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Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J.

Welch
and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Contents
Contributors
Preface

ix
xiii

Production of Radionuclides in Accelerators


David J. Schlyer

Accelerators Available for Isotope Production


Thomas J. Ruth

71

Reactor Production of Radionuclides


Leonard F. Mausner and Saed Mirzadeh

87

Chemistry of Nitrogen-13 and Oxygen-15


John C. Clark and Franklin I. Aigbirhio

119

Aspects on the Synthesis of 11C-LabelIed Compounds


Gunnar Antoni, Tor Kihlberg and Bengt Lngstrom

141

Chemistry of Fluorine-18 Radiopharmaceuticals


Scott E. Snyder and Michael R. Kilbourn

195

Production and Application of Synthetic Precursors Labeled with


Carbon-11 and Fluorine-18
Richard A. Ferrieri

. , 229

Automation for the Synthesis and Application of PET Radiopharmaceuticals


David L. Alexoff

283

Design and Synthesis of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]Fluoro-D-Glucose (18FDG)


Joanna S. Fowler and Tatsuo Ido

307

vi
10 Technetium Radiopharmaceuticals
Ashfaq Mahmood and Alun G. Jones

323

11

Chemistry of Gallium and Indium Radiopharmaceuticals


Ronald E. Weiner and Mathew L. Thakur

363

12

Chemistry of Copper Radionuclides and Radiopharmaceutical Products


Carolyn J. Anderson, Mark A. Green and Yasuhisa Fujibayashi

401

13 Chemistry Applied to Iodine Radionuclides


Ronald Finn

423

14 Radiobromine for Imaging and Therapy


Douglas J. Rowland, Timothy J. McCarthy and Michael J. Welch

441

15

467

Development of Radiolabeled Probes to Monitor Gene Therapy


Chyng- Yann Shiue and Stephen L. Eck

16 Mechanism of Target Specific Uptake Using Examples of


Muscarinic Receptor Binding Radiotracers
William C. Eckelman

487

17 Strategies for Quantifying PET Imaging Data from


Tracer Studies of Brain Receptors and Enzymes
Jean Logan

501

18

Radiopharmaceuticals for Studying the Heart


Dah-Ren Hwang and Steven R. Bergmann

529

19

PET Imaging Studies in Drug Abuse Research


Joanna S. Fowler, Nora D. Volkow, Yu-Shin Ding, Jean Logan and Gene-Jack Wang

557

20

Research and Clinical Application of Neuroreceptor Imaging


Henry N. Wagner, Jr. and Zsolt Szabo

581

21

Dynamic Neurotransmitter Interactions Measured with PET


Wynne K. Schiffer and Stephen L. Dewey

603

22 Tumor Imaging
Roland Hustinx and Abass Alavi

629

23

643

Radiolabeled Peptides for Tumor Imaging


Linda C. Knight

CONTENTS

vii

24

Radiolabeled Antibodies for Tumor Imaging and Therapy


Michael R. Zalutsky and Jason S. Lewis

685

25

Receptor Imaging of Tumors (Non-Peptide)


John A. Katzenellenbogen

715

26

Pulmonary Function Imaging with PET Radiopharmaceuticals


P. H. Elsinga and W. Vaalburg

751

27

Considerations in the Selection of Radionuclides for Cancer Therapy


Amin I. Kassis and S. James Adelstein

767

28

Radiopharmaceuticals for the Study of Liver and Renal Function


David R. Vera, Carl K. Hoh, Robert C. Stadalnik and Kenneth A. Krohn

795

Index

823

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications. Edited by Michael J. Welch


and Carol S. Redvanly
Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-471-49560-3

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