pricing.
Schedule a pickup on-line from anywhere in the world.
Ship DartTM: A complete downloadable package for all Shipping and Tracking
needs of frequent, high-volume users and e-shops.
Billing
The Bills and Payments tool enables credit customers to receive invoices online. You
may view your out standings and download and print the invoice. You have the option to
pay on-line, either through internet banking or credit card.
You will receive the following on request:
Invoice
Debit Note
Blue Dart Aviation Ltd. was incorporated in May 1994 as a 100% subsidiary of
Blue Dart Express Limited, and launched its operations with a fleet of 2 Boeing 737-200
freighters on the 17th June 1996. Blue Dart Aviation Ltd. was created primarily to
support the growing demands of Blue Dart Express Ltd. In an express industry where
growth, year over year, consistently exceeded 35%, the management viewed the delivery
capabilities of the domestic airlines inadequate and a limitation to the explosive growth
of air express.
The restricted day flights and capacities oriented to passenger requirements were
not consonant with the demands of the express market, which is committed to morning
deliveries that rely on guaranteed space and late night operations. Taking a cue from the
enormous success of the U.S. express industry, which started with a 4% share in 1977,
averaged a compounded annual growth rate of 25% and progressed to claim close to 60%
of the U.S. market, Blue Dart Express Ltd. made a path-breaking decision to create its
own infrastructure and buy its own aircraft. It set up the first and, till date, only domestic
freighter operations in India.
The night operations were designed to meet the specific needs of the business
community as they focused on late night cut-offs and early morning deliveries.
Shipments originating from a city at the end of the business day could arrive before the
start of the next business day at their destinations. Customers could now rely on air
capacity that was focused to service business needs and not passenger travel schedules.
Demand for express package services surged, spurring capacity addition and Blue Dart
added a fifth aircraft to its fleet in 2004.
Blue Dart Express Limited has divested 60% of its shareholding in Blue Dart
Aviation Ltd. on 11th March 2005, and Blue Dart Aviation has since been contracted to
provide dedicated services to Blue Dart Express Limited.
Blue Dart Aviation Ltd. has many firsts to its credit:
The first Indian-manufactured main deck loaders at all its 5 on-line stations Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata. The specs were provided by Blue
Dart Aviation, and design and manufacture undertaken by a Coimbatore-based
manufacturer, MAK Control, in a 4-month period at less than 20% of the cost of the
international equivalent.
In collaboration with the Madras Institute of Technology, it has developed the only
Indian software for handling of the Load and Trim Sheet, STAB (System of
Trimming and Balancing), curtailing handling time by 80%. It has also developed
the following software applications, in-house, that have resulted in improved safety
standards, enhanced efficiency in daily operations, better time-management, lower
manpower costs, and cost-savings in operations because of increased fuel
efficiency:
-
Its own maintenance capability to clear aircraft through the D-Check level.
Warehouses at all the 6 airports are equipped with X-ray machines, making it the
only private operator capable of accepting freight without the requisite coolingperiod for security.
the organization. Given the high operating costs and decreasing yields, this facility
provides international airlines a cost-effective option to restrict their on-line stations
and enhance their marketing possibilities by utilizing the distribution capabilities of
Blue Dart Aviation
A third aircraft was inducted into the network in February 2001, to meet increased
customer demand. A fourth aircraft was acquired in June 2003 to augment capacity and
connect a sixth aviation hub, Hyderabad, and a fifth aircraft has been inducted in
December 2004, to support Blue Dart's future expansion plans.
SERVICES
Air cargo Movement
Blue Dart is established with a commitment to grow and meet the requirement of
movement of Express and Cargo loads within the country and also support the interline
movement of Cargo. Blue Dart has planned to specialize in domestic Charter to meet the
growing needs of quick and reliable movement of cargo.
Maintenance and Engineering
Blue Dart has established captive consumption, maintenance facilities for servicing,
rectification and repair of B737-200 aircraft including modification. The established
facilities are equipped to undertake D Check, SSID, and CPCP. Service bays for radio,
electrical, wheels & brakes are also established. Blue Dart continuously and
progressively strives to enhance the above capabilities.
Third Party Jobs
Blue Dart has in-built capacity to undertake third party maintenance, repairs,
modification on airframe, including modification of component in service bays. The
above facilities have been availed by various airlines in the course of thirty months from
inception.
Software Development
Blue Dart has developed in - house various packages to meet the requirements; Flight
Updating Scheduling Inquiries and Operational Notes - FUSION, System for Aircraft
Logistics Inventory Management - SALIM, System for DFDR Analysis for Crew
Performance Monitoring - SODA, System of Aircraft Trimming and Balancing - STAB.
The above systems are in use by Blue Dart and can be modified for specific customer
needs.
BLUE DART
Flight Schedule
FLT.
SECTOR
MAA
BLR
ETD
2255
2355
ETA
2340
2355
DAYS OF OPS
1,2,3,4,5
6
BLR
BOM
25
125
200
300
2,3,4,5,6
7
BOM
DEL
245
345
445
545
2,3,4,5,6
7
DEL
CCU
530
630
735
835
2,3,4,5,6
7
CCU
DEL
2230
2330
45
145
1,2,3,4,5
6
DEL
BOM
150
250
350
450
2,3,4,5,6
7
BOM
BLR
435
535
610
710
2,3,4,5,6
7
BLR
MAA
715
815
800
900
2,3,4,5,6
7
MAA
BOM
2250
2350
35
135
1,2,3,4,5
6
BOM
DEL
120
220
320
420
2,3,4,5,6
7
DEL
BLR
405
505
645
745
2,3,4,5,6
7
BLR
DEL
20
120
300
400
2,3,4,5,6
7
DEL
BOM
345
445
545
645
2,3,4,5,6
7
BOM
HYD
630
730
745
845
2,3,4,5,6
7
HYD
MAA
BZ102
BZ201
BZ103
BZ301
830
930
2,3,4,5,6
930
1030
7
Note: 1 = Mon, 2 = Tue, 3 = Wed, 4 = Thur, 5 = Fri, 6 = Sat, 7= Sun
Methodology
Background
Logistics in Blue Dart
With organizations moving towards close to perfect standards like Six Sigma,
interaction with logistics suppliers has taken on a critical role moving up sometimes to
the level of the CEO of the organization.
Blue Dart Express Limited applied and found solutions to these critical demands
much before other players could even recognize their need. Through its exceptional
people processes, superior technology, and stress on quality systems over the last, almost
two decades now, Blue Dart was quick to fulfill these needs.
Blue Dart Express Limited applied and found solutions to these critical demands
much before other players could even recognize their need. Through its exceptional
people processes, superior technology, and stress on quality systems over the last, almost
two decades now, Blue Dart was quick to fulfill these needs.
Blue Dart not only handles large volumes and oversize packages overnight - it
also provides the industry with status of their shipments and retrieves such records as are
necessary for billing. The entire cycle has been considerably shortened, enabling the
industry to achieve healthy bottom lines.
Establish requirement
& constraints for the
proposed system
Audit
Develop costs for the
proposed system
Operate
Implement
Develop logistics
organization
Develop logistics
management system
Conduct financial
analysis
Develop an
implementation
Development of recommendations
The findings from the optimum simulation must then be complied into a series of
specific, practical recommendations which can be implemented in the real world. The
best approach is to organize them in the form an action plan, showing the recommended
implementation sequence, milestones, deadlines and major resource requirement.
Proofs of delivery
scan
The following figures shows the model they follow in Karnataka for various operations
ITPL
ULS
PNY
CGM
JNR
Delivered to customer
APT
..
Nth
COSMAT
DART APEX
INBOUND OPERATION
Delivered to customer
COSMAT
..
Nth
DART SURFACE
INBOUND OPERATION
Delivered to customer
..
Nth
COSMAT
Thus the out bound operation happens to be in the evening and the shipment will
be cleared by the night and shipped to the destination by various modes of transportation
and thus will be delivered to the customer with in one day in metros and two days to
other parts of the Karnataka. Thus the operation is carried over night and they are quick
enough to deliver to the customer with high speed
OUTBOUND OPERATION
COSMAT
COSMAT
INTERNATIONAL SERVICES:
In international logistics systems, there is need to determine the best ports of
loading and unloading, and the best border customs points. Another very important
consideration in international logistics systems is that of optimal transfer prices. The
logistics network must be designed in such a way that it takes maximum advantage of tax
differentials and other national factors in arriving at the optimal structure. DHL is
responsible for the International services has it has the strategic alliance with Blue Dart,
the model is shown below:
Container transported to
HUB by road through vans
COSMAT
Problem Statement
A change in the lifestyle of consumer and increase in competition generate issues
like customer loyalty, pricing and quality of products and services offered taking
prominence. The logistics management for changing business environment is the main
area of consideration in the project.
Data Source
The sources of data are mainly the primary data by obtaining the customer or
industry information by interviewing the personnel. This project solely focuses on the
secondary data source that can be classified on the basis of sources as internal data as
extracted from companies Data Bases.
Data Collection:
Observational Studies
The data is collected by regular observation at Hubs & Service Centers. The
model is designed by involving in the fields and observation done on the various process
in the Hubs and different service centers in Bangalore
Research Type:
Descriptive Research
As the research is based on the objective of evaluating the effectiveness of the logistics
and requires recommendation for improving its efficiency, requirement is to give a
precise model that will remove the flaws in the existing model. This required an in depth
study of current model
Research Limitations:
Since this study is company-specific and confined only to Karnataka.
Findings of the study and the conclusion are drawn on the basis of observation
and interviews
Generation of new hypothetical datasheets was feasible but not revealing. As such
the study needs to be undertaken by generating datasheet under hypothetical
condition.
Investment pattern to the implementation of new model cannot be estimated
accurately because of lack of data and analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
DATA MINING
The term data mining describes the concept of discovering knowledge from
databases. The idea behind data mining is the process of identifying valid, novel, useful,
and ultimately understandable pattern in data. Similar to traditional mining where we
search beneath the surface for valuable ore, data mining searches large databases for
indispensable information for managing an organization.
As mentioned in the previously that with respect to this project its very essential
to understand the effect and patters of each and every step in whole process because the
data is not too large whole of the population can be used for the inference so sampling
should not be done.
b. Modify
Based on the data obtained in the exploration phase the new model design is
difficult, the process they follow is quit efficient and can yield good result, but the major
problem in the existing model is that they need to fast enough in scanning the documents
and in loading the goods and minimize the human interface. They should try to adopt
auto scan or the super tracker in place of the bar code scanner.
c. Model
On the basis of the obtained data the model is constructed which helps in
improving the efficiency of the current model. Following is the step-by-step process of
tailored logistics, which is used for the process of decision making in this project.
Demand
Flow chart for the process of program
If yes
If no
Thus according to the above specified flow chart it is observed and estimated that
there is delay in the getting the materials and processing it from the pick up point to the
hub to destination. Further it is identified that the major part of the time is delayed by the
employees in getting the shipment from the pick point to the service centers and there is
delay in entering the details of the customer because of the wired bar code scanner. Bar
code scanner does not perform all the functions, and these data are feed manually
Thus the new models which are developed are as follows which may be more efficient
and effective than the pervious model.
Domestic Priority
INBOUND OPERATION
ITPL
ULS
PNY
CGM
JNR
Delivered to customer
APT
..
Nth
Auto scan
DART APEX
INBOUND OPERATION
Delivered to customer
Auto scan
..
Nth
DART SURFACE
INBOUND OPERATION
Container received in inbound Station by
air or road (HUB)
Delivered to customer
Scanning
..
Nth
Auto scan
Super Tracker
Auto scan
d. Assessment
As the model is ready the next step being assessment, which could indicate the
superiority of this model over the previous model.
Two Strategies
Alternative one
If there is no change in the information available for Blue dart they will have to
adjust their business through internal changes. After getting an idea about how Blue dart
new transportation model will affect, Blue dart will be able to make internal changes
towards a more effective logistics. Where in all shipments can directly scan from the
HUB .This way of going towards a more effective logistics is the simplest solution for the
present situation since it does not include any much technical investments. The only
requirement will be increase speed of the shipments in HUB and in the service centers
with some new technical modification. Following this alternative Blue dart have to adjust
its transportation according to Model suggested, so as to make the shipments reach the
destination in an cost effective manner and with high speed
Alternative two
The model suggested on logistics aspects though is superior to existing Model but
when we focus on the shipments from the hub to the service centers with auto scan there
may be a chance of risk associated with it, it shows that its not a feasible option as the
cost is concerned because of loading and unloading will be higher when there is a multi
point delivery. But if there is an increase in demand to reach the destinations soon within
Karnataka then Blue dart should shift to new Model where in shipments can be scanned
directly and time is minimized and with less time it can reach the destination from Blue
dart. It is feasible to directly scan the shipments from service centers and forward it to
destinations instead of wasting time in entering the data and delaying.
There is no much alteration done in the model but should adopt new technology to
speed the process with super tracker, auto scan.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Integration of the supply chain has, for many years, been a powerful and
compelling enabler across a wide range of industries. As a result, many of the core supply
chain concepts and principles have been put into practice in a much more effective way.
These concepts include: information sharing, multi-party collaboration, design for supply
chain management, postponement for mass customization, outsourcing and partnerships,
and extended or joint performance measures. The information technology has allowed
companies to come up with highly innovative solutions that accelerated the adoption of
these core supply chain principles. The recommendation can be done in improving the
technology and try to motivate the employees to be efficient and provide proper training
to under stand the customer and increase the sales
The company should examine the mechanism to add value through logistics. The
following chart is quite helpful
NO
Ensure increase in
customer value
Monitor employees
performance
YES
Replenishes documents so
as to lower their inventories
YES
Ensure employees
profitability
NO
Generic Aspect:
Implementing Effective logistics
For effective logistics, solutions need to be provided in order to improve response
time, shorter sales cycles, order tracking done online, reduce physical inventory,
customized reports which can be done anytime and anywhere, lessen cost for wider
reach, lower transactional cost, and with complete security.
Following are some of the major points which is helpful in creating the Effective
logistics
The strategy should be to increase core domestic revenues through cross selling of the
existing and new service to their large and diverse customer base and to employ
technology-driven efficiencies to increase operating profit
Many companies have decided to out source the part of their logistics to cut cost and
to improve service.
Blue dart should redesign and operate supply chains for major companies in the India
They should focus on the technology and the management-based solutions for their
customers rather than the more traditional logistics
Blue dart should continue to develop more e-business tools and provide
more
Supply chain integration must be accomplished not only within one enterprise but
also within those of its customers and employers (and often their customers' as well).
Processes within all of these organizations must be evaluated and updated or even
overhauled to meet efficiency and logistical expectations. Information visibility will help
companys to include more dynamic, collaborative communication networks in their
Choice of transport
Determine the distribution network in terms of number of service centers and the
size
Sharing Benefits
Sharing benefits is an important success factor for many companies. Although there
are a lot of challenges to the implementation, the gains to be realized with the supply
chain outweigh the concerns and hence more and more organizations are moving towards
automating their supply chain. The benefits should be equally shared within supply chain
members; it is not good to sacrifice others benefit for gaining more, and this kind of
relationship will not last long.
In order to provide with the above solutions for the challenges faced, the solution
provider has to analyze and design supply chains for the static conditions, forecast
demand, current costs, etc. The ideal supply chain for one set of conditions is almost
surely not ideal for another. As conditions are certain to change, hence supply chain
should be continuously be revised. End-to-end solutions are to be provided to help
manage the business and mobile sales and delivery team enabling and ensuring superior
customer service and product availability without losing control of costs.
The solutions provided by using state of art technology which enable to setup and
tightly integrate the accounting, order management, HR, 3 party logistics providers and
other enterprise solutions to improve cycle times by facilitating exchange of critical data,
Apply vertical solutions Strategic logistics will look beyond its own parish to
check for optimization at the other nodes on the companys value chain.
Virtual integrated logistics :One stop shop for all logistical requirements
by 10 to 15 percent if the virtual logistics model is implemented by all the agencies in its
totality.
The approach for virtual logistics network is comprised of solutions, which are built
on services, which are, in turn, comprised of competencies.
Competencies:
These are the building blocks that enable an organizations service offerings. Typically, a
given competency plays a role in more than one service but, in some instances, a
competency may also be a service in its own right.
Services:
Services are the market needs. These are the comprehensive capabilities that customers
want and understand. Shipper includes third party logistics providers, freight forwarders,
demand aggregators and any party who needs to ship goods. Carrier represents truck load
carriers, less than truck load carriers, intercontinental carriers/ocean liners, small package
carriers, cargo airlines, and rail.
Fig: Markets Services Competencies Solution Framework for Virtual Logistics Network
E- Market makers
Suppliers, Distributors
Virtual
logistics
Application
services
Info-mediary
Transportation providers
Shipment & capacity brokers
3 party logistics providers
Dynamic
Trade
Ware house
integration
Demand and
capacity agg
Tracking
Fulfillment
management
Claims
integration
Auctions
Yield m/g
Interaction m/g
Logistics
Management
Billing
&payments
Exchanges
Revenue m/g
Campaign m/g
Network
design
Notified
service
Shipment
tracking
Matching
optimization
Electronics
billing
Customer value
analysis
Import/
export
integration
Strategic
sourcing
Transportation
e-market
Contract
generation
EFT
Core integration
Virtual Logistics:
This solution is intended for organization that is willing to have a third party manage
their entire transportation, logistics and fulfillment needs. The primary customers for this
organization are the ones who desire to focus on their core competencies and let the
expert handle the rest.
Conclusions:
The virtual logistics network framework addresses services in the areas such as asset
management, logistics productivity, global reach, inventory chain optimization,
distribution management, reverse logistics, warehouse management, transport capacity
matching, transport brokerage and real time interface with federal agencies for speedy
document clearance. The brokers/agents could make use of this portal and in turn advice
their clients i.e. individual truck owners/operators to increase the utilization of trucks at
least in the return trips. In addition, if all the check posts are linked with concerned
government agencies the delay could be considerably reduced. These processes in turn
increase the productivity of the truck and enhance the profitability of operators.
MATERIAL HANDLING
In the last several years materials handling has become a new, complex, rapidly
evolving science. A huge range of new techniques, devices and machines has been
introduced and different methods have been developed for handling different products.
Any type of goods movement that is performed more than a few times per hour is worth
mechanizing.
Trolleys:
Hand trolleys are relatively small and slow so they are really only efficient with small
volumes over short distances. Motorized trolleys like tow trains, conveyor towed trolleys
and automated guided vehicles can carry multiple unit loads over long distance with a
relatively low labour costs. Various trolleys are:
Manual trolleys
Roll pallets
Motorized trolleys
Toe trains
Driverless trolleys
Forklift trucks
The main advantage of this machine is that, as well as transporting material, they can
load and unload other vehicles and lift pallet loads up high for storage. Major types of
trucks are;
Straddle truck
Reach truck
Counterbalanced truck
Conveyors
Conveyors excel at straightforward transportation because they eliminate rehandling
before and after each function. These days they can also be loaded and unloaded
automatically. They have the advantage of being able to take away a carton, a work tote
or a unit load as it becomes available. No extra labour is needed.
Conveyors of various types
BIBILOGRAPHY
References:
Supply chain management by Logistics management by ERP by
Alexis Leonpublished by Tata McGraw Hill,2003
From Jeff Ashcroft. Youre Guide to Logistics / Supply Chain, article 2005
Web sites:
www.google.com
www.onlylogistic.com
www.logismarket.co.uk
www.total-logistics.co.uk
Database:
Journal:
Business Magazines:
Economic Times.
Business Standard