Table of Content

I.

Introduction

History of Bureau of Fire Protection in the Philippines

Brief History of Isabela City Fire Station
History of Wildfire
Wildfire

II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.

Instrumentation
Causes and Effect
Common Problem
Recommendation
Conclusion
Reference

History of Bureau of Fire Protection in the Philippines

The Bureau of Fire Protection (Filipino: Kawanihan ng Pagtatanggol sa Sunog) is an
agency of the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) responsible for
implementing national policies related to Firefighting and Protection as well as implementation
of the Philippine Fire Code (PD 1185), which was repealed and replaced by the New Fire Code
of the Philippines (RA 9514). Formerly known as the Constabulary Fire Protection Bureau,
the BFP is in charge of the administration and management of municipal and city fire and
emergency services all over the country. The BFP traces its roots from the defunct Constabulary
Fire Protection Bureau, then later PC-INP Office of Fire Protection Service.
The agency was founded on January 29, 1991, pursuant to the provisions of Republic Act 6975,
which established the Department of Interior and Local Government. The bureau now is in
charge of management, administration, and implementation of Fire and emergency services all
over the country.

Vision and Mission

The mission of the Bureau of Fire Protection
To prevent and suppress destruction caused by fires. Implement the provisions of RA 9514.
Provide emergency medical and rescue services to the general public.
The Vision of the Bureau of Fire Protection
A modern fire protection agency working towards a safe and progressive society.

The Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the
following functions:

Be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires on:

Building, houses and other structures;

Forest;
Land transportation vehicles and equipment;
Ships and vessels docked at piers or wharves anchored in major sea ports;
Petroleum industry installations;
Plane crashes; and
Other similar activities

Be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines (PD 1185) and
other related laws;

Shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires and if necessary, file the proper
complaint with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction over the case;

In the time of national emergency, all elements of the BFP shall upon direction of the
President, assist the AFP in meeting the national emergency; and

Shall establish at least one (1) fire station with adequate personnel, firefighting facilities
and equipment in every provincial capital, city and municipality subject to standard rules
and regulations as maybe promulgated by the DILG.

Brief history of Isabela City Fire Station

The enactment of R.A 6975 also known as the Department of Interior and Local Government
act of 1990, which took effect on January 1,1991 The DILG act Created three(3) Bureaus,
The Philippine National Police (PNP), Bureau of Jail management and Penology (BJMP),
and Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in Mindanao, specifically in the Province of Basilan,
Provincial Capitol. There are twenty-three (23) former Fire Officer of Isabela Municipal Fire
Station Headed by; FINSP. Juan Lim (Ret), FINSP Melanio Mancenido (Ret), FINSP
Reynaldo Irong (Ret), FINSP Wilfredo Balansag (Ret), FINSP Ramon Seneca (Ret) FINSP
Nestor Garcia (Ret), FINSP Rolando Atilano (Ret), FINSP Eleno Aroy (Ret), FINSP
Recardo Estrada (Ret), SFO4 Roberto Ong (Ret), SFO4 Edgardo Mirasol (Ret), SFO3
Arhusar Edris, SFO3 Ignacio de jesus, SFO3 Benjamin Jaafar (Ret), SFO3 Edgardo
Molina (Ret), SFO3 Mario Fernando (Ret), SFO3 Celso Garniel (Ret), SFO2 Ernesto Luna
(Ret), FO3 Legaspi Bohong. When the Basilan Provincial Capitol building was razed down by
fire to include surrounding government building; Fire Station, Police Station, Provincial Jail,
Provincial Telephone System in 1993, the Isabela Fire Station was temporarily transferred at
Strong Boulevard, Barangay Seaside Isabela Basilan. In 1994, during the time of former Mayor
Leonardo Pioquinto, the Municipal and Provincial Government donated a lot for the
establishment of new Isabela Fire Station building at Barangay Sunrise, Isabela City.
Construction of the said building was funded by the Bureau of fire Protection in 2001, when the
Municipality of Isabela became a chartered City, the Fire Station was separated into two, the
Office of the Provincial Fire Marshal Basilan and the Isabela City Fire Station. The Isabela City
Fire Station was retaining in region IX and under OPFM Zamboanga Sibugay. The Former Fire
Officials in Isabela City Fire Station are; FINSP Melanio Mancenido (Ret) (Oct. 24,2000-Dec.
3, 2002), FINSP. Virgilio Alvarez (Ret) (Dec. 4, 2002-June 15, 2006), FSR.INSP. Dionisio T.
Cayudong (Ret) (June 16, 2011-Jan. 15, 2014) and now the present Fire Marshal is FINSP.
Usman A. Husin who was assume last January 16, 2014.

History of Wildfire

The name wildfire was once a synonym for Greek fire but now refers to any large or
destructive conflagration. Wildfires differ from other fires in that they take place outdoors in
areas of grassland, woodlands, bush land, scrubland, peat land, and other wooded areas that
act as a source of fuel, or combustible material. Buildings may become involved if a wildfire
spreads to adjacent communities. While the causes of wildfires vary and the outcomes are
always unique, all wildfires can be characterized in terms of their physical properties, their fuel
type, and the effect that weather has on the fire. Wildfire behavior and severity result from the
combination of factors such as available fuels, physical setting, and weather. While wildfires can
be large, uncontrolled disasters that burn through 0.4 to 400 square kilometers (100 to 100,000
acres) or more, they can also be as small as 0.001 square kilometers (0.25 acres; 1,000 m2) or
less. Although smaller events may be included in wildfire modeling, most do not earn press
attention. This can be problematic because public fire policies, which relate to fires of all sizes,
are influenced more by the way the media portrays catastrophic wildfires than by small fires.

Wildfire

A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire in an area of combustible vegetation that occurs in the

countryside or a wilderness area. Other names such as brush fire, bush fire, forest fire, desert
fire, grass fire, hill fire, peat fire, vegetation fire, and veld fire may be used to describe the
same phenomenon depending on the type of vegetation being burned, and the regional variant of
English being used. A wildfire differs from other fires by its extensive size, the speed at which it
can spread out from its original source, its potential to change direction unexpectedly, and its
ability to jump gaps such as roads, rivers and fire breaks. Wildfires are characterized in terms of
the cause of ignition, their physical properties such as speed of propagation, the combustible
material present, and the effect of weather on the fire.

Wildfires are a common occurrence in Australia; because of the generally hot and dry
climate, they pose a great risk to life and infrastructure during all times of the year, though
mostly throughout the hotter months of summer and spring In the United States, there are
typically between 60,000 and 80,000 wildfires that occur each year, burning 3 million to 10
million acres of land depending on the year. Fossil records and human history contain accounts
of wildfires, as wildfires can occur in periodic intervals. Wildfires can cause extensive damage,
both to property and human life, but they also have various beneficial effects on wilderness
areas. Some plant species depend on the effects of fire for growth and reproduction. Although
large wildfires may also have negative ecological effects.

Instrumentation
Wildfires occur when all of the necessary elements of a fire triangle come together in a
susceptible area: an ignition source is brought into contact with a combustible material such as
vegetation, which is subjected to sufficient heat and has an adequate supply of oxygen from the
ambient air. High moisture content usually prevents ignition and slows propagation, because
higher temperatures are required to evaporate any water within the material and heat the material
to its fire point. Dense forests usually provide more shade, resulting in lower ambient
temperatures and greater humidity, and are therefore less susceptible to wildfires. Less dense
material such as grasses and leaves are easier to ignite because they contain less water than
denser material such as branches and trunks. Plants continuously lose water by
evapotranspiration, but water loss is usually balanced by water absorbed from the soil, humidity,
or rain when this balance is not maintained, plants dry out and are therefore more flammable,
often a consequence of droughts.

Causes and Effects

The most common cause of wildfires varies throughout the world. For example,
lightning is the major source of ignition. In other parts of the world, human involvement is a
major contributor; wildfires can be attributed to human activities such as animal husbandry,
agriculture, and land-conversion burning. Human carelessness is a major cause of the source
of wildfires can be traced to both lightning strikes and human activities such as machinery
sparks and cast-away cigarette butts. Typically more than six times the number of wildfires is
caused by human means such as campfires and controlled agricultural burns than by natural
means. However, in any given year there could be far more acres burned by wildfires that are
started by natural means than by human. Wildfires are caused by a combination of natural
factors such as topography, fuels, and weather. Other than reducing human infractions, only fuels
may be altered to affect future fire risk and behavior. Heat, droughts, cyclical climate changes

such as El Nio, and regional weather patterns such as high-pressure ridges can increase the risk
and alter the behavior of wildfires dramatically. Years of precipitation followed by warm periods
can encourage more widespread fires and longer fire seasons. Since the mid-1980s, earlier
snowmelt and associated warming has also been associated with an increase in length and
severity of the wildfire season in the Western United States. However, one individual element
does not always cause an increase in wildfire activity. For example, wildfires will not occur
during a drought unless accompanied by other factors, such as lightning (ignition source) and
strong winds (mechanism for rapid spread).

Common Problem

There are plenty of immediate concerns in a fire: protecting homes and businesses, saving
lives, limiting the number of acres consumed and so on. But increasingly, researchers and
policymakers are finding that the lingering health and safety impacts of wildfires may be far
more worrisome and more widespread.
The most noticeable common problem of wildfires is its effects rather than its causes. The
destruction of property and biomass are one of the seen effects of wildfire. However, the release
of hazardous chemicals from the burning of wild land fuels significantly impacts health in
humans. Wildfire smoke is composed primarily of carbon dioxide and water vapor.
The degree of wildfire smoke exposure to an individual is dependent on the length,
severity, duration, and proximity of the fire. People are exposed directly to smoke via the
respiratory tract though inhalation of air pollutants. Indirectly, communities are exposed to

wildfire debris that can contaminate soil and water supplies. Firefighters are at the greatest risk
for acute and chronic health effects resulting from wildfire smoke exposure. Due to firefighters
occupational duties, they are frequently exposed to hazardous chemicals at a close proximity for
longer periods of time.
The unnoticeable common problem of wildfire is its causes, wherein human has a large
contribution on it. Climate change, Global warming, pollution is some examples of unseen
causes which give risk to a wildfire attack.

Recommendation

I recommend that wildfires be treated like other natural disasters, such as earthquakes
or floods, where officials focus on adaptation and loss mitigation as opposed to prevention and
response. The federal government currently spends billions of pesos each year fighting and
controlling wildfires; up to half of that expense is spent defending homes and structures built in
fire-prone areas. Development in these areas has increased since this strategy was implemented
because the federal government has demonstrated its willingness to protect public and private
structures in these areas.

Conclusion

I also conclude that the fire protector should always take advantage in all circumstances
on this kind of wildfire because it is so dangerous. They should always focus in this kind of
situation so that it will not take a big damage to the forest or in any place that wildfire would
occur.

Reference

www.ltrr.arizona.edu
www.wikipedia.com

Wildfire Phenomenal

THE COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION A STUDENT OF

BASILAN STATE COLLEGE: A CASE ANALYSIS

Presented to the
Faculty of College of Criminal justice Education of Basilan State College

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of Practicum 2

(On-the-Job Training)

Presented By:
Hadjirul , Jay-Ar T.