Cooly Tamil - Well

THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
COOhY TAMIk
AS UNDERSTOOD BY LABOURERS
ON
TEA and RUBBER ESTATES.
SPECIALLY ARRANGED FOR PLANTERS AND
PLANTING STUDENTS.
By
W.
G. B.
WELLS.
Colombo:
'Ceylon Obskkybk'' Psssa
1915.
Digitized by the Internet Archive

in
2008
with funding from
Microsoft Corporation
http://www.archive.org/details/coolytamilasundeOOwell
~Pl
INTRODUCTION.
W.
Judging by my own experience, it seems to me a little knowledge of how Tamil words are inflected and how tenses and sentences are formed will enable the planter to overcome many of the
difficulties he meets with when learning cooly Tamil orally.
I
have ventured, therefore, to adopt a system rather different to that
given in previous Tamil Handbooks published for the planter's
use, my sole aim being to place in the hands of the "creeper" a
book that will assist him to learn the *'ungrammatical" language
of the cooly, and help him to understand, and make himself
understood, after comparatively short study.
In doing this I have adopted a simple method of spelling, in
which every letter must be pronounced so that words are kept as
slu irt ;is possible and the use of long words, difficult to remember,
,
is
obviated.
Then again, by repeating the values of the vowels on each

page, eonimitting them to memory becomes almost mechanical,
and accurate pronunciation should soon be acquired.
In some words the difference in sound between
'd,'
't'
and
often difficult to distinguish, so in order to obviate having

various words spelt exactly alike and causing confusion I have
sometimes interchanged the use of these letters ; (and kept 'th*
always hard as in English 'the').
Also, there are instances
where words would be precisely similar if the exact sound were
reproduced, such as in yen my, and ye why; the latter really
being also yen (it often has a slight nasal sound of jeng).
tt
is
Further, I have tried to keep the ending vowel, or syllable,

the same in words of the same 'Part of Speech' in order to assist
recognition in reading, even at the expense of slight variation
from the real pronunciation, which would be hardly noticeable.
(I)
1 should have employed a 'long* e (S) and n, 'long' i
in addition to the vowel sounds given, but I have omitted these
The former
in order to limit the number of vowels to be learnt.
is represented by ordinary e and i together, sounded slightly apart,
while the latter is only indicated, as 'ee' in been, shewn against
important words in the Vocabulary, as the lengthening of i,
in the few words where it occurs, will quickly be acquired by
practice.
may
point out that the discrepancies in pronunciation among

themselves is often considerable, according to what part
of India they come from. There may be some exceptions to the
I
coolies
1367135
INTRODUCTION.
11
rules for formation of Tenses traceable, but not sufficiently important for special mention.
The grammar section is short and simple, and if once read

through, however roughly, a general idea of the language will be
obtained, and, what is probably more important, the fear that the
idea of grammar usually produces will be dispelled
1
The Vocabularies (English-Tamil and Tamil-English) contain

a large collection of every-day words for estate use,
I have actually heard in use.
all of
which
In the Sentences I have given reference numbers to

paragraphs, so that words can be referred to where they are
In the same way in the Vocabularies
dealt with in detail.
numbers refer to the Sentences where the word has been used.
This should be useful to the beginner.
Postscript and Appendix contain some useful common
speech, omitted for the sake of simplicity from the body
of the book, but they should be understood as they can be used
The
form.', of
with advantage.
I
should
be
and corrections
in
glad
a
to
new
consider suggestion for improvements

edition, through the Publishers.
W.
Ratnapura.
G. B.
WELLS.
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
Grammar
...
..
...
...
...
...
...
...
47-70
...
...
...
...
47
...
...
...
...
50
...
...
...
...
52
...
...
...
57
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
60
Planting
...
...
...
...
61
Weeding
...
...
...
...
62
Filling
...
...
...
...
63
...
...
...
64
Sentences
Muster
Plucking
Tipping
Pruning
Manuring
Draining
Rubber Tapping
Recruiting
...
Words Alike yet Dissimilar

Coolies'
Names
...
...
...
66
...
...
...
71
...
...
...
7-1
...
...
77
...
...
78-88
.,
...
78
...
...
79
...
...
84
...
...
sx
...
Contractions and Colloquialisms

Verbs:
...
...
Rules for forming Tensos
59
...
Verbs
...
...
Conjugation of the Verb
Do
of the Auxiliary Verb
English-Tamil Vocabulary
...
Tamil-English Vocabulary
...
...
...
...
...
LSI
Postscript
...
...
...
...
168
Appendix
...
...
...
...
List of
89
172
COOLtY TAMIL*.
PRONUNCIATION.
A.
Consonants
pronounced as
are
following restrictions
in English with the
ch
is
always as in go\
should be rolled with the tip of the tongue,
pronounced as in
PP
P,
'chin'.
is
as in Hhii'
th
as in
'the',
as in
'yes'.
ei
as in 'weight', with
ai
a3 in
NOT as in
'aisle',
with
'both'.
e-i
a-i
slightly separated.
slightly separated.
DOUBLE CONSONANTS have been avoided. Where they

occur it is necessary to pronounce each with its own vowel
and 'tt' of the Past Participle
(with the exception of 'kk'
fork), mu-lu
raul-lu (mullu
and its derivatives). Thus
(inulu whole). Compare English words 'coolly' and 'cooly'.
;
'n' before
Vowels,
a
a
'g'
is
and
'k' is
of course
pronounced
sounded as in Hong',
IIS
'u'
in
,,
,,
>i
))
'a'
)>
II
'e'
))
'i'
Fun.
Father.
Pen,
Pin.
)>
II
'o'
,,
More
,,
>!
II
,,
Rule.
It
It
u'
,,
* 'Hundred' as used colloquially
NOT
u
u
Put (as 'e' in hundred* when final).
as hurt-dread.
Vowols at the ond of words are always short unless otherwise indicated by a long(- mark. Final '1' before 'a'
It must be rememis often dropped in conversation.
bered that in rapid speech vowels often become
slurred and shortened (except the long ones).
REFERENCES ARE TO PARAGRAPHS.
COOLY TAMIL.
KEY TO PRONUNCIATION.
The following
a simple rule for finding the
is
which Tamil Words
(as spelt in this
way
in
book) should be divided
into Syllables, for accurate pronunciation without a tonic

accent such as exists in the English words "present''" and
"present" etc.
Copy down a number
rules and examples below.
of
words and mark them
After very
easy to read correctly at sight.

to be afraid of long words.
Rule
little
There
is,
off' as per
practice it will be
therefore, no need
Start by looking at the end of the word.
Rule 2, If the word ends in a vowel; (a) mark the vowel

off with the consonant before it.
Continue to do this
through the word until you (6) come to two consonants,
then take the next three letters; after that continue
marking off two letters and so on.
Treat
two vowels together as one vowel. When

come together isolate the last and treat
the remaining two as one.
'ch' and 'th' = one consonant.
Rule 3. If the word ends in a consonant, mark off the first
three letters, then continue as in Rule 1.
Ni B,
three vowels
N. B.
Treat the first pair
of three
consonants together
as one consonant.'1
Treat words coupled by an apostrophe as two words,

imagining the dropped vowel only in the absence of
one.*
2- Pak/ka/ti/le,
Examples to Rule
ma/ra/tuk/ku,
i/ruk/
ru/thu, et/ta/ne, a/va/ne, a/thu, vett/nu/thu, 2 vett/nuV

va/thuk/ku, ton/ga/li/run/tu, then/dit/iu, a/ma, am/ma,
poi/chi, lai/a/ti/li/run/tu,
kai/i/le, 1 ku/du/ka/na/ta/the.
]
Examples to Rule 3. El/lam,
ne/ram, ve/num, ku/du/kat/tum, e/du/ka/ma/ten, a/pu/ram, vftit/t'e/du/ka/the 3

(absence of vowel), e/duk/ru'ko/lun/tu 3 (vowel not absent).
Therefore do not say maratiku, irukruthu, tota^'le, kudwkamaten, etc., but gently merge the syllables together without accent.
:
EXERCISE.
A
3. Nan i/ruk/ren, ni i/ruk/ru/thu, nan/

a/van/gal, ye/nuk/ku, u/nuk/ku, a/van/ga/luk/ku
(words not divided here are of course of one syllable).
Taken from
gal, nin/gal,
C 1 Nan ma/lik/ki va/ren. Ni ko/lun/tu

Sur/ru/ka ner/re pu/di.
po.
Kan/ga/ni, anth'al
sur/ru/ka vei/lik/ki a/nu/pu. Anro/ti/le uik/ru/thu, par,
Nan/gal is/to/
th'a/lude ka/cle a/va/luk/ku ku/duk/ru/thu.
ruk/ku po/ren, Kan/ga/nik/ki a/van pes/ruth'il/le. Ni lai/a/Taken from
e/duk/ka
COOLY TAMIL.
tuk/ku po/ru/tha.
Ai/ya, an/tha po/dian el/lam nal/la sak
Se/ri â/thu u/nuk/ku
ka/duk/ka kon/du po/ru/thu.
pii/thii
in/tha ma/lik/ki sak
en/na.
il/lea.
Taken from H 1 Nan ip/po

a/the.
Na/ma pei/chi mu/dint/tu
po'e/la/ma.
Il/le ni po e/ni po'e/lam. Ver vet/ta/kai/i/le pudink'o/nura (imagine dropped vowel '' pujdin[.
athe
Jc[d)olnum.)
To/pal e/le vait/t'e/du/ka/the (imagine dropped vowel '' =

vdit/tu'e/dujka/the.)
In/tha ma/ram e/dn/k'o/nu/ma (imagine
dropped vowel i a' = e/dii/kQa)o/numa.)
I/thi
ven/diu/th'il/le
= venldiu/th{u)il/le.)
(imagine dropped vowel
There is no 'tonic' accent, every syllable having

mark gives value to
the same value. Only the long
Accent-
vowels but not to syllables. EVERY LETTER, MUST

BE PRONOUNCED, there being no mutes {but see ch\
'tA' and 'n' above)
'ai' at d 'ei' are not quite dipthongs.
l
There
A. 1.
is
no Gender
Plural forms
be
learnt at
except'
ignored, as it
to
of all parts of speech,
all.
The
some peris seldom
gonal pronouns, can be

necessary to use them, anyway at first, except in polite
forms of speech. (See Appendix A).
Inflexion.
The only
tion of suflixps) are
inflexions of the
noun (apart from addi-
*m'
(a)
change it into 't' before

Nouns ending in
a suffix or a wore! beginning with a vowel.
(b)
Whenâ word ending in a vowel precedes one

beginning with a vowel, the former usually drops its
final vowel.
To form the objective case (also of pronouns) 'e' is

added to the end of the word, or substitutes a final
(c)
vowel, (but this
is
not important).
2. Pronouns. The plural forms can

for polite speech inthe singular.
A.
all
be uied
nan
We
Me
(y)eno
une
Us
You
You
avan, avar
They
avangal, avargal
avalgal
avangale, avargale (polite)
avalgale
You
You
ill*
(obj)...
He
nangal, nam
(y)engale
ningal
(obj)
(polite)
(polite)
She
aval
They(f.)
It
athu
Them
Him
avane, avara
Her
avalo
athe
(polite)
It (obj)
..
uugale
Them
(f.)
* used
tc
Ivan, ival, ithu, etc a r e used when the pronoun rcfors to

a person or thing near by. .(Soo Noto to C).
:
Note.
meaning
L The
is clear.
above can all be omitted before the verb
ij
the
COOLY TAMIL.
is
HAVE Irukka-
pt-ndix B.)
'-kren'
only one verb for 'TO BE'

The Present Tense (Ap.
There
A. 3. Auxiliary.
and <TO
is
for
formed from the Imperative, Iru, be, by adding

the first person singular and kruthu for 'all
the rest.
am
...
Nan irukren
...
Ni irukruthu
You
are
He,
she,
We,
you, they are...
it is
...
Avan, aval, athu irukruthu

Nanga', ningal, avangal irukruthu
(3te Appendix B. for grammatical form of plural.)
Yes,
is
the verb.
translated by Ama
B 2 (Note 2).
No, Not, by
Ille
placed after
See
The verb 'to have' (po?sess) is always translated by employing ' Irukka ' with the dative form of the pronoun.
Thus There is to me, it is to him, etc. This form of the
pronoun is made by addirg -ukku.* (A 2 ; A 4.)
:
Don't pronounce this as in the English
To me
To you
To him
yenukku
unukku
avanukku
...
...
...
Tohim(polite)
avarukku
yecgalukku
...
To us
...
To you
...
have
'
Cuckoo? hut
...
He
has
...
He
has
(po-
lite)
avarukku irukruthu
yengalukku irukruthu or namukku
...
We have
(or
yenukku irukruthu
unukku irukruthu
avanukku irukruthu
You have
...
namukku)
You have (po-
ungalukku
lite)
To
them... avangalukku
wfc-ku/f"
...
They have
....
[irukruthu
ungalukku irukruthu
avaogalukku irukru[thu
Note. 1. THE SUBJECT OF THE VERB IS PLACED

BEFORE THE OBJECT AND THE PRINCIPLE VERB
COMES AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE.
N.B. (a)
When
'Irukka' means 'to have', ivith a noun ending in

suffix -ukku, this noun precedes the object.
a dative
(b)
When Irukka means
the above
'to be'
may
be reversed
without altering the sense.

(c)
All other verbs folloio the rule.
Every
letter
must be prouonnced.
Rule.
ei
as
'ei'
in
Put (as 'e' in

Hundred when final).
ai
'ai'
,,
ti
as
'u'
fu
,,
'u'
in
Weight,
Aiale.
COOLY TAMIL
Except
(d)
Ij stress
is
object
(e)
(/)
required on the subject of the verb then the
may precede
the subject.
If the subject of the verb be a

object will appear first.
When
pronoun understood,
asking a question the subject

of the sentence.
may
the
be put at the
end
These r ules are not quite regularly adhered to, but the
student should employ them to start with. They are easy
to learn.
EXAMPLES
(a)
OI>
ABOVE.
Avangalukku oru kude irukruthu They have a basket.

Puth'alukku oru peria katti irukruthu The new
cooiy has a big knife.

(b)
Oru mamati avanude kaiile irukruthu,

kaiile oru mamati irukruthu
There
or,
is
avanude
a manioti
in his hand.
Palia sakuni puthu kattium bangalaukku irukruthu

or, bangalaukku palia sakum puthu kattium irukruthu The old sacks and new knives are at the
bungalow.
Muttusami Ramasami adittuthu Muttusamy hit
(c)
Ramasamy.
Nan
(d)
avale aditten
Vathu nan vettneu,
hit her.
or,
vathu nan tan vettnen
cut
the branch myself.
Nan vathu vettnen I

(e)
(f)
cut the branch (no stress)

vara sollu (i.e. Ni koluntu kondu
vara sollu) Tell (them) to bring the leaf.
Ottu-pal visi podathe Don't throw away the scrap
rubber.
Enge nikruthu, al ? or, al enge nikruthui' Where
are the coolies ?
Enna sonuthu, kangini ? or, kangani enna sonuthu
What did the kangany say ?
Koluntu
kondu
Don't be afraid of rules, they are quite easy make up a few

seutences by them and speak them out in the field, after which
the construction will come naturally.
The objective case of nouns is rightly formedjty adding

pronouns (see A 1. a & c), but this can utually be ignored.
Every
a
aa
't>*
in
'a'
t,
letter
must be pronounced.
Fun.
Father.
o
as
in
as
More.
'e'
in
Pen.
'i'
Pin.
'o'
as
COOLY TAMIL.
EXAMPLES TO A. 3.
I am here Nan inge irukr. n.
there Aval ange (there) irnkruthu.
not there Avail ange (there) irukruth'i ie.
Yes I am here Ama nan inge irukren.
Yon are not Ni irukrath'ille
(The final vowel of the verb is here dropped.)
They have a basket Avangalukku oru kude irukruthu.
She has no basket Avalubku kude ille.
('to be', and 'to have', when not auxiliary, may
y
She
He
is
is
be omitted
has not a knife Avanukku katti
It is not here Athu inge ille.
Master is not here Dore inge ille.
That is mine Athu yenukku.
He
ille.
Note. 'Inge' can
be
pronounced with hard
or soft g\
l
NOTE, It is
better to say 'nikruthu' instead of 'irukruthu'

when referring to persons. This is the verb 'nikka', to stand, to be
present.
'Irukruthu' is used here as an example of the verb
Tea
Sack
Tei ele
Leaf, a
Sak
Weed
Work
Pillu
Leaf
Row, line
Muster
Road
Ko! untu
Kai
Male
Rotu
Drain
Kan
(flush)
Hand
Field
Ele
Veile
Nerre
Peratu
Surukka
Mulla
Ippo
Quickly
Siowly
Now
Note 2. 'The' is not translated. A, an. is

and may be omitted. 'Antha' is sometimes used
'oru,' 'or'
for ''the'
euphonically.
A 4
PREPOSITIONS.
!u
are suflixes
to the noun.
From
From,
...-iliruntu
*To, for, at
By, with (in
...
to,
These
etc:
of,
For others see Vocabulary.

In,
-ukku, -ikki
company with)
With
on
Of
...
...
...
-odu. (Ps. 10\
...
Kuda (not
-He
-ude
suffix).
Ps. ss 'Postscript', at end of the Book.
NOTE
l.Thc
before the above
final
-ikki is
vowel
'e',
of
word
tlie
is often
used only for words ending in
omitted
or T.
'e'
Every letter must be pronounced.

u
as
'n'
,,
'u'
in
liule.
ei
as
'ei'
in
Pat (as 'e' in

ai
<ai'
'Exceptions.
Ingutu, to here; Angutu, to there;
Weight.
Aisle.
Kngutu, to where.
COOLY TAMIL.
EXAMPLES
A boy
A woman
A cooly (person)
oru
oru
oru
oru
oru
A name
A
girl
podian
pumbale
al (or'al)
per
kutti
In the hand
To the road
To a woman
kai/ile
In the basket
kude/ile
male/iliruntu
rot/ubku
oru pumbale/ikki
From the field

From there
From here
For master
[correct
bangalaukku
avanude
yenude (yen, my)
To the bungalow
Of him,
Of me
('iruntu' is also
ange/iruntu
inge/iruntu
doreikki
(his)
unukku
(un, your)
yengalukku, or, namukku (our,
lotodu
[yensalude)
nerreodu
avan kuda po
To you
To us
By
the road
With the row
(lo with him
To me, mine
yenukku
Note tf.-CARE MOST BE TAKEN NOT TO PRO-He with a double T, like 'ille', not, no.
N- B. To follow the translation of example sentences,
look words up in the Vocabulary at the end of book.
NOUNCE
Eng
Note
ish)
thus:
ude-
used
of, is
for the possessive
(i.e.
the
's
in
The cooly'* basket=(the) basket of (the) cooly; (6)

master's knife=knife of master ; (c) To the Kangany's
line--To (the) line of (the) Kangani.
(a)
But
the order
is
inverted in Tamil
(b) Dorelude katti=

(a J slude kude=(of cooly basket)
(of master knife) (c) kanganiude laiatukku=of kangany to (the) line.
;
Dont learn
above, but
from the litteral English as shown

consider - ude* an exact rendering
Of English 'S then the order of words will appear
in Tamil as in English.
the
this
same
As an alternative tothis
//,
as: al-kudt), di r-katti, pfc.
Note
Every letter mus<

as
'u'
in
'a'
,.
Fun.
Father.
as
'o'
!><
metlud
11 2.
can be used
pronounced.
e
aa
'e'
in
,,
in More.
Pen.
Pin.
COOLY TAMIL.
ADJECTIVES -Big,
B.
Small,
etc
Old,
These
generally end in 'a', Bometiraes in 'ana'

Most adjectives
aid formed from the Past Tense, or Past Participle of verbs
They precede the nou n (See B 2;
1. Note 2.)
EXAMPLES.
Palakam
Palakamana
experience
experienced
a lie
...
...
Poi
...
Poiana
...
Peria kal
...
Sinna kude
...
Palia sak
false
...
big stone
small lasket
old sack
proper work
...
hard
...
Seriana veile
Mutt'ele
The new cooly has a
leaf
Pfith'alukku
large knife
peria katti
irukruthu.
There
is a man on the
nikruthu.
Ange
new road
puthu
or'ftl
rotile
In the small basket there is no leaf(flush) Sinna kudeile

koluntu iiukruth'ille.
(In this type of sentence the auxiliary
They have not any good
peria sakile nalla koluntu
There
is
only hard leaf
The pluckers are

(kolunt'al,
The
is
usually omitted.)
the sacks
leaf in
Avangalnkku
ille.
Mutt'ele matiram irukruthu.

Kolunt'al maleile nikruthu
in the field
leaf people).
old knives and the new sacks are at the bungalow

Palia kattium puthu sakum bangalaukku irukruthu.
('And'
is
translated by suffix '-um repeated after each

it joins in English, but is often omitted.)
word, not sentence,

See D.
NOTE
1.
Remember the
final
'u'
'hundred,' unless indicated by a long
Every letter must

Q
as
Uj
'a'
in
Rnle.
Put (as 'e' in

"Hundred whn final).
û'J
lte
is
always
(-)mark
short, as 'e in
to be otherwise.
pronounced.
ei
ai
as
'ei'
'ai'
in
Weight.
Aisle,
COOLY TAMIL.
B. 1 Infinitive Of Verbs. These are formed by

adding kka to the Imperative, or a to the stem of it.
They precede the principle verb (See " Verbs.")
It is best to learn the iufinitive by heart and make up
other tenses from it as per rule (See " Verbs") and not trouble
about the formation of it.
Imperative.
be
...
Edu
...
take
Kel (keil)*
...
ask
Infinitive.
Iru
Niru
Pesu
Sollu
Sei
Irukka
to be
Edukka
to take
to ask
to weigh
to speak
to say, tell
to do
to give
f o give
to see
to come
to go
,..
weigh
...
speak
Kelkka (keilkka)...
Nirukka
Pesa
...
say, tell
Solla
...
do
Seia
Kudukka
Tara (exception)
Kudu
...
Ta
(Kan)
...
give
give
...
see
Kankka
va
Po
...
come
...
go
Vara (exception)
Poa
NOTE
1.
...
...
The principle verb comes last in the sentence.
EXAMPLES.
Pluck leaf Kolunt'edu (literally, flush take).

Ask the kangani Kangane kel.
Cut the tree quickly Mara m surruka vettu.
Speak to him Avanukku pesu
Tell
him Avanukku
sollu,
Come here Inge va.

Go there Angepo.
Tell him to come here Avane
to
come
inge vara sollu.
(lit:
him
tell.)
and pluck Al kohintu edukka poa

people leaf to take to go, tell),
Tell the coolies to go

sollu.
(lit
Tell the boys to put the leaf into the Backs Podian sakile
koluntu poda sollu. (lit: boy in sack leaf to put, tell).
Pluck
in
your row
only
Un
matiram
nerreile
('koluntu' is here understood).
is
.,
Every letter must

in
Fun.
'u'
'a'
..
Father,
'<
as
Pronunciation
'o'
is
iu
pronounced,
e
as
in
Pen
,,
'i'
rin.
More.
sometime* ambiguous.
edu>
COOLY TAMIL.
10
B
fixing
Nouns can be used as Adjectives
2.
by
pre-
them to another n nn
Manure
Manure
u ram.
basket..
Leafoacks
Cash
Ready cash
uram
koluntu sak.
kasi.
Cart
Cart road
kai kasi (i.e.

hand cash.)
karrete.
karrete rotu.
Pluckers
..
Manur.
...
rs
kolunt' al.
urat'al(See
(a.)
... kavat'al
Prunera
Factory coolies... istor'al
(Istoru, store,
factory)
vowel of the first word is usually dropped.

in this way to an unlimited extent.
NOTE. The final

Adjectives
kflde.
may be formed
Note 1. As the plural forms of nouns and pronouns

are not always used as plurals the word ellam all. may be
a !ded to show a plural, for instance
:
You
(plur:)
Ni ellam (all of you)

Athu ellam (all of it,
...
Those
These
Everyone
...
...
Ith'ellam (this all)

Al ellam (person all)
...
Katti ellam (knife
...
The knives
it all)
all)
Note 2- In reply to a question, ' no ' and ' yes ' a-e
more correctly implied by a repetition cf the verb instead of
plain 'die' or 'ama,' thus
:
Are you going ?--Ni porutha ?

Yes Poren (I am going).
Did you give the letter ?- Kaitham kudututha
Yes
Kuouthen
Will he see to
it
(I gave).
?Athukku
paputha
G.
No Papamatathe (he will not see).

Did he say that? Avan athe sonutha?
No Avan son'illo (he said not). (See Conjugation of
Verb, page 86, Negative
Past Tense.)
Every
in
letter
must be pronounced.
Rule.
Put (as 'e' in

'u'
Form
ei
as
'ei*
in
ai
'ai'
Weight.
Aisle.
of
COOLY TAMIL.
11
C- This, That. ADJECTIVES:

Th it, Anthi
This (sing: and plur:), Intha;
NOTE. Initial
and Interrogation
'o'and
4', *a',
...
Intha
veile.
...
Antha
nai.
...
..,
This line co'y dwelling)

In this line
...
co' ly
That one there
...
...
...
...
come
surruka peratukku vara,

to muster to come tell)
Intha nerre.
Intha laiam.
Intha laiati e see Al().
...
...
Tell those coolie3 to
Why is
deo<e proximitf, distance
'y',
respectively.
Thiswoik
That dog
This row
Which
Which, Yentlw.
Yenth'al.?
Anth'al ange.
quickly Anth'al
those people quickly
to muster
sollu, (lit
muster?Ye antha
that girl not at
kutti peratuk-
ku nikruth'ille?*
I
do not know, sir Yenukku teriathe, aiya,
That woman and those boys are not plucking Antha pum*
bale, antha podian edukruth'ille (plural not employed).
No, master, they are
(irukruthu). (See S
Tell
them
to
boIIu. (lit
hzy
lie,
dore, avan(gal)
somara tan
2).
goto the lines Avaugalo laiatakku

them to line3 to go tell).
poa
C 1 Present Tense of ALL verbs is formed from

the IMPERA TIVE as shown in the verb to be' (A 3) by adding
person singular and kruthu for
-fcren for the first
i" its
all the rest, EXCEPT when the infinitive has no 'k'
termination; then the tense endings will be -ren and ruthu,
i.e. also no 'k' (See page 79, List of Verbs).
'
proi
nerd.
as
'u'
in
Fun.
as
'e'
in
Pen.
'a*
Father.
'i'
Pin.
,1
Every letter must
o
*
The Verb
'to be'
as
'o'
tie
More.
in
when meaning
to
be present' should be trans-
latedby 'nikka,' to stand, to be present.

f
In rapid speech
this
word
often sounds like 'laifukku\
COOLY TAMIL.
12
IMPERATIVE.
Kudu
...give
Par
Pudi
...look
...hold
Po
va
...go
. . .
ci
PRESENT TENSE.
INFINITIVE.
Kudukka. ..to
..to
Pakka
Pudikka ..to
to
Poa
,.to
Vara
.
me
give
look
hold
Kulukren
give
...I
Pakruthu* ...He looks

Pudikruthu... He holds
Poren
come Varen
go
...I
go
...I
coma
EXAMPLES
to the field Nan malikki varen. A 4 (note 1).
go and pluck Ni koluntu edukka po.
Hurry up and take up rows Surruka nerre pudi.
Look, kangari, those p'uckers are stopping en the road,
send (them) quickly to work. Kangani, anth'al rotile
nikruthu, par, surruka veilikki anupu.
I
am coming
5rTou
Ask the kangani where the road-mending coolies a-e

R.t'al en*e (where, nikruthu kangani kel.
He is giving her that cooly's basket Anth'a'ude kude
of that cooly basket to her
(lit
avalukku kudukruthu.
:
[he] is giving).
We
He
are going to the factory Nangal istorukku poron.f

talking to the kangani Kangaoikki avan
is not
pesruth'ille.
NOTE
last
word of
.A
is
formed by adding long
it
substitutes
question
the sentence
and
'
'
to
the
a final rowel.
to the lines?Ni laiatukku porutha?

not going to the lines, I am going to eat rice
Ille, aiyS, nan laiatukku poruth'iller, nan soru (cooked
lice) tinkka (to eat) poren.
Are you going

No,
sir, I
All right,
am
go Seri,
po.
boy is taking away all the good sacks to the new

clearing Aiya, antha podiau ellam (all) nalla sak pfttbu
kadukku (new clearing) konduporuthu (taking away).
All right, what is that to yon ? Seri, athu unukku enna ?
(Lit that to you what).
Are there no sacks for this field ? Intha malikki i?ak illea ?
Then call him Appo(then) avane knpidu.
Who said so, I ? Yar sonuthu, nana ?
Sir, that
Every
u
u
as
V
c
,,
letter
must be pronounced.
Rule.
ei
as
'ei'
in
Put (as <e' in

Hundred when final;.
ai
'ai'
,,
u'
in
A mispronunciation
of
'
parkruthu
Weight,
Aisle.
'.
t Correctly, nangal istorukku porom (Appendix B.)
COOLY TAMIL.
End
tongal
Rope
kavuru
pakka
mudichi
Side (adj.)
Knot
To leave
13
To pull up
High
High
Near
pu 'inkka
osaram (adv.)
mattam
osanta (adj.)
kitta
vaikka
Side (noun)
pakkam
Level
Stump
Crow bar
Bush
katte
Wide
agalam
alavanga
chedi
Half name
are per
Bad
Prunings
Mar
agathe
vathu
Deep
alam
Name
per
To strip
To prune
motte pudinkka
Kavatu vetta
Pornd
ratal
Stalk
kambu
Low
Hole
kuli
Full
pannia
Mulu per
C. 2.
Branch
Tea Bush
kopi, (c.ffee,
often used)
Pork
mullu
name
This, That (PRONOUNS)
way
This
ithi
This
That
That way
This (obj:)
athi
ithe
That
athe
(obj
:)
appadi
Which way.
Athia?
...
this?
that?
Ethu
,..
which?
Ithi a
(See Note to C.
ippadil
...
which
yeppadiP(How)
also applies to the above)
EJMEngPLES
This ia his Ithi avanukku.

This is mine Ithi yenukku, or, namukku.
Give that Athe kudu.
Is this his ? Ithi avanukka ?, or, Ithi avanukku
tana.
(See S 2.)
That cran gavo mo this Anth'al ithe yenukku kudututhu.

En which place are you putting it? Yentha lekkilo athe
podruthu.
Go
this way to the fac'o-y, toll the teamaker to come here

lppadi istorukku po Timeikru inge vara sollu.
Aro jou going to do this? Ni ithe seia porutha ?
Yes, master, they are going that way now Ama, dore,
avangal appadi ippo poruthu.
;
>>>
He
il
like this
like
spoke
lppadi soi.
that Avan appadi
Every
as
V
V
letter
must be pronounced.
in
Fun.
Father.
o
aB
pesnuthu.
'o'
in
as
More.
'c'
in
Pen,
'i'
Pin.
COOLY TAMIL.
14
Having- -PAST PARTICIPLE.
D.
great deal
This
is
used a
Tamil instead of conjunction 'and'.

Thus :^(See Postscript 6.) Tell him to go to the bungalow and fetch a
book this would be rendered 1 totally him to the bungalou*
to go having told a book to fetch tell.
Again: I went to the
factory and spoke to the teamaker and then went to the field
and weighed up the leaf
Literally: I to the factory havit g
gone, to the teamaker having spoken, to the field having gone
I weighed up the leaf. (See Examples page 15.)
in
be noticed that the principle verb
It will
is
kept to the
Any number of Past Participles can be
last,
strung together.
(SeeP2.)
D. 1. The past participle is used with the

Imperative often when giving orders (i.e. Imperative mood).
Go on
plucking (taking leaf) Eduttu po.

Lit: this
means, having taken (leaf from one tree) go (to the nest).
Come on pluck Eduttu va.

Go on breaking the level Mattam odittu po.
Come along cut Vetti va.
Come run along Odi va. (Appendix D.)
Don't stand idle and stare Suma nintu mulikatte.
NOTE
be borne in
I. This is very important and should ahoay-a

mind as it is used more often than the simple Imperative.
THE FOLLOWING MUST BE NOTED TOGETHER

WITH THOSE ON PAGE 79 (LIST OF VERBS).
been
taken
asked
heird
Having done
..iruntu
..eduttu
jj
..ktittu
..keittu
cut
>)
> i
..vetti
spoken
3)
..pesi
>)
8aid,told. ..solli
come
>)
vantu
gone
>>
.poitlu, poi
)>
.seinttu
.settu
died
given
stnod
seen
planted
sent
..kuduttu
..niutu
.kardu
nattu
anupi
..konduvantu
.
brought
taken away. ..kondu
poit-
tu, poi
rKL
a
a
as
'a'
'u'
in
Kule
Pat (as
Hundred when
,,
'e'
in
final).
ei
as
'ei'
in
Weight.
ai
'ai'
Aisle.
COOLY TAMIL.
NOTE
\ PRESENT
15
PARTICIPLE,
'doing',
'saying',
the same as 3rd person singular Present tense, but of con

It is used as an
drops the final syllable -uthu' or -thu'.
the* place of a subordinate sentence beginning
adjective
and Postscript 8.) Subordwith 'who', 'which' etc (see Gr
inate sentences in the Past apply the Past Tense in the
same way. They always precede the noun like an adjective.
etc., is
'
'.I
Examples on Page
EXAMPLES
He went
23.
to D.
to the factor?
and
is
coming back Avau istorukku
poittu varuthu.
He sp ike to the kangani and is now going quickly on the road
KangSnikki pesi avan ippo surruka rotodu poruthu

blame the cooly and am sending her to the lines Nan
31 yesi {having blamed) avale la'atukku anupren.
Ha b ought a letter, gave it to the kangani and is telling
estate at once Avan oru
him to go to M
kaithatn (letter) kondu vantu, kanganikki kuduttu avane
totukku satne poa solruthu.
M
Go to the pruners, ask the kangani for a knife and come
back here with it in your hand Kavat'alukku poittu,
kangani kitta (near,* o u katti keittu, athe un kaile
1
pudittu, inge tirumbi (back) va.
Go and come back -Poittu
va.
(Lit
having gone come,
return.)
New
Mound
kadu.
Accountant
Jungle
...
piithu
kodali
clearing..
Axe
Mason
To the
kadu
hook
Nursery
Path
vettu katti
tavarani
palam
ekru
Bill
pathe
hollow
Acre
Boundary
modu.
...
kanakapulle.
mesan
Bridge
artukkuf
palam
Cattle
madu
River
Carpenter
Short cut
aru
river
..
odavi
kuruka pathe
vaii Iris
(
Every letter inn st be pronounced.

a
as
'u'
in
Fun.
as
'a'
,.
Father.
o
* Kitta, near,
is
always used
V add
Sor(u) rice;
Nouns ending
another word.
a rtukku to tho
as
river,
'o
in
Pen.
.,
Pin.
in More.
in this sense instead
ofiliruntu (from).
suilix and "hen before.

a 't' before
;ir(u)
sortukku to the rice:
river,
artu tunni
;i
river water.
COOLY TAMIL.
10
O. 2. Past Tense. This is formed from the Past

Participle (minus Us final vowel) by adding -en for the first
person skgnlar and -utllU for all the rest, except when the
Past participle ends in '[', then the tense endings will
be
-nen and nuthu
PAST PARTICIPLE.
Having been
Iruul/u
..
PAST TENSE.
was
..
He, she,
it
was
Nan irunten
...Avan, aval,
athu
iruntuthu.
cnt
I cut
...Vett/i
He
...Nan vettnen
she,
it,
cut
...Avan, aval, athu
vettnuthu.
heard
...Keittju
heard
He,
fjioken
..
she,
it,
I spoke
He, she, it
Pes/i
Nan
keiten
heard. ..Avan, aval, athu
keittutau.
..
...Nan
pesnm
spoke... Avan, aval, atlu
pesnuthu.
come
...Vant/u
came
He, she,
it
...Nan vanten
came. ..Avan, aval, athu
van tuth
gone
...Po/i,
poittjw
went
.Nan ponen, nan

poitten
He, she,
it
went. ..Avan, aval, athu

ponuthu, poituthu.
EXAMPLES.
Nan vathu vettnen.

fave it to me Avan athe yenukku kudutthu.
did not give it tome A van athe yenukku kudututh'ille
He was pruoirg yesterday Neitu avan kavatu vettnuthu
Dili he prune yesterday ? Neitu avail kavatu vettnutha ?
He to >k a mamoty to the field and has not brought it
back Oru mamati mslikki kondu poittu avan kondu
I
cut the branch
He
He
vantuth'ille.
saw Pamasamy speaking to the kangani Ramasftmi

kanganikki pesruthu kanden.
That man gave me tbis money Anth'al intha kasi yenukku kudututhn.
Did that man give you the money Anth' amble al kasi
I
unukku kudututha?
Did that cooly come?Anth'al vaututha?
Every letter must be pronouueed.
V
'u'
in
Itule.
Put
ei
(as
Hundred when
'e'
in
final).
ai
as
,,
'ei'
'ai'
in
Weight.
Aisle.
COOL? TAMIL.
No,
he has not corae Ille,
sir,
ftiyS,
17
avan
var'illo, or,
avan
varuv'ille.
Have you
told those cooliei to go and carry rice from the

?
Arisi istor'iliruntu anth'al ari i tukka (to
rice store
carry) poa sonutba?

No, the kangani told
them Ille, avangalukku kangani
sonuthu.
NOT
NOTE. l.DO
(Imperative) is translated by
(See also Postscript 8.)
added to the InfinitiveChest, box
...
petti, potti
Handle
...
kai-pudi
...
val
...
tita
Saw
To sharpen
Main stem,
trunk
...
stem
To miss
(stick)
Oil
To a level
...
a avu
kambu Cross branch
...
enne
mattatukku
To thin out
...
kallikka
Carefully
...
Side branch
..
...
NOTE
2.
adi
maram
To cut main
M ensure
]
athe
Twigs
To snave
Stump
patiram
pakka vathu
DO, DID.
are not translated into

tense is used. C 1 D 2.
off
..
adi vetta
...
tappa
..
pinal vathu
...
asambu
...
siva
...
katte
Above
...
Below, down
...
raele
kile
uêd with another verb in English

The plain present or past
Tamil.
The Present 'Tense

Future
N. B.
of the
is
often used colloquially instead
Every letter must be pronounced,

a
aa
'u'
in
'a'
Fun.
as
'e*
it
Father.
'i'
as
V
Q
in
More.
Pen.
fin.
TAMIL.
COOLY.
18
Who? Which?
E.
Who yfir ?
Whom yftre ?
Which ethu?
To which ethukku
To whom yarukku?
Of whom, whose yarude ?
Now ippo.
From which eth'(il)iruntu?
When yeppo
Then appo.
Note
See
2.
EXAMPLES.
Who are you Ni yar ?
Who is there Yar ange
nikkruthu ?
yare kantuthu ?
To whom did you give it ? Athe yarukku kudututhu.
Who saw you? Une yar kantuthu ?
Whose ia this Ithi yarukku?
Whose is this basket Ithi yarude kude ? or, ii.tha kude
Whom
did you see
? Ni
yarukku ?
Which is yours Eth'unukku ?

Which did you tell him to take Avanukku ethu edukka
sonuthu
him to take that from there now Athe angeilicuntu

ippo edukka sonen.
To which are you going ? Ethukku (ni) poruthu?
To this Ithukku tan.
I told
Tell
me who
is
standing there and then go to the tipping

solli ni mattam odikka po.*
Yar ange nikruthu yenukku
* Note, 1.
In the vresent sentence the person is
(See
1).
being told to go to do the work, therefore the Infinitive is used
in
1. the -person is doing the work and is being told to go on
with it, hence the past participle.
;
Evsry
as
'u'
'u'
in
letter
must be pronounced.
Rule.
Put (as V in
,,
ei
as
'ei'
in
at
'ai*
Weight.
Aisle.
COOLY TAMIL.
F.
PAST INDEFINITE.
the
is formed
w.th the addition of
'to be.' See Page 83.
(Compound). This
Past Participle
present tense of the auxiliary
of the
hv the use
havfl t 'Id
He
has gone
She has told*
He has come
I have put
I have broken
He has held
He has broken
I have drunk
He has drunk
19
...
Nan
...
Avan poi'irukruthu
soJPirukren
...
Aval soll'irukruthu
...
Avan vant'irukruthu
Nan
Nan
pott'irukren
oditt'irukren
Avan puditt'irukruthu
Avan orlitt'irukruthu
...
...
...
...
Nan ktiditt'irukren
Avan kuditt'irukruthu
...
...
NOTE 1. The double 't' of the Past Participle endings,

and often the Past Tense, is pronounced like eh (see Page 7y.);
those which are an exception to this rule are marked with an
asterisk in that list (see Postscript 1.)
That Much. This Much.

How much yevalo
much avalo
How many eltane ?
This much ivalo
F. 1.
That
(See Note to C).
EXAMPLES.
How much
Ni yevalo koluntu
leaf have you picked ?
edututhu ?
Iva'o edutt'irukren,
I have plucked this much
How many pounds of loaf are there? Ettane ratal
koluntu irukruthu ?
Ten pounds Pattu ratal.

Why did you make so much noise
(noise) pott'irukruthu
Ye
ni
avalo 6attam
At the time he was pruning he cut his hand Kavatu

vetruthu nertilw (at time) avanude kfli vettnuthu.
Every letter must he pronounced.
a
as
'u'
'a'
In
Fun.
Father.
o
She
teas
llo wa$
aa
'o'
in
told avalukku
as
in
Pen.
.,
Pin.
More.
Boll'irukruthu.
druuk avaukuditt'iriuiluUui.
Ps. 9,
2,
COOLY TAMIL.
02
He
has cleaned out the drain and all stones taken out
Ellara (all)kal eduttu avan kan valeitt'irukrutû.
Is that field finished ? Antba male mudintt'irukrutha?
Yes, sir, it is finisbe 1 Am'aiya, mudintt'irukruthu.
(He) has told him to take the tools to the factory
Istorukku aitham kondu poa avanukku soll'irukruthu.
Pound
To weigh
To finish
Rupee
Cent
Time
...
ratal
Stick
kuchi
...
nirukka
Rain
mu
Hour
Enough
male
mani
...
lia
rua
. .
At the time
To throw
...
...
Paper
Always
...
...
sadam
neram
nertile
visa
kadutaei
yeppothum
Not enough
pothum
turam
maruvadi
kanak
kambli
Far
Again
Account
Blanket
Plant
kannu, kan-
Straight
neire
[du
pa'.tathe
...
F. 2. Had. -Was ..PLUPERFECT. This is formed in

the same way as the Past Indefinite but the Past Tense of
the auxiliary
I
is
used.
See Page
88.
Nan
hal weighed
nirutt'irunten
He bad come
Avan vant'irurtuthu
They had plucked

It was finished
It was plucked
Athu mudintt'iruntuthu
Athu edutt'iruntuthu, etc.
Avrngal edutt'iruntuthu
Form
of the Past Tense (ImperF- 3. Another

(the Past Participle of
sonal) is the use of ahi (vulg. 'aohi
aha, to become) added to the Past Participle which usually
drops the final vowel. (Postscript 9.)
)
Has been taken
Edutt'achi
Kudutt'achi
Mudintt'achi
Puditt'achi
t
Has been given

Has been finiehed
Has been held
Final 4 "tt'
is
pronounced
like
Every
u
u
'a'
letter
Note
1.)
(place)
must be pronounced.
Rule.
Put (as 'e' in

Hundred when final.)
i,
(see F,
-ame
Mindi (time), rainnu
Pindi, pinnu
Behind
in
some verbs
Illaine,
Before
'a'
ch' in
Seitu, seindu
Together
Without
as
ei
as
'ei'
in
Weight.
ai
'ai'
Aisle.
COOLY TAMIL.
21
EXAMPLES.
that field has been finished before you came Aiya,
ningal (polit ) vantuthu mindi rual<* mudintt'achi.
Kanakapulle, his that wo- k been finished? Kanakapulle,
antha veile raudintt'acha ?
Has the leaf been weighed up ?-Koluntu nirutt'acha?
Yes, master, it is weighed Ama dore, nirut.'achi.*
Give the money a'together Kasi ellam seitu kudu.
All go together Ellam seindu po.
Dont go without the kaugani Kangani illame poathe.
Those primers are standing withoutf doing anything
Antha kavat'al unmim (anything) sei'ame nikruthu.
He has gone without taking the book Avan postikum
Sir,
eduk'ame ponuthu.
Pluck without taking buds Arumbu eduk'ame edii.
Why do you stop behind without working, come in front
quickly Ye veile illame pindi nikruthu ? surruka min-
nukku
va.
Stand in front of me Yenukku minnu Dillu.

Those rows were plucked before Antha nerre mindi
odutt'achi.
* The word 'it' is not translated here.
It may be noticed
that similarly other pronouns have been omitted elsewhere.
t See
(Note 2.)

'a'
in
Fun.
'a'
,,
Father.
o
as
'</
in
as
'ci'
in
Pen.
.,
'i'
Pin.
More.
COOLY TAMIL.
22
TENSE This
G. Will.. ..FUTURE
-pen
Imperative
is
formed by adding
the 1st person sing, and

-puthll for all the rest Except when the Infinitive has no
*k* in its ending then the tense endings will be -ven and
(Imperatives
ending in '-feu'
drop '-&' before
Vllthu
-pen\ -puthu.}
the
to
for
NOTE
Exceptions.
Va-come.
Ta give.
VSruven
I will
Taruven I
IMPERATIVE.
PRESENT.
Marakren I forget
Mara forget
come.
will give
FUTURE.
Marapen I
will forget
he etc. M a r a p u t h u b e etc.
forgets
will forget
Mannikren forgive Mannipen -I will forgive
Mannikrut hu he Manniputhu he will
Marakruthu
Manni forgive
forgives
Sfi(r) die
Vulu
forgive
Vuluren I fall
Vnluruthu he
fall
Vuluven I
falls
Saren I die
Saruthu
he dies
The Negative, WILL NOT,
G. 1.
informed by
maten
-matathe
for the 3rd person, and

first, to the Infinitive. {See list of verbs, page 79.)
adding
will fall
Vulovuthu he will fall

Saven I will die
Savuthu he will die
for the
EXAMPLES.
not forget Nan marakka/maten.
not forget Avan marakka/matatho,
She will not go -Aval poa/matathe.
It will not hold so much Athu avalo pudikka/matathe.
I will tell him to come quickly
Nan avaue surruka vara
I will
He will
[saruthu.
solluven.
Sir,
a cooly
is
dying in the lines
Aiya,
laiatile
or'al
All right, I will come at once Seri, nan satne varuven.

Avane naliki vara
I will tell him to come tomorrow
solluven.
think he will forget Avan maraputhu nineikreo.

I will speak to you
Kitta va, unukku pesuven.
Who wiH go to work on Sunday for cash ? Naitu kilamc
kai kasikki yar veilikki povuthu.
I
Come close,
as
'a'
'u'
in
Rule.
ei
as
'ei'
in
Weight.
Put
ai
,,
'ai'
Aisle.
Hundred
(as 'e' in
when final;.
COOLY TAMIL
23
I will go, Sir NSn poven, Siva.

Cut the branch carefully or you will cut your finger
Vatbu patirama vettu illate, or, ni un viral vettuvuthu.
Co slowly or you will fall Mulla po illate ni vuluvuthu.
He will cut above the road Rotukku mele avan vettu-
vuthu.
(Note Id)
Cut the upper branch Me \athu vettu. ('Mele' above,

is
an adverb
'Me'
is
the adjective).
ver
Pag
iic hi
Debt
Insect
puchi
Wound
Yard
Morning
Evening
Earth
Firewood
Wire
vat, jat
mannu
Heavy
To sleep
To gather
To pick over
veragu
Ill
..
kambi
Health
Root
Top
kalame
saintaratn
>.
param
..
tunkka
alia
porrukka
. .
srgam
sogam
ille
Wh?, Which What. RELATIVE PROD i. Note 2; Ps, 8.) These are not
G. 2.
NOUNS.
mut
kadan
kaiam
(See
translated. The required tense
of the verb, ivhich usually

drops its tense ending '-thu'. must be used adjectivally
The negative is similarly used. (H 1.) Thus : (See B)
who went yesterday', must be rendered. (LiterThe-yeiterday-wenl-man Neitu ponuth'al.

The coolies who came here last week. (Lit. The last-ivcelchere-camc coolies) Ponu kilame inge vant'al.
Coolies brought baskets to-day which I will give you next
week. (Lit. To day coolies- br ought-baskets coming-week I
'The
man
ally,
will
give)
Inniki
kondu vantu'kiide unukku varu'
al
kilame kudupen.
Take the knives which
have
now bought Nan ippo
vftnganu'katti edu.
Take out the sticks that are in your baskets, it is too
heavy Un kiideile irukru'kOchi e:luttu podu, athu romba
param irukruthu. (L t. In-your-basket-are sticks, etc.)
Thu coolies who cannot prune must go to another work
Kavatu teriath'al vere voilikki po'onum (must go.)
Those who cannot work can go to the lines Veile sei'
elath'al (catinot-do-peojile) laiatukku po'elam.
Those coolies who fetched tools go to work at once
Aitham vftngan'al satne veilikkl pj.
NOTE. The verb
termination can be omitted. [See
D 1.

'u'
in
Fun
''
,,
Father.
as
'o'
in
as
'e'
in
Pen.
'i'
Pin.
More.
Note
2.)
COOLY TAMIL.
24
NOTE. When used
with prepositions as
to
of whom, by which etc., the above rule does
Hit
glish
must
be
ansposed
t
thus:
not apply- The
becomes,
I sent the man to whom you pave money
(a)
You gave money to a man, him I s ent.
:
whom,
Or'alukku ni k&si kudututhu, avane anupunen.

I showed the man of (about)
you spoke
becomes,
You spoke of a man. to him I showed.
Or'al pati (about) ni pesnuthu, avanukku tan nan
kambiten.
whom
(b)
Coolies often transpose this negative interrogatively without requiring a reply

(a)
Did you not give a man money ? him I sent.
;
Or'alukku
kasi
ni
anupunen. S.
Did you not speak
(b)
pati
Or'al
ni
of a
kudututh'illea
man?
pesnuth'illea
avane
tan
him I showed it.

avanukku tan atbe
to
?
kambiten.
Dont, Musty Can,-- -These and
H.
the following are
Infinitive which usually drops the
to the
suffixes
final
vowel.
Want
Want
Must,
Must
Hi
not,
Can
not
...
vennm
...
vendam
-elam,f kudam.
...
Do
not
Not necessary, not required
(vulg. onum.)
(vulg. vanda*.)
Cannot
...
elathe,
kudathe
...
-athe.
...
vendiuth'ille (not suffix).
EXAMPLES.
He must come
today
Avan
innikki vara
venum
(vulg.
var'onum).
NOTE 1. 'Venum' will be written usually 'onum', but it is

at times pronounced 'venum', especially when vsed alone and
meaning 'to want'.
You must send a cooly quicklyNi or'al surruka anup'
You should rot do th-t Ni attie seia vanda.
[onum.
It is not necessary to
Every
letter
as
in
Eule.
'u'
Put
(aa
Hundred when
*
do that
Athi seia vendiuth'ille
must be pronounced,
_
'e'
in
ei
as
*ei'
in
Weight,
ai
'ai'
,,
Aisle.
final).
See 'Contractions' page
77.
f Sometimes pronounced elam,
COOLY TAMIL.
25
What do you want ? Unukku enna venum ?

Do you want it now ? A the ippo venuma ?
What else do you want ? Vere enna venum ?
You cannot do that Athe seia kudathe.

Can you do it? Athe seia kudaraa ?
Those who can work well Nalla veile
Ps. 8
seia kiid'al.
(See
G2).
You need not go-Ni poa vendiuth'ille.

Don't do that Athi seiathe.
Don't talk Pesathe.
He must n< t go to work today as he i3 not well Inniki
avan veileikki poa vanda yenendal (because) avanukku
sogam
ille.
presently Ni poragu var'elam.

he must not touch the tar as it is not dry enough
Avan kil toda vanda sonen yenendal athi kaia (dry)
You can come

I taid
pattathe.
1 go cow ? Nan ippo po'elama?
No yon cannot go yet Ille, ni innam
Can
When
When
(yet) po'elathe-
can I go? Yeppo (nao) po'elam
Nama
peichi mudinttu ni
I have finished talking
(Lit.
po'elaro.
talk having finished).
Ver vett'Do not cut the roots, you must pull them
'athe, kaiile (in the hand) pudink'onnm.
Don't strip Motte pudinkathe. (Lit. bald don't pull).
Don't pluck leaving a fish leaf Topal elo vaitt'edukathe.
(Lit. Fish leaf having leff don't take).
My
up
Must we pluck these bushes ? Intha maram eduk'onuma ?

No, leave (them), they are too small Ille vudu (leave) athu
used for 'they').
remba sinnisi irukruthu. (athu =
Can you tinish that field today ? Inniki antha male
it,
mudi'elama ?
This is not wanted Ithi vendiuth'ille.
If you cannot go Ni po'elathe ponal.
Don't go Poathe.
Don't forget Marakathe.
Don't bp, won't be Irukatbe.
(L3).

us
'a'
in
'a'
Fun
as
'e'
in
Pen
Father.
,,
'i'
Pin.
as
'o'
in
More.
COOLY TAMIL.
2ft
Be. ...FUTURE
J. Will have,
PERFECT. This
is
formed by adding the Future Tense of the Auxiliary to the

Past Participle (See List of Verbs.)
Marantu
...
Pottu
...
Vantu
...
Nan marant'irupen I
Having forgotten.
Having put.
Having come
will
have forgotten.
Avan maraut'iruputhu He will have forgotten.

Athu pott'iruputhu It will be put.
Nftn vant'irupen I will have come.

Avan vant'iruputhu He will have come
Another Form. WILL HAVE, BEEN -Can
J. 1.
..
be translated impersonally by the addition of 'irukum' to

the Past Participle, which drops its final vowel.
EXAMPLES.
have gone Athu po'irukum.

have been finished Male mudint'irukum,
You do not want to call the cooly, he will have come Ni
Si kQpida vanda, avan vant'iruputhu.
The line sweeper will have gone Vasal kati poi'irukum.
That does not matter, he will have come- Athu kariamille
(no matter), avan vant'irukum.
That will have been all right Athi seria irunt'irukum.
It will
The
field will
Another Impersonal is
J. 2.
to the stem
of the
termination replaces the
Compare Pi
It
It
It
It
It
It
final
'ka'.)
(c).
...
will finish
...
will come
will get finished
...
...
will be all right
...
will go all rightly
will get all right (wel )
will become all right.
...
will take
...
will hold
He
It
It
the addition of -urn

Infinitives in -kka the
See List of Verb*, and
Infinitive (with
Mudium.
Varum.
Mudinttupoum (havingfinished
Seriiiukum.
[will go).
poum.
Avanukku s< gam ahum.
Athu seri'ahurn (aha to become).
Edukum.
Pudikum.
Seria
Every letter must he pronounced,

u
aa
,,
'a'
Kule.
ei
as
*ei'
in
Put (aa 'e' in

Hundred when final;.
ai
'ai'
,,
in
* This is rally Impersonal bat
is
Weight,
Ais'e.
often used indiscriminately.
COOLY TAMIL.
Other, (See
J. 3. Each, Some,
Each
...
Ovoru.
Some
27
6.)
...
Another
Another (different)...
Pathi, sila.
A little, few, any ... Konjam,
...
Inoru.
Vere.
EXAMPLES.
Each cooly must take
eduk'onum
Some
basket Ovor'alukku o u kude
have po'es, some have r. pes that is not

eaih cooly must have rop<i and a po'e Pathi
alukku kambu irukruthu, pathi alukku kavuru athi seri
ille, ovor'a ukku kavuru iruk'onura oru kambuiruk'otmm.
coolies
right,
Some of it will get finished Pat'ni muHnttu poum

Some will not get finished Pathi mudinttu poathe.
You must take some, and ave some Ni pathi tduk'o'iuin
1
pathi vaik'onutn.
This cooly had a knife, the other had not Inth'alukku
katti iruntuthu matt'alukku i'le.
Tell another boy to come lnoru podian vara sollu.
Don't bring another (US*- rent) basket Vere kiidy k-->ndu
varathe.
Bring all the other sacks Matta sak ellam kondu vft.
(Matta
All the
other).
men mu>t go
to cut holes
Ell'ftmble
al
ku'i v tta
po'onum.
Only givo a little Konjam matiram kudu.

You must take all the lime tut of the sack Sakiliruntu
ollam sunambu eduk'onum.
Don't puck another bud or I wi'l put you 'sick' Inoru
arumbu edukathe illate, or, une tiku poduven ('put sick'
here means that tlie cooly' s day's pay will be stopped).
She did goo 1 work, the other cooly bad work and she was
put sick Aval nallaveile seinfcuthu, matt'al agathe veilo,

avale eiku pott'iruntuthu.
Did you give him any ? Avauukku konjam kudututha

u'
in
Fun.
Father.
as
in
aa
More.
in
Pen.
'i*
Piu.
COOLY TAMIL.
28
K. May. Should, Ought. ..SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.is formed by adding -attum to the Inflnlt V6 which
usually drops the final vowel and consonant.
This
EXAMPLES.
He may take A van edukattum.
Some of the coolies can go and pluck
Sil'al (short for sila)
in Govinden's held
Govinden maleile koluntu edukka
poattum.
I go now
May
Yes, you
? Nan ippo poattuma

may go Ami, poattum.
You may
plant that plant in that row Antha kandu antha

nerreile nadattum.
Yenukku
I am feeling ill, master, may I go to my house?
sogam ille, dore, nan vudukku poattuma r
Ramasamy has cut his foot badly, may I send for the
Dispenser? Ramasami avanude kal (avan) rtmba vett-
nuthu, Daktar vara sollattuma?

Ye?, tell him to bring some medicine and a piece of rag
Aina, konjam marant-um oru tuni-tundum (rag) kond'
ara (short for kondu vara) sollu.
May I buy a new kambli? Nan oru puthu kambli vang-
attuma ?
No, the kambli you have got is good Ille, unukku irukru
kambli nalla irukruthu, or, unukku irukru'kambli nalla
tan.
(S )
Dead
Corner (of an
mule
object)
Corner
(of a
road)
To untie
i
,,
,,
tie
empty
press down
...
trample
bury
,, break
Afterwards
,,
leaves
..
modaku
Scales
..
avilkka
katta
kotta
Crooked
..
Leech
Wall
ammakka
Single
mithikka
pothikka
odikka
Fear
apuram
socham
paiam
Hotten
votal
ittu
pare
Hole (in an object)
pottal
String
sadambu
Useless
(adjective)...
sette
ute
terasu
konal
atte
sevar
otte
Bottle
Rock
Empty
Young
Rest
..
Dirt
virru n
yellan
totta
in
Weight.
be pronounced.
as
'u
in
Rule.
Put
ei
(aa
[Hundred when
'e'
in
final).
ai
as
,,
'ei'
'ai'
,,
Aisle.
COOLY TAMIL.
29
L> Having Been. ..This is formed by adding kuttu*

Past Participle* It is pronounced with very short Vs.
to the
Having given
...
kuduttu
Having been
Having taken
...
eduttu
Having been
pesi
Haviug been
given
...
taken
Having spoken
spoken
NOTE. In
of the
usually pronounced
is
Verbs and Postscript 1
...
eduttu-kuttu
...
pesi-kuttu
remember the double
the following sentences
Past Participle
kuduttu-kuttu
like 'oh.' {See
't'
List of
(a).
EXAMPLES.
The rope having bien held he
let go
Kavuru pudittu/kuttu avan viiiuthu.
bten holding his band and then let go Avaimde
I ha
kai nan pudittu/kuttu vuduten.
When that field is finished [i e. will have ben finished)
you can go to the next Antha male mudinttu/kuttu
adatu maleikki poattum.
Uamasamy told me a lie and then asked for money to g. to
the coast Kamasami yenukku poi (ii*) solli/kuttu
I
urukku poa kasi keituthu.

Muniandy spoke all that short
away Mu: iaudi antha maderi
of rubbish
(that kind)
and then ran
buma peichi
pe6i/kuttu odi ponuthu.
Yes, kangany, I know that but tha Assistant Superintendent does not believe it Ami, kangani, athi eliani
terrium, sinna dora athe nambruth'ille.
L.
COMPARISONS. For the Comparison

ATHIKUM or ATHIUM, may
1.
adjectives and adverbs

placed before the word.
Pe ria
Sinna
Valantu
Tall
Nalla
Good
Athikum peria
Athikum sinoa
Athium valantu
Athium nalla
Athium ketta
Athium agathe
Small
Ketta
Bad
Agathe
Bigger
Smaller
Taller
Be'ter
Worse

a
as
'u'
in
Fun.
as
'e'
in
'a'
,.
Father.
1'
,,
The
as
'o'
Fen.
Pin.
in More.
ooolies' use of this is
somewhat ambiguous.
of
ho
COOLY TAMIL.
30
EXAMPLES.
Give
me a larger knife Yenukku athikum
Take the
peria k
itti
kudu.
-Athium peria katti edu.

man Antha valant'al kupidu.
largest knife
Call that tall
No, not him, the tallest Ille, avan ille, athium valant'al.
Tell him I do rot want the thin pig, bring the fattest
Elichi pandi jenukku vanda avanukku solli, athium
kolutu pandi kondu vara sollu.
Cut and bring me a smaller stick Athikum einna kuchi
vetti yenukku kudu.
SOTE
'Ithikum' and 'ithium' can be used when speaking

1.
The superlative is often rendered,
of things close to the speaker.
athikum kuda pensi, (i.iggest), or, el'atukkum paiisi. (bigger than
There seems to be no rule for the simple formation of comall).
parisons.
not take a larger leaf Ath
Do
kum
peria e'e edukathe.
than this- Ithikum surukka po'onum.

This is easy, that work is easier Ithi leisi, antha veile
ithium leiti itukruthu.
That work, Sir, is the most difficult -Antha veile, aiya,
You must go
fast r
(
athium vanatum irukruthu.
NOTE
'this'
and
/.
When
'that'
noun
the
is understood or
some adjectives add -isi
in the sentence
are used with 'than',
latter case the construction is literally,

Thus:
to this that is older', etc.
In the
(or, -athu).
this bigger',
'to
that
Athukku ithi perisi.

is bigger thaa that
have taken the smallest Athium siunisi eduten.
That is older tban this Ithukku athi palisi.
Tbis is better than that Athukku ithi nallathu.
This
1
Very, Always, Never,* etc.
L. 2.
before the verb but not necessarily next to
Micham, remba
Very
Always
Never
Yeppothum
Yeppothum
ille
(always placed
it).
Anybody
Nobody
Yarum (seri)
Ortrum ille
Nothing
Uonum
ille
'a
'a'
iu
Hole
Put (as
Hundred when
,,
ei
'e'
in
as
'ei'
fti
in
Weight.
Aisle.
final).
Adverbs uaually precede the word they qualify.
COOLY TAMIL
R1
EXAMPLES.
This load
is
very heavy, no one can carry it Infcha silme
remba param irukruthu ortrum tuk'elathe.

You must always send two coolies when the load is too
heavy for one Or'alukku siirae remba param iruntal
(if is) j eppothum rend'al (two paopl >) anup'onuni.
Sir, I never carry sacks I am not strong enough Aiya,
nan yeppothum eftk tukruth'ille yenukku pellam paathe,
Who am
I to eend to carry master's clothes box ? Tureude

udupu petti tukka yare anupren ?
Anyone will do Yarum seri irukum.
Kangany, look at those boys they are doing nothing
Kangani, antha pod'an par, avanâl Qnnum seiruth'ille.

What do you want? Unukku enna venum ?
Nothing Unnum ille.
Then why do you always stand there? Appo ye ni J ep-
pothum ange nikruthu?

loafing Nan suma nikren.
Notody need go Ortrum poa vendiuth'ille.
am
NOTE
l.Thc word 'suma' indicates any aimless
action
or remark.
Suma adikruthu Hitting for no reason.

Suma pesruthu Talking rot.
Suma kelkruthu Asking for no particular
L 3.
This
If.
nation ' en* of the

singular end plural.
Note. The
often
'V of 'al' is
Another Form
NOTE
translated
is
Past Tense
ia
-aka
/.'If Not'
by changing the termiall persons
into '-al' for
unpronounced
added
in
word
'
in
common
speech
the same way.
translated by
is
Infinitive folloiued by the

both singular and plural.
reason, etc.
ponal
-ate added
tn
the
These apply to

a
as
'u'
in
Fun.
,,
'a'
,i
Father.
o
as
"o
in
as
in
Pen.
Pin.
More.
Vuttal (from 'vrida', to leave) can also l>e used instead of 'ponal'
Ponaka is alao
better Tamil, (often pronounced ' vittftl ').
heard
'dukate ponaka' etc.
and
ia
COOLY TAMIL.
32
EXAMPLES.
If I
Sn y esna
blame (
[
Nan yesnaka
Iflaonotbtae^X^
"I
{S
Sal
Nan
II
ponal
If I
go
Nan ponaka
-|
i, m o3
no come
If
f
<
If
Avail vantal
.
(Avan vantaka
,
n runt *[
fe
^N&n mnitaka
am
Yenukku
Note.
fNan
not
irukate
(Illate;
ponal
Yenukku
irun-
[taka
tal
Yenukku
am
If I
t e
ponal
he does not (Avan varate
[come \ ponal
(
[{Past Part.: 'poV)

It
It
(Nan poa
do not go
If I
^""j" "''''
1
do not take
If
have not
irukate (illate)
ponal
irun-
Ii'ukate is changed into
'Op' can be translated by
'illate'.
illate (see
Sentence No. 167
js
and other tenses the auxiliary

l_. 4- for the Past
used for the negative with 'ponal'. (See Page 88 and Ps. 12
1 f
If
Nan
took
Nan
went
edutt'iruntal
po(i)'iruntal
did not
take
If I did not
If I
Nan
came
vanl'iruntal
If I did l.ot
come
If I
Nan
wa
irunt'iruntal
If I
ponal
Nan
was not
Yenukku
had
irunt'
[iruntal
If
iiad
vant'illate
ponal
fNan
irunt'illato
ponal
If I
edutt'illate
ponal
[Nan po'illate
go
If I
Nan
Yenukku
not
illate
irunt
ponal
EXAMPLES.
If I
ele
take this leaf the kangani says it is bad w ork Intha

nan edutal at hi agathe veile kangani sollruthu.
r
the Kangany, I will show him- Kangani kupidu,

avanukku katuven.
If you do not take these leaves I say it is not good work
Ni inth'ele edukate onal athi nalla veile ille sollren.
Master, If I go now I cannot be back quickly Dore, nan
ippo ponaka sunka var'elathe.
All right, if you do not come back in time it does not
matter Seri, ni neitodu varate ponal kaiiam ille.
Call
[A 1(a);
A 4.]
Every
u
a
as
'u'
'u'
in
letter
must
Rule.
Put (as 'e' in

,,
he,
pronounced.
ei
as
'ei'
in
ai
,,
'ai'
,,
Weight,
AiBle.
DOOLY TAMIL
33
he had come at once I would have given hioi the money

Avan satne vant'iruntal avanukku kasi kudutt'irupen.
If I do not come to the bungalow do not wait Nftn banIf
galaukku varate ponal nikathe.

yon cannot finish the kanak (amount, task) the Conduct r gave I wi 1 not put you a name Kondak unukku
kuiutufthu) kanak mudi'elate ponal unukku per podamaten.
If Ramasarny hai come at the time I called him the work
would have been finished now Nan kupidu'neram Ramasami vant'iruntal veile ippo mudintt'irukum.
Avan vant'illate
If he did not come why did yon wait?
ponal ni ye nintutbu?
If the head kangany rad been there yesterday Peria
kangani neitu ange iruntaka.
That is all right, if I tell him to stop he must stop Athi
seri, nan avane nikfca sonal avan nikka tan venum (the
If
word
If
'tan' Inserted here emphasises the 'must').

she takes this leaf will it be all right ? Aval intha ele
edutaka seri irukuma?

Nan
If you do as I tell you the work will get finished
unukku sonna'maderi ni seithal veile mudinttu poura.
If you had done as 1 told you
Nan unukku sonna'maderi
ni seith'iruntal.

aa
'n'
io
Fun.
'a'
,,
Father.
as
*o'
in
as
'i
More,
in
Pen.
,,
Pin,
COOLY TAMIL.
Cardinal Numbers-
M-
pronounced short as
NO TE
r
(Remember the
Dividing
lines
Unnu,
28
..
..
Rendu.
'29
..
Munu.
..
Nalu.
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
'.
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
1
..
..
15
16
17
18
19
Pattu.
Patt/in/unnu.
Pann/i/rendu.
{(Vulg.
..
.
101
1'20
pann'endul
130
190
Patt/i/munu.
..
..
..
Patt/i/nalu.
Patt/in/anji
Patt/in/aru.
Patt/in/elu.
Patt/in/ettu.
191
Miipathu.
Napathu.
Ampathu.
Aruwathu.
..
.
Yeluwathu.
Yeropathu.
Ton/nuru.
Num.
Nutti/unnu.
Nutti/iruwathu.
Nutti/mupathu.
Nutti/t 'n/nuru.
Nutti/ton/nutti/
Iru/nuru
'200
201
Patt /ompathu.
300
400
500
60)
700
800
900
Iruwa'/i/munu.
..
Iruwat/i/nalu.
Iruwat/a- ji.
Iruwat/am.
L000
..
Iruwat/elu.
01
Iru/nutti/unnu.
Iru/niitti/ton/nuru.
299
Iruwat/i/rendu.
'26
Iruwat/ettu.
Iruwat/oror; athu.
..
word afterwards.
[unnu.
Iruwathu.
Iruwat/unnu.
21
'-'7
Ompathu.
..
jo
22
23
2t
25
Yelu.
Yettu.
..
.
oru,
Aru.
O
1
13
14
Anj
al *u' is
are here inserted to show the con-
struction of the figures, they will be written as one
>2
ri>
V in Hundred.)
Mfi/nuru.
An /nuru.
A/ nuru.
Yelu/nuru
..
Yettu/nuru.
Tol/airam.
Airam.
N a /nuru.
..
Airat/i/unnu.
NOTE 2. Observe how an 'n is inserted before number*

beginning with a vowel from 15 to 18, and absence of an 'i'
The
before numbers beginning with a vowel from 19 onwards.
omitted figures ars formed regularly as the examples given.
J

n
'u'
,,
Rul<\
ei
as
'ei'
in
Weight,
Put
ai
,,
'ai'
Aisle.
(as 'e' in
Hundred when
final).
COOLY TAMILi
35
NOTE 3. Nuruj 100, always changes

another number, and Airara, 1000, into airati.
1,900
Airati/iol/airano.
'2,000
Rend/airam.
Rend/airati/rendu
2,Of2
3,000
10,000
Mun/airam
Iruwath/airam.
20,000
100,000
200,000
1,912
Lecbam.
Rendu lecbam,
Airati t la i rati
[pannirendu.
Patt/aiiam.
Ompath'airati'tolftirati'tonnut'om; athn.
9,999
NOTE 4- Before
drop
nutti before
into
words beginning with a vowel the foregoing
their final vowel.
Un
unnu, or, ov'oru.

Rendu-rendu, or, revendu.
Vu-miinu.
Oce by one
Two by two
Three by three
Evey other one
Every other two
Unnu
vut'unnu.
Rendu
vfltu
rendu
EXAMPLES.
Take up rowj one by one Nerre un-unnu pudi.
Take* by two's Rev'endu pudi.
Se id two coolies t) clean out drains Kan
valoikka
anupu.
Ho* many plucktrs have gone to Uovindei's He'd
den maleikki tttane ftl.ponuthu ?
rend
al
('lovin
forty and three kanea ies

five women
I have sent
with babies will go later Niipath'alum, raunu kangauium anupunen'anga (sir), anji pulle-kari (i.e. tabyfemales) poragu pcruthu.
Sir,
Forty coo'ies
is
not enough
kangany, whn the Conduc-
tor comes to this field tell him to Pond ten more

N&path al pattathe, Kangani, komlak intha maleikki
vantu ne *am inoru patt'al anupa sollu.
To each Kangany put fifteen coolies 'Jvoru kangauikki
pattinanji al podu
mamoty and one

alavanga Iruvvatirend'al ovor'fllukku c>rn inamati oru
alavanga kudu. (Note 'oru' is "scd before a noun \,
CJiveto each of twenty two coolies one
'one instead nf 'unnu).

a
as
'u'
Fun.
Pen.
Father.
Pin.
aa
in
JJo c-
COOLY TAMIL.
38
you bring new coolies I will give you Rs. 120 on

advance eccount, and Rs. 10 on Check Roll account Ni
puth'al kondu vantal ac vans kanakile nutti iruwathu rua
taruven, Chek Rol kanakile pattu rua taruven.
Your Check Roll pay n Kb. 41-25 Un Chek Rol samialam (pay) napati'oru rua iiuwatanji sadam irokruthu.
Master, tell me my account separately Dore, yen kanak
If
vevere soll'anga.
All right, your head money is Rs. 19'69, your 'peijce' money
is hs. o'O.'l, your nam*- pay Rs. 9'25,y. ur weeding contract
total Rs. 41*25 Seri, un peri i pensup atrompathu
rua aruwat'ompathu sadam irukruthu, un pensu kasi aru
rua munu sadam, mi per sampalam ompathu rua iruwatanji sadam, un pillu vetta contrap aru rua jeluwatettu
sadam, mottarn (total) napatti'oru rua iruwatanji sadam.
Give him two knives and three bill hooks Avanukkn
Rs 6*28,
rendu katti, munu vettu-katti kudu

have p'anted 1,052 plants Nangal
We
airati
ampattirendu
kandu natt'irukruthu.
Id nam (more,
2,500 plants more are needed
airati anni\ru kandu vendiuth'irukruthu.
M
the
Ordinal Numbers* These
1.
CARDINALS
by adding
-am
rend'
stiir*
are formed from
(.except in 'the
The
first').
cardinal drops its final v&tvel.
mothal.
rend am.
miinam.
nalam.
an jam.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
Siam.
yelam.
6th
7th
8th
20th
100th
yettftm.
iruwatham.
nuram.
Fractions.'
1/4
1/2
1/8
...
kal.
3/8
+4 a
i).
..
are.
4/8
...
are.
...
are-kal (A a
5/8
6/8
7/8
...
are are-kal( + a
J).
mu-kal
3/4
2/8
).
(3. ).
kal.
kal are-kal
...
...
(*
mu-kal (3. ).
mu-kal are-kal (^ + 4ai).
NOTE 1. Observe how each 13 made from

med as adjectives have -vasi added.
the other.
Frac-
tions

as
'a'
,,
'u'
iu
Rule.
Put (as
Hundred when
in
ei
as
'ei'
in
ai
'ai'
,,
Weight,
Aisle.
final.)
* 1/3 MQndil-oru-pangu.
(Ora-pangua
portion.)
COOLY TAMIL.
37
EXAMPLES.
What
date
is it
It is the first
This
is
'? Ithu
enna
teidi
Ithu rnothal teidi.
the third time
have told
you Ithi munSm
nerara
*unukku sonen.
The fifth tree from hero Ingeiliruntu arijam maram.
Give him only one-eighth bushel of rice Avanukku arekal pusal ari6i matiram kudu.
Why master, this is a 2/8 week, I worked six days Ye,
dore, ithi kal pusal kilame, nan aru nal veile seinten.
No, in my pocket Check Roll there are only four days'
name Ille, namma kai Check Rolile nalu nal per matiram irukruthu,
Kondakude
I will see the Conductors pocket Check Roll
kai Chek Rolile {i.e. hand Check Roll) papen.
Last week she had two-eighths so this week I issued one-
eighth Ponu kilame avalukku kal pusal iruntuthu,

appo intha kilame are-kal pathintt'irukren. (Pathia - to
issue).
Sir,
the head kangany
is
asking for one and a half bush*
Aiya, peria kangani unn'are pusal kelkruthu.
Is
Tomorrow is the 26th Naliki iruwatiaram teidi.

The new coolies came from the coast on the 19th Puth'al
simeiliruntu pattompatham teidi vantuthu.
me half Yenukku are-vasi kudu.

You see those sacks, don't you? give me half of them
Antha sak kankruth'illea ? yenukku are-vasi kudu
Give
There
is a bushel of rice at the rice store, give the Kanakapulle three-quarters of it Arisi istorile oru pusal arisi
irukruthu, Kanakapulleikki mu-kalvasi kudu.
[thu.
There are forty-four coolies waiting Napattinal'al nikruSend half to carry firewood, the other half to pluck Arevasi veragu tukka anupu, matt'are-vasi koluntukku.
Every letter must be pronuuuccd.

a
as
'a'
'a'
in
,,
Fun.
o
*
Unakkn to
Father.
aa
you.
'o'
in
as
'ei'
in
Peu.
.,
'i'
Fin.
More.
Unnukku-to
ono.
(Seo A.)
OOOLY TAMIL.
38
Much, Too much. Many
N.
Much
Many
...
Micham.
Micham, nrichuda
Less
...
Korre.
...
The
rest (etcettra)
Too much
More
...
Witri*
...
...
..
Remba.
Kuda, innam.
Kuda, kuditi.
Socham, mithi.
EXAMPLES.
a lot of noise -Micham sattam irukruthu.
much noise Rtmba sattam irukruthu
Call ten coolies, the rest may remain there Patt'al
kupidu, soch'al ange nikattam.
I told you it was Rs. 5, Rs. 6, Rs. 9, etc. Anji rQa, Aru
rua, ompathu rua, socham iruntuthu ii'ukku tonen
Where are the rest of tbe coolies Mith'al enge nikruthu.
Why did you give too mujb Ni ye reaiba kudututhu.
8end fifteen children to weed, the rest can pluck Pattinpillu vetta
anupu, socham koluntukku
anii pulle
po elam.
There
There
is
is
too
more Konjam kuda kudu.

more Innam edu.
Don't take more than th s Ithiknra kuda edukathe.
1 will not take less than Rs 8 Yettu ruaukku korre nan
Give
Take
a little
still
edukkamaten.
This amount is less than that
lntha
kanakukku athikum
koire (irukruthu).
Go with him Avan kuda pc, or,

Come with me Yene kuda va,
avail kuditi po.
Order to. For Doing.! The gerund is

ukku to the third person of the
Present Tense This is very common form of speech ana,
N.
In
formed
1.
by
must be
learnt,
adding
,
EXAMPLES.
For doing
For cutting
What do you want
...
...
Seiruthukku.
Vettruthukku,
ete.
For cutting firewood

EnnStukkn unukku katti venum ? Veragu vettruthukku.
knives for?
as
in
,,
Rule
Put (as 'e' iu

ei
as
'ei'
in
ai
*ai'
Weight.
Aisle.
* For without see T.
t -ukkaha
ia
also heard.
Ssiruthukkaba, veUruthukktha,
etc.
COOLY TAMTL.
39
What Co you want money foi? To give to Mm for payin:

off a debt Ennatukku unukku kasi venum? Avanukku
kudukka oru kadan katruthukku.
do you buy potatoes ? For eating Ni ye kelangu
Why
vankruthu? Tinkruthukko.
advanced him money in order to retain him Avane
nipatruthukku tan nan advans kasi kuduten.
Have you come to work or to play? Ni veilikki vantutha,
I
velei-adruthukku vantutha
N. 2.
Days of the Week.
Sunday
...
Monday
...
Tuesday
...
Naitu kilame.
Tinkal kilame.
Seva kilame.
Puthan kilame.
Wednesday
...
Thursday
...
Vieala, Viyala kilame.
...
Velli kilame.
Friday
Satu day
Saini kilame.
...
A day
Oru nal.
Oru kilame.
Oru kilame nal
...
A week
...
Awtekday
...
Night
Morning
...
Ratiri, raval.
...
Kalambre, kalame.
...
Koli kflpidu,
Ccck crow
EXAMPLES.
Come on Monday Naitu kilame
If
you had come on
last
ra.
Tuesday
it
would have boon
better Ponu Seva kilame ni vant'iruntal tevelea (irunf

iruputha).
He must go at cock crow Koli knpidu (neram) avan
po'onum.
He worked
I
for one week only Oru kilame matlram avan

veile seintuthu (often pronounced 'sinjuthu' ).
will speak to you in the evening Saintaratile [see
A
1
1. () ] unukku pesuven.
heard much noise in the night Kavile micham sattam
keitten.
Come
in
the morning Kalambre va.

u'
in
'a'
,.
Fun.
as
'e'
Father.
*i'
as
in Mora.
in
,,
Pen.
Fin.
COOLY TAMIL.
40
YeBterday
Neitu.
Day
Mundam
before yesterday.
nal (third day),
Four days ago
Ithukku mindi nalu
Tomorrow
Naliki.
Day after tomorrow

Next week
Last week
The week before
last
or,
nal.
Nalandiki
mundam
[nei u.
[ing week).
Adatu kilame,
varu kilame (comPonu kilame (gone week), or, mudinttu kilame (finished week),
Munam
or,
kilame.
EXAMPLES.
him to come three weeks ago Ithukku mindi munu
kilame avaue varasonen.
If I come back tomorrow I will tell him to go next day
Naliki nan va-jtal avane ada'u nal poa eolluven.
The week before last you only worked four days Milt am
(or, mundam) kilame ni nalu nal matiram veile seintuthu
So next week you must tome to work six days without fail
(m'ssing) Appo varu kilame aru nal tappame ni veileikki var'onum.
1 told
N. 3.
Months of the Year.

masam
January
February
...
March
...
Masi
Panguni
April
...
Sitire
May
...
June
...
...
...
Peratftsi
...
Appia
...
August
September
October
November
December
Veiasi
Ani
Adi
Avani
July
Tai
....
Katia
Makali
January Tai maeatile A l_(a).

From July to December Adi masam
In
vaichi*
makali
masatukku.
E very letter
in list
be pronounced.
Rule.
ei
as
'ei'
in
Weight.
Put (aa 'e' in

ai
'ai'
Aisle.
Vaichias Vdittu, having
left,
(hence*=from).\ [See Sentence 434.
OOOLY TAMIL.
+1
Time-
P-
In (during) an hour's time
...
Oru uiani neram.

Oru mini nertile.
Ago
...
Ithukku mindi.
...
Pidpadu, pinne.
An hour
...
...
...
...
After, Since
{takes dative before
it)
EXAMPLES.
What time
16 it
? Ettane mani (irukruthu

Munu mani.
It is three o'clock
'?)
It has gone four o'clock Nalu mani achi.* (See

Ten past six Aru mani pattu nimasum (minute).
Half past ten Patt'are mani.
It is past twelve o'clock Pannirendu mani achi.
A quarter to one Pannirendu mu-kal mani,
manikki pattinanji nimasum.
One o'clock Oru mani.
At one o'clock Oru manikki.
Twenty five past two Rendu mani iruwatanji.
Quarter past nine Ompathu kal mani.
3.)
or,
oru
late Neram achi.

It
It was very late Micbain neram achi iruntuthu.
It is too late Romba neram achi.
Three hours ago Ithukku mindi raflnu mani neram.
Two hours after this Ithukku pidpadu rendu mani neram.
is
X"te that
'achi' ran be
used alone.
Ps. IS.
When,
While. There are several ways

P. 1.
translating these words and their equivalent phrases.
(a).
Yeppo ? When?
(b).
Neram,
(c).
pothu
of
(interrogative).
nertile Time, at the time.

required tense of the verb.
Used with the
suffixed to the impersonal future.
(J 2.)
EXAMPLES\\ lien
When
When
are you going ? Ni yeppo poruthu?

did you finish that ? Ni atho yeppo mudintuthu.
I am going to work don't come to the
bungalow to
speak to me Nan veileikki poruthu nertile bangalaukku

yene kitta varathe. (Note to D I.)
Everv letter most be pronounced.
a
a
as
'u'
in
Fnn.
.,
'a'
Father.
as
in
as
,,
Mi
re.
*e'
'i'
in
Pen.
l'iu.
COOLY TAMIL.
42
was talking to him the head kangany came

I
Avanukku nan pesrn(thn) neram peria kangani vantnthn.
"While he was going a'ong the road Avan nedua (along)
While
rotodu pornthu nerara.

1 am go ng to the hunga'ow I will stop at the lines
and call a cooly Nan bangalaukku poum-pothu laiata
kitta nintu o.'al kupiduven.
When 1 w as coming from the coast Nan simei-iliruntu
varum-pothu (this method of saying 'when', 'while,' is in
Wiile
common
very
use).
To Puli PODA. This verb can always be used

Past Participle after anoth< r verb without
P. 2.
in
the
greatly altering
He
meaning :
its
and go Tthi tduttu pottu po,

sp ke <o him ike that and then went away Avanukku
Take
this
appadi pesi potty, ponuthu. (êe D.)

waits washing tell him Ithi kalu'onum avanukku
[solli podu.
Break this stone Intha kal cdittu podu.
Ihs
The verb 'kolla/

used in a like manner
to take to onself, obtain,
Pesi konden
Nan eduttu konden

Kondu po, etc.
P. 3.
after the
and alter
Until.
may
te
and as a reflexive verb.
This
...
spoke myself.
...
(myself; took.
Having obtained go
_..
is
translated by
Impersonal Future
the Past Participle
(see
-varikum
placed
Present,
Past Tense.
2.) forjthe
for the
EXAMPLES.
Wait there until I come Nan vaium- varikum auge nillu.
Wait until he goes Avan poum-varikum nillu.
L ave the books hire until I come back Nan tirumbi
varura-varikum postakum i"g9 vai.
Go to work leaving the knives here until the other coolies
return Matt'al tirumbi virum-varikum katti inje vaitlu
veileikki po.
until I tell you to let go Nan vuda sollurn[ninten,

varikum kavuru pudi.
I
wait' d until master came Dore vantu-varikum nan
Did Amuratham wait until you spoke to the kangany ?
Kanganikki ni pesi varikum Amuratham nintutha ?
Don't cut those small branches until the pluckers have
taken the flush Kolunt'al koluntu eduttu'varikum
antha sinna vathu vettathe.
Hold the rope
Every
u
u
as
,,
'u'
in
letter
Pat
Hundred when
'u*
must be pronounced.
Rule.
(as
'e'
in
final;.
ei
as
a>
ei'
in
'aj'
,,
Weight.
Aisle.
COOLY TAMIL.
R.
As Soon
bv the addition
'Same',
'kind
Same-
as.*
-udane
of
'sort',
is
to
43
'As soon as
is
translated
Past _ Participle.
This
'oru maderi
the
translated
'
word can also be used as an indication of inefficiency when

pronounced with a very prolonged '&', as in sentences marked (*).
EXAMPLES.
as I te'l you to go you must go Nan tine poa

soll'udane ni poa tan vtnura. (See 12th example, L 4.)
As soon
As soon as he spoke like that I sent him to the lines

Avan appa li pes'udane avane laiatukku anupanen.
As soon as I come back this held must be finished N&n
tirumbi vaut'udane intha male mudintt'iruk'onum.
Everyone must do the same sort of work Ell'al oru
maderi veile eei'onum.
The baskets are all the same Ellam ktide oru mftderi
(S 2.)
Is that cooly
tan.
yet ?- Antba'alukku
well
irukrutha ?
*No, he is not quite well
Hie,
innam
sogam
avan oru maderi irukruthu
What did the kangany say ? Kangani etna sonuthu ?

*He prevaricated Avan oru maderi pesnuthu.
*The new coolies are not up to much Piith'al oru maderi
irukruthu.
"This work is fair (neither good nor bad)

maderi irukruthu.
If
Intha veile
you do this sort of work I will put you all sick

maderi veile soithal uno ollam sikti poduvou.
Every
letter
as
in
Fun.
,,
'h'
Father.
as
Udaue' when not U9ed ag a
Udane
Go.'
va
-Come
Intha
must be pronounced.
oru
in
ûftix
as
in
Peu.
'i'
Pin.
'at
once
'e'
More.
nieana
'imraodiately'
at once.
;md tell bin to

udane nipat<\ sollu.
s-sf
>]
tliu
water
at
ouoo
I'oittu,
tanni
COOLY TAMIL.
(I
S.
Self,
Own, Just. Tan,
He
himself
went Avan
Sanda, Tan.
tan ponuthu.
that myself Athi nan tan sonen.

She herself told me so Aval tan yenukku sonuthu.
Who took that row ? Yar antha nerre pudituthu?
I said
myself Nan tan
Tnis
is
his
own
(I
did.)
knife (belongs to
him)- Ithi avan sanda
kitti.
is one of his own coolies Sevetiamma avanude sandal tar.
Ifc Is master's own estate Djreude sanda totum.
Sevetiamma
(it) just like that Appadi tan sei'onura

Note 1
1 am just going Nan ippo tan poren.
That is just what I said Athu tan sonen.
Quite right, all right Seri tan.
That's just it Athu tan,
Whose is this mamoti? (only) his Ithi yarude maniati ?
(Yon) must do
(A 2
Avanukku
tan.
just must do as she is told Avalukku sonu'niaderi

(See 1st Example to K.)
aval seia tan venum.
She
S 1. Tangal, the plural of 'tan', self,

ific form of speech for the Singular.
is
honor-
Tangal sonar He (master) said. (See Appendix.)

Tangal kelk'onum MaBter should ask.
S.
2. 'Tan'
auxiliaries,
can be said to take the place of the

'to have' and 'to be', thus:
Is this his
Yes,
it is
Ithi avanukku tana ?

Ami athi avanukku
his
Ramalingam kangany
is
also
tan.
there Ramalingara kaoga-
niura (Ps, 2) ange tan.
Every
a
as
'a'
in
letter
must be pronounced,
Rule.
Put (at> 'e' in

'u'
ei
ai
as
'ei'
in
,,
'ai'
,,
Weight,
Aisle,
UOOLY TAMIL.
45
Has he
We
a knife ? Avanukku katti tana ?

have plenty of scrap rubber Yecgalukku
raicham
ottu-pal tan.
Tan is not used with a negative

They have not enough latex Avangalukku pal pattathp.
(See Example to A 3.)
She has no weeding maniati Avalukku kottu-mamati illo.
NOTE
1. Tan
also used
is
or meaning 'in fact', thus
for the sake of
euphony
Did you give the money? Ni kaei kudututhu tana?

(Lit.
Bid you in fact give the money T)
Are you going ? Ni poruthu tana ? (Are you in fact going ?)
:
The above are very common expressions.
Every letter must

a
as
ft
'a'
in
.,
lie
pronounced.
Fun.
as
in
Pun
Father.
,,
'i'
Pin.
as
'o'
in
More.
COOLY TAMIL.
46
translated by
For, Fop That Reason. Tlrs is

-aha to the dative form of the noun
T.
adding
For that
For this
was
It
for
...
Athukkaha.
...
Ithukkaha.
that (reason) that I gave
y Athukkaha nan
mon
kasi tanten.
It
was for this reason

nan eiku poten.
NOTE
1.
Without
put her 'sick 'Ithukkaha ava'e
translate
ame
-illame
added to the Infinitive (which drops its final vowel), or to

any other word
You must stand without talking Ni pes'ame nik'onum.
Why
do you stand there doing nothing

sei'ame nikiuthu ange ?
? Ye
ni
unnum
those coolies always come to must.r without baskets?

Anth'al kude-illame yeppothum peratukku varutha?
Do
I
am not well Nan sogam illame (irukren)

without health.)
Don't go without
is
formed by adding
-mar
Gentlemen
Kanganies
am
poathe.
to the singular
...
...
To the masters
To the kanganies
He
.The plural form of titles should be employed
T. 1
this
him Avan'illame
(lit
...
...
Doremar
Kanganimar.
Doremarubku.
Kanganimarukku,
etc.
saw three gentlemen on the bungalow road Bangala

avan munu doremar kanduthu.
rotile
If the
work
is
not good
will
put the kanganies sick
Veile nalla illate ponal kanganimar siku poduven.

as
,,
V
'u'
in
Put(aa'e'iu
Hundred when
*nwre
ei
Role.
correctly illamal,
ai
as
,,
'ei'
'ai'
final).
which
is
omethne heard.
in
Weight,
Aisle.
COOLY TAMIL.
+7
SENTENCES.
The following
'fres'
any
so
lations,
fcranlation,
are
sentences,
difficulty
can
overcome
be
'word
not
lor
word'
trans-
understanding words, on account
in
by
looking up
the
of
Tamil
words in the Vocabulary at the end.
The following
and those appearing
sentences,
in
previous
pages, are such as are used ('very day on estates.
The
words in
references are to Paragraphs
NOTE. (a) P
in
the
Grammar where
the
have been dealt with.
italics
bracketed stands
for
'pronounced.'
When
word or words have had the pronunciation shown two

or three times
(b)
(c)
id)
it
will cease to be indicated.
Remember
that long 'a' at the end of a word asks

a question, and often takes the place of the final
vowel of that word.
Words ending in a vowel usually drop it before
another vowel and an apostrophe substituted.
'urn' suffixed with
hyphen means 'and', hut it will
generally he omitted.
Remember the pronoun may he omitted before the
:i
verb,
(f)
Instead of using the simple Imperative thecooly

very frequently employs the Past Participle of the
principle verb followed by a verb in the Imperative.
(See Sentences Nos. HI. 102, 12';, 139, 145, 172. 207,
and Ul and P2.)
246, 27D, 297, etc
:
The English
nearly always completely transposed when

translating into Tamil.
This is usually caused by
heme obliged to use. adjectival phrases instead of
relative clauses, and in order to get
the
principle
\ei h at the end of the sentence.
is
MISTKK.
Tappu
1.
Beat the tom-tom
2.
Beat the tom-tom again Tappu ttrumb'adi.
8.
Tell
adikka
sollu.
I'arasoii
A3(Noije
to
Hurry np, run
5.
Be
6.
It is six o'clock
it
the
torn -torn
Al(b)
ParaSOD
tappu
1.)
4.
quick,
hear,
adi.
is
Surruk'odu.
Late
Iru
Al(b).
Surruka. neram achi.
maai
achi.
F3.
A3(7th sentence.)
COOLY TAMIL.
l,s
Kangani, shout for the coolies to come Kangani, al

7.
varathukhu sattam podu. Nl.
Turasainy, go and call the coolies from Ramasamy's
8.
lines Turasami, poittu, RamaBammde laiatiliruntu al kupidu.
Al(a); A4(Note 1.)
Have all the coolies come? Ell'al vantutha? CI
9.
(Note
1.)
10.
Yes,
sir,
that
is
all Im'aiya.avalo
I think there should, be

nineikren. LI.
11.
12.
Shall I go
sir?Nan
see,
pdttu
S.
iruk'onum
al
poatingaZd.
D;
D.
Appendix
13.
and
A3; Al(b);
tan.
more Athihum
D; Dl(Note
Yes, go and see Ama, pox par.
1).
must come to muster earlier Kangani, al innam vellana peratukku vLr' onum.
Master, I stood by the bridge and called for half an hour
15.
Dore, nan are mani neram pdlata kitta nintu kupiten. Al (a)
14.
Kangani, the
coolies
exception.
That's all right but tomorrow those who should come late
16.
Athi seri, nalikki pindi vayiVal siku j>ott'irukum.
will be put sick
G2;
Jl.
17.
Tell
all
the coolies
that Athe
B(Note
eH'aliikku sollu.
1).
Stand properly there Seria nillu ange. B(Note 1.)

Kanakapulle, tell all the good pluckers to stand
19.
vevere nikka
kolunt'al
nalla
separately Kanakapulle, ellam
sollu.
B2.
Stand two by two Rendu-rendu nillu. M.
20.
Are these all tippers? How many boys are there? Seven.
21.
Ivangal ellam mattat'ala ? Ettane podian nikruthu ? Yelu.
Al(a) and (b) CI (Note 1.)
They can all go to one field, can't they? Ellam oru
22.
malikki po'elam Ulea? A4 Bl; HI.
Count and tell me how many there are. Thirty. Al enni
23.
pattu ettane nikruthu yenukku sollu. Mupathu. D.
18.
Look, here are 40 coolies, take them to No. 3

24.
Antha, ndpath'al munam maleikki kondu po. M(Note 4.)
field
Nan me
road Nadu
Shall I go the upper road or the lower road

25.
rotu ki'rotu po'onuwia? Cl(Note 1); H.
26.
Go and take up rows
rotiliruntu nerre pudikka po.
27.
Stop talking there
28.
There
29.
al avalo
30.
is
"Why are
from
the
Pesathe ange.
middle
HI.
much noise Remba sattam irukruthu. N.

those men talking so much Ye anth 'amble
too
pesruthu? Fl.
Come
here,
Inge va, Selvam.
Selvam.
Ni ange poi
Yon go and
n|lln.
D.
stand
over there
COOLY TAMIL.
Pick out
31.
who can pluck well Nalla edukka

G2; P2. (or, terintt'al).
those
all
pndu.
teriuth'iil piruttu
49
That's it, now those can go and weed in Palan's con32.

tract Appadi, ippo anth'al Palan kontrapile pillu vetra poatxum.
The others must go and pluck in Govinden's field
33.
Matt'al Govinden maleile koluntukku po'oum. A4(Note 2);
HI (Note
34.
1.)
If that
name Antha
no
the kanganies get

field is not finished today
malei inniki mudiate ponal katiganimarukku per
L3; Tl; A3(7th sentence.)

Take them to work quickly
ille.
35.
36.
If I
Kavatukku
L3;
Surruka
kondu
veileikki
po.
give 25 coolies for pruning will that be enough?

nan iruwatanji Si kudutal pothum irukumti:' M.
Jl.
Sir, if there were 30 the field can be finished today

Aiya, mupath'al iruntal inniki male mudi'elam. L3.
37.
All right, here you are, give
38.
them
all
the
new knives
Seri, intha, ellatukku puthu katti kudu. A3(Note 2);

39.
No. you cannot. Don't talk so much and do a
elathe.
Avalo pesathe-um konjam veile
Ille,
B.
little
work
sei.
40.
Give to these 15 coolies mamoties and alavangas
Intha pattinanji alukku mamatiimt alavangimi kudu. See Note
(d). to "Sentences."
350 feet of drain must be cleaned by each cooly for a

a day's pay)
Perukku ovor'al munutti ampath'adi
valeik'onum. M(Note 3); Bl(Note 1).
41.
name
42.
Aiya,
(i.e.,
Sir, there is a lot of earth,
micham mannu irukruthu
43.
Shut up
we cannot
and do what you are

sei.
F; R.
finish so
much
avalo mudi'elathe.
told
N.
Pesathe
unukku
soU'irukruthu maderi
Are you a man or

A3(7th example).
44.
ala
45.
leisi
You can
46.
Take your
pail.
350 leetNi
ala,
pumbale
munutti ampath'adi
A2.
sei'elam.
gomara
do
easily
woman Ni ambale
tools,
you lazy fellowUn aitham edu,
ni
Al.
47.
Kangani, drive those coolies to work at once, look, they
are standing on the road idle Kangani, anth'al satne veileikki
verritu, antha par, avangal mtile xumn nikruthn.
A.'!(Note
A.2
2.); T/2(Note 1).
48.
Give 20
leaf sacks
Iriiwathu
stand and stare

nintu mvlikathe.
B2
and 20 (wire Bhoot) runners, don't

iniwatlm Brule kudu
Sak,
koluntu
Dl.
Don't cn.wd round the

kutama nikathe. B2.
49.
r><).
I'lit
little
oil
Konjam enne uruleikki

D; CX{Bxample).
tool
shed
Aitham kamara
kitta
on the runners and hurrj awaj to work

pottu surruka veilikki po,
BKNote li;
OOOLY TAMIL.
50
no mamoty, Sir:Yenukku mamati Wanga.

Appendix C.
Get one Ye? Unnu vangu.
51.
I have
(7th Example)
A3
52.
Why?
53.
There are no more
54.
All right I will see
Ange innam
Seri, papen.
ille.
N.
G.
55.
Kangani, give this man an alavanga if there are no
niamoties Kangani mamati Mate ponal intk'alukku oru alavanga
kudu. L3(Note 1).
56.
Now
you have given 21 alavangas in all, have you not?

ni iruwati'oru alavanga kudututh' i\\ea?
D2.
these coolies do not hurry and go to work they will
Ippo mottam
57.
If
have half name (i.e., half-a-day's pay)Anth'al surruku veilikki

poate ponal avangalukku are per irukum. A2 L3; Ml.
;
58.
want some money.
Sir, I
Aiya,
yenukku kasi venum.
Ao.
59.
No, I cannot listen to that now, I am going to the field
Ille, athukku nan ippo helk'-elathe nan maleikki poren. HI; CI.
bO.
Come at four o'clock with the head kangani Nalu
manikki peria kangani kuda va. N.
61.
Without the head kangani I can do nothing Peria kangani illume nan iinnum sei'elathe. L2; T.
62.
63.
The kangani will not come Kangani vuramatatlie. 01.

Tell him that master says he is to come Dore avane
vara sollruthu sollu

64.
po.
Al(c); CI.
Then I may go?
B2(Note
Yes,
K; CI (Note
2);
go Appo nan poattumu?
(Ami,)
1).
PLUCKING.
Come here, kanganiInge va, kangani (or) ingatu va.
66. Where did you take up lines from this morning Kala me
engeilir untu nerre pudituthu (P.- pudichuthu).
A4 D2.
67.
From the lower road Ki rotiliruntu, (or) pania rotili65.
runtu.
B.
68.
Then
S; CI (Note
this is to-day's
workAppo
ithi inniki veile
idnd
1).
Yes, where master is standing this morning's work

dore nikruthu \ekile intha kalame veile tan.
DICNote 2)
69.
Ama,
A4(Note 2); S2.

70.
B A3
;
71.
This is not good work, look Ithi nalla veile

Example).
Whose
73.
This
Call
is
yarude nerre ?
72.
ille,
(7th
is
this
Sellai's
Have you
75.
When
nerre
yarukku'!
(or)
itlii
A4.
her Avale
74.
row? Intha
par
row
Ithi
kupidu.
Sellai nerre.
A4(Note
4).
Al(c).
called her Avale kilpitutha? D2; CI (Note 1).

she coming; tell her to come quickly Aval
yeppo varuthu; avale surruka vara sollu. A2; A3(Note
1).
is
COOLY TAMIL.
I cannot wait here always
7G.
Nan
51
yeppothum inge
nikk'-
L2; HI.
elathe.
there she
77.
Sec,
78.
Which
is
your
is
coming Antha par, aval varuthii.

row 'lEthu un nerre ? E; A3(7th
Example).
Don't look about like that, all the rows are straight
ellam nerre neire irukruthu. HI.
79.
Appadi
sutti pdkathe,
When we finished the rows up to that drain we moved

80.
up one Antha kanukku nerre mudinttu. nangal aduttu puditen
(P aduchu pudichen). D2; F(Note 1); Postscript 6.
Then which is your row above that drain? Appo ontha
81.
kanukku mele ethu un nerre. B.
82.
This is mine Ithi yenukku.
All right, you may go, call the cooly next to you
83.
K; Bl(Note 1).
Seri, ni poattum, unukku adat'al kupidu.
This is your row is it z< t ? Ithi un nerre illea
84.
'?
85.
Yes, above the drain Ama, kanukku mele.
80.
Come and
87.
Is this good
Vantu, intha
look at this tea
work?
Ithi
tei'ele par.
Cl(Note
nalla veilea?
D.
1).
88.
You have plucked leaving a fish >eaf Ni topal ele
A3(Note 1); F(Note 1).
Yaich'edututhu).
viiU'edututhu (P
89.
Look here, kangani, all fish leaf work Inge par, kanB2.
gani, ellam topal ele veile.
:
You
90.
pa/t'al tan,
are an old cooly,
Just playing the
91.
why
ye ippadi edukruthu?
fool,
do you pluck like this
B;
Ni oru
S.
go to the lines
Suma
L2(Note 1).
Why can't you look after the work, kangani?
92.
veile pak'elathe, kangani?
93.
How many coolies are there? 35. Tell them
tele
ad-
Ni,
ye
ruthu, laiattukku po.
(one, two, to say tell)
rendu
solla
94.
Munu
(Note
Al
sollu.
Ettane
;
al
nikruthu?
to
Mupattanji.
count
Onnu
M.
There are 3 kanganies, the work ought to be faultless

kangani nikruthu veile kuttam illdme iruk'onum. H;
1.)
96.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
Go on plucking therti Eduttu po ange. Dl.

Plnok quickly Surruk'edu. Al(b).
Don't pluck leaving a fish leaf Topal ele vaitt'edukathe.
Don't pluck leaving two leaves Rend 'ele vaitt'edukathe.
Don't take bard leavesMutt 'ele edukathe.

Kamlni kalittu podu (P
off the stalks
Take
kali.liu).
Dl; P2.
101.
eeitu
Don't take Ecur leafed Btalka together
eduhathe.
102.
Break
edukra' ncrom
A
off
NaVele kambu
1(b).
the stalks
kambu
odittu
while
poda (P
are plucking
KoluntU
odiebu). PI; A2(Nole I.)
yon
:
COOLY TAMIL.
52
If I find four leafed stalks I will put half

are per poduven. L3; G.
103.
nameNaTele
kambu kandal nan
Pindi
104.
Don't stop behind there, all go together
ange, ellara sendu po. P8; T(Note 1).
Some behind, some
105.
work properly
Pathi
F3
padi seria pak'elam.
in front,
al pindi,
;
how can one
nikathe
look after the
pathi al mindi nikruthu veile yep-
CI.
Pluck slowly then you can take a large amount of leaf!

Mulla edu, appo peria ratal kanak eduk'eZaw
H.
106.
Patiram
107.
Pick carefully
108.
Don't strip
109.
Don't touch side branches
Motte
Kavanama
edu.
pudinkathe.
edu.
TJruathe.
Pakka vathu
B.
todathe.
Nadu maratile nalla

'bangi' Kend'ele vanji
110.
Look well in the centre of the tree
par.
Al(a).
111.
Pluck clean
the
two
leafed
tupara edu.
112.
If there is three leafed 'bangi' break and throw away
one, leaving one on the tree, having taken one Mun'ele vanji
iruntal or'ele eduttu, or'ele visi pottu, or'ele maratile vai.
L3;
A3 (Note 2) P2.
113.
Pick thoroughly Narusa edu.
114.
Don't miss the leaf
Koluntu tappathe.
115.
Don't press the leaf down
Kiideile koluntu remba ammakathe.
110.
How many
too
much
A4(Note
rows taken by each cooly
nerre puditVirukruthu (P
One by one
pudich'irukruthu).
A3(Note
in
1 (e).)
the basket
2.)
Or'iilukku ettane
P.
those short rows are finished
On-
unnu, antha korre nerre lmidium-v arikum. M; P3.

118.
Are these all short rows Ithi ellam korre nerrea.
Al.
117.
until
two
119.
Yes, sir, when we get to the ridge I will give two and
again^ Am'aiya, antha modukukku vantu tirumbi rev'endu
D
;
G.
Conductor those 20 coolies must go to tipping Kondaktu
antha iruwath'al mattatukku po'onum (or) mattam odikka
po'onum. E(Note 1).
kudupen.
120.
TIPPING.
Break to a level Mattatukku odi. Al (a).
Break leaving two leaves above the fish leaf Topal
122.
eleikki mele rend'cle vaitt'odi.
123. Don't break leaving one leaf Or'ele vaitt'odikathe.
Leave the tea properly level Tei ele seria mattatukku
124.
121.
vai.
125.
Surruka
Hurry up and go to the next tree, it is enough

adatu maratukku po, ithukku pothum.
for tbib
COOLY TAMIL.
156.
above
Look
fish
53
branch tben break the stalk two leaves

vathu pattu apuram topal eleikki mele
for the top
leaf
Me
Dl.
rend'ele vditt'odi.
127.
That's right, now break all the branches (stalks) to that
level
Athi seri, ippo antha niattatukku ellani vathu odittu podtt.
P2.
128.
todathe.
That
is
don't touch
all,
any more
it
Avalo tan innam
Fl;N.
129.
Don't touch a single (any) side branch
oru vathu todathe.
130.
branches are
If the side
Pakka
vathu
a little high it does not

vaitt'iruntal kariam ille. L4.
left
matter Pakka vathu konjam osaram
131.
If you break too low you cannot put the tree right afterwards Ni remba panitt 'odittal niaram apuram serikatt'elathe.
(P panichu odichal). L3.
little high it can be broken to a level next

coming) Konjam osaram iruntiil caru'kilame
niattatukku odik'elam. G2.
132.
is
week (week which
is
133.
If
it
Next week
mattam pakka
134.
leisi
it
will be easy to see the level

Jl.
Varu kilame
irukum.
Stand below the
tree to
break
it
Maratukku
kile nintu
odi.
135.
If you stand above you cannot see properly
nintal aeria kank'elathe.
13(3.
Before breaking take
koluntu edu.
Dl(Note 2).
Only take a
A3(Note 2); B.
137.
edu.
leaf
and
the
bud
flush
Me pakkam
Odikru'
off
Or'ele-u>n
tiri-um
mindi
matiram
138.
If I find big leaves in the basket I will punish you
Kudeile peri'ele kandal une nan tandipen. Al(b); AI(c); B.
139.
Don't break the middle branches too low
Nadu
remba panittu odikathe. (P panichu). Dl.

140.
As soon as the tree is finished it Bhould be like a
Maram mudintt'iidawe mese mUderi tan iruk'omiin. (P
vathu
R; S2(Note
dinch'udane).
table
:
mu-
1.)
141.
Don't touch anything below the pruned
katte kile iinnum todathe. L2.
stump Kavatu
the lower side of the tree, several leaveB may be left

pania pakkatile micham ele oru kambukku
yaitt'irukattum. K; N.
142.
to a stalk
143.
On
Maratukku
On
the
upper side
only
tun
Me
pakkafile
rendu
matiram.
Don't leave two leaves
rend 'cli vaik'athe.
144.
Butti
1
t.j.
Go
on
po, BUxruka (P
116.
all
round the tree
Maratukku
there, break the level quickly Mattarn

odiehu po).
Put two hands
to
it
Athukku rendu
kfii
podu.
odittu
COOLY TAMIL.
54
Leave the small
147.
trees
Sirma
maram
vtittu
Dl.
po
must be left alone

L2(Note 1.)
If the tree is not two feet wide you don't want to break
149.
it Maram rend'adi agalam Mate ponal ni odikka vunda. L3. H.
The small trees can be left to grow tall Sinna maram
150.
valantu valara vaikattum. K.
Later on they can be cut across level with a knife
151.
Poragu katti pottu mattatukku cett'elam. A4. Bl.
The tea that has not sprouted properly

148.
Seria molikathe tei ele suma vaik'onum. G2
152.
The small trees
virrikka vara vaik'onum.
left
to spread
Sinna
maram
Kangani, I will not weigh the leaf this morning, there

Kangani, kalambre nan nirukkarnafe>? koluutu
153.
not enough
pattathe.
Gl.
is
Look
154.
maram
must be
at this tree,
Sinnama, is that a good level?

nattama?
Intha
par, Sinnama, athi nalla
155.
Don't talk nonsense, don't you know the work
Sum/It
unukku teriatha? L2(Note 1); H; CI (Note 1).

156.
Call, Annama, what is the mistake in this tree Annama
kupidu, intha maratile enna kuttam irukruthu?
157.
Show me, don't you know Kambi, unukku teriatha?
158.
Put that tree right Antha maram serikattu.
159.
Yes, that's it, you know quite well Ama, athi tan,
unukku nalla teriuthu. CI Note 2 on page 79.
160.
Why could you not do it like that before Ye mindi ni
pesathe, veile
appadi sei'elathe?
161.
appo
tine
Work
well, then I will not blame you Nalla

nan yesamaten Al(c); Gl.
All right, go to your row and work carefully
Seri.
162.
nereikki poi patirama veile sei.
163.
164.
165.
E.
veile, sei
un
Hurry up you lazy donkeys Surruka ni somara kaluthe.

You are all old coolies Ni ellam pali'al tan. S2.
This sort of work is no good Intha maderi veile nall'Me.
Al(b).
166.
I will not give a
name
for this
Ithukku nan per kuduk-
kamaten.
167.
You must hurry or you will not finish the task Ni surruka po'onum Mate kanak mudiamatathe.. L3(Note) Bl.
;
168.
If
you finished the kanak I
will give
you
full
name
Kanak mudintt 'iruntal unukku nan mulu per kudupen. F(Note

Kangani, tell (them) to bring the leaf to the road
1G9.
gani, koluntu rotukku kondara sollu. A3 (Note 1.)
now Ippo nan
170.
I will weigh up
171.
All stand on one side
172.
padangu
Ellam
Here,
boy,
spread
virrittu
podu
(P. virriohu podu.)
out
koluntu nirupen.
oru pakkatile
the
1.)
KanG
nillu.
sacking Intha,
podian,
OOOLY TAMIL
No,
17:3.
standing
Throw
174.
podu.
pull
Hie,
it
to
where
ufm nikruthu
that
rubbish
to
(i.e.
lekile
off
the plac on which) I
am
G2.
ilhi.
it
55
Antha
kuppe
eduttu
visi
P2.
175.
Move
those dead leaves
off
the
road Eotiliruntu antha
sette tallu.
176.
Look in the baskets for hard leaf
par.
Al.
Mutt'eleikki
huddle
177. If these coolies keep talking I will send them to the

Inth'al innam pes'iruntiil laiatukku anupuven.
L3.
lines
Where are
Come and
178.
179.
E(Note
1).
Don't come crowding

Don't come too close,
180.
181.
Sak enge (irukruthu)?

weigh one by one TTn-unnu nirukha va.
the sacks?
together Kutama
varathe
how can
I weigh without space

Remba kitta varathe, iddam illame nan yeppadi nirukren. F3.
There is not enough room here, move up a bit Inge
182.
iddam pattathe, konjam talli nillu. Dl.
Boys come and weigh first Podian motha nirukka va.

Don't talk Pesathe. Pesame nillu. F3 Tl(Note 1).
185.
Who is that laughing Athi yar sirikruthu. E.
Collect the leaf and put it in the sacksKoluntu alii
186.
bukile podu.
Bl(Note 1).
187.
Those coolies are not picking over their leaf Anth'al
183.
184.
kol iintu porrukrurh'ille.
188.
in
Tin
Look well in your baskets, there

kudeile nalla par.wtttt'ele varuthu.
is
hard leaf coming
Bl
Alfb).
189.
Four pounds is not enough, have you been
Naln ratal pattathe, ni tiinknutha. D2.
sleeping
Ni
190.
Where have you been, you have done no work
enge ponnthu, ni veile seintuth'ille. (P
sinjuth'ille).
D2.
191.
What is your name? Tin per enna?
:
Aiyakaiman kangany's people Savariamah Aiyakannan

kangani-al Bavariama. A4(Note 4) B2.
L93.
What is your head kangany's name?- Un peria kangani per enna?
192.
I'll.
Don't speak so fast, I cannot understand Avalo surruka pesathe, nan velunk'elathe.
8ay your name slowly Un per mulla sollu.

is in the first gang of people (in tin- book)
Adpntham Yen per morha perat'al, Adputham.
197.
Sir, .Muttan's gang is at the end (of the book)Xiya
195.
196.
My name
Mutriin peratn
198.
Pattmalu.
aay?Ettane
ratal
D2.
Fourteen.
to 1)
199.
kadesile irukrnthn".
pounds did I
How many
sannen?
Un
Give your basket with (in) two hands

kude rendu kaiile kudu. M(Note 1) A4(Note 2).
;
COOLY TAMIL.
56
200.
I take off four pounds for (the weight of) the

CI.
ratal halikren.
basket
EMeikki nalu
When there is rain six must be taken off (must take

201.
off) Malei irukru neram aru ratal kalik'onum.. PI.
Those who have weighed must go to the rows Nirut'dl
202.
nerreikki po'onum.
G2.
Don't stand on the road Kotile nikathe.
Each eooly must go to the row just left (each cooly
204.
Anth'anth'al nerreikki po'onum.
to own row must go)
205. My row is finished, where shall I go?Yen nerre
mudintuthu, nan enge poven? F(Note 1); G.
Go to the end and take up rows Tongalukku poi
206.
203.
nerre
pudi.
207.
Dl.
Shake up the leaf Koluntu uthari podu.
Press the leaf into the corners (of the sacks) Miileikammachi podu).
ki koluntu ammattu podu (P
Put only 50 lbs. to a sack Oru sakukku ampathu
209.
ratal matiram podu.
Do you want women to carry sacks? Sak tiikka
210.
pu inhale al venuma? HI (Note 1).
Yes, there are only 8 boys to 10 sacks Sma, pattu
211.
sakukku yettu podian matiram nikruthu.
208.
Then call two women who did not carry yesterday

212.
Appo neitu tukath'al rendu pumbale kupidu. G2 Postscript 8.
Be careful, don't pluck buds Patiram, arnmbu eduk213.
:
athe.
Only take the well-opened shootsNalla virruttu ko214.

luntu matiram edu. G2.
Don't take a leaf below the old level Palia mattatukku
215.
kile
or'ele edukathe.
Pick to the old level Palia mattatukku edu.

Pluck without touching low branches Pania
F3 Bl.
foil Time edu.
216.
217.
vathu
218.
You may
pick leaving a big fish leaf
Peria
topal ele
vaitt'edukattum.
You can pick to a small fish leaf on the high brandies

219.
Bl H.
vathile sinna topal ele vaitt'eduk'elam.
TJchi
220.
Then the
valaramatathe.
221.
trees will not
it
properly
ni seria yett'elathe.
There
is
HI (Note
too
if it is high you
vathu odik'onum, osaram iruntal
the high branches,
TJchi
These coolies
222.
odikruth'iWe.
CI.
223.
Appo ma ram osaram
Gl.
You must break
cannot reach
grow high
1).
kangani Tnge
are not breaking properly
much
stripping here,
seria
Inth'ill
remba
motte pudinkruthu, kangani.

224.
Where
are the
primers? KavWal enge nikruthu.
B2.
COOLY TAMIL.
57
PRUNING.
They have taken up lines from the top road
225.
F.
iruntu nerre puditbu'irukruthu.
You have
22P).
not done enough work
Yeile
Me
rotil-
pattathe.
A3
Example).
(7th
knots Intha
OmIt is nine thirty, and only this much finished

227.
path'are mani achi, ivalo matirarn mudintt 'irukruthu. P; F3.
These trees are very big
228.
maram micham
Give
229.
perisi
me
(irukruthu)
many
there are
remba mudichi irukruthu.

try and see Yenukku oru katti
;
a knife I will
kudu nan thendittu papen (P thendichu).

Take all the knots out clean Ellam mudiohi tupara
230.
:
edu.
232.
Don't leave a half knot Are mudichi vaikathe. Ml.

Cut to a level properly Seria mattatukku vettu.
233.
Look
231.
here, Raiappan, this tree
Raiappan, intha maratukku mattam

234.
Shorten that branch
korreichu).
korreittu vettu (P
:
235.
porfu.
Cut
out
all
Inge
not level
par,
little
Antha
vathu
konjam
Dl.
stumps
the
is
ille.
Ellam
palia katte kallit>n
P2.
236.
237.
Don't leave any twigs Asambu vaikathe.

Cut the upper side of the tree first Maratukku me
pakkam motha vettu.

Then you can
238.
239.
240.
tell
the level
Appo
mattam
teri'elam.
Don't cut too low Remba panittu vetathe. N.

Cut two inches above the old cut Palia vettukku mele
F(Note
rendu inchi vaittu vettu.

241.
Cut the high branch
242.
Then cut
all
1).
first
Me
vathu motha vettu.
the other branches to that
level
Appo
matta vathu ellam antha mattatukku vettu.

243. On the lower side of the tree it does not matter how high
the branches are above the old cut Maratukku pannia pakkatile
palia vettukku mele vathu yevalo osaram irukruthu kariam ille.
Pakka
244.
Don't shorten the side branches
kathe (pannikka, to lower).
245.
kathe.
240.
247.
vfinilu.
248.
vathu panni-
Don't clear out the new branches Pfithu vathu
kali-
Thin out all twigs Asambu ellam kalittu vettu.

You do not wanl to pull off the leaves -Elf pudinkka
H.
Don't cut down
249.
Yon
250.
Prune
to
the
main stem
Adi
vettathe.
not want to prone below last year's cut- -Eonu

V&isu vettukku kile ni vetta vanda.
H.
Un
katti titu.
<1<>
carefully.
Sharpen your knife Patiram vettu.
COOLY TAMIL.
58
His knife has got blunt
251.
Put a
G2(Note
slope on the cut branch
252.
podu.
AvanwJe
katti mallingu poichi
A4; F3.
(po'achi).
Don't cut
253.
kalikathe.
B.
may
255.
You
kalik'elam.
strong branches Pellama na vathu
the
out
Prune round the
254.
vettu.
Vettnu Vj,thukkti islopu
1).
tree
sides) Nalu pakkam
(4
thin out the centre branches
Nadu
Cut below that knot Antha mudichi kile

Hold the branch while you prune, don't
256.
257.
sutti
vathu
ni
vettu.
let it
shake
Kavatu vettru'neram vathu pudi, aseia vudathe. G2 PI.

You do not want to go so fast, look what you are doing
258.
Avalo vehama poa vanda, ni seiruthu padi par. H; CI.
;
Don't slash at it Visi vettathe. Dl.

You must do 250 trees each Ovor'al irunutti ampathu
sei'onum. J3 M(Note 3).
259.
260.
maram
That tree is too high, I said before cut two inches

261.
below the old cut Antha maram remba osaram ; mknii!iu, mindi
nan sonnen palia vettukku kile rend'inchi vettu.
Shorten the branches near you

262.
Al(c).
koreittu podu.
line kitta irukru'vathu
Athi tevelea, ippo surruka

Take out
cross branches Ellam pinal vathu eduttu
264.
podu.
265.
If there are two branches cut out the smallest Rendu
vathu kitta iruntal athium sinna vathu vetti edu. L3 LI B.
266. Don't leave forked (or two and two) branches Kavatu
That's better,
263.
now hurry up
vetti po.
all
(or,
rendu-rendu) vathu vaikathe.

267.
you
fool
This tree has twenty levels on it, what are you doing,
maratukku iruwathu mattam irukruthu, ni enna
Intha
seiruthu,
268.
mada
pail.
Kangani, what is that man doing far away over there?

Kangani, anth'al enna seiruthu ange turam?
259.
He is pruning from that end Antha tongal'iruntu
vettruthu.
270.
Why?
don't let
them work both ends
(lit
don't fold
Ye? madattu vetta vudathe (P madachu vetta). F(Note

One cooly here, one there, how am I to look at the
271.
work Inge or'al, ange or'al, nan yeppadi veile pakren. CI.
272.
Don't want to leave the knives in the sun, the handles
will spoil Katti
vaikka vanda kiii-pudi ketia poum nellalile
vai.
A4(Note 2) J2.
273.
Come along, prune away Vetti va.
cut)
1).
veiilile
;
274.
Where
you know
teriatha ?
Al(a);
manuring coolies do you know? Don't

enge nikruthu unukku teriuma. ? Unukku
Note on page 79.
are the
TJrat 'al
COOLY TAMIL.
275.
They are at the other
liiudaku antha pakkam nikruthu.
side
5<J
of
Antha
corner
that
Modakukku angatu nan

1 go round the corner?
Footnote page 5; H.
277.
Are the coolies near the stump? Antha kutta-kattc
A3(Note 1(/).
kitta nikruthu all
Must
276.
po'onuma
'.'
MANURING.
How many
278.
vantuthul
bags did you bring?
Ni
ettane mute kundu
D2.
279.
Twenty bags, each cooly carried one
sak, ovor'al oru sak tuknuthu.
J3.
Have
280.
Sundu
manure up
you the tins?
sack
Iruwathu
CI (Note
irukrutha"?
1).
Sunduile uram
kumittu vaikathe.
282.
Fill the tins with manure and knock the top
Sundu
nereittu pottu tale tattu;
vudu) (P
nereichu pottu).
Put one tin to every four trees Nalu maratukku oru
283.
sundu podu.
nerre iinnu vut'unnu.
284. No, every other row
286. Give me the tin I will show Sundu yenukku kudu,
nan katuven. G.
286. Having put the manure like that TJram appadi pottu
Don't
281.
pile
the
in
tins
off
(or
tatti
Ille,
fork well on the four sides nalu pakkatile nalla kutu.
287.
288.
Don't leave any space without forking
JcRt'ame vaikathe.
F3; T(Note 1).
Go on
289.
forking, there
Kuti
Iddam
mullu
po, ange.
Ippo ellatukku kambittF.

know the work Ellanikum veile teriutliu
291.
They
(ellarum everybody).
292. Fork to the depth of the fork Mullu alaru kutu,
mullu alatukku kutu.
Dig a hole above each tree Ovonl rnarahikku mele oru
293.
Now
290.
'irukren.
have shown to
all
all
(or)
kuli vettu.
294. All holes must be 1 feet long and six inches wide-Ml; M.
Kuli un'are adi nilain, aru inchi agalarn inik'onuni.
ni
295.
This hole
296.
How
is
not deep enough
Intha kuli
are you going to bury the
manure
alarn pattathe.
in
that- Athilt
uram yeppadi pothikruthu? C2; CI; A4.

Mix the manure up with the earth -Maim-w
297.
kalantu podu.
298.
(or)
Dig deeper and wider

Ithium ilam
Igalam vettu,
kuda vetta. r L N.
Then put dead leaves in together Apuram sctte seilu
alaro, agiklam
299.
podu.
aihtnuttt
B.
COOLY TAMIL.
300.
302.
uram
sintathe.
away
flying
is
down well Mannu
it
manure "Oram
Don't upset the

Look, the manure
301.
par,
with earth and stamp
in
Fill
pottu nalla mithu.
lniidi
in the
wind
Antha
katile poruthu.
303.
Stoop down and spread
patiram virru.
carefully
it
Kuninchu
nintu
Go on
forking, the ground is not hard- Kiiti po, mannu

A3(7th Example).
305.
You can easily fork here, it rained in the night Inge
leisi kut'elam ravile malei peintuthu (P
peinchuthu). D2.
306.
If there is not enough work finished you will not have
304.
varratum
ille.
full
name
Mudintu
L3
matathe.
That work
307.
unukku mulu per
veile pattathe ponal
iruka-
Gl.
is
better,
kangani
Antha
veile
tevelea,
kangani.
you always do like this all will be well Ippadi ni

iruhum. L2 L3 Jl.
309. Do as I say and don't give trouble Nan sollrumdderi
sei karachal panname.
G2 B.
310.
Look after the work well, kangani, I am going to the
drainers Kangani, veile nalla par, nan kan valeiJc'al
kitta*
308.
If
yeppothum
seithal seri
G2; Gl.
poren.
DKAINING.
311.
These drains want deepening
H.
Have you no alavangas?
312.
Intha
kan alama
vett'
onum.
Yes, Sir,
313.
pendix C.
there are
Unukku
some
irukruthu.
Ap-
Then why do you not use them Appo ye pavikruth'illc.

Come here, you, what is this Btone left in the drain
Inge va, ni, ennatukku intha kal kanile vaiW irukruthu. F.
316.
Get the stone taken out Kal eduttu podu.
314.
315.
for
alavanga illea?
Am'anga,
the coolies who did this drain

Suma pesathe, intha kdn-dl kupidu. L2(Note 1); B2.
318.
Dig the earth round the stone first with a mamoty
Mamoti eduttu kal sutti mannu motha vettu.
319.
Like that, now put the alavanga Appadi tan, ippo
alavanga podu. S.
320. Put a small stone under the alavanga Alavanga kile
oru sakku vai.
321.
Press the alavanga down. Press ! Alavanga kile am317.
Don't talk
rot,
call
maku.
Amrnaku
322.
There you see, the stone is moving Antha par, kal
aseiruthu.
323.
With a little work put to it it will come out Konjam
veile athukku pottu vellia varum.
J2.
Mispronunciation of itham
place.
COOLY TAMIL.
Ni
324.
You
pakruth'ille.
do not try
61
thendikruth'ille,
325.
Come here, put a small stone and
Inge vantu, oru sakku pottu, alavanga tiiku.
320.
Lift
that's it, now push
ippo oru pakkatukku tallu.
I
it
to
(or),ni
lift
thendittu
the alavanga
D.
one side
Tuku
appadi,
enough don't leave it, dig it

along Kan alam pattathe ponal athe suma yaikathe,
nedua alam vettu. L3.
327.
deeper
(P
If the drain is not deep
all
328.
Go on cleaning out the drains well
valeichu.)
Nalla
valeittu po
32 J. Don't put the prunings on the top of the tea Mar

mele podathe.
(
fle
330.
drain
tri-
Take away the prunings and rubbish from above the

mele-iliruntu mar-um kuppe-um eduttu podu.
Push it all below the second row Rendam nerreikki
Ml.
Don't leave the dug earth on the road Vettnu' m&mm
Kanukku
331.
kile tallu.
332.
rotile vaikathe.
333.
G2.
Only put
it
in
the hollows
Pallatile
matiram podu.
Al(o).
334.
Don't leave
vaikathe. Al(a).
335.
earth
Kan oratile mannu

road Eotile irukru'kal
on the edge
Take out the stones
in
the
eduttu podu.
PLANTING.
336. I told Palaniandy to go to the nursery, has he gone?

Palaniandi tavaranikki poa sonnen, avan po'irukrutha. F.
337.
Shall I go by this road Intha rotodu nan poattumaV
338.
Konal kannu edukathe.

Ellam kandu oru kana-
Don't take the crooked plants
Cut the plants all to one size

339.
kukku vettu.
340.
You do not want to cut 6ome long and some abort
Pathi nit am, pdthi korre vetta vdvda. J3 H.
;
341.
turn.
You may take
the side root
Pakka
ver ni vettat-
K.
342.
Prod the ground deeply
343.
Then the
ver odikame
344.
345.
846.
ni
off
fjimnm
847.
Mannu
root will come

varum. F3; J2.
alama kufcu.
up without breaking
Appo
Wrap them up in some leaves Konjarn ele sutti kattu.

Hurry np and take them away Athe surruka kondu po.
The coolies are doing nothing up there Ango mele
seiruth'ille.
They
fan nikfutha.
arc
P3.
CI.
waiting
for
more Kandu varum
varikum
COOLY
62
Don't pull up the very small plants
348.
kathe.
349.
LI
edu.
Take the biggest

Ml.
350.
Make
351.
Put the plant

Put (plant) it
352.
TIAMIL.
wide hole
first
Athium
Kuli
Podi kandu
peria
pudin-
kannu
motha
alarua vettu.
in straight
Kandu
nimatu podu.
Tavarani matta-
in to the nursery level
tukku podu.
353.
Look, do you see this earth on the plant, that is the
nursery level Intha par, kannile intha mannu kankrutha? athi
tan tavarani rnattam.
354.
355.
356.
Don't plant
it lower than that

Athukku kile nadathe.
Put the alavanga well in Alavanga nalla podu.
Put your foot close to the plant Un kal kandu kitta
podu.
357.
Now
358.
You only want
the alavanga to
pull
it
Ippo
alavanga athukku
illu.
katile
matiram
359.
Tramp
down
it
tal
peg
in a
Oru
Kandu
kitta pal-
kiini podu.
down will not do

sainttu podu appo kal vuluntaka kanseiamatathe. L3; Gl ; (P. sainchu.)
it
in slanting, then stones falling
to the plant
dukku mosam
Athi rendu pak-
well with your heel Un kuthin kal
Don't leave a hollow near the plant
lam vaikathe.
361.
Put
362.
Put
harm
on two sides
D.
pottu nalla mithu.

360.
to do that
venum.
seia
Kuni
363.
If there is a rock move to one side and try
oru pakkatukku talli thendittu par. L3.
Pare
irun-
inKuni poda marakathe.
364.
Don't forget
355.
Kangani, don't let them go on without treading the

Kangani, mannu sutti nalla mithikarne avan-
to
put the peg
Bl.
earth well round

gale poa vudathe.
366.
aiya.
A2
Al
I have told them,
Bl.
sir Avangalukku nan
367.
All right, then see that they do
seiruthu tan par. Al(c).
it
Seri,
soll'irukren.
athe avangal
WEEDING.
368.
All those
weeds must be collected
Antha
ellam
pillu
porrukka venum.
369.
Put them
Sakile pottu rotukku
370. Don't pile

kumittu vaikathe.
sacks and bring them

kondu v3.
the weeds up in the rows
into
to
the
road
Nerreile
pillu
COOLY TAMIL.
371.
Naliki
If
63
ou bring matches tomorrow you can burn the weed*
kondn vn.)ttal
Tomorrow weeds will have
nerapu-kfichi
pillu
L3; Bl.
rdi'elam.
got dry
Naliki
373.
Don't scrape so much earth Avalo
mannu
374.
Pull up th big weeds by
372.
po'irukum (poi-irukum.)
kanji
pillu
Jl.
hand
Peria
surantathe.
pillu
kaiile
pudinku.
375.
These scrapers are too old
Intha
LI.
tan.
some new scrapers
karandi remba palisi

[G.
Piithu karandi
vangaven,
yarude kontrap? E.
376.
I will get
377.
Whose
378.
Katan's contract. Then stop his rice he does not weed

Appo avan arisi nipatu, avan pillu vetruth'ille.
379.
There
contract
is
this?
Ithi
Katan kontrap.
is
much
too
seed in the ground
Pumile
remba
vethe irukruthu.
380.
Pu
Go on weeding Pillu
vetti po.
Weeds should be pulled up before the flower

381.
varutliu mindi pillu pudink'onum.
G2.
comes
If the contract cooly weeds a little each day it will

382.
be easy to keep the field clean Ovoru naliki kontrap J/ konjom
B2 .13 L3 Jl.
rettual, malei tupara vaikka leisi irukum.
:
383.
DOW how
In this contract the work has

difficult
it
will
be.
to clean
384.
How many
acres
contract?
this
is
lutha
panna
tupara
ellam pindi poichi, ippo athe

irukum. P3; Bl.
ettane ekru.
it
behind
got
all
hand.
kontrapile veile
yevalo varratum
Intha
kontrap
Fl,
Ten acres. Where are the boundary marks? Paft(u)

Vandris maiam enge (irukruthu)?
Be quick, it is going to rain Surruka. malei varuthu.
386.
385.
'ekru.
FILLING.
387. Those hole-filling coolies
kuli mfid'al remba seiruth'illc.
B2
388.
Whose row
nerre. 51 ydr,
38'.).
is this,
why do you
ye pallam vaihruthu.
doing
much Antha
leave a
hollow Tntha
not
Al(b).
are.
;
CI.
Fifty times I have said you are ro pile the. earth

kiimittv vaikka soiuien.
D.
up
Ampathu beram mannu
390.
This woman will not work properly, send her to the
lines Intha pumhale nalla veile seitimatathe, avale Kuatnkku
anupu.
She is a new cooly and docs not know the work Aval
391.
puthTil tan, avalnkku veile teriathe.
8.; Note on pa^'e 79.
392.
Well, teach her then
pad if hi kudu.
393.
It ia four o'clock, you
ni veile vudattum.
F3; K.
(to
learn give)
may
stop work-
Appo avalukkn
Naln mSni
achi,
COOLY TAMIL.
64
Shout to those coolies to stop work Avfh'~\\ veile vada

394.
sattam podu. C Bl
CI
395. Are they all coming ? A vangal ell am vamthii?
(Note 1).
Don't forget what I told you l^nukku nan sonna'
396.
maderi marakathe. R.
You must learn all this. It is very easy Ithi ellam
397.
padik'onum. Athi micham leisi tan. C2; L2.
398. "You must not go without this book Intha postikum
;
illame ni poa vendam.
F3 H.
;
the end of the
tea Ithi
tan tei'ele tongal.
S.
399.
This
400.
Good-bye, (come back again) Salam, poittu va.
is
Dl.
EUBBER TAPPING.
Tappers must come and get their buckets at five o'clock
in the morning Pal-al anji manikki kalambre vali edukka var'
401.
onum.
P.
Those who come after that must go without work

402.
Athukku pidpadu vant'al veile illame po'onum. P.
Each cooly must have a number OvorTilukku oru
403.
nambar irukka venum.
Each cooly must take his own knife and bucket
404.
(For 'Antha'
Aiith'anth'Hl antha kattiuin valiurn edukk'onum.
see Vocabulary).
Do not allow the coolies to take the buckets to the

405.
manikki vali laiatukku kondu poa
at four o'clock
Nam
lines
vudathe.
Each cooly must bring his own bucket to the tool shed
406.
Anth'anth'al avanude vali aitham-kamaraMfcfcu kondu var'ouuni.
A4.
Tap carefully and do not take the bax-k oft thickly
407.
Patiram vettu, patte kannam edukathe.
408.
Don't press the corner of the knife into the bark
Katti
mule patte iilukku ammakathe.

If no latex comes it does not matter Pal vilrate ponSl
409.
kariam ille. E3.
410. You do not want to cut deep until a lot of latex
comes Micham pal varum'varikum alama vetta vanda. J2 P3.
Cut well so that the trunk of the tree does 'not show
under the cut bark Vettyiu' patteikki kile adi maram teriame
411.
Dl(Note 2); Postscript 5.

Cut until you see (know) the white latex bark, then
go no deeper Veile pal-patte teriura yariknm vettu. apuram athikum alam poathe.
padikki nalla vettu.

412.
Do not shave the inside white bark

patte sivathe.
Dl(Note 2).
413.
yeilfe
Hlukku
irukru'
COOLY TAMIL.
85
414.
If one can see the stem of the tree after yon have
the bark that is a wound Patte vettnuthu pidpadu adi
S.
maram teri>ittol, athe t'm kaiam. L3
cut
Don't make wounds on the tree
415.
Afarafile
kaiam panna
Al; HI.
Look how I am doing
kudathe.
it, then you can learn Nan

appo ni padik'elam.
Don't put the knife slanting, and keep the edge of
416.
aeiriithu padi par,
417.
the tree Kacti sainttu podathe, katti-oram

siiinchu).
Al.
(P
Before you tap remove the scrap rubber Ni vettruthu
418.
mindi ottu-pal eduttn poda. P2. (ottu past. parr, of otta to
the knife close
marate kitta
to
vai.
stick.)
Don't
A4.
419.
iirutathe.
up
scrap
roll
hands
in your
Ottu-pal
Put scrap in your little basket and do not let

pal kottu-kudeiile pottu kile sintu vudathe.
D.
420.
Ottu
Tap
421.
serrete
the coconut shell to get the dirt
kaiile
it
Ute
upset
edukka
out:
tattu.
422.
Put the coconut
kaxubikki nimatu podu.
Collect the latex
423.
raffle podu.
Postscript 6
Keep the
424.
lid
shell
upright
and put
D.
Serrete
buckets Pal
the
into the
it
on the bucket
on
Valikki
wire
alii
mudi pottu
vai.
425.
When you have emptied the shell put it upside down
on the peg Pal kotti pottu serrete knchikki niele kuppara podu.
Now
coolies may all go to the factory and weij.'ti up

latex Ippo pal nirukruthaha algal (plur.) istorukku poattum,
Mr Footnote); K.
Don't try to take the scrap off the side cuts until
427.
coagulates Pal oriruthu mindi ottu pal miirapu kaniliruntn
it
426.
the
thendittu edukathe.
(Oria
to
coagulate.)
'down channel' is not clean cut it a little with

the knife Nettn kan tupara illate ponal katti pottu konjam vettu,
If there is an old wound, cut (leaving a) ledge of bark
429.
Palia kaiam irnntal patte olhuku vettu, (or, othuki vettu). (^ff
If the
428.
vocabulary for "othuku").

If you do not shield wounds I will ouly give you half
(30.
your number of ounces Ni kaiam othuki vettate ponal nan nnukkii
arr
ifins
kanak matiram
Ml.
taren.
f am paying 1 of a cent
431.
Motlial riiimbarufcku nan arc-are-kSl
432.
Tor No.
133.
li
earn a
lot
:i,
p<u-
ounce for No.
(field)
sadam or'aunsukku kudukren.

Rffm&m nambarukku are Badam.
cent
you come early in the morning and work well yon can
of money- Xingal kalambrc rellena vantu nalla veile
mdcham kasi poleik'elam.

434.
From today, kangani,
Beitha]
there need not be any mUBter

Innikki vaichi, kaugaui, peratu vaikka vtrnduttkHle. N3 III
;
000 LY TAMIL.
66
tappers
All
4::".
may
each
go
to
430.
petiter
imupu.
respective
their
Pal-al anth'anth'al
straight from the lines
B2.
laiatilirunfu nedua poattum.
anth'antha
fields
maleikki
Every Saturday send all the tapping knives to the oarS&ini kilame Saini kilame* ellam rabar-katti odavi kitta
N2. Page 15 (Footnote).
437.
The carpenter will sharpen them for uexr week's work

Adatu kilame veileikki odavi katti titi anupuvan.
and return them
EECEUITING.
Why
me? What is this? Ennatukku yene kitta odi varuthu? Irh'enna?

This is a tundu for 20 coolies, please I want master to
439.
take them on Ithu uruwath'alukku oru 'tundu,' dore taivu seithu
(please) edukka venum.
440.
How can I take these coolies on, this is a Fedora led
inth'al yeppadi edukren ithi segapu tundu totum.
tf state Nan
'438.
are you running after
"'
441.
How much
'iilukku dore yevalo
442.
If
it
is
debt per head is master going to give Ovor

kadan kuriukrar:' Appendix B.
red tundu like this I will not give more than
Tntha
roaderi segapu tundu iruntal ovor'ahikkn

napathu ruaukku mele kudukkamaten. 01.
bring a white tundu will master give E100 per
..
443.
Tf I
head V -Nan velle tundu kondu vantal dore nihil rua or 'iilukku
Appendix B; CKNote 1).
I: nil
u para:'
B40
per head
444..
No, you have too much debt already
remba kadan irukruthu.

Then master must
445.
llle,
ippo unukku
settle my account give me my tundu

and I put these new coolies on another estate Appo dore yen
kanak tirunttu, tundu kuduttu, nan intha puth'al vere totatukku
eduttu vaikren. Al D.
446.
Why do you not try and get coolies from the coast, their
travelling expenses will be charged to estate account
Simeiiliruntu al ye thendittu edukruth'ille? vali-selavu tqtum kanakile
;
pott'irukum.
Jl.
master gives me B50 I will go and fetch some Dore

yenukku ampathu rua kudutal nan poittu al kondu varuven.
447.
If
448.
No, I cannot give so much. I will give ten rupees here
then you can get BIO at the Trichinopoly (Labour Commission)
Agency for each cooly yon take and issue there Nan avalo kuduk'
elathe. Inge pattu rua tiiren appo ni Tipaukku kondu vantu
pathintt'al ovor'alukku ni pattu rua vang'elam.
G2.
* A repetition often indicates the idea of a repeated action,

time, thought, etc. Compare:
Masam-masaui
ilukk'-alukku
Vara-vara
month by month
to
-'
everyone
gradually
COOLY TAMIL.
07
All right, Sir. Here, this is the form to take and show
449.
Intha, intha odru
the Trichinopoli Agency Nallath'anga.
(adru) Trichinopoli Tipaukku kondu poi kambikk'onum. Appdx.C.
at
Look here, here

numbers Intha par,
450.
the
eluthi
down
are ten tickets I have written
pattu
tagaram
irukruthu
Nambar
vaitt'irukren.
How long will you be away? Ni poittu yevalo kalam

niputku? (from 'nikka,' to stop).
I will be away for one month and then return, sir452.
Nan oru masam poittu varen'anga.
453.
How many coolies can you bring, you must tell me
before you go Ni ettane al kondu varuvuthu? Ni poruthu mindi
yenukku soil a tan venum. L4(12th Example).
451.
I will bring eight
454.
(yjctt'31
coolies
through
the
Agency
Nan
pathinttu kondu varuven.
Tipaiiile
You should always try and get your relations as other

perhaps will bolt Un tai-pulle-al yeppothum pattu eduk'
onum, ver'al sila vuele odi povuthu.
455.
coolies
What
456.
Simeiile
will be your address at the 'Coast'
unukku enna meil-vilasam irukum?
457.
(village)
'(taluk),
maneiri (Gru) Tirukadupille (taluk) Tanjur
My name
458.
P..., son of S...
is
India;
(i.e.
Jl.
(district) Pal a -
(silla).
Yen per
Palaniandipulle,
Sinivasagam magan.
All right, now put your signature to this paper
459.
ippo intha kaithatukku un kai-oppam vai. Al(a).
Don't you know how to write?

460.
Terium. B2(Note 2).
teriatha?
Yes,
Beri,
Unukku
sir
eluts
I have written on that paper that you will return in

461.
a month and bring eight coolies as you said Ni sonuthu padi,
oru masam kalittu yett'al kondu varuthu, antha kaithatile elut'
(P
Kalichu).
irukren.
462.
gaol
>Ji
you do not do as you have said I will send you to

L3,
sonu'padi seiate ponal unc mareilukku anupuven.
If
All right, sir; Good-bye (the equivalent

463.
Nan varen, salnm
taking)
Nallath anga
when
leant
Call the
16").
gain
Head Kangani. Look
Kangani has sent
kupidu.
kaitham
Intha,
kangani,
anup'trufcnT?!.
here, kangani, Ramalin

From his village- Peria kangani
Ramalingam kangani urilirintu oru
letter
A4; Appendix
B.
466. Bead it and tell me what he says Athe vasittu aran

enna eluthi sol Iran yenukkn boILu.
In it he Bays that he lias go) together six coolies, but
467.
they Bay they will doI come to the Agency- Athile erath'irukran,
Bruile wr'al seittu-kuttu
rothn.
468.
avangal Tipaukku varamatom eniu nik-
Postscript 7.
They will not come until their village debts arc pni.l by
;
R...Bamalingara kangani avangalude urn-kadan

!,um vftramatathe.
P3.
katftutn
rari-
(JOOLY TAMIL,
68
How much is the debt, does he (write and) say?

yevalo irukruthu, avail elut 'irukra nd ? Appendix B; CI
469.
Kadan
(Note).
470 Yes, sir, he says he wants Es. 60 sent to him Am'anga,

avanukku aruwathu rua anupa venurn entu sollran. Postscript 7.
Enna, ni sollru
471.
What, I can't hear what yon say
padi nan kelk'ille.
472.
I say that it is necessary to send Es. 60 Aruwathu rua
anupa vendiuthu, enkren (from, Eua
to say). HI.
-
.'
473.
I cannot send
trust him Kanganikki
namb'elathe.
money to the kangani because I cannot

nan kasi anup'elaf/ic, yenendal avane
H.
474.
I will write and ask the Labour Commissioner to send
a peon to Eamalingain's village to find him, and, on showing thi?
new coolies, the peon will pay the money and all go together t:
the Agency Bamalingam kangani teidi pakka padik'ti avanude
iirukku oru pian anup'elama Tipafi Ejent doreikki <ru kuith&m
eluthi kelkren.
Kangani puth'al kambittu'udane, pian kasi kuduttu, ellarum Tipaukku seindu vdruvuthu.
Postscript 5; G.
475.
There
is
a bolted cooly at the coast,
Nan pudikka vendiuthu odi pon'al or'al
catch
script 8;
476.
whom
virile
I want to
nikrdn. Post-
Appendix B.
All right, I will try
he can be caught
and get you a warrant
if
you think
Avane pudik'elam nineittdl unukku oru varantu
vanga pakren.
L3.
477.
Here you are, keep this paper carefully, show it when
you get to the coast and I will send another like it to
Kadpadi Intha, intha kadatasi patiram vaittu, simeikki poittu
kambi antha maderi inoru kadatasi Kadpadi Tipaukku anupren.
Two coolies, a man and a woman, are coming from
478.
Hagama to-day, here is the telegram Mareiliruntu inniki rend'al,

oru ambale, oru pumbale, viiruthu, ithi tan tandi.
S.
479.
You should go to the station this evening they will
come by the night mail Saintaram ni rail istesanukku po'onum,
avangal raval kochile

480.
eri
want master
Avangal sortukku
dore
varuvuthu.
to give
Postscript 6.
me some money
yenukku
for their rice
kuduk-onum.
salli
Page
15
(Footnote).
Come
to the office at two o'clock and I will give you

rendu manikki apisukku vantu nan oru rua kuuupen.
482.
Sir, the two new coolies have arrived, please issue them
rice
and cash Puth'al vantuth'anga, avangalukku arisiww
kasiiiw Ijpd'anga..
B.
483.
For their new pots ami pans
will give Es. 3 to each
cool j Avanukku puthu sattiura panium ovor'alukku nan mfinu
rua taren. B.
481.
Ee. 1
Ni
I.
484.
No, I will not give the money to the kangani, call
the coolies and I will put it into their own hands Die, kanganikki
Oan kasi kudukkamaten, al kupittu avanude kaile tan podren. S.
COOLY TAMIL.
G9
kangani yesterday
Sir, with the money given to N
485.
be bought and drank arrack, then kicked up a row in the lines last
kanganikki kudutu kasile (avan) saranight Aiya, neitn N
iam vangi kfidittu, intha raval laiatile sande pottan. Appendix B.
In furure I will not give coolies cash who come from
486.
the coast, I will cause their pots and pans to be bought for them
Inimel simeiiliruntu vant'alukku nan kasi kudukkamaten, avanade sattium panium vdnga padren. Postscript 9.
487.
You low caste drunken fellow, why cannot you obey the
Ni sinna safchi
sense I am always telling you about, drinking ?
sollru
kfidituthu pail, ni kudikru pati unukku nan yeppothuro
-
putti ye kelk'elathe.
Dl(Note
2).
488.
If you cannot remain on my estate without boozing you
had better go to the coast and stay there Tennam kudikame yen
Page 31
totatile nik'elathe vuttul ni Qrnkkn poi nintal tcvelea.
(Footnote)
L3.
if you do this sort of thing as all

\our coolies will bolt, then who is going to pay your debts- Ni intha maderi seithal Qnnuin poleik'elathe, unude al ellam odi povuthu, appo un kadan yar kattruthu?
You can earn aothing
189.
If master had that toddy

tavern taken away coolies
490.
would not drink so much Dore antha kallu tavarn edukka pattal
Postscript 9.
kuli-al avalo kudikkamatathe.
Many
and kanganies have said that they do not

alum kanyanimdruin tavarn vendiuth'
soirirukrarkal*. B; Tl; Appendix P. and B.
Master, I have been Head Kangani on this estate for
492.
491.
want the tavern

ille
coolies
Micham
20 years and it is on account of these new taverns close to the

estate that so mauy of my coolies have bolted or are now always
having rows Dore, nan iruwathu vaisu achi intha totatile peria
kangani, totum kitta intha puthu tavarninale nam 'a] avalo al odi
ponuthn, yenokku terram illafe sande podrnthu. Postscript 10.
You must teach him (master) Tamil Arnruhku Tamil
493.
padittu
494.
kudnkk'onnm. A2.
How do you say
this
in
Tamil?
Tamil
peichile
ithe
yuppadi sollruthu?
495.
he take?
po'onnm
He
wants
Avar M
estate, which road should

totatukku poa vendiuthu, yentha rotodu
to go to
'.'
Master should go as far as the Post Office and take

th Mail Coach there Dore, taval kanthorukku poittu ange'iruntu
Appendix C.
kutbere-kochi cd'anga.
I'M.
Where do I change coaches?- Nfin enge kochi mat
496.
'elatn?
Send a cooly to the station, bll him to give this lettei

to the stationmaster and gel him to send me a hackery to the end
If must be there (have come there) by 5 o'clock
of the cart-road
a.m.
Or'al iatesannkka annpi, intha kaitham istesan-masterukku
kudukku solli, om madu-karrere karret'rotu tongalukkn anupa
Atiji minikki kMame ange vaivt'irnk'onmn
sollu.
198.
Sometimes pronoanced irukraha.
COOLY TAMIL
70
499.
chair to
the work
venum.
want four
eo-lies
estate.
Doresiine
Antha
Here
na-kalile
veileikki
to carry
a lady
in
(carrying)
They must be experienced
coolies at
totatukku tukka nal'al
palakaman'al (irukka) venum.
B.
Divide it amongst yourselves

is a present for you.
500.
Thank you, sir Intha, unukku oru santosum,
at 25 cents each.
Nallathu, salam
ovor'Slukku iruwat'anji sadam jnrittu kudu.
aiya.
M;
Dl.
COOLY TAMIL.
WORDS MUCH ALIKE YET

Alukkn
...
Alikka
...
To beat
To close, pack
To cry
To rub out
...
Adikka
...
Adukka
...
Aram
Aram
...
Areikka
Arikka
...
...
Sixth
grind
reap
To
To
Ellam
Enna
Enna
Ena
...
Ktida
...
...
Basket
Envelope,
Give!
Umbrella
Kodi
...
Kiit a
...
To sweep,
...
Swept
...
!
...
...
Can, able
...
All
Kutam
...
What
To count
To say
Kuttam
...
Malei
...
...
...
A tin measure
With, more
...
Kuti
Kutti
Elam
DISSIMILAR.
Kottu
Kude
Kudu
Kudu
Kode
file
71
Male
creeper
A
A
A
...
girl
fault
...A field, hill

... Bain
...To smell
...
(y)ene
...
A ladder
Me
Rune
...
Oil
Manakka
Manikka
Mareikka
Marrakka
...
...
To
To
To
To
...
...
Covered
...
Unripe
Kai
Kaia
...
Hand
Mud a
...
To dry
Kalavu
...
Theft
Kaluva
Kaleikka
...
Mudi
Mudi
Mudia
Mudi!
Knlikka
...
fruit
Kallakka
Kal
...
To wash
To disperse
To deduct
To mix
Leg
Kal
Kallu
Katta
Katte
...
...
Toddy
...
To
...
build,
...
...
Past Part
Katti]
...
A bed
Katfcu
...
Katti
Karri
of
'katta'
Kedukka
Kadikka
Kidakka
...
...
be
cover
cover
finish
F r,ish
A corner
:
..
...
'
A brain
Deformed
...
Whole
Muttan
Mutt a
Nadi
bundle
To spoil
To bite
To remain,
...
T>
forget
...
Mutti
knife
...
forgive
hide
...
Mure
stump
...
Mfili
Mulla
Mullu
tie
...
Mulei
Mulu
stone
A
A
...
Mule
sting
crowd
(y)eni
K5(i)
cage
...
Slowly
..
fork, thorn
bag, egg
..
A
A
...
Man's name
C.'arse,
..
..
hard
Chin
A tup
Nade
Nada
...
To
N'adu
...
...
hamm
fist,
plant
village
To walk
Ketal
...
Kettle
Nadikka
...
Ketta
...
Bad, rotten
Nagi
...
Ketti
Kitta
...
Neham
...
...
Clever, firm
Close, at
Jevvellery
nail, (finger)
...
Kolla
Kollan
Kolle
Kotta
...
To
...
...
Blacksmith
Heart
Nele
..
Nellu
...
Paddy
Nellal
Nillu
...
Shade
Nilfi
...
Kotti
...
To empty
Emptied
Kotte
...
Seed, nut
...
day
Fonr
A lintel
kill
Every
lettar
Nal
Nalu
...
...
(rioe)
Stop
Moonlight
must be pronounced.
COOLY TAMIL.
72
Nilam
Nilam
Neire
...
Blue
Pattalam
...
Long
...
Straight
Pattathe
Patte
The army
Not-
Nerre
Nerru
...
A
A
Neram
...
Time
Patti
Pati
Pattini
Nerram
...
Colour
Pattu
Netti
...
Forehead
Patu
Nettu
...
L/OUg
Perkol
Perkul
Pada
Pade
Padu
Pada
Padi
Padikki
Padikka
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
row, line
bier
To ting
bier
target
To cause,
As, a step
So that
To learn
down
...
To
To
Piiku
...
Arecanut
Pakka
...
Side
Padukka
Pakka
Pakkam
PS1
Pftlam
...
look
...
...
Pallam
...
Pane
...
Pani
...
Panna
...
Pannam
Puttey
About
To be born
For a name
To split
To earn
Pohkka
Poleikka
Piitu
Pfithu
lock
Puttu mannu.
New
An ant heap
Putti
Ser>6e
Samathikka
Sainpathikka
Sapatu
bridge
Fruit
A hollow
boot
Flat
Sapida
To
...
Sattiam
...
Lower, low
Satte
To lower
Look see
Sathe
Satti
...
A
A
Param
...
Heavy
Sathi
Seitu
Settu
Paraiam
...
Age, youth
Setti
Pasam
...
Seinttn
rock
flower bed
Pasu
...
Pasi
P&sal
...
Moss
A cow
Hunger
...
Pusa
Puse
...
To smear
Suta
Sutta
Sudu
Sudu kadu
parcel
Sattam
To agree
To earn
Sapati
To make, do
Funds, money
...
proctor
Multiplication
To turn over
To multiply
Sadam
Saddam
...
Silk
A pan
Dew
...
Starving
Ten
(adj.)
...A side
... Milk
Palam
Pannia
Pannikka
Par!
Pare
Paru
lie
of tree
Perkka
Perukka
Perukka
Perukku
A
A
enough
Bark
cent
rule,
noise
An
oath
coat
Human
A pot
Caste, kind
Together, with
Died
Chetti
Having done
Hot
Cemetery
To shoot
To go round
...
Sntti
Around
...
Mildew
Suttu
Pusal
...
P&tham
...
...
Tal
Taluk
Pathe
Bushel
Foot
A path
Pathi
Pathia
Patta
...
Pattam
...
...
...
Part, some
To issue, enter
Dead, dried
Tenth
Every
letter
flonli
Pusanam
prayer
law
..
feed
Tali
Talli
drop
sheet of paper
district(India)
Neck ornament
Past Part
of
'talla'
Talla
To move, push
must be pronounced.
COOLY TAMIL.
Tappa
...
Tappal
...
Tappu
...
Move
Head
To miss
The post
Tom-tom
Tappi
...
Past Part
Tallu
Tale
. . .
...
(letter)
of
'tappa'
Teppu
Tepu
Tuankka
Tunkka
Tukka
Tukkam
Tukain
Tuki
tftta
Vekkam
...
Vairam
...
Vairu
Vaisu
Vaitu
Vai
Vai
...
...
...
Stomach
...
Vali
...
Vale
...
...
...
...
To
To
sleep
lift,
carry
...
Grief
Sleep
...
Past Part
...
...
Error
...
Marmre
...
An
...
...
Pain
Not come
Valaku
...
Valakam
...
Custom
Valli
Va'ille
...
Valara
:
of
edge
To pour
Valathu
Velagu
Velankka
Vilaku
!
Vilatu
Vallikka
otit
Tall
Eight
...
Off!
...
To understand
...
A lamp
...
...
...
Having poured
...
...
...
Vaii]
...
Vaikka
...
Mouth
Paddy field
To put, leave
Vaikal
Vikkal
...
Straw
Hiccough
Vikka
...
To
Vikaiu
...
Vinkka
...
To
...
sell
swelling
swell
Brers
letter
(side)
Exercise
To pain
...
...
...
court case
...
Otu
spring (water) Valukka

Valeikka
out
Dirt
Veiil
Pnt, leave
Veile
pail
...
Otti
Ote
Vai
Vai
year
A saw
A tail
A bucket,
A net
...
...
pond, dam
tape
To begin
Shame
Diamond, hard
Stomach
...
'tukka'
Takkam
Tram
Oram
78
To
To
slip
encircle,
clear out
...
The sun
...
Work
Veli
Velle
...
Fence
...
White
Velli
Vellia
...
Silver
...
Outside
Vellena
...
Early
Vile
...
Price
Vilu
...
Villa
...
A rainbow
must be'pronounced.
copy
COOLY TAMIL.
74
COOLIES'
NAMES.
'See iKey to Pronunciation, Page 3.)
Anandai
Kolundaveil
if)
Annamma
Kovindan
(/)
Kovindamma
Amasi
Amakannan
(/)
Aroikiam (/,m)
Krdlamma if)
Kumaran
Kumarai (/)
Kumrandi
Kuppan
Arumugan
Alagan
Alagamnaa
Xrulappan
Aiasami
Aiamma
(/)
Kuppacbi
(/)
Aiakamian
Amuratham
(f,m)
Andi
Andichi
Kengan
Kengamina
if)
Kariappan
Anamali
Arunasalam
Alamel (/)
Adikan
Appavu
Angamuttu
Aiappan
Lechemenan
Lechemi (/)
Mangalam
Madati
Madan
Malean
Antoniamma
(/)
Maleatta
(/)
Mangan
Arasan
Mangai
Arian
Arianachi
Arakani
Manikani
if)
Maran
(f)
'
Marimuttu
(f)
Innasi
Mariamma
(/)
Kadarai (/)
Katai if)'
Kali
(f)
(/)
Madasami
Antoni
Irulai
(/)
Kuppasami
Kuppamuttu
Knppai if)
Kuppamma
(/)
Andiappan
Arsai
(/)
Koval
Kullan
if)
Kaliamma
(/)
Kalimuttu
Kanniamma
Kamachi
if)
(/)
Kandfin
Minniamma
Mukan
Mukai if)
Munnian
if)
Munniamma
Kandasami
Uatan
Taruppan
Mnniandi
Murrugan
Murragai if)
Muttu
Mutfunachi
Muttan
Karuppai if)
Karuppaia
Kadiraveil
Kitnan
Kistnan
Muttamma
Kitinamma
Keluntai
(/)
Mariai (/)
Masilfunani
Mikel
Minachi if)
(/)
(/)
Muttea
Muttukaruppau
COOLY TAMIL.
75
Mutfcusami
Parvathj
Muttuviran
Parasuraman
Parasan
Marathamuttu
Marathaviran
Pattai
Marappan
Mariappan
Marathan
Pechi (/)
Pecbai (/)
Periakka (/)
Marathai
Periamma
(/)
(/)
(/)
Manuel
Magalingam
Periannan
Periakaruppan
Mallan
Periasaini
Periatai (/)
Malli
(/)
Muttukali
Periatambi
(/)
Perumal
Ferumai (/)
Perumakka
Nagan
Xagamma
(/)
Nagappan
Nagalingam
Nagamnttu
Pettai
(/)
Pichamuttu
Pichakaran
Naraianan
Naraianasaiui
Pichi
Nachi (f,m)
Nachamma
(/)
Ponan
Nachamnttu
Ponnamma
Nallan
Potiappan
Ponacbi (/)
Nalli
(/)
Nallamma
(/)
Nallappan
Nallamnttu
Ponusami
Ponalagu
Pfichi (f,m)
Pfivai
(f)
(/)
Rasalingam
(/)
RSsamma
Palan
Rasu
Palani (f,m)
Palaniai (f,m)
Rasatti
Palaniamma
(/)
(f)
Rengan
Palanimuttu
Palanisami
Rengasami
Palanipnlle
if)
Papi (f)
Para tea
Pavai
(/)
(/)
Badean
(.0
Papamma
Rengamma
Ravei]
Ragel
Pambean
(/)
Rakai (/)
Raiappan
Palaniandi
PfipSti
(f)
Raman
Ramai (/)
Ramasami
Ramalingam
Ramanathan
Pakianathan
Pacha muttu
Parhiamma
(/)
Pungavanan
Nallathanga
Nallatambi
Nilandan (/)
Papai
(7)
Puchan
Nadesan
Nathan
Nianamuttu
Pakiam
(/)
Pettan
CO
Sn.lechi
(/)
Bandanam
S mi
i.i
ppan
Baminathan
Samai (/)
(f.m)
COOLYQTAMIL.
76
Sangili
Suppaia
Supraian
Sangapulle
Sanasi
Sapani
Supramanian
Suranam
Saithamma (/)
Savariamma (/)
Savariappan
Savarimuttu
Sevan
Sevanai (/)
Sevatian
Sevatiamma
Sevadappan
Sevakan
Segapai
Taia
(/)
Taiamma
in
Tirumakka
Sellan
Totamma
Tolasi
(/)
(/)
Selembai (/)
Sellamuttu
Sengi (/)
Sengamma
(/)
Sennen
Sidambram
Sikkan
Sikkamma
(/)
Tanialingan
Tandaraian
Tevani (/)
Tirumale
Topalan
Totan
Sikkai
(/)
Tailamma
(/)
Sellamma
(/)
(/)
Vadamale
Valli
(/)
Valliamma
Vaitilingam
Vaiavari
Vaiapuri
Vadiveil
Veilan
(/)
Veilamma
Veilakanni
Veilaithan
Sinnakutti
Vellacbi
(/)
(/)
(/)
(/)
Simian
Vellasami
Sinnai (/)
Sinnaia
Yellearnina
(/)
Vellean
Sinnappan
Sinnamma
Veneattan
(/)
Sinnasami
(/)
Vengadaraman
Vengadasami
Vengadaaalam
Vengattan
Sirangan
Vengattamma
Sinnamuttu
Sivanadian
Solan
Virai
Solacbi
Sokalingam
Viramale
Viramuttu
Virappan
Viraputram
Virasami
Sundram
Suppan
Yelli
Solamuttu
Sol am ale
(J)
Yellamma
(/)
Snppamma
(/)
Viramma
(.0
Sonacbi
(/)
Vaiti
Veilai
(/)
(/)
(/)
Sinivasagam
Sinnakannan
Sinnakanni (/)
Sinnatai
(/)
Tangamuttu
Sevanan
Selvam (/)
Selembram
Sellai
(/)
Tanam (/)
Tangam (f)
Tangamma
(/)
Yesu
(/)
(/)
(/)
(f)
COOLY TAMIL.
77
CONTRACTIONS AND COLLOQUIALISMS.

The following
heard
A-nuru
...
,,
...
(etc.) var'ille
...
Avan
...
Edukruthu koluntu
Edukru'kohiutu
Edut'antuthu
Ednt'anten
Iruku
,,
...
,.
...
vantuth'ille
...
Iru-niiru etc.
,,
...
Rendu nuru 200
Iruntu
.,
...
-iliruntu (suffix)
,,
...
Kanathe,
,,
...
Konduva Bring
,,
...
,,
...
,,
...
Kondara
etc.
Kudichuthu
Mudinchu poa
eduk'ille
,,
kan'ille
,.
...
...
Teinchu poa
...
Onum
,,
Pattuttu
,,
...
is
...
,,
Kond'anten
has not come
Leaf which
,,
Kana
Konda
He
heing taken (Present Part.)

Eduthu vantuthu He fetched
E'iuttu vanten I fetched
Irukruthu (not frequent) It is
Irukrutha? (not frequent) Is it?
lruka
N5n
Nan
frequently
Aru-nfiru 600
Anji nuru 500
tor
etc.
An-nilru etc.
Avan
are a few colloquialisms very
From
Kanan Don't
see, lost
(Imperative)
vara To" bring
Kondu
Kondu vanten 1 brought
Kudittuthu Drank, Drunk
Mudinttu poa To get finished
Nan edutev'ille I did not take
Nankantev'ille I did not see
Teinttu poa To get worn out
Venum Must, want
Pattu vuttuHaving looked, left,
("vuttu") is often used with many
verbs for euphony instead of their
simple Past Participle form)
Pannendu
like
...
,,
Panuirendu Twelve
Past Participles ending in double "t" are often sounded

T
"ch" (see above and List of V erbs).
Past Tense The "t" often sounded as ch" (see above).

Present Participle The tense ending
is
usually dropped
(see above).
Solittu
Vunt inini
Vanturchi
Si Hi
,,
...
,,
...
Var'al
,.
...
Vant'&i
,,
..>
Vanda
,,
Venum
,,
Everj
...
.
Letter
vuttu
(ser
'
pattuttu" above)
Vant'irukum Will have come

Has come (see F 3.)
Vant'achi
V&ruth'Al People who are coming
VantntL'al People who came
Vendam Do not want
Vendum Want,
must
must.
be pronounced.
78
VERBS.
For the Verbs not appearing
should
NOTE. If
in
this
list
and Past Partible
Imperative, Infinitive
the
learnt all
the Vocabularies
be consulted.
be
other tenses can easily be acquired by
the
applying (he following simple ru'es.
PRESENT TENSE. Thn

perative bv adding -kren
formed
is
for
the
first
from the
pers. n
Im-
singular
and -kruttlU for a'l the others; EXCEPT when the Infinitive has no 'k' in its Tense ending, then it will be -ren
and ruthll (i. e. also without 'k').
-
FUTURE TENSE.This
tive by adding -pen
-puthu
has no
'k' in
-VUthll.
(G.
fumed from
first
EXCEPT
the others;
for all
is
the
for
the
Impera-
person singular and

when the Infinitive
Tense ending, then it will be -ven and

Note 1.) Imperatives ending in 'ku' drop 'ku*
its
before -pen, -puthu.
PAST TENSE. This

ciple* minus
its
final
person singular
and
plural,
EXCEPT when
the
Past
it
will be
formed from the Past Partiby adding -en for the first
and -uthu for all the rest'"
Participle ends in 'I', then
is
Vowel,
-nen and -nuthu.
INFINITIVE This always ends in -kka or -a,

double 'k' being usjd so as to dibtinguifh in writing the
Infinitive from other words.
Compound Tenses as A.
4. 5. 6. 9.
by these same rules app'ied to Irukka
NOTE. Verbs marked

dative,
i.
o.,
page 84 are formed
after a past participle
take the indirect object in the

Biing him a knife
He gave me money Avan yen-
Examples
ending in -ukku.
Av&xmkku katti kondu va.

ukku kasi kudututliu. Send Raman a letter H&m&uukkn kaThe double
ttu' of the Past Participle ending,
itham anuppu
and the Past Tense 't' which is formed from it, is usually jwo.
'
COOLY TAMIL.
79
Those which keep their legitimate

like 'chu' or 'chi'.
sound are marked with an asterisk (*) in the following
nounced
't'
list of
verbs.
For Note on Imperative
IMPERA-
ENGLISH.
Add
Seitu
Aid
Agree
Allow
Angry, to
Ascend
Uthavi sei
Samathi
Valli
podu
Vudu
be...
Eru
Ask
Kel
(keil)
Awaken
Bathe
Kali
Be
Iru
1,
PAST
PARTICIPLE.
To ao.
Do.
Yesu
INFINITIVE.
TIVE.
Abuse
Ache
see
Yesa
Valhkka
Seitu poda
Uthavi seia
Saraathikka
Having done.
...i
Yesi
...
Vallittu
Seitu pottu*
Uthavi seittuf
...
...
Vuda
Kovikka
Era
Samathittu
Vuttu*
Kovittu
Eri
Kelkka(keUkka) Keittu*
Mulikka
Mulittu
Kulikka
Irukka
Kiilittu
Kidantu
Iruntu
Beat
Become, cause
Adi
..
Kidakka
Adikka
..
Aha
Adittu
Ahi (achi)
Bind
Kattu
Kadi
Yesu
..
Katta
Ka-iikka
Yesa
Katti*
K adittu
Yesi
..
titha
Uthi
Kothit'u
Avittu*
Odi poittu, poi
Be, remain
...
Bite
Blame
Blow
..
Uthu
Boil
Boil (steam)...
Bolt
Born, to be ...
Kothi
Avi
Odi po
Braak
Bring
Odi
Kondu
Build
Kattu
Bury
Burn
Pothu
Call
Kupidu
Matu
Change
..
Kothikka
Avikka
..
<
..
va
'di
poa
..
Perukka
Odikka
..
Kondu
..
Katta
Pothikka
Katti*
Pothittu
..
Veha
Ventu
..
Odittu
...
(veka) .
..
Kupidu
Mata
..
vara
Peruntu
Kondu vantu+
Kupittu*
Mati
..
Yeikka
Valle
..
Valleikka
..
Ona
Orintu
Collect
Allu
..
Alia
Alii
Come
Va
..
Vara
Vantu
Conceal
Consider
Corrupt
Maroi
Mareikka
Vnsikka
Mureittu
Cedakka
Kedattu*
Enni
Cheat
Clear out
.*.
Coagulate
Count
Cover
Crumble
Cut
Yo.su
Kedu
Ennu
Mudu
Vettu
..
Yeittu
...
Valleittu
SToaittu
..
Enna
..
Muda
Madi
Kasankka
Fasanttu
Vetta
Vetti*
COOLY TAMIL.
so
Past
Imperative.
English.
To
Do.
Deduct
Die
Disappear
Kali
,
Disperse
Divide
Do
Drink
Drive away
Kalei
Pirru
Sei
Kadi
...
Drop
Verritu
Sintu
Kaia
Tudei
Dry
Dust
Earn
Earn
Eat
Saha
...
Kana poa
...
Kaleikka
...
...
...
,..
Polei
,..
Poleikka
...
Vulu
...
Feel
Find
Kandu pu
Fine
Thendu
Finish
Mudi
Mad a
Mara
Manni
Visarikka
Aneikka
...
Villus
.li ...
...
..
...
...
>..
..
Verritti*
Sinti
Kainttu
Tudeittu
Poleittu
Sampatbittu
Tinnittu*
Kotti*
Visarittu
Aneittu
Vuluntu
Paiam pattu*
Terinttu
Kandu pudikka Kandu

Thendikka
..,
Mudia
Madakka
Marakka
Mannikka
Vangu
Othunku
Endiri
..
Nanni
..
Othunkka
Endinkka
Nannia
Give
Give
Kuda
.,
Kudukka
Tara
..
Teria
Get
Get aside
Get up
Get wet
..
Kudittu
...
Paiam pad a
8einttu
,..
Pirrittu
,..
Sampathikka.
Tinkka
Kotta
,'..
Kalittu
Settu*
Kana poittu*
Kaleittu
Pirrikka
Seia
Kiidikka
Verrita
Sinta
Sampathu
Fear
Fold
Forget
Forgive
Kalikka
...
Kaia
Tudeikka
...
Fall
...
Having done.
do.
...
Tinou
Kottu
V isari
Empty
Enquire
Extinguish
Kana po
Participle.
Infinitive.
Vanga
puditbu
Thendittu
Mudinttu
Madattu
Marantu
Manninttu
Vangi
Othunki
...
Endirittu
Nanninttu
Kuduttu*t
Tantuf
Ta
..
Go
Go round
Po
eiuttu
..
Grind
Arei
..
Grow
Valaru
..
Sutta
Areikka
Valara
Irukka
Irunta
Kumikka
Kumittu
Poa
Have, possess
Iru
..
Heap
Kuinu
Hear
Hide
Hide
Hold
Hurt
Hurt
Kel (keil)
Olu
Marei
Pudi
Valli
..
..
Poittu*, poi
Sutti*
Areittu
Valarantu
Kelkka(keilkka) Keittu*
Olittu
Olikka
..
Mareikka
Pudikka
Mareittu
Pudittu
..
Vallikka
Vallittu
..
Noa
Nontu
..
COOLY TAMIL.
8X
Past
English.
IMPERATIVE.
Infinitive
To
Do.
Issue, enter
in book
Participle.
Having done
do.
Pathi
Pathia
..
Pathinttu
Jabber
Kathei
Katheikka
Jump
- Katbeittu
Tandu
Tauda
..
Tandi
Kick
tjthei
Utheikka
..
Utheittu
Kill
Kollu
Tartu
Kolla
Tatta
Teria
..
Kondu
..
Tatti*
..
Terinttu
Knock
Know
Laugh
Siri
Sirikka
..
Sirittu
Learn
Lean
Leave
Padi
Padikka
..
Padittu
Saia
..
Sainttu
Vai
Vaikka
..
Vaittu
Padukka
Tukka
..
Paduttu
Lift
Padu
Tuku
..
Tuki
Look
Par
Pakka
..
Patu
Lose
Ilaku
llakka
..
Ilantu
Lower
Panni
Pannikka
,.
Pannittu
Make
Make
Pannu
Panna
..
Panni
Akka
..
Aki
Measure
Meet
A!a
Alakka
Sandikka
..
Alantu
..
Sandittu
Mend
Miitu
Miss
Tappu
Muta
Tappa
Mix
Move
Move
Kallu
Asei
Acei
Lie
down
.,,
Kallakka
Aseia
Multiply
Peru
Aseikka
Perukka
Opeu
Tura
Turakka
(trans.)..
..
..
..
Muti
Tappi
Kallanttu
..
Asei utu
Aseittu
..
Peruntu
..
Turantu
..
Aduku
Adukka
..
Aduttu
Valli
Vallikka
..
Vallittu
Edu
Edukka
..
Plait
Porruku
Pinnu
Porrukka
Pinna
..
Plant
Nadu
Nadu
..
Pack, close
Pain
Pick
Pick out
...
found
Poor out
..
Eduttu*
Porruki
Pinni
Nattu*
Idikka
..
Utu
Uta
..
[dittu
Qti
I.I.
Ammakku
A ram akka
..
Ammattu
Press
Alutu
Aluta
..
Aluti
Pi'ovont
Prick
Nipat'i
Nipftta
..
Kutu
Kuta
..
Prove
Yembi
Yembikku
..
Yembittu
Pull
[llu
lllukka
..
Illuttu*
Pull out
Pudinku
Pudinkka
..
Pudinki
...
Nipati
Kuti
COOLY TAMIL.
82
Past
Imperative
EXCJLISII.
Punish
Push
Put
Put together
Having done.
...
Tandikka
Tandittu
Tallu
...
Talla
Talli
Podu
...
Poda
Pottu*
Ser
...
Serkka(seikka) Sernttu
...
Male peia
...
Korrei
...
Nillu
...
Peraain
Repair
Return
Rise
Seri kattu
Roll up
Urutu
Teiku
Rub
Rub
To
Do.
Tandi
Pain
Read
Reduce
Pemain
Participle.
Infinitive,
Poittu va
Endiri
do.
Vasikka
Korreikka
(seintti
Male peinttu
VaBittu
Koreittu
...
Nintu
...
Nikka
Kidakka
...
Seri katta
Seri katti*
...
Poittu vara
...
Endirikka
Uruta
Teikka
...
...
Kidattu
Poittu vantu
EndirittuUrutti*
Teittu
Alliku
...
Allikka
Allittu
Ruin
Keda
...
Kedakka
Run
Odu
...
Oda
Kedattu
Odi
Saw
Arriku
...
Atrikka
Arrittu
Say, tell
Sollu
...
Solla
Say
En
...
Ena
Scrape
Search
See
Suruntu
...
Sell
Viku
Anupu
Settle (ana/c.)
Set aside
out
...
Surunta
Sothikka
...
Kankka
...
Vikka
...
Anupa
Tiru
...
Tirkka
Othuku
...
Othukka
Sew
Teiku
...
Teiikka
Shake
Sharpen
Shave
Shoot
Asei
Titu
...
Sothi
Send
Sivu
Sutu
Karabi
Show
Show
Katu
Shut
Satu
Salaku
Sift
Sit
Sltep
Slip
Smear
Smell
Speak
Spill
Split
Sprout
Spread out
Pll8U
...
_
...
...
Sata
...
Salakka
...
Udkara
Tunkka
Valukka
._
PQsa
...
._
Mannaku
...
Manuakka
...
Pesa
Sintu
...
Viru
.
...
...
..
...
Sinta
Pilakka
Thelikka
Moleikka
Virikka
Kantu
Vittu*
Anupif
Tirntu
Aseikka
Kambikka
Kata
Entuf
Surunti
Sothittu
Tita
Siva
Suta
Pesu
Pila
Theli
Sprinkle
Udkaru
Tunku
Valuku
...
Sollif
.
... .
Aseittu
Titi
Sivi
Suti
Kambittu
Kati
Sati
Salattu
Udkantu
Tunki
..
Oth uki
Teiittu
Valuttu
Pusi
Mannattu
Posi
Sinti
Pilantu
Thelittu
Moleittu
Virittu
COOLY TAMIL.
83
Past
Imperative.
E.NGLI8H.
To
Do.
Participle,
Infinitive.
Having done.
dj.
Squeeze
Pali
Pulia
Piilittu
Stamp
Mitbu
Stare
Mii'u
Mithikka
Mulikka
Mithittu
Mulittu
Kindi
up
Kindu
Stop
Nillu
Kinda
Nikka
Stop (trans.)...
Swell
Nipatu
Nipata
Nipati
Vinku
Vinkka
Sweep
Kvitu
K uta
Vinki
Kuti
Swindle
Yeiku
Yeikka
Yeittu
Edukka
Kondu poa
Eduttu*
Kgvanakka
Kavanittu
Stir
Take
Take away
Take care
Edu
Kondu
...
Tear
po
Nintu
Kondu
poittu*
Think
Think
Ninei
Yosu
Kilikka
Tove a
Nineikka
Yosikka
Throw
Tie
Visu
Kattu
Visa
Katta
Touch
Tread
Todu
Mithu
Toda
Totii
Mithikka
Mithittu
Trust
Nambu
Namba
Nambi
Turn off
Turn out
Turn round
Tirrupu
Verritu
Tirrupa
Verrita
Tirnppi
Tirumbu
Tirumba
Tirumbi
Velunkka
Veluuki
Avinttu
Pavittu
Kilu
Temper
Tove
(steel)
...
Kilittu
Toventu
Nineittu
Yosittu
Visi
Katti
Veritti*]
Understand
...
Untie
...
Avilu
Use
...
Pavu
...
Nadu
...
Niru
Nirukka
...
Niruttu*
...
Tudeikka
...
Tudei
...
Tudeittu
Elutu (eluthu) Eluta (elutha) Elutti (eluth
Walk
Weigh
Wine
Write
...
(aviru)..
...
NOTE. Compound
verbs,
Avilkka
Pavikka
Nadakka
...
such as 'kandu
Nadantu
pudikka'
)*T
are
conjugated like the verb 'pudikka', with 'kandu' preceding
it
unchanged throughout.
N.B.
If
the
Past Participle
forgotten
Imperative of a verb be forgotten use the
nrith
make use of
'podu' (put) after
it.
If the
Future be
poruthu
the Past Participle followed by
or vftruthu, {going, coming).
COOLY TAMIL.
84
THE FOLLOWING
A BEIEF
IS
CONJUGATION OF THE VERB.

{For reference only.)
Verbs with a 'U. 9 in the Infioitive.

B. Verbs without a 'k' in the Infinitive.
A.
C- Verbs with the sound of 'ch', 'chu',

D. Auxiliary Verb, 'to be% 'to have'.
NOTE. Nearly
f
ch'
sound of
'k
the
usually
Verbs, page
all verbs with a 'k'
in the
't'
in the
in Past Tense.
Infinitive have the
Past Participle, while those without
keep the legitimate
(See List of
sound.
't'
79).
In the following all plural and honorific forms are omitted

(Appendix B.) also the Tamil pronouns (see A 2.) as these
are the same for all tenses and verbs.
;
A.
Past Participle.
Infinitive.
To
give
...
Kudukka.
Having given
Present Participle*
Giving ... Kudukru(thu) {adj.)
Imperative.
Give
1.
...
Kudu.
Present Tense (C
Kudukren, kudukruthu
1.)
etc., give,
2.
Past Tense (D
Kuduttu
...
am
Kudupen,kuduputhu
Kuduten, kudututhu
2.)
I,
giving.
I,
etc.,
gave.
3.
Future Tense
(G.)
I, etc.,
will give.
4.
Kudutt'irukren, kudutt'iruk-
Past Indefinite (F.)
ruthu I,
am
5.
Pluperfect (F
etc.,
Kudutt'irunten,
2.)
tuthu I,
was given.
D1
(Note
1.)
have given,
given.
etc.,
kudutt'irun-
had
given,
COOLY TAMIL.
Future Perfect
6.
85
Kudutt'irupen, kudutt'irupu-
(J.)
thu
shall
etc.,
I,
have
given, will be given.
Impersonal Future (J 2.)

Kudukum It will give.
Impersonal Future Per- / Kudutt'irukum-It will be
given, will have given.
fect (J 1.)
Impersonal Fast Tens / Kudutt'achi It has
been
given.
(F 3.)
L
Perfect Participle (L.) ..
Kuduttu-kuttu Having been
\.
10.
Kudukattum May
given.
Subjunctive (K.)
11.
all
NOTE. There
give (for
persons).
being only one Auxiliary verb in
Tamil the
form Compound Tenses (4, 5, 6, 8) has
an effect in some verbs of making a Passive, but as this is not
admissable (see Postcript 9), such verbs take the pronoun in
dative to keep them active (A 3.)
use of this 'Irukka'
A.
to
Negative Form
Imperative.
Infinitive.
Not to give...Kudukka vendam*
Do
not give
...
Kudukathe.
Present Participle.^
Not giving
1.
Present Tense (C
'1.
Past Tense
1.)
...
Kudukathe.
Kudukruth'ille (for all persons) Do not give, am not
giving.
(Di)
Kudututh'ille (for all persons)

Did not give, gave not.
(a) (Colloquially
Ruduk'ille)
3.
Future Tense (G.)
Kudukka-maten,
kudukkamatathe I will not givo,
4.
Past Indefinite (F.)
Kudutt'irukrnth'ille (for all

persons) Have not given
[unusual,
use the Past
6.
Futuro Perfect
(J.)
Kudutt'i n ikka- maten matathe Will not have given.
i>.
Subjunctive (H
1.)
he will not
give.
Tense 2
(a)
Kndiikka-kudathe
may
not
give.
NOTE. The
used
other Tenses arc not
used,
D1
(Note
the above can be
instead.
See pag 77.
it
1.)
COOLY TAMIL.
86
B.
Past Participle.
Infinitive.
To speak
...
Pesa
Having Spoken
Pesu.
Speaking
Present Participle.*
...
Pesru(thu) (adj.)
Imperative.
Speak
1.
2-
...
Present Tense {C
Past Tense (D
1.)
Pesren,
speak,
..
2.)
pesrnthu I,
am
Pesnen,
..
spoke.
3.
Future Tense
Pesi.
...
(G.)
Pesuven,
..
etc.,
speaking.,
pesuvuthu
pesnuthu
I,
I,
etc,
etc.,
will speak.
4.
PaBt Indefinite (F.)
pes'irukruthu
have spoken,
is
spoken.
Pes'irunten, pes'iruntuthu
etc., had spoken,
I,
was
Pes'irukrtn,
..
etc.,
I,
5.
Pluperfect (F
6.
Future Perfect
2.)
spoken.
(J.)
Pes'irupen,
..
etc., will
pes'iruputhu
I,
have spoken, will
be spoken.
7.
8.
feet (J 1.)
9.
Pesum It

Impersonal Future Per- /
I
have
Impersonal Past Tense

(F 3.)
Perfect Participle (L.)
...
10.
11.
Subjunctive (K.)
...
B.
Pesi'achi It has been spoken.

Pesi'kuttu Ha v i ng been
spoken.
...
Pesattum May
speak.
Negative Form.
[dam.
Infinitive.
Not
will speak.
Pes'irukum It will
spoken, be spoken.
to speak (H.) ...Pesa ven-
Imperative.
not speak ... Pesathe.
Do
Not speaking
...
Pesathe
{adj.)
1.
Present Tense (CI.)
Pesruth'ille (for all persons)

I, etc., do not speak, am
2.
Past Tense (D
Pesruth'ille (for all persons)

Did not speak, spoke not,
(a) (Colloquially ; Pes'ille.)
not speaking.
2.)
D1
(Note
1.)
COOLY TAMIL.
3.
Future Tense
4.
Tast Indefinite
5.
Future Perfect (J
87
Pesa-m&ten, pesa-matathe
will not speak, he, etc., will
not speak.
(G.)
Pes'irukruth'ille (for all persons)

have
not spoken
use the
[unusual,
Past
Tense 2 (a)].
Pes'irukka-maten pes'irukka-
(F.)
matathe I
he
spoken,
spoken,
speak
not have
not have
May
Pesa-kudath e
Subjunctive (H.)
6.
will
will
not
(for all persons).
c.
NOTE. In
'ch', 'chu', 'chi',
book the
this
where %' and
the following
'tt'
sounded
is
like
these letters have been used, but in other iârts of
have been retained. As this altered pronunciaPast Tenses, only these are shown.
't's
tion only applies to
Past Participle.
Infinitive.
To
hit
Having
Adikka.
...
Past Tense (D 2
Adichu
...
Present Participle*
...
Adikru(thu).
Imperative,
Adi.
...
Hit
hit
Hitting
...
Adichen, adichuthu I,
etc.,
hit.
Past Indefinite (F
...
Adich'irukren,
Pluperfect (F
2.)
...
adich'irukru-
etc., have hit, hit.

Adich'irunten, adich'iruntuthu etc., had hit, was
thn
is
I.,
I,
hit.
Future Perfect
(J.)
...
Adich'irupen.
be
Impersonal Future Perfect
(J 1)
).
Adich'achi
was
Perfect Participle
have
Adieh'irukum It
hit, will
Impersonal Past Tense (F
adich'iruputhu
etc., will
hit.
I,
be
have
will
hit.
It
has been
hit,
hit.
Ad ichi-kuttu having
(L.)
will
hit,
been
hit
NOTE
>"'</"/
('.v
'The negative
is
formed as
in other verb*
retained as above.
(Note
1.)
and
tin:
'oh'
COOLY TAMIL.
88
O.
Verb. To
Auxiliary
be,
Past Participle,
... lruntu.
Infinitive.
(A. Note). ..Irukka
Having been, had
To be, have
Present Participle. *
Being, having ... Irukru(thu),
Imperative.
Be
Iru.
...
1.
Present Tense (C
2.
Past Tense (D
3.
Future Tense
Irukren, Irukruthu
am, have.
1 )
Irunten, Iruntuthu
was, had.
2.)
I,
I,
etc.,
etc.,
lrupen, fruputhu I, etc., will

be, will have.
(G.)
NOTE. Other
To have.
Tenses are not often used, the above
may
be
used in their stead.

4.
5.

Impersonal Future Perfeet (J 1.)
6.
1.)
Irukattum May
be,
(for all persons).
...
have
may;have
Negative Form.
[dam.
Infinitive.
Not
will be, will have.
Irunt' irukum It will

been, will have had.
Subjunctive (K
D.
Irukum It
...
to be, have
..
Irukka ven-
Do
not be
Imperative.
..
Irukathe.
Not
being, having
1.
Present Tense (C
2.
Past Tense (D
3.
Future Tense (G)
...
Irukathe.
Irukruth'ille (for all persons)

not, have not
1.)
Am
Iruntuth'ille (for all persons)

Not been, not had. {Col-
2.)
loquially
the
4-
Future Perfect
5.
Subjunctive (B
Iruk'ille).
Irukka-maten,
Irukka-matahe will
will not be,
not be, have,

Irunt'irukka-maten, -matathe
1, etc., will not have been.
Irukka-kudathe May not be,
have.
(J.)
1.)
Dl
(Note!.)
VOCABULARY.
ENGLISB-TAMIL.
In order to make most use of references, after looking up
a word in this Vocabulary, the Tamil for it should be turned up
in
the
Tamil-English
use in the Sentences,
pp
Vocabulary,
may
47-71,
The references here are to Paragraphs

Ps.
is
A, an A3(Note
2)
..
...
H.
..
About
Ps. 4
Above
Absent
* Abuse, to
Account
Ache, to
Bl
Acquainted with, to be
Acre
Across
Add, to
Address
Admit, to, confess
Advance
Advance, to (money,
Advantage
-pole
..
Mele
in the
...
..
Illathe
Yesa
. .
Grammar
Section.
Kanak
Vallikka
..
Valli,
..
..
..
..
.
..
..
Ottukolla
Putti
Afternoon
Afterwards
Again
Agency, Cooly
Age
..
Kariam
Pa jam irokka
..
Pidpadu, pur ago
..
Ora nal
. .
Andiki
. .
Apuram
...
Tirumbi, maruvadi
..
Tipaii
..
..
...
kallichi
..
..
Aj,nie
novu
Advans
Advans kudukka
Savikiam, preosanam
Vachi
(concerning)
Seittu poda, kutta

Meil vilasam
. .
Afraid, to be
After
P.
After, a day
pari
Palakam irukka
Ekru
Kurruka
Adze
Affair
neram
..
..
etc.)
(suffix)
. .
..
its
Elam, kudam, etam
Advice
Aid, to
Air
to
Oru, or
Vaitu, vairu
Ache
Agree, to
rejerence
the Postscript ajter the Vocabularies.
Abdomen
Able, can
xvhere
be found.
(Depot)
Vaisu, piraiam
Samathikka, ottukolla
Kulir kachal
..
Uthavi seia
..
Kafti
All Vtrbs are shown in the Infinitive so they should be turned up on
pages 79-88.
COOLY TAMIL.
90
Alas
Albizzia tree
Alight, to
Alive, to be
Ps. 4
Almost
B2.
All
Allow, to
Alone
Ps.
Although
Altogether
Always
L2.
Amicably
Amount
Amulet
And
B(Note);D.
Anger
Angry,
Animal
Ankle
Annoy,
to be
to
J3
Another
...
Era, eranga
...
Usari irukka
...
-pole (suffix)
mika
Ella in, ora
Vuda, pada
...
Tania, tanichi
...
Nedua
...
...
Pellama
Kuda, seitu, -um
-alum (verbal suffix)
...
Mata
...
Seittu,
...
Yeppothum
...
Ishtama
...
...
...
Kanak
Kapu
-um -um
...
Kovum
...
Kovikka
...
Mirugam
...
Karadu
...
Karrachal panna
...
...
Inoru, maru
Vathil, marumuli
...
Ps. 3
Alter, to
Vaga maram
...
Also
Aiyo, appa
...
...
Along
Aloud
...
orumika
(suffix)
kal
Answer
Ant
Ant (white)
...
Erumbu
...
Kareian
Antlers
...
Man kombu
...
(not
Any
J3.
translated), can
a little
jam'
Anyone
L2.
Apart
April
Appfi, butler
Arecanut
Arm
Army
Around
Arrack
As
Ps.
4.
Ascend, to
Ashamed,
to be
Ashes
Aside
Ask, to
Ass
Assist.
Superintendent
...
Yarum
...
Vere, vevere
...
...
...
...
...
Kai
Pattalam
...
Sutti
...
Saraiam
...
Padi, -pole
...
Era, erangu poa
...
Vekkam
...
Sambal
Sitiri
(seri)
masam
Appu
Pakku
(battalion)
(suffix)
irukka
Pakkatile
Kelkka, (keilkka)
...
,.
...
...
...
Kaluthe
Rinna dore
(tur)
(suffix), kirta
At
A4
August
...
-ukku, -ikki
...
Ivani
Aunt
...
Sinn'ai
Away
...
Tura
Axe
use
Kodali
masam
'kon
ENGLISH-TAMIL VOCABULARY.
B.
Baby
Bachelor
Pulle
tlndikaran
Back
Back (adv:)
Idupu
Tirumbi
Backwards,
to pull
Bad
LI. B.
Bad motive
Bag
Balance
Balance
Bald
(of
Pinukku
illukka
Agathe, ketta
Akkus
Pai
Terasu
Paiki
a/c)
Ball
Bamboo
Banana
Bank (for money)
Bank
Motte
Pantu, boli
Munjie, vambu
Vala pallam
Vangu
Vangi
Baptism
Barbecue
Barber
Nianasanam
Kallam
Ambattan, pariah
Bargain, to
Vile pes a
Bark
(of tree)
Bark,
to (as a dog)
Patte
Koleikka
Pipa
Kiide
Barrel
Basket
Biit
B.
2.
Vaval
Kulikka
(animal)
Bath, to
Bath room
B2
Batta (daily expense)

A3. Page 88
Be, to
Be, if it; if it is Ps.12
Kulikru kamara
Vatta
Irukka, kidakka
Anal (from aha)
Bean
Ponji
Bear
Karadi
Tankka
Bear, to
Bear
child, to
Bear,
tolerate,
to
Beard
Beat, to
Beaten, to be
Because
Become,
to
Bed
Bed (flower)
Bed room
Bee
Beef
Bertie
Before
Ps.13.
Perukka
Porrukka
Tadi
Adikka
Adi nada, (suffer beating)
Anapadia, yenendal (Ps.ll)
Aha
Kattil
Par
Padukru kamara
Ten-i
Mfulu erichi
Vandu
F3.
Mindi, minne
kfixan
Boxcar
TicIih.
TV^'in,
Tuankka
Nadikka
to
Behave, to
91
OOOLY TAMIL.
02
Behind
F3.
Behold, to
...
Pindi, poragu, pin
...
Pakka
Believe, to
Belief
Bell
...
Namba
...
Visuvasam
...
Manni
Bellows
...
Turrutu
Below
...
Kile, pannia
Belt
...
Bend, to
...
Bend round,
encircle,
to
...
Bent
Betel
Better (adv
Beyond
:)
A4 (Footnote)
Var
Madakka, madaukka,
...
Valeikka
...
Eonal
...
Vett'ele
...
...
Tevelea
Angutu
Nettu kan
Channel (in tapping rubber)

Bicycle
Bier (with canopy)
...
Vandi, baisiku
...
Pade
Big
...
Peria, perisi
...
Kanak,
B.
Bill
hook
Bind, to
Bird
Birthday
Bill
...
...
...
Boti; (edible,) iskot
...
...
Biscuit (rubber)
Bit (piece)
Bit
...
Tundu
...
Lagam
Bitch
...
Bite, to
...
Bite
...
Bitter, to be
...
Pen-nai
Kadikkn
...
Kadi
Kasapu irukka
Karupu
...
Kollan
Black
Blacksmith
Blame, to
Blanket
...
Blast, to
...
Blind
...
...
Blister
...
Blood
...
Blotting paper
Blot, to
Blow, to
situ
Vettu katti
Katta
Kuruvi
Peruntu nal
...
Yesa
Kambli, jul
Kal vedi vaikka
Kurutu
Kopalan
...
Bettam
Mai otta
...
Otta
...
tal
TTtha
Nilam
Malingu
Blue
Blunt
Board
...
Palagu
Boast, to
...
Vimbu
Boat
...
pesa
Toni, Kappal (sea)
Body
...
Odambu, mei
Boil, to
Bolt, to
Bone
Book
Boot
Born, to be
...
...
pakkam
...
Avikka, kothikka, ponkka

Odi poa
...
Elumbu
...
...
...
...
Postikum
Sapatu
Perukka
Borrow, to
Both
M.
...
Bottle
...
...
Bottom
Boundary
Box
Box
Boy
...
...
(for beef)
Brain
Bramble
Branch
Bread
Bread
fruit
Break, to
BreaBt
Breath
Bribe
Brick
Bridge
Petti, potti
Erichi petti
...
Podian, paian
Kapu, valevu
...
Miiiei
...
Mullu chedi
Vathu
...
Pittale
...
...
Boti
Pla pallam
...
Odikka
...
...
...
Bridegroom
Sen-kal
...
Palam
...
...
Bring, to
...
Broad
...
Brother-in-law
Bruise
Bruise, to
Molle
Muchu
Lanjam
...
Brinjal
Brother
Brother (young)
Adi
Vandrie
...
...
Brass
vftnga, cruvu
Rend'al, rendu per

Votal, botal
...
...
Bracelet
Eadanukku
...
...
...
...
Mapale
Katiri kai
Kondu vara
Agalam
Annan
Tambi
Machinan
Nasavu
...
Nasakka
...
Piirus (Eng.)
...
Vali
Brush
Bucket
Buckle
...
Bud
...
Var putu
Arambu, tiri
...
Erume madu
Buffalo
Build, to
...
Katta
Kelangu
Kale madu
Bulb
...
Bull
...
Bundle
...
Siime, kattu
Bungalow
...
Bangala
...
Veha
BurD,
Burn,
to
to
Burial
(as curry, etc.)
place
...
Oreikka
...
Suda kadu
Bury, to
...
Bush
...
Bushel
Business
Butcher
Butter
...
Butterfly
Buy,
By
to
A4.
P..10
Pothikka
Chedi
Pusal
...
Soli,
...
Erichi karan
joli
...
Venne
...
Papati
...
Vileikki
...
-odu
vanga
(suffix)
vangs
COOLY TAMIL.
94
0.
Cabbage
...
Cable
...
Cadjan
(plaited
Eosa
Tandi
and dried
leaves of palms)
...
tJole
Cage
...
Calf
...
Kudu
Kandu
Call, to
...
Kiipida
Camp (Ragama)
Camp (Tuticorin)
...
Mare
...
Can
(be
able)
H.
Candle
...
...
Cane
...
HI.
Cannot
Card
...
...
Cardamom
...
Care
...
(noun)
Care, to
Carefully
Careful
Carpet
Carpenter
Carriage
Carrot
Cart
Cart road
Yel'arisi
...
Patiram
...
Samukalam,
...
Odavi, bas
...
...
Karrete rotu
...
...
Cash
CaBh (change)
Cash (ready)
Case (court)
Cask
...
Kondu poa,
KS si, salli
Sillari
...
Ka-kasi, rokum
...
...
...
Valaku
Pipa
Vilak'enne
Jathi, sathi
Cat
...
Pune
Catch, to
...
Catechist, teacher
Cattle
Cattle keeper
Cattle shed
Cattle dung
Ps.9
Cause, to
Ceiling
...
...
Siil
Cement
...
Siminti
Cent, per cent.

Centre
...
...
...
Pudikka, apida
Upadesi
Madu
Madu karan
Madu patti
...
Sani, inSd'uram
...
Pada
...
Sadam
...
Nurukku
...
Nadu
...
Kalipu
Certain
...
Nisamana
Certificate
Chaff (food)
...
Karaktar
SapB
Change (money)
...
Sillari
Ceremony
(religious)
tuki
...
...
Cent
pai
Kuthere karrete
Karatu
Karrete
...
oil
Elathe, kudathe
Situ
...
Carry away, to
Castor
Caste
Tatapare
Elam, kudam
Molavu patti
Perambu
Kave
Kavanakka
Kavannma, patirama
...
B2.
kutti
...
kondu poa
Change, to
Chance
Chain
Mata
Chair
Charcoal
N a 'kali
Charge
of, to
U
Sangili
(4 legs)
Kare
give
Chatter
Chatter, to
Cheat, to
Cheetah
Chest
Chick
Chicken
Chicken-pox
Child
Param kudukka
Kathe
Kathekka
Yeikka
Puli
Nenji
Koli kunchi
Koli
Amme vattu
Pulle, kolante
Chill
Chilli
Tadame
Chin
Nadi
Kochi kai
Chisel
TJli
Cholera
A 7 eithi, peithi
Christian
Vetha karan
Christmas
Church
Cinchona
Claim
Clay
Clean
Kiristu peruntu nal

Koil kovil
Clean, to
Tupara panna
Clean out, to
Clearing
Clear out drains, to
Clear out things from a
room, to
Valeikka
Clever
Ketti
Climb,
Clock
to
Close, near
Close, to
Cloth, any kind of
Cloth, (man's)
Cloth (woman's)
Cloth (folded), lap
Clothes
Cloud
Coach
Coagulate, to
Coagulated latex
Coarse leaf
Coast (Tri(lia)
Cout
Cobra
Cock
Cocoa
Eina
Crime
Kali
mannu
TQpara, narusa
Puthu kadu
Kiin valeikka
Olittu poda, olikka
Era, erangu poa

Peria orlas
Kitta
Adukka
Savali
Veiti
Sile
Madi
fjdupu, tuni
Meham
Kochi
Oria
Orinttu pal
Mutt'ele
Siinc, uru
Satte
Nalla pfimbu
Saval
Sokolati
OOOLY TAMIL.
90
Coconut
Coconut
Coconut
...
shell
(yaung)
Coffee
Cold (in head)

Cold (after being hot)
Cold (previously not hot)
Cold, to be
Cold (dried up)
.^.
Ten-kai
...
Serrete
...
Kurumba
...
Kopi
...
Tadame
...
Ari (adj.)
(also used for tea bush)
...
Pacha
...
Kiithil irukka, kulir
(adj.)
...
Ari poichi
Vaitu valli
Alia, porrukka
Colour
...
Nerram
Comb
...
Sipu
...
Vara
...
Colic
...
Collect, to
Come,
to
G.
Come down,
Commode
A .. Kile era, erangu vara
to
Complain, to
Compromise, to
Conceal
Concerning that
Consequently
...
Kakus
...
Kol
...
...
...
...
Consider, to
Continually
Contract
Contradict, to
Convulsions
Cook, to
...
...
...
...
Cooly
Cooly (kitchen)
petti
solla
Ita si
panna
Mareikka, olikka
Athe pati
AthinaTathukaha
Yosikka
Nitham, tennam
Kontrap
Etheruthu pesa
...
Illupu
...
Akka, avikka
...
...
Al, kuli al
Kiisini meite
Vilu, kopil, vivaram
Copy
Copper
Cord
...
Coriander seed
...
Corn (Indian)
Corner
...
Solan
...
Mul, modaku
...
Kedakka
...
...
Corrupt, to
Cost
Cotton
Cough
Count, to
Country
Couple
Court, of law
Cousin (m)
Cousin (/)
Cover
Cover, to
Sembu
Kavuru, kairu
Kottamali
...
Vile
...
Panchu
...
Irumal
...
Buna, enni pakka
...
Sim^, deisan
...
Jodi
...
Kortu
...
Mchinan
...
Machinachi
...
Mudi
...
Muda
Cow
...
Pasu (madu)
Crab
...
Nandu
...
Polikka
Crack, to
Crack open,
Crack, a
Cradle
(of
shoots)
to
...
Vedikka
...
Kiral
...
Totil
Cramp
...
Irpu
Crazy
...
Paiti
Credit,
to
...
Credit balance
Creeper (bramble)
Cripple
...
Crooked
...
...
...
Cross
Cross drain
Crossed
Crouch, to
Crow
Crowbar
Crowbar (large)
Crowd
Crowd, to
Crumble,
to
...
Silve
...
Marapu kan
...
Pinal
...
Kiminkka, othunkka
...
Kaka
...
Alavanga
...
Landa
...
Ktitam
...
Kutama
...
Kasankka
Nasakka, kasakka
Alukka
...
Voku
...
Kuttavali
...
Culprit
Cup
...
...
(akka)
...
...
Korreittu vetta
...
Kurrukka. pathe
...
...
Cut, a
Cue, to
Koppe
Sogam aha
Valeivu
Valeinttu poichi
Karri
Vettu
Vetta
...
Curry
vara
...
Crush, to
Cry, to
Culvert
Cure, to
Curve, circle
Curved, bent
Vara vaikka
Vara kasi
Kodi
Nundi
Konal
...
Cut short, to
Cut, short
Custom
...
Valakam, valame
D.
Daily
...
Nalukku-nalukku, nitham
Dam
...
Teppu
Damage
...
Palathu, naetam
Damp
...
Dance,
to
...
Dark
to be
Date, fixed for payment

D,i ughter
Daughter-in-law
...
Dawn
Dawn, to (the
Dav
N2.
Day,
Day
ro-
bofore yesterday
N2
N2. ..
of the week
Day
Daytime
Dead
Dead
day)
(of trees)
Irama
Ada
...
Irrutn
Trrutu poa
...
T*eidi
...
Dark,
Date
kallarn
...
Tavane
Magal
Maru-magal
\ idinttu kalam
...
\idia
...
Nil
...
...
...
...
Inniki,
vidinttu irnkka
indiki
...
Mundiim nal
Kilame n;ll
...
Pagal
...
...
Settu
...
Ittu, ^>attu
97
COOLY TAMIL.
Deaf
Debt
Debtor
December
Decrease
Deduct, to
Deep
Deer
...
...
...
.>
...
...
.,
...
..
...
Sevitu
Eadan
Kadan karan
Makali masani
Korreittu pod a
Kallikka
Alam
Man
Vitesam
Defect
Sonakam
Delay
...
Delay, to
...
.,
...
...
Yeitatile
...
5.86
Descend
Descent, steep
Desire
Detect, to
Devil
hill
Sonakka, sonanttu poa

Erangu poa kile
Kandu pudikka
Pesasi, pei
Dew
...
.,
...
.,
PSini
Vaitale poa
Diarrhoea
Die, to
Die, to
Difference
Different
J3.
Saha
Irandu poa, settu pon
Vitesam
Vere
Diffioult
Varratum
Dig, to
Dig round, to
Dilapidated
Mannu vetta
Parrittu vetta, parikka
Idinttu poichi
Tini
TTdane
Dinner
R.
Directlv
Dirt
TJte
Dirty
Disappear, to
Discharge note (without debt)..
Discharge certificate (shewing
Aluka
Kana poa
Pattu situ
Tundu
debt)
Vellia anupa
Kaleikka
Dismiss, to
Disperse, to
Distance
Distribute,
District
Turam
kudu
TSluk
Pirittu
to
Silla,
Disturbance
Sande
Divide, to
Pirikka
Do,
to
Do
not
D2(Note
1)
8eia,
-athe
Doctor (native)
Doctor
panna
(suffix)
Vaitian
Daktar
Doer
-karan, -kari
Dog
Done
Nai
D2.
Achi
Kaluthe
F3.
Donkey
Door
Dot
Dose
Double
Kadavu
Pulli, sipher
Alavu
...
..
Rettu
(fern
:)
suffix
Dove
Pura,
Eile, pannia
Down
Pannirendu
Dlukka
Dozen
Drag, to
Drain
Kan
Drain, (cross)
Marapu kan
Drawer
Lachi
Dream
Sepanam
Dried up (earth)
Irigi,
Drill holes, to
Drink, to
Drive, to
Kuili
Kudikka
Verrita
Sinta
Suttu
Drop, to
Drop
Drum
Drum
Tol
(small)
Matalam
(large)
Dry
Dry,
Kaia, kanji
Kaia poda
to
Tara
tTme
Duck
Dumb
Dung
Sani
Dust
Tiil
Dust,
kanji
adikka
Tudeikka
Vaitu kadapu
to
Dysentry
B.
Each
Ear
Ovoru, anthantha
J3.
Ear-ring
Kathu
Kadakan
(man's)
Early
Earn, to
Earth
Earth, ground
Vellena
Poleikka, sampathikka
Easy
Leisi
Eat, to
Eatables
Eclipse
Tinkka
Mannu
PQmi
Cppu-koohi-kai
Kiranam
Oram
Edge
Egg (fowl's)
Eight
M.
Eight by eight
Eighteen
M.
Eighth
M.
Eighteenth
Eighty
Koli
M.
Eightieth
Elbow
Elephant
Elk
Eleven
M.
LSfNote)
Else, or
Empty
Empty,
mute
Yettu
Yev'ettu
Pattinettu
Yettam
PattinettSra
Yempathu
Yenipntham
Mulan kni
Ane
Marre
PattinQnnu
Ulate
Virrum
to
Kotta
9d
COOLT TAMIL.
100
End
Engine
Tongal
Yentiram, mol
Enough
Pothum
Enough, not
Pattathe, patt'IUe
Visarikka
Enquire, to
Enrage, to
Entangle, to
Enter, to
Enter, in a book, to
Entirely
Entrance
Envelope
Erase, to
Error
Estate
Estimate
Kovikka
Sikka
TJluku poa
Patbia
Muluka
Vasal
Kudu
Totum
Mathipu
Evening
Even, level
Event
Saintiram
Mattatukku
Kairiam
Eventually
Every
Everybody
Everybody,
Everywhere
Evidence
podu
Allittu
Pesagu
Kadeisile
Ovoru, ellam
Ellarum
to
Ellatukku
Engam
Sachi
Polapu, Kolapu
Sothlkka
Sothene
Pohe, tavira
Evil
Examine, to
Examination
Except
Excess
Excuse
Micham
Pokku
Pokku
Excuse, to make
Exercise
Exist, to
solla
Villatu, savari
TTsari irukka
Expenses, food
Experience
B.
Explanation
Explain, to
Explosion
Extend, to (the hand)
Selavu
Palakam
Vivaram
Vivaram
solla
Vedi sattam
Nita
Exterior
Extinguish, to
Vellia
pakkam
Aneikka
Kan
Eye
F.
Face
Factory
Munji
Istoru
Fair, just
Fall, to
Visuvasam
Niaiam
VQlua
False
B.
Falsehood
Poiana, kalla
Poi
Family
Oru
Faith
tai pulle,
samusaram
ENGLISH-TAMIL VOCABULAEY.
Famine
Panjam
Fan (winnowing)
Fan (machine)
Katu adikka
Solugu;
visiri
(hand)
rothe
Far
Tiiram, yetti
Farrier
Ladakaran
Veham, vehamane
Viratham
Kolupu
Fast
Fasting
Fat
Fat (adj.)
Father
B.
Kolutu-
Appan
tagappan
Maman
Father-in-law
Fault
Kuttam, tappitham
Ishtam
Favour
Fear
Paiam
Paiam pada
Fear, to
Feather
Iragu
February
Fee
Feed, to
Masi Masam
N3.
Sampalam
Feel, to
Tini kudukka
meia (of animals)
Teria
Feel pulse, to
Nadi pakka
Fell, to
Maram
Fellow
Pail
Female (doer)
Female (adj)
Fence
Ferment (tea,)
Fern
-kari (suffix)
Pen, pette
Veil
to
Festival
Sivantu poa
Mina
(pillu)
Perunal
Kachal
Fever
Few
vetta
Konjam
J3.
Fie!
Chi-chi
Field
Fifteen
Fifth
Fifty
Male
M.
Pattinanji
Anjam
Ampathu
Fight
8ande
File
Filth
Aram
Final
Find, to
Pi
Nereikka
Kuli muda
Kadeisi
Kandu pndikka,
Fine
Thendam
Fill, to
Fill in holes, to
-apida
Fine, to
Thmdam
Finger
Virral
Finish, to
Fire
Mudia
Nerapu
Firewood
Firm, to make
Veragu, katte
Ketti panna, pellama poda
Mothal, motha
First
Ml.
poda
101
OOOLY TAMIL.
102
Fish
Fish leaf
...
Fist
...
Five
M.
Five by five
Flag
...
4)
Flat
Anji
Av'anji
...
Kode, sunda
...
Sapati
...
Eusi
...
Sellu
...
Sathe
Flavour
Flea
Flesh (human)
Flesh
...
Float, to
...
Floor
Flour
Topal ele
Mutti
...
...
M(Note
Min
...
Erichi
Mithakka
Tare
...
Mau
Flower
...
PS
Flower, to
...
Pukka
Fly
...
...
Parakka
Fly, to
Fold, to
...
Folded leaf
...
Food
...
Fool
Foot
Foot (12 inches)
Foot rule
For
A4. T.
Forest
...
Madakka
Madatt'ele
Tini
Mada
pail,
...
Patham, kal
Adi
...
Adi kambu
...
...
-ukku, -ikki
...
Pacha kadu
Forehead
...
Netti
Forget, to
...
Forgive, to
Forgiveness
Fork
A.
Fork, to
...
...
...
...
Forked (branch)
...
Former
...
M.
Forty
...
Mullu
Mullu kuta
Kavutu
Muntina
Napathu
...
Foundation
...
Napatham
Laisam
...
Nalu
M(Note
4).
...
...
Fowl
...
Friend
...
Frog
From
...
A4. N3.
...
Front, fore (adj.)
...
Front
...
(in)
Fruit (ripe)
Fruit (unripe)
Frying pan
(suffix)
Marakka
marantu poa
Mannikka
Mannipu
Fortieth
Four
M.
Four by four
Fourth
madean
Nav'alu
Nalilm
Koli
Hineithan, kutali
Tavale
Iruntu,
Vaichi
-iliruntu
Minna
...
Minukku, minna
min pakkatile
Pallam
Kai
...
Tachi
...
(suffix)
Pull, to be
..
Nerinttu irukka
Fun
..
Pagadi
Funds
..
Fannam
Funeral
..
Keitham
..
Nul, kairu
..
Varu'neram
..
Inimel
Fuse
Future
Future, in
G.
G amble
Game,
(cards) ,
to
to play
Gaol
Garden
Garden cooly
B2.
Gather, to
Gate
Gentleman
Situ ada
Vele ada
Marriel
Pu totum
Tota karan
Alia
Getu, kadavu
Ture (Dore), esaman
Mulla, patiram
Vanga
Othunkka
T.
Gently
Get, to; to fetch
Get out of the way, to
Get up, to
Getting
Getting late etc.
Ps.LS
Giddiness
Giddy to be
Endirikka, elumba
Use poruthu. (poa -to go)
Neram poruthu, or, authu
Kiru-kiru
Tale sutta
. .
Santosum
Cxlf
Ginger
Inji
Girl
Kutti
Girth strap
(rive,
to
Glad
Glass
Glass (pane)
Go away
idu
God
Gold
Goldsmith
Good
Goods
B.
Goose
Gourd
Gradually
Grain
Footnote Page 66
.
Gram
Grape
Grass
Grass (guinea)
Gravel
Graze, to (of animals)
Vithuru
Kanadi
Po!
Poa
Go, to
G.
Goat
Goat (he)
Tangu var
Kudukka, tara
Santosum a
Kidda
Rami, Swami, (kndavul)
Tangam, pon
Tattan, asari
Nalla
8a man
vnre
Sora kai
Vara-vara
Niaiani
Kadale
Kodi mintiri pallam
Pillu
Sime
Saral
Meia
pillu
103
COOLY TAMIL.
104
Great
Grease
Peria
Kolupu
Pache
Savuku maram
Green
Grevillea tree
Grief
Tukkam
Areikka
Grind, to
Grindstone
Gross weight
Sane kal
Mottama param
Pumi, mannu
Ground
Grow, to
Grub
Guava
Valara
Puchi
Kanji
Koiya
Guess, to
Guest
Guilty
Viruntadi
Kuttavali
Gun
Toku
Gunpowder
Vedi marantu
Gruel, rice water
TJdesikka
H.
Hackery
Madu
(bull cart)
Hair
(top-not)
Hammer
Hammer
Hammer
Jmar
Mutti
(for stone)
(sledge)
Silesu
Half
Ml.
Half name
Kpnd
...
Handful
Handle
Handkerchief
as
pad
'or
Sumadu
Nadakka
head)
Happen,
to
Hard
Hard work,
Hare
Are
Are per
Kai
Oru pudi
Kai-pudi
Lenji
(used
do.
karrete
Mairu
Konde, kurumi
Hair
(to
walk)
Vairam, varratam,
Ha in
Musal
Mosan, mogadi
Hat
Topi
Hatchet
Have, to
He
A3; S2; Page 88
...
A2.
Head
Health
Heap
Heat
Heart
Kai-kodali
Irukka (with dative)
Avan, ivan, avar, ivar
Tale
Tale novu
Sogfim
Headache
Heap, to
Hear, to
Hearsay
pell
Kastam
difficulty
Kumal
Kumikka
..
..
Kelkka, (keilkka)
Kelvi
Sudu, kange, urepu
Kolle
am
ENGLISH-TAMIL VOCABULAEY.
Heaven
Heavy
Hedge
...
ITadavul
...
Param
...
Veli,
Heel
...
Hen
Hen
(broody)
Henceforth
Her A2.
ravun
Kuthin kal
...
Pette koli
...
Ade
...
Inimel
...
Here
A3 (Example)
Hiccough
...
koli
Avale, ivale, avalude

Inje, ingatu
~...
Vikkal
Hide, to
...
Olikka, mareikka
High
...
Osaram,
Hill
...
Modu, male
...
Avane, ivane, avare
Him
A3.
Hinge
Hindu,
...
osinta,
Hit, to
...
Hold, to
Hole
Hole (in an article)
Hole, to
Holiday
Holiday in January (when
...
Pudikka
...
Kiili
His
...
rice is specially cooked)
...
...
...
Honoured
Hoof
(to
(adj.)
...
blow)
Hospit;il
Hot
of pepper etc.)
(as
P.
House
How C2.
How long
How many
How much
Idle
A2.
Kola nihil
Koki
...
Kombu
...
kiiran
...
ispitiri,
aspital
...
Sudu,
...
Orepii
...
Maui
...
Vfidu
...
PI
Fl.
...
...
nerarn
(vulg
...
Pasi
...
Nan
...
Honiara,
Yeppadi
Yevalo neram
Ettane
Yevalo
...
...
speak
kange
Avisaram
Pnrnshan
Raranam
...
to
Sangu
Kuthere
Kuthere
...
Hurry
Hushand
Humbly,
Hunger
..
Ten
Taruma
...
...
fiyarani
Perunal
Tai pongal (so-called from
ponkka to boil, bubble)
Palam, palatukku
Tita kal, enne kal
...
...
Horse
Horse keeper
Hour
Kuli vetta
...
Hone
Honey
Elot
Pottal
...
..
Hollow
Hook
Horn
Horn
...
...
(adj.)
Saranir
Aniani
Avanude, avan
Adikka
heathen
A4 (Example)
i.e
105
solla
auma
fidn)
COOLY TAMIL.
106
Ignorant
person
Teriath'al
Al, nal, -aka (suffix)
L3; Ps.13; L3(Note

want
If
1)...
Yenum
Ill
Sogam
Illness
Viathi, novu
Immediately
Satne
Perile
If
Impertinent
In
A4.
..
In order that, so that

Inch
India rubber
Indian corn
Indigestion
Inexperienced
Infant
Information
In future
endal
ille
(suffix)
-ile
..
Padikki
Inchi
Rabar, labar
Solan
..
Mantham
..
Palakam
..
P-^le
..
Samasaram
Ps.5...
..
..
..
Inimel
Injustice
..
Aniaiam
Ink
..
Mai
Inquire, to
..
Inquiry
..
Visarikka
Visarane
..
Piichi
..
Perumula
Insect
Insolent
Inside
..
tJllu.
illathe
ulukku
Instead of
..
Instrument
..
Alhukku
Aitham
..
Nintikka
..
Vatti (kasi)
..
Tade panna
Insult to
Interest (money)
Interrupt, to
Into
A4; A4(Note
I. 0. U.
Iron
Iron wood tree
Is
A3.
Issue to
,
A2; J2;
It
Itself
S.
82.
2).
-i
..
Kadan
..
Irumbu
..
..
..
..
Jabber, to
Jackal
Jacket
Jagged
(suffix),
..
..
vathil
ttlukku
situ
Nangili maram
Inikrutlm
Pathia
Athu
Athu tan
...
Katheikka
...
Narri
...
Satte
...
Mnratu
...
Pla-(pallam)-maram
Tai masam
Jealousy
...
Errichal
Joke
...
Juice
...
.7
;ik
tree
January
July
...
N3.
N3
Jump, to
Jumper
June
N3.
...
...
...
...
Pagadi
Sar
Adi masam
Tanda, kiithikka
Jampar, sampar
Ani masam
Jangle
Just
Just (adj.)
Justly
Jute bessian
S.
...
Kadu
...
Niaiam
...
Tan
...
...
Niaiama
Padangu
K.
Keep, to
Kettle
...
Key
...
Kick, to
...
Pudittu vaikka
Btti irukka
Ketal
Savi
Dtheikka
...
Adu
...
Kundi kai
...
Kolla
Keep
...
aside,
to
(of
persons)
Kid
Kidnev
Kill,
'to
Kind,
R.
sort
King
King peg
...
...
kutti
Maderi
...
Baza
Baza
Kiss
...
Mutam
Kiss, to
...
...
(for
lining)
Kitchen
Kitchen cooly
...
...
Kitten
...
Knave
Knee
...
...
Knife (pocket)
Knife
Knock, to
...
...
...
Knot
Know, to
Know, I
Know, do you?
Miitan kudukka
Kusini
Kusini meite
Pune
kutti
Kalavani
Mulan-kal
Madan
katti
Katti
Tatta
...
Mudichi
...
Teria (with dative'
...
Yenukku fcerium
Unukkn teriuma?
...
Padipu
...
Kuowlrcl'.'i
kiini
L.
Labour
...
Labourer, worker
...
Ladder
...
Lady
Lake
Lame
Lamp
Lamp
wick
Land
Landing place
Language
(at
Lap
Large
Last
Lath
Late
Latex
B; LI.
a river)
...
Veile
Veile karan
Yeini
Doresani, amms
...
Toppu
...
Nundi
...
Lampu
...
Tiri
...
Pfinii
...
Akkare
...
Peichi
...
Madi
...
...
Ps.13
kallaiu
Peria, perisi
l'omi, kadeisi
...
Varrichi
...
Neram
...
Pal
achi
107
COOLY TAMIL.
108
Laugh, to
Laughter
Sirikka
Siripu
Dobi. vannan
Pittene
Laundryman
Lawn
Lawsuit
Valaku
Somara
Lazy
Lead
Iyam
Leaf
Leaf (rolled)
Leaf (dry)
Leaf (withered)
Leaf (sheet)
Leak, to
Lean, to
Lean
(adj.),
thin
Learn, to
Leather
Leave, to
Leave work, to
Ledge, narrow
Ele, koluntu
TJrrut 'ele
Sette
Eanj'ele
Yedu, al
Olukka
Saia
Elichi
Padikka
Tol
Vaikka, vuda
strip
Veile vuda
Otiiuku (used in speaking of
leaving a strip of uncut barkbelow a wound on a tapped
Leech
rubber tree.)
Atte
Left
Left hand
Idathu
Picha kai
Leg
Kal
Leg, calf of
Leg, thigh
Lend, to
Lenient, to he
Konde kal
Ada tode
Eruvu kudukka
Iddam kudukka
Length
Nilain, nigalam
N.
Less
Korre
Let, to (allow)
Vuda
Let go,
Vuttu poda
Elutu
to
Letter (Alphabet)
Letter
Level
Level (spirit)
Level, to break
Kaitham
Mattam
Nir-mattam
Mattam odikka
Liar
Poi-karan
Lid
Lie
Mudi
Lie,
Poi
Poi
to
sol la
Lie down, to
Life, to have
Padukka
Lift, to
Tukka
Light
Light (weight)
Lightening
Velicham
Like, to
Likewise
Lime
Fl.
TJsari
irukka
Leisi, piirani
Minna]
Pirium pa da
Appadi
Sunambu
ille
Lime
Tesi kai
Nerre, vari
Varisa
(fruit)
Line, row
Line, in
Line
Laiam
house)
(cooly
Lintel
Nele
Lion
Lip
Singam
Uthadu
Kelkka
(kei kka)
Sinna, siru, podi
Listen, to
LI.
Little
Little
(adv.)
Lizard
(in
Konjani
Karretunde
J3.
Ceylon), a
Load
Loaf
Lock
Siime, kattu
.
...
Koti
Putu
Putu vaikka
Lock, to
Loft
me
Atale,
Log
Long
Long row
Katte
Look, to
Looking glass
Pakka
Kanadi
Antha par
Look
109
see
mette
Nettu, nilam, nitam

Nettu nerre
Kana
Lose, to
Lost
poa, ilakka
Kana, kaname
Nattam, nastam
Pelama, pelakku
Loss
Loud
Louse
Love
Pein
Low
Low
Low
caste
Sinna sathi
(adj.)
Ki
(adv.)
Kile
Anbu
Pannia, ki
Lower
Lower,
Pannikka
to
Luggage
Saman
Lump
Katte
Lunch
"Tiffin"
M.
Machine
...
Yentiram, mol
Mad
...
Paiti
Mahommedan
...
Mantiram
Tulukan
Mail
...
Taval
Maize
Make,
Make,
...
Solan
Magic
...
to
to; to cause to be
noise, to
Make
Male
Male
...
...
Seia, panna
Undakka, akka
...
Sattain poda, vaikka
...
Karan
...
An
Mallet
...
Kotupnli
Man
...
Ambale
(adj.)
shan
(i.e.,
an-pulle).
manu-
COOLY TAMIL.
110
Manager
Peria dore (ture)
Mango
Man-kai
Maderi
Manner
Manure
Manure
(artificial)
Sime uram
Many
N.
Micham
It.
tJram
March (month)
Mark
Mark, to
N3.
Panguni masam
Adieilam, maiam, nambar
Nambar adikka
Kalianam
Kalianam
Marriage
Marry, to
katta, kalianam
manna
Matin kalar
Martingale
Mason
Mesan
Master
Dore
Mat
Pai
Matches
Nerapu kuchi
Kariam
Matter, affair
Mattock, hoe
May (month)
Mean
esaman
Mamati
N3.
(subjunctive mood)
May
Me A2;
(ture),
masam
Veiasi
-attum
(suffix)
Yene, nan tan
S.
Karami
Sinn'amme
(adj.)
Measles
Measure
Measure to
Measuring stick
Meat
Alavu
Alakka
Alavu kambu, kol
Medicine
Meet, to
Marantu
Melt, to
Urrukka,
Nineivu
Erichi
Amba, sandikka
Memory
Mend,
to
Menstruate,
to
(the
lent for)
equiva
elevi
Seri katta, palathu pakka

Tale mula, vudukka tura iruk-
ka, vellia
Metal (road)
Middle
Eotu kal
Mildew
Nadu
Pusanam
Mile
Milk
Milk, tq
Katte
Pal
Pal edukka
Mind, the
Mind, to bear in
Mine
A2; A4.
Minute
Manasu
Mirror
Miss, to
Missing
Mistake
Mix,
Manasile vaikka
Yenude, namma
Nimasam
Kanadi
Tappa
Kana
(irukruthu)
Kuttam, mistek
to
Monday
Monkey
Month
poa
N2.
Kallakka, kalantu poda

Tinkal kilame
Manti, kuranga
Masam
Page
Month by month
Money
Money order
Moon
Moon (new)
6fi
...
Masam-masam
...
Kasi,
...
Kasi odru
Ill
salli
...
Santaram
...
AmmavaBi
Moonlight
...
Nila
More
N.
N2.
Morrow, to
Morning
N2.
...
Kuda, innam, athikum
...
Naliki
...
Kalame,
Mortar
...
Oral
Moss
...
Pasam
Mosquito
LI.
Most
Mother
Mother-in-law
...
Kosugu, kosu
...
Athium
...
Tai,
kale,
...
amma,
Mami, atte
Mound
...
Modu
Mouse
...
Siind'eli
Moustache
...
Mouth
Move, to
...
Mise
Vai
Aseikka
Move
Move
(trans)
...
(intrans.)
Much
...
N.
fii
...
Aseia
Olikka
...
Micham. remba
...
out of a houssji to
Mud
...
Mulberry
...
Multiply, to
Multiplication
...
Kambli pallam
Perukka
...
Perkul
Muscle
...
Narambu
...
Venum
Must
H.
HI. Page
Must not
77
Muster
...
...
Ser, segadu
Vanda (vendiim)
...
Peratu
Peratnkku vaikka
Peratu kaleikka
Yen, yenfide
...
Nan
...
Muster, to make a
Muster, to disperse
My A2. A4.
Myself
S.
kalambre
...
....
tan
N.
Nail
Nail
(finger)
Name
Name
Name
...
(full)
(half)
Ml.
Ani
Per
...
Muhi per
...
Navel
Nearly, almost
...
Ps.l.
Near
Necessary, to be
Necessary, not
Neck
Need, occasion
Needle
Neither
nor
Hi.
Nehaiii
...
...
Are per
Tonal
...
-pule (suffix)
...
Kitta
...
(see Examples
Vend nth 'irukka
...
Vendiuth'ille
Knl.ntu
...
Akkare
...
T>.)
...
Osi
...
-Um
ille
(-um
both repeated)
suffix
and
COOLY TAMIL.
112
Nerve
Narambu
Nest
Kuruvi kudu
Vale
Net (tennis)
Never
L2.
New LI.
Yeppothum
New moon
Ammavasi
News
Sangathe
Adatu, varu
Baval, Katiri
Next
N2.
N2.
Night
Nine
M.
Nineteen
Ninety
No
Ompathu
Pattompathu
Tonnuru
B2(Note
A3.
Nobody
2)
Ille
L2.
Ortrum
Noise
ille
Sattam, sande
Nose
Muku
Now
E.
None
L2.
Not
A3.
Note, promissory
Note
Note (money)
Nothing
L2.
Nothing
Ippo
Onnum
ille
Ille
Notu
Situ
Tal, kadutasi kasi
TJnnum
ille
Vere fmnum
else
Notice
ille
Notis
November
N3.
masam
Nambar
Katia
Number
Nurse (native)
Nursery
Nut
Nut
oru kalam
ille,
Piithu, puthisi
(of a
Aia (Ayah)
Tavarani
Mudichi
Kotte
screw)
0.
Oath
Oath, to
make
O'clock
P.
Occasion
Occasion, on that
October
N3.
Sathiam
...
Sattiam panna
...
Mani
Sameitham
...
Antha sameitile
...
Apia masam
...
Otte
...
Natam
...
Odd
Odour (bad)
Of
A4. A4(Note
...
3)
...
-fide
(suffix)
Off!
...
Office
...
Po! velangu! Tal hi

Apis kamara
Oh!
...
Aiyo
...
Enne
(castor)
...
Vilak'enne
(coconut)
...
Tenk'enne
...
Palia, palisi
...
Kelavan
Oil
Oil
Oil
Old
Old
On
On
B.
LI.
man
A4.
the table
...
-ile
...
Mese mele
(suffix),
mele
ille
Oru neram teram
Unnu, oru 'or
Un-unnu, ov'onu
Venkai
Once
One M.
One by one
M(Note
Onion
Only
Onward, ahead
F3.
Open, to
Or
L3(Note).
Order, method
Ornament, jewellery
Ornaments (some used
4).
Matiram, matam
Minukku
T/urakka
Allate, allathe
bj
Other
J3(9th Ex.)
Otherwise
L3.
Illate
Ounce
Our
A4.
iuns
Outside
Vellia
Oven
Over
Over the
Owe, to
Adapu
Own
(ponal)
Namma,
me
table (see
"on")
yengalfide
(after a
word
in dative rase)
Meseikki mele
Kadan kudukka vendia

Sunda
S.
Owner
Siinda karan
Pack, to
Pad
Paddv
Paddy
..
Adukka
..
Suraadu
Nelln
Vail
Padlock
..
Putu
Page
..
Tedu
Pail
..
Pain
..
Pain,
Paint
Pair
(or ellate)
Pirakaram, varisa
Nahi. nagi
mnTali, kadakan, mothiram,
kuti, koppu, miiruvu, kapu,
val levu, meladu, piichi kudu
Matt a, maru
coolies)
..
..
fiVld
to
Pan
Paper
Pardon
Pardon,
..
..
Tinta
..
Jodi
..
Pane
..
to
G.
..
..
Parr, some
J.I.
Pass, to (as time)
Passion fruit
Pat, to
Path
..
Sella
Pcronrlo pallam
..
..
Pawn,
Pay
..
off
..
..
debt, to
Pettor
Pathi
..
..
Pay, to
ls':i(latasi
Mannipn
Mannikka
..
Pave, to
to
van
Novn, valli, vethene
Noa. vallikka
..
Parents
Pay
113
..
Tatta
Pathe
Laisan vaikka
7idu vaikka
Sampalam
Sampalam kudukka
Kadan tirkka
COOLY TAMIL.
114
Peg
Peg
Pen
...
out, to
..
..
...
..
Kfini
Kuni adikka
Pen a, istil (steel)
Penalty
..
Thendam
Pencil
..
Pensil
..
Mulugu
Pepper
Perhaps
Person
...
..
Sila vuele
...
..
5.1,
Pestle
Perspiration
Photograph
Piano
per
..
Olaku
Verve
..
Padam
..
Kinaram
..
Pick, to (leaf)
..
Pick out, to
Pickaxe
..
..
Koluntu edukka
Porrukka
Pikasu
Picture
Piece
..
Padam
..
Tundu
..
Pandi
..
Pura,
Pig
Pigeon
Pile
Pillar
..
..
Kumal
Tun
Talevani
Anasi pallam
Pillow
Pineapple
..
Pipe (metal)
Place
..
Pili,
..
Idam, lekku
Place, to
Plait
..
"Vaikka
Plait, to
..
Sade
Pinna
..
Pilan
..
..
Plan
Plane
Plank
Plant
..
Siv'uli
..
Palagu
..
Plant, to
Plantation
Plantain
Plate
Play, to
Please
..
..
..
..
Plenty
Pluck leaf, to
Pluck out, to
Pocket
Point
Point out, to
Poison
Pole
vambu
Kandu, kannu
Nada, kandu poda
Totum
Vala pallam
Pingan
..
Vele ada
..
Taivn seithu
..
Micham
..
...
...
..
...
..
Koluntu edukka
Pudinkka
Sepu
Kuru, mini
Kata
Nanju, visham
...
Kambu
Police
...
Polis
Pond
...
Podnac
Poor
Porcupine
Pork
Portion
...
Teppu kallam
Punaku
...
Yelli
..
Footnote page 36.
(do favour)
Mullam pandi
...
Pandi
. . .
Pangu.
erichi
Post
Post cooly
Post office
Pot
Pot (flower)
Potato
Pound
Pound
Pound
Pound
...
Taval, tappal
...
Taval karan
Taval kanthor
Pane, chatti
...
Pu
...
...
chatti
...
Urule kelangu
Batal
...
...
Arisi tita
()
...
Pavun
to
...
Idikka
...
Olaku
rice, to
Pounder (for
Pour out, to
rice)
...
Uta, kotta
Powder
...
Till
Practice
...
Palakam
...
Pusari
Prayer (one who prays)

Prayer
...
Precipice
...
Pregnant
...
Prepare, to
Present
Present (adj.)
Presently
Press, to
Press (print)
Pretty
Previous, former
Prevent, to
Price
Prick, to
...
...
...
...
Puse
Varra'kadu
Pulle teiittu
Aitarn panna
Santosum
Irukruthu
Poragu, peragu
...
Ammakka,
...
Achu
...
Andis, nertiana
...
Muntina
...
Nipata
...
Vile
...
Kuta
alutta
Primary
...
Tai vathu
Print, to
...
Achu adikka
...
Marriel
Prison
Privy
Prize
...
Eakus
Paudiam
Niaiam
...
Perkol
...
Ycmbuum
...
Notu
...
Seriana
...
Seria
...
...
Profit
Proctor
Proof
Pro-note
Proper
B.
Properly
Prostitute
...
Proud
...
("assertive)
Prove, to
Provisions
Prune, ro
...
Veisi, kuthi
Bangi
Yeinbikka
Pruners
...
Selavu, uppu-kochi-kai
vetta
Eavat'al
Pruning
...
Mar
Pruning knifo
...
Pull, to
Pull out, to
Punctually
Punish, to
Punishment
...
...
Kavatu
...
Kavatu katti
niukka
Pndinkka
Nalla oertukku
Tandikka
...
Tandanam
...
...
...
115
COOLY TAMIU.
116
Puppy
Nai kutti
Veithi marantu
Vaitale poa
Purgative
Purge, to
Push, to
Put, to
P.
Talla
Poda, vaikka
Put down, to (a load)

Put out, to (a light)
Put a stop to, to
Put together, to
Putty
Erakka
Aneikka
Nipati poda
Seikka, serkka
Patti
Ketta poichi (po achi)
Putrid
Q-
Quantity
Quarter
Quarrel
Alavu, kanak
Kal, Kalvasi
Ml.
Sande
Sande poda
Bani
Oru maderi
Quarrel, to
Queen
Queer
Question
Question, to
Quick, quickly
Quiet
Quietly
Quinine
Quite
Kelvi
Kelvi kelkka
Surruka, versa, vehama
Suma, pesame
Mulla
Koina, kachal marantu
Seria, orumika, suttama
E.
Eacquet
Bag
Eag
Pant'adikka mate
Tuni
(in lining)
Eage
Eain
Eain, to
Eailway
Eailway train
Eailway station
Eaise, to
Eange
(kitchen)
Pu
Kovum
Malei
Malei peia
Bail rotu
Bail kochi
Isteisan
Tukka
Adapu
Eapidly
Eascal
Bat snake
Versa, vehama
Eat
Eat trap
Bavine
Teli
Yeli parri
Baw
Pache
Eazor
Eead,
to
Beach, to
Vasikka
Beady
Aitam
Aitam irukka
Beady,
Baskal
Sade pambu
Nettu kan
Rivu katti
to
Yetta
be
Beady money
Eokum
ENGLISH-TAMIL VOCABtJLAEY.
Really
Reap,
to
Rear, to (bring up young

Rebuild
Receive, to
P2.
Receipt
Recognise, to
Recovery (money)
Areikka
...
...
...
...
...
...
Reeper
Refund, to
...
Regularly, in a row
Relation
Related, bow is be to
Religion
Reins
Remain
Remain
to
Rent
...
...
...
...
Reply
H.
-
Rice
Rice (cooked)
Rick sb aw
Footnote
Roof
(space)
Vathil
...
Venum, vendiuth'irukka
...
Kanam
pakka
...
(ganam) panna
Rait aus
Poittu vara
...
"Vatham
...
Arisi
Seri
...
Valathu pakkam
...
Mothiram
...
Arikka
...
Pallata poa
...
Page
15.
Kai karrete; riksa

Modu, medu
Kuthere eri poa
...
...
(sacred)
Roller
...
...
Rinse, to
Ripen, to
Rise, to
Roll,
kasi
Seri katta, paluthu
...
Ring
to
Vade
...
...
Right
Right side
Road
Road (cart)
Road, to
Rob, to
Robber
Rogue
Bock
...
Footnote Page 15 Soru
Ridge
Ride horseback, to
River
Rens
Nikka
Kidakka
Socham, mithi
Nineikka
Eduttu poda, othunkka
...
Hheumatism
Tai pulle
Avan unukku enna venum?

Vetham
...
...
P2.
Repair, to
Require, to
Respect, to
Rest bouse
Return, to
Maravadi kudukka
Varisia
...
to
Adieilam teria
Pudittu kasi
Segapu, sivapu
Ripe
...
...
to be
Valakka
Tirumbi katta
Eduttu kolla
Pattu situ, ra6it
...
...
(stay)
Remainder
Remember,
Remove, to
Room
Kattaiam
...
...
Red
Rite
...
117
Endirikka
Kalipu
...
Aru
Rotu
...
Karrete rotu
...
...
Rotu vetta
Kalavu edukka
...
Kalaviini
...
Tim tn
...
Pare
...
pail
...
Urruta, sutta
...
Rothe
...
Kfire
...
Idarn
COOLY TAMIL.
118
Boom
...
Room,
to
make
Root
Root (tap)
Root out, to
...
...
...
...
Rope
...
Rose
Rotten
...
Rough
Round
Round
(adj.)
(globular)
Ver
Adi ver
Verodu pudinkka
Kavuru, kairu
Rosa pii
...
Ittu
Ittu poa
Suri, kannam
...
Ravun
...
Rotten, to get
Kamara
Idam kudukka
...
...
Tjrunde
Nerre, vari
Sande, sattam
Row
Row
(line)
...
Rub,
to
...
Teikka
Rub
out, to
...
Allikka
...
Rubber
Rubber latex
Rubbish
Rug
Ruin, to
Rule, law
Rule (foot)
Ruler
Rule (a line)
Run,
...
Rabar, labar
Pal
...
Kuppe
...
Jul
...
...
...
Kedukka
Saddam
...
Rul kambu
Alavu adi
...
Vari
...
...
Oda
...
Odi poa
Rupee
...
Riia
Rust
...
Kare
to
Run away,
to
Sack
B2.
Sack (small)
Sad
Saddle
Sak
Kutti sak
Tukkam
Sadal,
jini
Saffron
Manjal
Sago
Sav'arisi
Salary
Sampalam
Salt
Same
tTppu
R.
Oru maderi
Sand
Sandal
Saturday
Saucer
Saucepan
Mannal
N2.
Serrapu
Saini kilame
Sasa
Saspani
Saw
Val
Saw, to
Sawyer
Arrikka
Val karan
Solla, ena
Terasu
Say, to
Scales
Scent, smell
School
Vade
Pali
kudam
Ps.
Schoolmaster
...
Vatier
Scissors
...
Scorpion
...
Scrap rubber
...
Katiri kol
Tell
Ottu pal
Scrape, to
...
Scraper
...
Suranta
Karandi, surandi
Nonda, suria
Kiru
Scratch, to
...
Scratch
...
S'rew
Screw driver
...
Iskrup'ani
...
Iskrup'iili
Se?
Search, to
...
Samataram, kaddal
...
Teidi pakka, sothikka
M.
Second
..
Secrnti (time)
...
...
...
Pudikka
...
Tan
..
Seed
..
Seek, to
D.
Segregate, to
...
Seize, to
Self
S.
Sell, to
hond, to
...
.
Sense
Separate (adv
September
..
N3.
...
Settle a/c, to
Set aside, to
Set down, to lower
Seven
M.
Seven by seven
Seventeen
Seventy
Sew. to
Shade
Shake, to
Shake up,
to
Shame
Shame,
Shears
Shelf
Shingle
Ship
Shirt
(of
horse)
Vevere, tania
Peratasi masam
tirkka
...
Othukka
...
Irakka
Yelu
Yev'elu
...
Pattinelu
...
1)
Putti
Kanak
...
M(Note
Vikka
Anupa
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
to
Share
Sharp
Sharpen, to
Shave, to
She
A2.
Shoe
Shoe
...
:)
Eendam
Nimasam
Kana, kankka, pakka
Vethe, kotte
Teidi pattu poa, teida
Tania pod a
See. to
...
...
...
...
...
...
119
Yelawathu
Teiikka, mfita
Nellal
Ast-ikka (trans.), Aseia
trans.)
Kulakka, uthari poda
Vekkam
Vekkam kudukka
Pangu
Sonapu
Tita
Siva
Aval, ival
...
Katiri kol
...
Tattu
...
Uodu
...
Kappal
...
Kami's
...
La dam
...
Sapatu
Shoemaker
...
Sakilian
Shoot, to
...
Suta
(in
COOLY TAMIL.
120
Shop (native)
Shop keeper
,.
Short
Short row
Short cut
Shoulder
Shout, to
Shovel
...
Korre
Kprre nerre
Kuruka pathe
Tol
Sattam poda
Iskopu
...
Veidike
...
Kambikka, kata
...
Sata
...
Sogam
...
...
.
Shut, to
Sick
to
Signature
...
...
Since
P.
Sing
Single
Singalese
Sir
Sister
Sister (young)
Sit, to
Site
Six
M.
Six by six
Sixteen
Sixty
Size
Skilful
ille
Vaiale poa
Siku poda
...
Ari'val
...
Pakkam
...
Pakka
...
...
...
Silent, to be
Silence
Silk
Silver
...
J3.(13th Ex)
Side
Side adj.)
Sieve
Sift,
Kadde, sapu (European)
Kadde karan
...
Show, spectacle, play

Show, to
Sick, to be
"Sick," to put
Sickle
...
...
...
.
...
...
...
...
...
...
Salade
Salakka, arikka
Kai oppam
Pesame irukka
Pesathe
Pattu
Velli
...
Singal-al
...
Aiya
...
Akka(l)
...
...
...
Idam
...
Aru
...
...
...
...
mudu
Athukku pidpadu
Pada
Otte, unde
vai
Tangachi
Udkara
Av'aru
Pattinarn
Aruwathu
Kanak
...
Skin
...
Ketti
Tol
Skull
...
Mande
Sky
...
Vanam
Slate
...
Siletu
Sleep
...
Tukam
Sleep, to
...
Slip, to
...
Tunkka,
Valukka
...
Islopu
...
Mulla
...
Sinna, sirn, podi
...
Eottu
Slope
Slow, slowly
Small
B.
Small, as stumped
Small-pox
nitire seia
...
Smear, to
...
Peri'amme
Pusa
Smell, to
...
Mannakka
Vasam, vasane
Smell
Smell (good)
Smell (bad)
Mannam
Natam, nasam
Puhe
Smoke
Methuva,
Smooth
Smooth
Snake
Snap off,
leisi
Sevar oppare panna
a mud wall, to
Smooth, to
Moluga
Pambu
Nondikka, nondittu poda
to
Snipe
TJllan
So
So and so
Soap
Padi, appadi
In'intha, an'antha
Savukaram
Methuva
Methuva panna
Iyam piisa
Suda kol
Soft
Soften, to
Solder, to
Soldering iron
Some
J3.
Pathi, sila
Sila vuele, sila nale
Sometimes
So much
Avalo
Fl.
Son
Song
Magan
Son-in-law
Sore
Maru magal
Pun
Sort, species
Sort
R.
Tinisu
Maderi, sathi
Padu
Sorrow
Tukkam
Soul
Avisam
Sattam
Sound
Sow
Pen-pandi
Space
Space between two things..
Idam
Span (from
thumb)
little
Santu
San
Pesa
Polapu pesa
Speak, to
Speak
evil
of,
to
Species
Spectacles
Tinisu
to
Spit, to
Spittle
Split, to
Sinta
Mi'iku
Spill,
Split
Timb
vai, sant'ai
finger to
kanadi
Tupikka
Vai-nir (vani)
Pilakka
Pilinttu poichi
become
Kedukka, tolinttu poa

Karandi
Karandi alavu
Spoil, to
Spoon
Spoonful
Spot Cplace)
Sport
Spout
Spread our, to
Spring (water)
Sprinkle, to
Sprout, to
Têkku
Vei9u
Pili
Virikka
fitu
Thelikka
.
Moleikka
121
COOLY TAMIL.
122
Spur
Square (end of crowbar)
Kuthin mullu, sapatu mullu

Ele pakkaiu
Pulia
Annil, kiri
Kiita
Squeeze, to
Squirrel
Stab, to
Stable
Stalk
Stalk (2 leafed without a
bud, in tea)
Stamp (postage)
Stamp,
to
Stand, to
Stand aside, to
Stand stop
to
Nikka
Steam
Mutiri, tale, istampu
patti, stal
Vanji
Mitbikka
Star
Stare, to
Starving, starvation
Kuthere
Kambu
Steal,
Talli nikka, othunki iiikka
Nillu
Nachataram
MGlikka
Pattini (irukruthu)
Kalavu edukka
Avi
Step
Padi, padi kattu
Steel
Uraku
Yeitam
Steep
Stem
Adi maram
Kambu, kuchi
(of tree)
Stick
Stick on, to
Stiff, to get
Still
(adv.)
Still,
to be
Innam
Suma irukka
Sting, to
up earth
Stir up, to
Stirrup
Stitch
Stir
Otta
Maratu poa
to
dig
Kuta
Nonda
Kinda, uthari poda
Likap
Teiil
Stomach
Stomach ache
Vaitu, vairu
Stone
Stone (small)
Stone (food crusher)
Stone (for crusbing on)
Kal
Sakku
Stop, to
Stoop, to
Story
Store
Nikka; nipata (trans.)

Kuninttu nikka
Kathe
Storey
Stove
Strap
(of
"Vaitu valli
Kolavi kal
Ammi
kal
Istoru
building)
Straw
Straight
Stretcb out. to (the hand)
String
Mette
Adapu
Var
Vaikal
Neire
Nita (T like
'ee')
Sadambn
Strip, to
Motte pudinkka, nria
Strong (aa of drinks)

Strong
K&rum
Pellftm
Stump
Savali
Katte, kutta katte
Stumped, short
Kottu
Vathil
Stuff,
cloth
Substitute (of persons)

Submit, to
Suckle, to
al
Adankka
Adanki pada
Pal kudukka
Submissive, to be
Suck, to
Suffer, to; allow
Pada
Suffering
Varratum
Sugar
Sugar cane
Sulphur
Summit
Sun
Sunday
N2.
Superintendent
Asst.
do.
Support, to
Sure, to be
Swear on oath, to
Sweat
Swamp
Swallow, to
Sweep, to
Sweeper
Sappa (sapruthu)
(a verb used also to form
passive voice) (See Ps.9.)
Sini, sakare
Karumbu
Kentagam
Ochi
Veiil, surian
Naitu kilaine
Peria dore (ture) ("P. D.")

Sinna dore (ture) ("S. D.")
Tankka
Nisama
teria
Sattiam panna
Verve
Osavul
Mulunkka
Kuta
Vasal kuti
Swell, to
Swelling, a
Swim, to
Vinkka
Vikam
Nichal adikka
Swindle, to
Yeikka
Table
T.
Tail
Tailor
Take, to
Take away, to
Take cure, to
Take up rows
Talipot
Talk (noun)
Talk, to
Tall
Tall
(of
persons)
Tank
Taproot
Tap, to (rubber)
Tape
Tapper
Tar
Target
Task
(cooly)
128
Mese
Val
Teiil-karan
Edukka
Kondu poa
Patiram irukka, kavanakka
Nerre pudikka
TalSpa
Peichi
Pesa, solla
Vnlantu
Valatu
Kallam
Adi ver, ani ver
Patte vetta, pal edukka
Teipu
PS1 SI
Kiln
Padu
Kanak
COOLY TAMIL.
124
...
Bus!
Taste, to
...
Bfisi
Tat
...
Tattoo
...
Taste
...
Tea (liquid)
Tea leaf
Tea bush
Tea plant
Tea leaf (young, green)
Tea leaf (small)
Tea leaf (dry)
Tea leaf (fermented)
Tea estate
...
...
Tei ele, koluntu

Tei ele, kopi (coffee)
Tei ele kandu
Pache koluntu; pinju koluntu
Podi koluntu
...
Kan
...
...
...
...
...
...
Teach, to
Tear, to
Tear (of eye)
...
Telegram
Telephone
...
...
...
...
Tell, to
Temper steel,
Ten
M.
to
There
Therefore
These
B2.
Thief
Their
A2; A4.
them
...
Antha
Ml.
C.
Vandanam
...
Avangal, avargal
...
Appo
...
Angeiliruntu
...
Ange, angatu
...
Athinal, athukaha
...
Ithi ellam (this all)

Kalavani, kalian
...
Avangalude
Avangalukku
...
A4.
Thorn
Those (adj.)
C.
Those
C; B2.
Thorough
...
...
Thick
Thigh
Thin, lean
Thin (not thick)
Thing (matter)
Things (goods)
Think, to
(adj.)
...
Pant'adikka
Pant adikka male
Athi
Athi tan
1
A2.
Then
E.
Thence
A4.
This
Kan'nir
Tandi
Pesa tandi, kambi
Solla
...
C.
Third, a (4)
Thirst
Thirteen
M.
Thirty
This
C2.
ele, sivant'ele
Tei ele totum, kadu

Padittu kudukka
Kilikka
Tovea
Pattu
...
Them
Theirs, to
'ele
...
...
That (adj.)
Thanks
Segapu
...
...
Tennis
Tennis court
That
C2; G2.
That's it
pakka, tinni pakka

Tattu
Pachche
Tei tanni
...
Kannam
...
Tode
...
Elichi
...
Kannam
...
Kariam
...
...
...
ille,
Saman
Nineikka, yosikka
Mundil-oru-pangu
...
Taham
...
Pattimunu
...
Mupathu
...
Ithi
...
Intha
...
...
melis
Mullu
Antha
...
Athi ellam (that
...
Narusa
all)
ENGLISH-TAMIL VOCABULAKY.
M.
Thousand
Thought
Thread
Threaten, to
Three
M.
Three by three
Throat
Throughout
Throw,
Ml.
to
Throw away
...
Airam
...
Nineivu
...
Nul
...
Paiam kudukka
...
Miinu
...
MG-munu
...
Tonde
125
...
Yengam
...
Visa
...
Visi poda
Iddi
Vizala, viyala kilame
Ippadi, appadi
Thunder
Thursday
N2.
Thus
C2.
...
Tick
...
tfni
...
...
-varikum
Katta
...
Puli
...
Iluttu pudikka, irakka
Till,
...
...
P3.
until
Tie, to
Tiger
Tighten
,to
Time
P.
Time, hours
...
Nuni,
...
Mattam odikka
...
Tin
Tip
Tip tea, to
Tip (money)
'Ti-vali'
A4 A4(Note
Tobacco
Third
Ml.
To-day
N2.
To
...
Neram, teram, morrc

Mani neram
Sundu, tagaram (metal)
...
P.
1).
tiri
...
Santosum
...
Ti-vali,
...
-ukku, -ikki
Puh'ele
...
a Hindu
November
...
Munam
Inniki, indiki
...
Kallu
Kal virral
...
Together
...
Seitu, sendu,
Tolerate, to
...
...
Porrukka
Tappu, pare
...
Nalikki
To-morrow
N2.
Ton
Tongue
Too
N.
Toj much
...
...
...
kuda
Tan
Naku
Seitu.
kuda
Tool
...
Remba. micham
Aitham
Tooth
...
Pal
Top
...
N.
Top-knot
Top-knot (man's)
Torch
Total
Touch, to
...
...
...
...
festival
(suffix)
...
Toddy
Toe
Tom-tom
niattum
(suffix),
TTchi
Konde
Kurumi
Molavu
patti
...
Motram, orumika, toge

Toda
Towel
...
Tiivali
Town
...
Pattanain
Kiini adikka
Eotu kanadi
Bail kochi
Trace, to
Tracer (road)
Train
...
...
...
...
in
COOLY TAMIL.
126
Travelling expenses
...
Vali selavu
Tray
...
...
Tattu
Mithikka
...
Maram
Tread, to
Tree
Trick, fraud
Trouble
Trousers
...
Sfithu, pitalatani
...
Karachal, kastam
Truth
...
Kal satte
Adi maram
Tumbikai
Nisam, nicham
Trust, to
...
Namba
Try, to
...
Trunk
TruDk
...
a tree)
(of elephant)
(of
Turf
Tuesday
Turkey
...
...
...
N2.
...
...
Van-koli
Tirupa
...
Perkka
...
Turn off, to
Turn over, to
Turn round, to
Thendikka, pakka
Kir a pillu
Seva kilame
...
Tirumba
Turpentine
...
Karpantailam
Turtle
...
Sme
M.
Twelve
...
Pannirendu, pan'nendu
Iruwathu
...
20
...
Kendu neram
...
Twenty
Twenty, multiply by
Twice
Twins
Twigs
5, to
Twigs, young, with leaves
Two
M.
Two by two
Ml.
Type
perukul seia
anjiile
...
Eettu'pulle
...
Asambu
...
Tale
...
Rendu
...
Eev'endu
...
A"chu
U.
Madi
Kode
Udder
Umbrella
Unable
H.
Page
Unaccustomed
Unable,
if
25, 12th Sent.
Unceasingly
Uncle
illathe
Velankka
Siru kadu
Understand, to
Undergrowth
Undo, to
Uneven
Palakam
Oiame
Sittappan
Kile; ki (adj.)
Under
Undeveloped
Elathe, kudatho
E lathe ponal
(of
leaves)
Pinju (ele)
Avilkka, avilttu poda
Mattam
Unfair
Unguilty
Aniaiam
Unkaowri
Teri'ame
Unless
L3.
Unlucky day
Unmarried
Unseen
Illate
illame
Sutavali
(-ponal)
Kudathe nal
Ka liana mann'ame
Kin'ame (compare with
lowing:)
fol-
Untrained, to be
P3,
Until
Untrue
Unusual
Unwell
...
Kan
...
-varikum
...
Poi, nisam
Up
illame irukka
(suffix),
Valakam ille
Sogam ille
...
Mele, osakka
...
Me
Upset, to
...
Kotta, sinta
Upright
...
Nimatu
Upon
...
Mele, melikki
Upside down
Urine
...
Kuppara
...
Miitiram
Urine, to pass
A2.
Us
Use, to
Useless
...
Mutiram peia
...
Yengal, nangal
Page
Upper
23, 5th Sent.
Usual
...
Pavikka
Totta, uthavathu
Valakam, valame
...
...
mattam
ille
...
...
127
...
Amme
Value
...
Vile
Valley, hollow
...
Varnish
...
Pallam, pallatuku
Vanis
...
Marra
...
Narambu
Vaccinate,
to
kuta
kai, kai kari
Vein
Verandah
...
Verdict
...
Viranda, istopu
Tirpu
...
Eemba, micham
Very
N.
Vessel (ship)
...
Kappal
Vomit,
...
Vaiale poa
to
Village
Virgin
tJru, nadu
Kumari
...
...
W.
W.
C.
...
Waist
Wait,
...
to
Wake up,
Wake up
to
1
...
Idupu
Nikka
...
Endirikka, miilittu irukka
...
Miilittu iru
...
Sevar
Sen -kai sevar
...
Mannu
...
Palagu adittu sevar
...
Nadakka
...
Nade, kal-nade
...
Alechal
Wall
Wall (briek)
Wall (mud)
...
Wall (wood)
Walk, to
\V:ilk
(noun)
Wandering, walking (n)

Wander, to
Want
HI. Page 77.
HI.
Want, to
Warn, to
Warrant
Wash, to
Wash
clothes, to
Eakus kamara
sevar
Alea
...Venum (onum)
...
...
...
...
...
...
Vendum, vendiuth' irukka

Echarikka
Varant
Ealuva
Velukka
COOLY TAMIL.
128
Wash
gems,
for
to
Washerman
Wasp
Waste time,
Watch
Watchman
Watch,
Water
Water
Water
to
..
Vannan, dobi
..
Kolavi
..
Neram
..
Orlas
..
to
..
..
(cold)
..
(hot)
..
Watercourse
Watering can
..
..
Way
..
Way,
this
We
A2
C2.
..
..
Weak
..
Wear,
to
..
Wear out,
Wedge
to
Wedding
Wednesday
Weed
..
..
..
..
..
..
Well (water)
..
Well, to get
Well, very
..
..
Well
B.
(adj.)
..
Wet
..
Wet,
to get
What
What
What
..
..
for
..
that?
is
..
Wheel
When
When?
Where?
..
PI.
E.
A4.
Whereto?
Where from?
Which?
C;
Which hand?
While
PI.
Whip
A4.
C2.
C.
Nangal
Pellam
Katta
ille
Kalianam
PGthan kilame
Pillu
Pillu vetta
Kottu mamati
Kilame, yelu nal
Kilame nal
Alukka
Nirukka, param pakka
Param
Kinara, keini
Sogam aha
Nallathu
Nalla
Nananju, irma
Nannia, naninttu poa
Ennil
Ennatukku
Ath'enna
Rothe
..
-pothu
..
Yeppo?
..
A4 (footnote)
Vali
Pathe, rotu
Padi, ippadi
Teia, teinttu poa
..
Weep, to
Weigh, to
Weight
Kaval karan
Kaval pakka
Tanni, -nir
Pache tanni
Suda tanni
Tanni kan
Apu
..
Week
N2.
Week day N2.
..
(aha)
(suffix)
Enge?
Engatu?
..
Engeiliruntu?
Ethu? entha?
Entha kai?
..
-pothu
..
Savuku
..
..
(suffix)
..
Sike adikka
Whisper,
..
Kusukusnkka
..
Velle
White
White ant
Who?
E.
..
...
T.
Whistle, to
to
poa
..
..
Weed, to
Weeding hoe
illakka,
..
..
N2.
Arikka
..
Karrean
Yar?
(adj.)
ENGLTflH-TAMTL VOCABULARY.
Who
that?
is
Whoever
Whole
Ath'ar athu; ar athu?
..
Yarum
E; A4; G2(Note
Worship, to
of
whom
A4.
...
Why
1)
..
..
KQmba
Wick
Wide
...
Wife
...
Gl.
Will not (he)
Gl.
Will not, I
Will not be; is not
...
Ye (yen)
Tin
...
AVgalam
Penjathi
-matathe (suffix) to Inf
-maten (suffix) to Inf
Kidaathe (from 'kidakka')
...
Katu
...
fan
HI...
...
Jannal
Solngn
Tudeikka
...
Kambi
...
to
Wish
Wish,
...
...
Winnowing
Wipe,
Wire
YarGde, yarukku
,..
...
Wind
Window
Piriam, ishtam
Piriam irukka
...
...
to
With
A4.
Withered leaves
Within
T(Note
Withont
Witness
Kiida, seitu, kuditi

Kanj'ele, saragu, aette
...
...
THukku
...
1).
Woman
seri
Mulu, ellam
Tare?
..
Whom?
Whose,
..
Illame, -ame, illathe

Sachi
Pumb.ili (i.e. pen-pulle),
...
...
...
Maimshi
Woman
...
Ttelavi
Wood
...
Maram,
Wooden box
...
Maram
on)
...
V/oik
...
Work,
Worn
(old)
to
...
ont
...
palagti
potti
Sollu
Veile
Veile seia
Teinttu poichi
Machal, karrachal
Worry
...
Worms
...
Piichi
Worse
...
Athikum agathe
Wonnd
...
Wrathfully, to Hpeak
...
Kaiam
Akoram pe
Wrench, a
Write, to
...
Ravi
Elnta, elntha
Wrong
...
Seri'ille
Yard
lawn,
to
Year
Yellow
}?,
N.
Ye B
A3; B2.
N2.
A2; Appendix.
Yeatrrdny
You
Young
129
Tat
Kotavikka
Vaisu
Manjal
Tnnam
Am
.m,
Neitn
Ni, ningal
Yellan, piraiam
pom,
COOLT
130
Young
Young
(of
some animals)
(of leaves, fruit, etc
Younger sister
Younger brother
Your
A2; A4.
Youth, age
TAMIL'.
Kunji, kutti
Pinju (adj.)
Tangachi
Tambi
TJn, unude
Piraiam
TAMIL-ENGLISH VOCABULARY.
In order to make most use
word
of the references, on looking
up a
in this Vocabulary, the English equivalent should be
turned up in the English-Tamil Vocabulary where a
Grammar may
reference to the
The figures
inflected
-a (suffix)
Achi
5.
refer
to
some of
where the word, or
the sentences
form, will be found
be found.
the Interrogative suffix
9. 44.
Done, become
6.
Achu
Achu adikka
Ada
Adankka
Type
To print
To dance
To submit
Adanki pada
To be submissive
Adapu
Adatu
83.
Ada tode
Ade koli
Next
Thigh
Sitting hen
Foot (12 inches)
Bottom, stem
Foot rule
Stem
of tree
July
To be beaten, (suffer beating)
Tap
root
Mark
To recognise
To ln( bpafc
3.
*du
Ad'i
oven
Stove,
Adi
41. 45.
Adi
248.
Adi kambu
Adi maram
248.
Adi masam
N3.
Adi p;ida
Adi ver
Adielam
Adielam fpria
2.
Adikka
1.
Goat
kn*H
Adukk*
Kid
o
Adu^'i pud'.kkn
...To close pack

...To take up rowi
.
(nerre)
K"
"Tie or
AdTans
Advans kudukka
Agnlam
20ft.
Agathe
-aha
its
''Sentences" section.
in the
(suffix:
..
'
".
op
nioro
"
..'Jo adranct (m<

Wide, broad
...
Bad, not, hor n m
For in order to
Nearly nil Verbs are

in the Infinitive so
turned up ou pages 79-8S.
they
should be
OOOLY TAMIL.
ldd
Aha
Ahum,
Ik urn
iia
(ayah)
Air am
Aitham
Aitham
Aitam
To become,
...
Will become, will cause to
...
become
Nurse (native)
Thousand
...
46.
...
illath'al
...
...
A it am panna
Aiya
Aiyo
...
...
37. 42.
I
-aka (suffix)
Akka (aha)
Akka(l)
362.
Sir
Alas
...
If,
when
To
cook, to
oh
...
...
...
If
...
Akoram pesa
...
Al akka
...
Alam
...
Deep
...
Cnwbar
325.
Alavu
Alea
Alechal
Alia
186.
Tc wander
...
Walking, wandering
...
poda
Ama, am'
10. 69.
Amar
Amba
...
All hough
...
Yes
...
Hammer
...
Xmbnle (nn-pulle)
Ambattan
Ambattn (vulg.)
Amba t 'tan
29.
44.
...
...
...
(vulg.)
Ame
Ammakka
116.
321
Amme
Amme
Amme
Amme
vattu
Ammi
kal
Barber
So much
...
...
New moon
...
208.
To meet, find
Man, male
That's all
Turtle
To press down
...
Ammavasi
collect
...
...
Ps.3.
To
Dirty
To cry
To press down
To rub out
To rub out
...
Allikka
-alum (verbal suffix)
(sinna)
...
Chicken pox
Small pox
Measles
kiita
...
To
...
(peria)
...
...
An
...
Anapadia
Anisi pallam
Anbu
Measure, dose
...
...
Alutta
To measure
...
...
Aluka
Alukka
Allittu
...
...
.
make
..,
...
311. 327.
Alavanga
312. 319.
Elder sister
Need, occasion
Bad motive
Tj speak wrathfully
Person, cooly
Akkare
Akkus
17. 37. 44. 212. 388.
-al (suffix)
36. 57. 135
Ready
To prepare
...
...
Al
make
Tool
People without tools
...
...
to
vaccinate
8tone for crushing on
Male
(adj.)
Because
Pineapple
Love
Audit?*
...
Afternoon
Andii
...
Pretty, nic*
Ane
Aneikka
Ange
18. 268. 276.
Angatu
Ani
346.
276.
Elephant
To extinguish
There
Beyond,
Nail
Taproot
...
Aniver
to there
(iron)
June
Heathen
Anjam
Fifth
Anji
Annan
Five
Elder brother
Annil
Squirrel
Aniaiam
Ani masam
N3.
Aniani
Anth'antha
Antha
Antha
404. 406.
Apida
Apis (kamara)
Appa
Tf- catch
,.
481.
Oh!
,.
160. 319.
Appo
N3.
64. 68. 314.
Appii
Apu
Apuram
..
Then
..
'Boy,' butler
Wedge
..
Afterwards
Cold (after being hot)
..
Headman
..
(adj.)
Arachi (Sinhalese)
Aram
Aram
File
Sixth
..
..
Are
231. 294. 431.
103.
Are per
Are mani neraui
..
.
..
Are are-kal
431.
..
Areikk;i
...
878.
To
To
..
Rice (raw)
Got cold, dried up (as flesh)
...
ponuthu
213.
...
Aruwathu
..
..
Ase
236.
Ascikkn (trans
Aseia (intTMM.)
Ijpifiri
...
..
..
257.
322.
...
Atale
-atha
wash
(rafix)
89.59.148.312
Six
River
Bud
Sixty
Desire
Twigs
To mo"e, shake
Tn muff, shake
Hospital
Loft
Do
for
to reap
Sickle
Aru
Aru
Aeambu
grind
rinse,
To saw,
Arrikka
Arrival
Arumbu
Half
Half name
Half-an-hour
One-eighth
Five eighth a
..
Arikka
Arisi
..
Are-kiil
alas!
..
..
131.
(find)
Thus, that way

Father
October
,.
..
Appia masam
Office
Appan
Xri
Look there
To send
Appadi
Ara
That
24. 38. 322.

300. 498. 462
Annpa
Unfair, unjust
Each
177.242.277.204
(adj.)
!
13a
gems,
sift
COOLY TAMIL.
134
Ath'enna
Ath'ar athu
Athi
127. 263. 353
Athi tan
159.
Athi urn (before a noun)
265..
Athikum (before a noun)
Athikum agathe, atbium agathe
Athu
397.
Athukku vathil
Athukku pidpadu
-attum
341
Atte
Auns
430. 431.
Aval
75.
Avslgal
Avalo
42. 258. 448
Avalo tan
128.
Avangal
57. 395.
Avan
Avane
is
that?
that?
Who
is
That
(pron.)
That's
just that
it,
Much
More, most
Worse
.
(suffix) 32.
What
366.
It
Instead of
Since, after that
May
Leech, mother-in-law
Ounce
She
They (f)
That much,
That's
much
They (m)
He, his
Him
63.
Avani masam
N3.
Avar
485. 493.
Avi
Avikka
so
all
(obj.)
August
He, they
Steam
(polite
form
To boil, cook
To unite
To undo, untie
Avilkka
Avilttu poda
Avisani
Soul
Avisaram
Hurry
spirit
E.
Echarikka
Edukka
46. 88. 95. 109
Eduttu poda
Euuttu kolla
Ekru
384.
Elam
45.
316.335.445.
106. 305
39. 12. 59.

Elathe
89. 112. 247.
Ele
Ele (karat')
Elevi
pon
Blichi
Ellaro
Ella in "i
9.
104. 383. 397
38
...
To warn
To take, to
To remove
To receive
Acre
Can, able
Cannot, unable
1
ieaf
Black leaf
To melt
Thin, lean
ill
Everybody,
Elutha
Elutu
466. 469.
men
all
To write
Letter
Elnmba
Eua 457.
get
(of
alphabet)
Engctu
Enna, euni pikka
To get up
To say
To rise, get up
Where
Whence
To where
To count
Enna
What
470.
472
Endirikka
Enge
66.
Engeiliruntu
274.
66.
191. 438.
Enniltukku
What
315.
Enne
49.
Entha ?
Entu
Ps.7.
for
Oil
Era, erangi poa
Era kile, erangi vara

Erakka
kile
...
Which (adj.)
Having said, that
To ascend
To descend, alight
To set down a load
Erichi
Erichi petti
Erichi karan
Errichal
Meat, beef
Beef box
Butcher
Jealousy
Erume madu
Erumbu
Buffalo
Ant
To lend
To borrow
Eruvu kudukka
Eiuvu vanga
78.
Ethu
Etta
Ettathe
Ettane
135
Which
To reach
Cannot reach
How many
93
Etti inikka, poa
21.
To keep
aside,
move away
persons)
(of
How much
Evalo
Fly
182. 288. 310
Idam
Idam kudukka
To make room
Idathu
Idathu kai
Left
Left hand
Idi
Idikka
Thunder
To pound
[dinttu poichi
Idiipu
Back, waist
Dilapidated
24.
(suffix)
-ikki
Space, place, site
35.
60. 202..
-ile
(suffix)
-iliruntu,
142. 199. 203.
iruntu
Elame, -'ame
(suffix)
8.
In, into, on
..
From
61. 94. 181.
Without
Without
57.149.167.327.
Ulate(ponal)
Jllathe ner;im
Illath'avan
..
If not, otherwise, o.
To
357.
pull
Convulsions
lllllpll
Illiirtii
pudikka
To
Inrlii
294.
Tncli
Inje, ingatn
65. R9. 271
Tnji
Inimel
486.
Innam
53. 128.
Inniki, indiki
tighten
Here, to here
Ginger
In future
Still, yet,
34.
68
Absence, when not present

He who has not
No, not
51. 53. 56.
lllukka
at, for
lose
..
217. 184.
Jllathe
Ille
To,
To
Ihikka
Today
more
COOLY TAMTL.
136
Iii'intha,
Inoru
Intha
Intha
Ippadi
Ippo
Iragu
Irakka
an'antha
So and so, such and sud

Another
This (adj.)
228. 222.
38. 172.
Look
90.
Thus,
40.
here
way
this
Now
Feather, wing
To set down, lower
Irama
Damp
Irantu poa
To
Irigi
Dried
Irpu
Irrutu
Irukka
16. 36. 37. 43. 140.
Irul
Irukruthu
28. 335.
die
(of earth)
Cramp
Dark
142 To be, have
Be be still
Irumbu
Is, present,
Iron
Irumal
Iruwathu
Tskopu
Cough
Twenty
48.
Shovel
Iskrup'ani
Islopu
252.
Screw
Slope
Istal
Stall, stable
(Istam) ishtam
(Istama) ishtaraa
Favour, wish
Istampu
Stamp
Isteisan
stop
have
Amicably
(postage)
Station (railway)
498.
Istopu
Istor
Ithi
70. 82.
Ithi tan
Ittu
Verandah
Store, factory
This (pron.)
Just this
Eotten
166. 438.
Ittu poa
Ival
ivan
Ivale, ivane
To
rot
She, he (here)
Her, him
Lead
To solder
Iyam
Iyam pusa
Tyam tal
(here)
Sheet of lead
K.
Kachal
Kachal marantu
Fever
Quinine
Kadakan
Kadan 441.
Kadan kndnkka
Kadan karan
Kadan situ
Kadan tirkka
Kadanukku vanga
Kadavn
Man's ear-ring
Debt
To owe
Debtor
I. 0. U.
K.".davul
Kadde
Kadde kiran
To settle debt
To borrow
Door
Heaven (God)
Shop (native)
Shop keeper
TAMIL-ENGLISH VOCABULABY.
Last
197.
Kadeiai
Kadeisile
Eventually
Bite
Kadi
Eadikka
Kadu
Kadu
187
To
bite
Jungle
To
vetta
clear jungle
Kadutasi
Kai
Paper
Unripe
146. 199.
Kai
Kai kari
Kai kasi
Kaia
Kaia, kaia poda
Kai karer.e
272.
Kai pudi
372.
Kaia poda
Hand
Beady cash
Dry
To dry
Kickshaw
Handle
To dry
Kaiam
Wound
Vegetables
415.
459. 461.
Kmtham
fruit
Letter
Kaka
Kakus
Kakus kamara
Kakns petti
Crow
356.
Kai
356.
Kai (patham)
316. 322.
Kai
Leg, quarter, J
Foot
Kalam
Kalame,
Kalan
451.
kale,
Privy, secretion
W. C.
Commode
kalambre
Stone
69
Time, period
153 Morning
Mushroom
Kalavani
Kalavu
Kalavu edukka
Kale madu
Kaleikka
Kaleittu poa
Thief
Theft
To
steal
Bull
To
To
disperse, put in disorder

get tired, disordered
Kalianam
Marriage
Kalians katta
Kalichu (kalittu)
To marry
461.
Kalichi, oru nal
100. 200. 245. 246
Kalikka
having deducted)
After 0"
After a day('s time)
To pick off, deduct, subtract
Kaluthe
163.
Kiilvasi (adj.), kai
Quarter, J
Kill
virral
Kai vedi vaikka

K&] satte
Donkey
Toe
To
blast
Trousers
Kalla (adj.)
298.
Kallakka
False, forged
Kallam
Kallam
Pond, dam
Muster ground
Kalian
Kalla
Kalntu
(teppu-)
(peratn)
To mix
Thief
Kaluva
Toddy
Neck
To wash
Kamara
Boom
490.
COOLY TAMIL.
138
Kambi
...
Kambili
Kambili pallam
Kiimbikka
157. 290
Kambu
Kambu
100.
102.
811. 815. 330

vetta
..
...
Wire
..
Blanket
Mulberry
..
To show
..
142
Kamis
Kan
Kan
Kan
..
Stalk
Pole
...
..
...
..
Shirt
..
Drain
...
..
To
...
%e
Kanadi
...
..
Road
Kanam
...
..
...
. ,.
(ganam)
Kana(n), kiiname
Kana poa
Kanak
..
167. 339. 445.
Kanakapulle
19.
Kan'ame irukka
Kandu kutti
Kandu, kannu
...
..
..
drain
To
Account, amount, size

Accountant
To be missing
..
Calf
338. 339. 356.
..
Plant
Kandu poda
Kange
To plant
Heat
...
,.
...
,.
...
. ..
...
Kan-nir
...
,.
Kannam
...
Kappal
...
..
Kapu
...
,.
Amulet
...
,.
Trouble
...
,.
Kanji
Kanji
372.
Kankka, kana
185.
407
Kantu pudikka
...
309.
Karachal
Karachal kiidukka
Karadi
...
Karadu
...
...
kal
Karaktar
Earami
-karan (suffix)
Tappal-kiiran
Tota-kiiran
Karandi
375.
Karandi alavu
Karatu
Kare (akkare)
Kare
Kareian
Karete
498.
Karetunde
..
Kariam
ille
Karum
Karumbu
Karupu
To
see
Tear (lit
Thick
To
eye water)
discover, find
Ship
To
trouble
..
,.
Character
,.
Mean
...
..
Male, man, doer

Tappal cooly
Oardener
...
..
Scraper, spoon
..
Spoonful
Carrot
,.
Landing place
,.
...
...
...
...
...
...
Feminine
Curry
...
Affair,
130. 409
at a river
Charcoal, coal
White ant
Cart
,.
..
A lizard (in Ceylon)
,.
-kari
Kari
Kiiriam
Gruel, rice water, starch

Dry, hard
Bear
Ankle
lost
lose
...
glass
tracer,
Eespect
Disappeared,
...
. ,.
...
...
of
karan
matter
does not matter

Strong (of drinks, etc.)
(It)
Sugar cane
Black
An
Earunarn
Eurupantailam
Easakka
ceremony
act,
Turpentine
...To crash
... To crumble
...
Easankka
Easapu
Easi
58.
Easi odra
Eastam
...
Bitter, bitterness
...
Cash, money
...
Money
...
order
Trouble, hard work
Eata 285.
Eathe
...To show
Eatheikka
...
Chatter, story
To chatter
Eathu
...
Ear
...
Katiri kol
Katiri kai
Katia
Katta
Eatta
139
...
...
masam
...
...
Shears, scissors
Brinjal (a vegetable)
November
To tie, wear
...To build, bind
Eattaiara
...
Eatte
...
141. 277.
220. 250. 272.
Eatti
Eatti
...
...
Kattil
302.
Eattu
Kaval kilran
Kaval pakka
Eavanam
107.
Eavanakka
Eavat'al
Bed
Wind,
...
Bundle, packet
air
...
Watchman
...
To watch
...
Carefully
...To take care

... Primers
224.
Eavatu (veile)
Eavatu katti
Kavatu vetta
Kave
Kfmiru, kairu
Kedukka
...
...
...
...
...
...
59.
474.
Kelvi
Kelvi kelkka (keilkka)
Kcnfagam
Pruning, (work)
...
Funeral
...
Potato, bulb
...
Old
...
...
...
...
Pruning knife
To prune
Care, concern
Cord, rope
To ruin, corrupt
Well (water)
...
Keini
Keitbaia
Kelangu
Kelavan
Kelkka (keilkka)
Kelkka (kathodu)
Stump, log, post (mile)

Enife
Past part, of 'katta'
...
...
Eatu
Beally
To
To
man
ask, hear
listen (hear with ears)
Question, hearsay
ask question
To
...
Sulphur
...
Eettle
...
Bad
'
Ketal
Ketta
Ketta poichi
272.
Ketti panna
Ketti
Ki
25 ('i' like 'ee')
Eidakka
...
Gone bad, spoilt

To make firm
...
Clever, firm
...
...
...
EitTaathe (see Eng. Vocab.)
...
Eidda
...
Low, under (adj.)

To be, remain
Will not be,
He-goat
is
not
COOLY TAMIL.
140
Kilame
182.
Kilame nal
Week
Week day
Kile
134. 141. ('i' like
Kilikka (1st 'i' like 'ee')
'ee')..
Kin a ram
Kinda
Kinnaru
Kira
Down, under
To tear
Piano
To
stir up
Well (water)
pilln
...
Turf
..
Kiral
crack
Giddiness
Near, from
Kiru-kim
Kitta
15. 181. 366. 436
Kochi
(a person), to
Coach
496.
Kochi-kai
Kodali
Chilli
Kodi
Creeper, bramble
Axe
Kode
Umbrella, flag
Koia
pall am
Koil,
kovil
Guava
Koina
Koki
Kol
Kol
Kol aolla
Hook
Measuring rod
Complaint
To complain
Kolambu
Hoof
Kolante
Kolavi
Wasp
Child
Kolavi kal
Kole (?Sinhalese)
Food crusher
Koli
KoUa
To
Kollan
Kolle
Koluntu edukka 102. 136.

Koluntu
19. 33. 214
Kolupu
Kolata
Konal
838.
Kopi
(stone)
Leafed twigs
To bark (as a dog)
Chicken
Koleikka
Konde kal
Konde
Konde kuchi
Kondu poa
Kondu vira
Konjam
50.
fruit
Church, temple
Cinchona
kill
Blacksmith
Heart
To pluck
Young leaf
,
Fat, grease
Fat (adj.)
Crooked
Thigh
Top-knot (woman's)
24.
169. 369. 371.

344. 182
...
(often used for 'tea buBh')
Hair pin
To take away
To bring
Few, little (adv.), some
Coffee
Kopil
Copy
Koplan
Blister
Koppe
Cup
Korxe
118. 340.
Korre nerre
118.
Korreikka
284.
Korreittu poda
262
Kortu
Short, less
Short row
To reduce
To shorten, decrease
Court (law)
Kosa
Kosugu, kosu
..
Cabbage
Mosquito
...
Kotiipuli
..
Mallet
..To yawn
..To boil
empty
,.. To
Kotavikka
Kotbikka
425.
Kotta
Kottaraah
Kotte
Kottu mamati
420.
Kottu kude
Kovikka
Coriander
Seed, nut
...
...
Stumped, or weeding inarnoti

Small sized basket
To be angry
...
,..
...
Kovum
...
Koya
...
Anger
Guava
Kudathe nal
Kudathe
...
...
Stick, peg
With, too, more
Unlucky day
Unable, must not
Kude
...
Basket
Kuchi
Kuda
...
60. 298.
...
Kuditi
...
To drink
In company
Kudu
...
Envelope, cage
Kudikka
487. 488.
...
with, with
Kfilakka
293. 350.
Kuli
Kuli (51)
Kuli adikka
387.
Kuli rafida
Kuli vetta
293.
...
To give
To shake up
...
Hole
...
Cooly (hired person)
...
To
Kulikka
Kfdikru kamara
...To bathe
...
Bathroom
Kulir
KGlir kachal
...
Cold, shivery
...
Ague
Kumari
...
Virgin
Kiirnal
...
Heap,
Kumba
...
Kudukka
168. 199. 285. 443.
...
...To
...
370.
Kumittu pod a
361. 362.
Kuni
KGni adikka
KuinDchi nikka
303.
...
...
...
...
Kundi
...
Kunji
...
Kfipida
8.
74.
Kuppara
Kuppara poda
Kuppe
174.
Kuranga
Kure
Kuril
Kuruka
Kuruka pathe
141
83.
pile
To worship
To heap up
Peg
To peg out
To stoop
Seat
(of
body)
...
The young of animals

To call
Upside down
To put upside down
...
Rubbish
...
...
425.
To
holes
holes
dig holes
drill
fill
...
Monkey
...
Roof
...
Point
...
Short, across
Short-cut
Kunimba
...
Young coconut
Kururni
...
Kurata
...
...
Top-knot (man's)
Blind
COOLY TAMIL.
142
Kuruvi
Bird
Kitchen
Kitchen cooly
To whisper
Kusini
Kusini meite
Kusukusukka
Kuta
287. 288.
To fork,
Crowd
305.
Kfitam
KQtama
prick,
Crowding
180.
Kuthi
Kuthere
Kuthere eri poa
Kuthere karan
Kuthere patti
Prostitute
Horse
To
ride
on horseback
Horse keeper
Stable
Kfithil
Kfithil irukka
Cold (of body)

To be cold
Kfzthin mullu
Kuthin kal
359.
Kutta katte
277.
Spur
Heel
Kuttam
sweep
Standing stump
Fault
Guilty
94. 156.
Kuttavali
Kutti
Kutti
The young
some animals
of
Girl
L.
Liichi
Drawer
Liida-karan
Farrier
Liidam
Horse shoe
La dam poda
To
Lagam
Bit
Laiam
8.
91.
Laisan
Laisan poda
....
...
shoe
(of bridle)
Line (cooly dwelling)

Foundation
To pave
Lampu
Lamp
Landa
Large crowbar
Tjanjam
Bribe
Lantan
Leisi
Lantern
Easy, light
45.
Lekku
Place, spot
173.
Lenji
Handkerchief, head-dress
Likap
Stirrup
M.
Machal
Machinan
Worry, trouble
Brother-in-law
Machinachi
Sister-in-law
Mada
Foolish
To bend, fold
Madakka
270.
Madangu (see 'madi')
Madan katti
Mada
pail
...
...
Folded cloth (waist 'pocket')
Pen
267.
MadeiaD
Maderi
Madi
43.
140.
165.
396.
...
knife
Fool
Fool
Kind, sort, same
Lap, folded
clotb
TAMIL-ENGLISH VOCABULAKY.
Madi
...
Madu
Madu
Madu
...
karan
...
patti
...
Udder
Cattle
Cattle keeper
Cattle shed
Magal
...
Magan
...
Daughter
Son
...
Ink, paint
Mai
Maiam
Mai
385.
otti tal
...
Mark, boundary
...
Blotting paper
386.
Malei
305.
Malei peia
...
Hair
December
Bain
...
To
Male
...
rain
Field, hill
...
Blunt
Mairu
Makali
...
masam
...
34.
33.
22.
Mallingu
N3.
251.
Mii man
...
Ma mi
Mamati
40.
...
Man
...
Father-in-law
Mother-in-law
Large hoe, mamaty

Deer
Mande
...
Man
...
Skull
Antlers
...
The mind
korabu
Manasu
...To bear in mind
Manasile vaikka
Manjal
6. 60.
Mani
Mini neram
227.
...
393.
...
15.
...
Mantham
Mannakka
O'clock, hour
...
An hour's
Mango
...
Monkey
...
Man-kai
Manti
Yellow, saffron
Indigestion
...To smell
...
Manual
...
Mannam
...
Mannakka
Maunikka
Mannipu
...
Sand
Gor.i smell
...To smell
...To forgive
Manni
Manni adikka
Forgiveness
...
Bell
To ring
...
Earth
...
Mud
...
To
Manuehan
...
Man
Maiitiram panna
...
Maimn
Mannn
Mannu
304. 31R. 373.
...
...
sevar
vetta
Mapale
\I:i|)ii kudukka
Mar
Mara in
Mararn
time
Miirapu kan
140. 125.
427.
Marantu
Mare
478.
Mareikka
Marakka, marantu poa
...
Wooden
...
petti
112.
...
To perform 'magic'
Bridegroom
To give a chance
Primings
...
839.
...
...
3?4.
wall
dig (cut earth)
box, chest
Tree, wood
Cross, secondary drain
...
Medicine
...
Bagama Camp
...To hide
...To forget
143
COOLY TAMIL.
144
Marra kai
Marriel
Vegetables
Prison
Marre
Elk
Mara magal
Mara magan
Mara
Daughter-in-law
Son-in-law
Other, another
Again
Maravadi
Maramuli
Answer, written reply
Masam
Masi masam
Mcntb
Fehiuary
Month by month
Tt change
Large drum
Masam-rnasam
Mata
Matalam
-matathe
(suffix
to infinitive)
He,
306.
167.
etc
will not
I will not
-maten (suffix)
161. 166
Mathipu
Matiram, mattam
214
Matin kalar
Matta, mara
242.
Mattam
21.
-mattum
133
121.
Until,
(suffix)
Mattam illame
Mattam odikka
120. 121. 145...
Mau
Me (adj.)
Meham
25.
Estimate
Only
Martingale
Other
Level
135.
211
...
...
...
...
till
Uneven
To tip, break
Body
To graze,
Mei
Meia
Meil vilasam
to
feed
Address
Ear-ring (woman's)
Up, above, on
456.
Meladu
Mele 330
Mele vara
To come up
Melis
Me mette
...
...
Thin (not thick)

Upper story
Mason
Mesan
Mese 140
Table
Mettr
Story (of building)
Methuva
Methuva panna
Soft,
To
Micham 42. 228

Min (long'i' like ee')
Min (adj :)
Mina ('i' like 'ee')
Mindi
160.
Minna
Much, many,
..
In front front side

Lightning
;
To
Minnkku
Mirugam
the front
Animal
Moustache
'ee')
Mistek
Mistake
Mithakka
Mithfltka
Fore, front
Before, previously
381
like
359. (Ib*
verv,
Fern
min pakkam
(V
smooth
soften
Fish
Minnal
Mise
level
Flour
Upper, top
Cloud
''
like 'ee')
To
To
float
tread
remainder
Modakn 275. 276
Modu 119
Moi
Mol
Moleikka
148
Corner (as of a road)
...
Mound,
...
Swarm; ceremony
Machinery, engine
...
To
ridge
...
Molle
...
Breast
Morre
...
Time
...
Harm
362
6eia
Mothal, inotha 196
...
To harm
...
First
Mothiram
Mottam
...
Ring
...
Total
...
Bald
...
tiri
Mosam
Mosam
56.
Motte
Motte pudinkka
...
108.
M fichu
223
..To
...
at
marriage
sprout
Candle
To smooth
Molavu
Moluga
145
(period)
(for finger)
strip off
buds
etc.
Breath
... To cover, fill in

300. 387.
... Lid, cover
424.
... Knot, screw nut
Mudichi 228. 256
Mudia 34. 80. 117. 140. 167. 205 To finish
Mflda
Mudi
Mugare
Muku
Mukn
(vulg
...
:)
...
Face
Nose
...
Spectacles
MQkuti
...
Nose ornament
Mulan kai
Mulan kal
Mulavu patti
...
...
Mulei
...
Mule
...
Torch, candle
Braiu
Corner
...
Deformed
kanadi
...
208
Muli
Mulikka 48
...
Mulittu irukka
Mulugu
Mulu, mulukka
Mfilfinkka
Mulu per
Mulla
Mullu
...
...
lfi8.
...
...
16R.
106.
288.
...
...
292.
Mullum pandi
...
...
Elbow
Knee
To stare
To wake
(as to ears)
up, be awake
Pepper
Whole, entire
To swallow
Full
name
Slow, slowly
Fork, thorn
Porcupine
...
To
...
Thorn, bramble
Miinam nal
...
Day
Munam
...
Third
Mundil-oru-p.inpu
...
Munji
...
Face
Miinjil
...
Bamboo
Mil 'infirm
...
Munu
...
Mu|);ithn
...
Mnratii
...
Muruva
...
MiiBal
...
Mullu kfita 292

Mullu chedi
fork
before veeterday
third,
Three by three,
Three
Thirty
Jagged, uneven
Ear ornament
Hare
in threes
COOLY TAMIL.
146
To mend, sew up
Muta
Mute
Mute
Sack, bag
278.
Egg
(koli)
(fowl's)
Urine
Postage stamp
Hard, coarse
Mutiram, mol
MQtiri
Mutta
99
Mutt'ele
99.
Hard
Muttam
Kiss
Mutti
Fist,
leaf
hammer
N.
Nachataram
Star
Nada 354
Nadakka
To plant
To walk, behave, happen
To go on walking (i.e. hurry
Nadantu poa
Nade
Walk
Nadi pakka
To
Nadu
Nadu
Nadu
Middle
Midnight
26
ratiri
(noun), gait
feel pulse
Nahi, nagi
Village
Jewellery
Nai
Nai
Dog
Puppy
kutti
Naiam
Profit, justice
Naitu kilame
Sunday
Tongue
Naku
Chair
Na-kali
Naliki
Na]
Xalandiki
Day
Day
NO lam
legs)
tomorrow
after
Fourth
Good, well
Punctually
Nalla 31.
87
Nalla nertukku
Nallathu
449. 500.
Very well
pambu
Nalla
(4
Tomorrow
(all right)
Cobra
NHlu
60. 101.
Nalukku-nalukku
Four
Nambar
Nambar adikka
Number, mark
To number
To trust, believe
Namba
Daily
473.
Namma
Our,
Naminukki]
To
Nan
Xan
Ii^;
(mine)
To be wet
Crab
We
me
Myself
tan
Nananttu irukka
T
N andu
NTi
my
us, to
ft
<
hirselvea
Nanju
Iron wood tree

Poison
Nania, nananttu poa
To
Nangili
maram
Napathu
Narambu
get wet
Forty
Muscle, vein
up)
Nari
113
Narfisa
Nasakka
Nasam, natam
..
Jackal
..
Thoroughly
..
To crush
..
Nasama poa
..
Odour (had)
To "go to the dogs"
Nasivu
..
Natam, nastam
..
Bruise
Loss, deficit
Nav'alu
..
Four by
Nedua
435.
..
Neham
..
Neire
Neitu
Nele
Nellu
79
Nellal
272
..
Paddy
370. 388
118.
pudikka
26
'..'.
...
'.
..
Fire
..
Match
Match box
To be full
To fill
..
Colour
..
Row.
..
To
..
Forehead
..
Nichal adikka
Nikka
20.
..
Baptism
..
44.
i' i'
like
315.
'ee')
134. 275. 488.
..
..
like
('i'
ee')
...
..
..
Long, length
18
..
Stop!
Nimasam
..
Minute
Nilm
Niniatu
Nineikka
Nineivn
x
>"_--]
351
11.
I'prigbt
47'*.
i'
I'kt
stand
'294.
..
'
Nilam, nipalnin, nitam
To swim
To stop,
Moonlight
Blue
Nils
Nilam
..
Main drain
Long row
You
..
'ee')
line
..
..
Ni ('i' like
Nianasanam
'ee')
to get late
take up rows
Bier
Pretty
At the time
Nerti&na
428.
Nettu kan
Nettn nerre
memory
To lose time
To waste time,
Norm
Nertile
Netti
to
..
..
282
79.
Late
..
Nerram
Nerre
..
..
Nereittu irukka
Nereikka
To commit
Time
..
Nerapu
Nerapu kuchi
Nerapu petti
(rice)
Shade, shadow
Chest
..
..
...
Neram illakka
Neram poa
.\e.rre
..
..
Nenjile vaikka
Neram 102. 38t
Neram achi 5
Straight
..
..
Nenji
four, in fours
Along, straight
Finger nail
Yesterday
Lintel of door
..
To think
Thought memory
You fplur.1. yon tfivm
,
orific>
Njntikka
378.
Nipata
Nrpiti podi
Kir mattani fY likp
..
..
'ee \.
147
To
To
insult
stop (trans
'!>
ant
fit
:)
atop to
lerel
hnn
COOLY TAMIL.
148
Nirakka
158. 170. 183. 202.
Nisam
Nisama
Nita
solla
('i'
Nitham
Nitam
Noa
Nonda
To weigh
Truth
like
To
To
tell truth
stretch out (the hand)
Continually, daily
'ee')
like
('i'
'ee')
Notis
Notu
Novo
Nul
NSndi
Nuni
Nunittu poda
Long
To pain, hurt
To scratch up;
dig
Notice
Pro-note
Pain, illness
Thread, fuse
Lame
Tip, point
To break
off tip
O.
Oda
To run
Body
4.
Odambu
Odavi
Odikka 120. 122. 132.
475. 489.
Odi poa
Oiame
139
492.
Olaku
Carpenter
To break
To bolt, run away
Unceasingly
Pestle
To clear out (of a house)
To hide
Olikka
Olikka
Olukka
To remove
To leak
Ompathu
Nine
Oppare panna
To make smooth
459.
Oppam
Oppam poda
Signature
Olitto poda
Orepu
884.
(see 'urepu')
427.
Oria
Orinttu pal
Orlas
Ortram
Coagulated latex
Watch,
Nobody
ille
Oru kalam ille

Ora maderi
Orn maderi (very long
Orumika
Oru pndi
clock
A, an, one
Never
Oru, or'
Same
a)
...
Queer, prevarication
All, total,
whole
Handful
Orn teram, morre
One family
Once
Oral
Mortar
Orutan irukka
Ob a ram
22.
Osavul
To be
High
Osinta (adj
High, upper
To go up, climb
Ora-tai-pulle
Oenkkn po
(of
To sign
To hand over, prove
Edge
Hot (as of curry)
To coagulate, thicken
Oppikka
Oram
(furniture)
:)
455.
alone
Swamp
mud
walls)
429.
Othukka
429. 430.
Otbuku
Gthunkks
...
Otta
Otte
...
Otto-pal
..
..
To
..
Single
...
...
. ..
Ottukolla
...
..
Ovoru
Ov'onnu
...
..
...
To
set aside
(See Eng. vocab. 'ledge')
To get aside, remove
..
..
418.
149
..
blot, stick
Scrap rubber
on
(i.e.
Stuck-on
rubber).
To agree, yield to, admit
Each
One by one
P.
...
..
Green, cold (previously not hot)

Jungle
Pach'ele
Pacha tanni
...
..
Young
...
..
Pachche
Pa da
Pada
436.
...
..
Pacha
Tacha kadu
..
...
..
490.
..
leaf
Cold water
Tattoo
To sing
To cause
(used also with a verb

in Infinitive or Passive) Ps.9.
Padam
...
Pade
...
..
Picture
Bier
...
..
As
Padi
471.
461.
Padi, padi kattu

Padial
Ps.U.
474. Ps.ll.
Padikki
Padikka
Padipu
...
..
...
..
..
416.
...
Padittu kudukka
PSdu
Padukka
Padungn
..
To
..
Knowledge
To
..
Target
..
To
...
..
Jute hessian
..
..
PSi
..
Ps.9.
Paiam
Paiam kudukka
Paiki
Pail
..
..
PSkka 79. 92. 154 229."

Pakka (with another tern m
Paet.
Pakkatile
Paku
P&]
...
423.
*
Puanii
Mad
is
look, see
try,
endeavour
..
Side (adj :)
Side
Aside, at one side
..
Arecanut
..
Milk, latex
..
143. 237. 243. 826.

171.
afraid
Balance, rest
Fellow, boy
To
244
Pakkam
To frighten
Having been
To
476.
Part.)
Fun, joke
Daytime
Bag, carpet
Fear
..
Pakka
down
..
..
Paiti
lie
To cause fear, be afraid

To fear. The Past Participle.
..
...
teach
..
..
Paia
Paianeo kuttu
learn
..
Pagadi
Pa gal
Paiam pada
Steps (flight of)
Because (after verb)

So that, to a step, because Ps.5.
...
493
172.
..
only form in use
COOLY TAMIL.
160
Pal
Palal
(pal-al)
Palagu
Palakarn
499.
Palakam irukka
Palam 15.
Palam
., .
...
.,
...
.,
...
., .
Experience
...
., .
To know
Pal edukka
Pal kudukka
Paluthu pakka
Pallam
388.
Palia, palisi
Palli kudam
To
To
To
Old
School
333
375
..
Pambu
Snake
Panju
Cotton
Famine
Panjarn
Pandi
Pandiarn
Pane
483.
Pangu
Panguni miisam
Pig
Prize
N3
Panna
30!).
415.
Pan
Portion
Pani
Pania, panittu
131. 142. 239..
Panittu poda, panikka
244. ..
..
Twelve
..
Pannirendu
Pantu
Pant'adikruthu
Pant'adikka male
Papati
Par
13. 77.
Param
Param kudukka
March
Dew
Low, under
To lower
To do, make
Funds
Pannam
(a person)
Bridge
Ripe fruit
2G1.
Eubber tappers (milk-people)

Plank
milk, to tap rubber

suckle
repair
Hollow, valley
90.
Tooth
...
(adj
:)
Ball
Tennis
Tennis court
Butterfly
Look
Heavy, weight
!
Paraiam
To give charge of
Age, youth
Para kk a
Pare 363
To fly
Rock
Barber
Pariari
Parittu vetta
Paru
To dig round
Flower bed
Pasam
Moss
Pasu (madu)
Cow
Pasi
Hunger
Pntbam
P:itbc
105.
Pathi
Pathi
451
487.
Pati
Patiram
Pttnatn
Patta
Pa*!anj
Pattam
162.
250
(a thing)
Foot
Path
Home, portion
To
issue fag rice)

About., concerning
Carefully
.
Town
Dead
Army
Tenth
(of treeet
'battalian)
151
Pattathe, patt'ille 289. 226. 306. Not enough

Bark (of tree)
Patte
To shave bark, tap
Patte siva
413.
Patti
Putty
Starving
Pattini
Sixteen
Pattinaru
Eighteen
Pattinettu
numbers
(for
Pattu
Pattu
see para
M.)
Discharge Note
situ
Sin, error
Pavikka
To use
Pound ()
Demon, devil
314
Pavun
Peii
Peichi
Language, talk
Louse
494.
Pein
Pellam 253
Pellam ille
Pellamana
Strong
Weak
Loud, strong
Pen
Wife
Pena
Penjathi
Pen-nai
Bitch
Pen-pandi
Sow
Pensil
Per 191.
Penoil
Name, person
41.
Perambu
Cane
Perantu nal
Peratu
14. 434.
Birthday
Peratu kaleikka
Peratasi masam
To
Muster
Peria, perisi
106. 138. 228.
Peri'amme
(ture)
(lore
Peria kangani
60.
Perile
Perkol
Perkka. peruta
Perkul
Passion fruit
Big, large
Smallpox
Head Superintendent
Head kangani
Impertinent, unruly
Proctor
To turn over
Multiplication
Perfikka
Perumula peaa
Perunal
Pesa
27. 177. 1R4
Pesagn
Pename irnkka
27.
...
To bear, give birth

To multiply
To speak insolently
Penikka
Peaathe
disperse muster
September
Perende pallarn
F<;ri;i
30.
43
Holiday
To speak
Error, mistake
To be silent
Don't
tu Ik
Pea&ii
Devil
P.'tfO
Female
'Hen)
Petti,
petti
(T
of
Box, chest
Parents
Pet tor
Pi
(without debt)
Ten
Pavum
like 'ee')
Excrement
some
animals
(set
COOLY TAMIL.
162
Picha kai
Piche karan
Pidpadu
Pikasu
(for)
402.
hand
After
414.
Pickaxe
Plan
Pilan
Pilakka
Pili
left
Beggar
To
(1st
'i'
split, crack
Spout, pipe
like 'ee')
Pillu
368.
Pillu vetta
378.
Pillu arrikka
Weed
Pin
Back, hind
To weed
To cut grass, reap
(adj.)
Pinal
264.
Crossed, crossing
Pinchu
(adj.)
Young
Pindi
Pingan
Pinna
Pinukku
Pin pakkam
Pipa (T like
Pirakaram
Piraiam
etc.)
To plait
To behind, backwards
Behind, backside of
Cask, barrel
'ee')
Order, method
Age, youth
kudukka
500.
Pirrium
Pirrium irakka
Pitalatam
To divide
To distribute
Wish
To like, wish
Trick
Brass
Pittale
Lawn
Pittene
Jak
Pla,
pallam
Po
Poa
64.
Go away
25. 26. 30. 57. 59. 337 400.
To go
fruit,
Plate
Pirikka
Pirittu
(of leaves,
Behind, late
104.
fruit
!
(see
English
vocal).
'getting')
Poattum
32. 64.
Poda
102. 112. 282.
May
316. 31
intensifies
it
Podi
Podian
go, let go
To put (added
21. 211.
Boy
Except
Poi
Lie, falsehood
449.
Poi, poittu
400.
(adj.)
Poichi (po-achi)
Pb. 13
Poi karan
Poi eolla
Poittn vara
400. 452.
Pokku
Pokku
Pokku
P2.
Very small
Pohe
Poiana
to another verb
meaning)
Having gone
Ealse, untrue
Gone, done, finished
Liar
To
To
lie
return
Excuse
To make excuse
Dry (as seed that
solla
Polapu pesa
-pole (suffix)
Ps.4.
will
not
germinate)
To speak evil
Perhaps, about, almost, as
Polis
Police
Polikka
To crack
Poleikka
Poleipu
Ponal
Pongal
To earn
489.
57.
34.
...
Earnings
...
January boiling
(See para. L.)
327
(tai)
Ponji
Ponkka
249.
Ponu
Ponu kilame
Poragu, peragu
...
..
...
..
...
.,
...
...
I'orukka
(of rice),
Hindu festival in Jan.

Bean
To boil, bubble up
Last (adj.), gone
Last week
Presently, after
To bear, tolerate
To pick over, collect
...
...
...
...
Book
To bury
...
While, whilst
...
Enough
...
Is
Pottal
...
Preosanam
...
Pu
...
Puchi
Puchi marantu
Pudikka
26. 66. 257
Pudikka (nerre)
...
...
Santonine powder
...
Td
To
Pudittu kaai
Pudittu vaikka
...
Porrukka
Postikum
Pothikka
-pothu
187.
398.
296.
(suffix)
Pothum
Pothuma?
125.
...
it enough?
Hole (in a thing)
Advantage
Flower
Insect
hold, catch
take up rows
Recovery
To keep
(money)
Puhe
...
To pull,
Smoke
Puh'ele
...
Tobacco
Pukka
...
...
...
...
Cheetah, tiger
To squeeze
Woman with baby
...
Baby
...
...
Pudinkka
223.
374.
381
Puli
Pulia
Pulle kaii
Pulle
Pulle teittu
Pulli
Puinbale,
Pumi
Pun
pom
(pen-pulle)
379.
Punaku
Pune
Pune kutti
To
pull out
blosson.
Pregnant
390.
Ground
...
...
Sore,
...
Poonac
...
...
nicer
...
...
Brush
...
...
Husband
To smear
Pusal
...
Bushel
Pusanam
...
Mildew
...
...
Prayer
...
...
Pura
Purus
Puvusuan
Pusa
Pusari
Fuse
PutLan kilamo
38.
flower
A dot, spotWoman, wife
Car
Kitten
Pigeon
ITitlm, puHiisi
Piithu kiidu
153
:v.U
>ne
New
New
who prays
clearing
Wednesday
i.&,
COOLY TAMIL.
154
Putti
487.
Puttu
mannu
>.
..
Piitu
Piitu vuikka
...
..
Sense, advice
Ant-heap earth
Lock, padlock
To
Rubber
lock
R.
Kabar
498.
Kail isteisan
497
Rail kochi, kochi
Rail roru
Rait afis
Rangi
Rani
...
..
Rasi
Rasi panna
Rasit
...
..
Ratiri
Ratal
198.
485.
Raval
Ravuu
Raza
Remba
28.
239. 261.
Rendani
Night
Pound
Night
Roti
47. 67. 335."337"
Two
Twins
Two by two, in twos

Reeper
Ready money
Rose
Wheel
Bread, biscuit (rubber)
Rosa pu
Rotbe
(weight)
Twice
Both
443.
Rul kambu
Rvisi
Road
Road metal
To road
Rupee
Ruler
Taste
S.
Sachi
Sadam
Sadal
Sadambu
...
..
Saddair
gadt
settlement
Too, much, very

Second (adj.)
Blood
Double
Round
King
Rettu
Rettu pulle
119.
Rev-endu
Ripe (T like 'ee')
Rokaru
Rotu 25. 26.

Rotu kal
Rotu vetta
20. 122.
Rendu
Rendu neram
Rendu per, rend'al
Rettam
Rua
"
Queen
Compromise
To come to
387."
Resthouse
Proud, assertive
cably
Receipt
Rascal
Raskal
Station
Train, coach
Railroad
Witness
Cent
Saddle
String
Role, law
Plait
ami
155
Rat snake
Sade pambu
Saha
To
To
Sua
362
Saini kilame
Sainton irukka 362
497.
Saintiram
Sak 48. 186
Sakare
Sakku 320. 325
Sakilian
Salade
Salakka
die
lean
Saturday
To be leaning
Evening
Sack
Sugar, jaggerie
Small stone
Sboemaker
Sieve
To
sift
Salli
Cash money
Samasaram
Sami kumba
Information
Sea
Goods, property
To agree
Occasion
At tbat time; on tbat occasion
To perform religious ceremony,
Sami, swami
God
Sampal
Ashes
Pay, wages
Samatarain
Saman
Samatbikka
Sameitham
Sameitile (with autba)
worship
Sampalam
To earn
Jumper (steel)
Sampathikka
Sampar
Samukalam
Samusaram
San
Sande
Carpet
Family
Span (thumb
485.
Sandaram
to index finger)
Fight, disturbance
Moon
To meet
News
Hone
Sandikka
Sangathe
Sane kal
Sangili
Chain
Sangu
Horn
Sani
Dung
Santoeum
Santosuma
Santu vfii
600.
Sapatu
Sapida
Saps
Present, gift
Happy, glad
Shop
485.
Arrack
S;irn<,ni
Dead
Saral
Snranir
Grave]
Sarnnam
Sasa
Saspani
Sata
blowing)
Space between two things

Flat
Boot
To eat, drink
Chaff (food)
Sapati
Sapu
Saraiam
(for
leaves
Hinge
solla
To speak humbly
Saucer
Saucepan
To
shut
COOLY TAMIL.
156
Sathe
...
Flesh (human)
Caste, sort, kiud
At once
Noise
...
To
...
Sathi
487.
...
Satne
47.
...
Sattam 28.
Sattam poda
7.
Satte
...
shout
Coat
Sattiam panna
...
To swear on oath
Satti
...
Pot
...
Cloth, any kind of stuff
483.
Savali
Saval
Savari
...
Cock
...
Exercise, walk
...
Sago
Key, wrench
Advantage
Soap
...
Whip
...
Grevillea tree
...
Mud
Sav'arisi
...
Savi
...
Savikiam
Savukarani
...
Savuku
Savuku inaram
Segadu
Segapu, sevapu
...
Seia
39. 45. 190. 268. 308.
Seikka, serkka
Seitu, sendu
...
...
Bed
To do, make
To put together,
include
Sepu
Together
...To add, put together
... Expenses, stores
...To pass (as time)
... Flea
... Copper
... Brick
... Pocket
Seppanam
...
Dream
Ser
...
Mud
...
Right,
101. 104.
299.
Seitu poda
...
Selavu
Sella
Sellu
Sembu
Sen-kal
Seri
16.
54.
Seri katta
158.
Seri ille
Seria
18. 105.
...
all
right
...To mend, put right
Serrapu
...
Wrong
...
Proper, properly, straight
Setti
...
Sandal
Coconut shell
Dried leaves
Chetty
Settu poa
...
To
...
Tuesday
...
Serrete
425.
Sette 299.
...
...
Seva kilame
Sevapu poa
Sevar
Sevitu
Sike adikka
Sikka
Sikku
Siku poda
...To get red, ferment

...
...
('i'
(V
Sila
Silari
Silari
Silari
Silesu
die
like 'ee')
like 'ee')
...
16.
...To whistle
...To become entangled
... Entanglement
...To put 'sick' (stop day's pay)
...
kadan
kadgani
(as tea)
Wall
Deaf
Some
...
Small change (money)
...
'Outside' debt
...
Sub-kangani
...
Sledge
hammer
455.
Sila vuele
Siletu
Sile (T like 'ee')
457.
Silla
Silve
Sime
like 'ee')
('i'
...
446.
...
Siminti
Sineithan
Sometimes, perhaps
...
Slate
...
Woman's
...
District
...
Cross
Country, coast
...
...
cloth
Cement
...
Friend
Sugar
Singam
...
Lion
Singal-al
...
Sinna
150.
Sinna dore (ture)
...
...
Sinhalese
Small, little
Assistant Superintendent
Sinn'ai
...
Sinna kadu
...
Sinn'amme
...
Sini (1st
...
like 'ee')
'i'
Sinnappan
Sinna sathi
Sinta
487.
301.
Sipu
('i'
like 'ee')
Siru
185.
Sirikka
Siripu
Situ ('i' like 'ee')
Situ ada ('i' like
Siva (T like
Sivantu poa
Siv-uli
(1st
Measles
Uncle
...
Low
...
To
...
Comb
...
...
'i'
...
like 'ce')
...
April
...To shave
...To get red, ferment
... Plane
... Eest, remainder
... Health
... Unwell
...
Sakolati
Note, card
...To play cards
'ee')
413
'ee')
caste
drop, spill
Small
...To laugh
... Laughter
Socham
Sogam
Soâm ille
Sogam aha
To
get well
Cocoa
... Indian corn
... Business
108. 366. 498. ...To say, tell
...
Solan
Soli
Solla 3. 63.
Sol hi
Solugu
Soinara
Sonakain
...
...
masam
Sit iri
Aunt
Undergrowth
J3.
163.
...
Word
...
Winnowing fan
...
Idle, lazy
Delay
...To delay
...
Sunakka
Sonangu poa
Sonapu
480.
Sorn
Sora kai
Sothene
Sothikka
Smln kiidn
...
To be delayed
...
Sharp
...
Rice
(cooked)
...
Gourd
Examination
...
To examine,
...
Burial place
Sfidti
...
Hot, Heat
Sfidu kol
...
Soldering iron
Sul
...
Rug
...
Idle (see para
...
fjnl)
Suma
47.
155.
327.
...
search
L3)
157
COOLY TAMIL.
158
Siimadu
Handkerchief rolled as
Bundle, load
Sume
Siinambu
..
Sund'eli
Surandi
Suranta
Own
Owner
281.
Sunta.
Tin, (noun)
Flag
Scraper
373.
To scrape
Rough
To scratch
Sun
Suri
Suria
Surian
Surrukka
4. 5. 145.
Suta
SutaviLli
Sutta
Butti (adv.)
Quickly
Fraud, trick
To
...
..
...
..
254.
Suttu
dog hia body)
(at a
Siithu
pad
Lime
Mouse
Sunda
Sunda karan
Sundu
280.
shoot
Unguilty
To go round
Kound, around
A drop
T.
Ta
Tachi
Tadame
Tagaram
Tagappan
Cold
450.
Tai
Tai masam
Tai Pongal
Tai pulle
465.
Tai vathu
Tailam
Tiivu seithu
Thirst
Hindu
Relation
439.
Tai
Talapa
...
..
.
.
Tale
Tale
Tale m5lft
roofiing zinc
Mother
January
Takkam
head)
...
(in
Tin (metal),
Father
Taham
Give
Frying pan
festival in
January
Primary
Ointment
Please
Mistake, error
Sheet (of paper)
Talipot
Twigs with leavea on
Head
To menstruate
(the
equivalent
for)
Tale novu
Tale sutta
Talevani
...
..
Tali
Headache
To be giddy
Pillow
Neck ornament
(sign of wed-
lock)
TaUa
182.
331
Tallu
Taluk
Tambi
Tan
Tan
457.
...
.<
To push, move
Get out of the way
District
68. 69. 164. 399. 453.
..
(in India)
brother
Young
Ton
Self, only, just,
lateable)
(often untrans-
Tunda
Tandanam
Tandi
478.
Tandikka
108.
To jump
Punishment
Telegram
To punish
Gold
Tangam
Tangachi
Young
Girth strap
Tangu var
Tankka
To bear,
Water
Watercourse
Tanni
Tanni kan
Tannia
Tannia poda
Tappitham
Tappa 114.
Tappal
Tappu
1.
Tara
Tara
Tare
448.
.
.
2.
421.
Taruma
(adj
:)
Tattapare
Tattan, aeari
Tattu
Taval
Taval kiiran
Taval kanthor
Tavale
353.
Teia
Tei elc 86. 329.
Tei elc totum
Teidi pukka
Teidi
474.
Teikka
Tei
Teiikka
Teiil-karan
I
Tom-tom
To give
Duck
Honoured, trusted
Tuticorin
Goldsmith
Shelf, tray, tat
Post
Frog
office
fixed time for
Nursery
Except
To wear
Tea, tea leaf
Tea
To
Date
To rub
Scorpion
To sew
Tailor
Teinttu poichi
Worn
Ten
Honey
Bee
Tenk-enne
Teppu kallam
Tennam
Tepu
Teram
Terasu
Teria
31.
Teri'ime
159.
Stitch,
sewing
out, rubbed out
Coconut
Coconut oil
Pond, Dam
Continually
Tape
Time
(period)
Scales
To know,
...
out
estate
payment
seek
Teiil
Ten-i
JVn-kai
Camp
Post, tappal
Post cooly
336.
Alone, separate
To segregate
Fault, mistake
To miss
Post, tappal
Floor
To knock, tap
Tavane
Tavarani
Tavira
carry
Tatta
sister
feel
Unknowingly
159
COOLY TAMIL.
160
Do not know
Teriathe 155. 391.
Ignorant person
Teriath'al
I know (to me knowledge)
460.
Terium (yenakku)
Teriuina? teriuthii? 157. 274.... Do you know, understand?
Lime (fruit)
Tesi kai
Better
263. 488.
Tevelea (adj.)
To sprinkle
Thelikka
Fine
Thendam
Tkendam poda
To
fine
Thendikka, thendittu pakk a 324. To try

.. Deity
Thevan
-ti
(di), -ta
(da)
(suffixes)
..
Terms
of familiarity suffixed to
verbs (fem. mas.)
Tinkal kilame
Tini (1st 'i' like
Tini pakka
Tini saman
Tinisu
..
'ee')
,..
..
,..
,..
Tinkka
...
Food
To
taste
Provisions
Species, genua
To eat
...
Paint
Depot, Cooly Agency
To settle a/c
Tiri
...
Wick, bud
Tirpu
...
Verdict
Tirumbi
Tirumbi katta
Tirumbi vara
Tiruppa
...
Again, back
Tirutu pail
...
Tint a
...
Tipau
449. 474.
445.
Tnkka
...
Ti-vali (1st
Toda
Tode
Toge
Toku
109.
'i'
...
To rebuild
To return
To turn
Rogue
To sharpen
To pound (rice)
Hone
Hindu festival dedioitetl
...
goddess of prosperity
To touch
...
Thigh
...
Total
...
Gun
...
Skin, shoulder, leather
...
...
...
250.
Tita (T like 'ee')
Tita (arisi) ('i' like 'ee')
Titu kal ('i' like V)
like
141.
ee')
217.
Tol
Tol
...
...
...
...
Tonde
...
Tongal 206. 399.

Toni
Topal
Topal ele 88. 89. 97. 218
Topi
...
...
...
...
...
Totam
...
Tota'karan
...
Totil
...
Totta
Totta pail
Tovea
Tsbedi,
...
...
...
(chedi)
Appdx. D.
Monday
...
Small drum
Throat
End
Boat
Navel
Fish leaf
Hat, topi
Estate, garden
Garden cooly
Cradle
Useless
Worthless fellow
To repair, temper
Bush
steel
to the
Tuale
Towel
Tuankka
To begin
To rub
Tudeikka
Tukam
Sleep
Tuki kondu po
To carry away
To lift
Tukka
210. 212. 279. 325.
Tukkam
Grief
Tul
Dust
Tulukan
Tumbikai
Mohamedan
Tumbu
Fibre broom
Trunk
katte
Tun
Tundu
Tundu
445.
Tunkka
189.
Glean
To
To
Turesani (doresani)
Turrutu
Tuvali
219.
-ude (suffix)
7J. 251.
140.
(suffix)
Bellows
Towel
...
Top
...
Of (possessive case)
...
...
Fdkara
...
Cdu (for 'vudu')

Hdupu
Ddupu petti
...
...
...
14. 17. 82. 43. 352

...
Olla n
Clothes
Clothes-box
To.
at
(dative case)
Chisel
Snipe
...
Inside,
40.
...
And
(suffixes)
...
Also; neither... nor (after nega-
...
Dumb
408.
ilm
-m
39.
-iim
As soon as
To guess
To sit
House
...
Olu, ullukti
(suffix)
(adv.)
Lady, mistress
499.
tldesikka
fikku (suffix)
Hli
spit
Far, distant
To open
Master, gentleman
Turakka
Ture (dore)
fldane
clean
Far
208.
Ochi
(elephant)
Pillar
Piece, bit, note
Cooly transfer certificate (showing debt)
To sleep
Clothes, rag
Tuni
Tupara
111. 882.
Tupara panna
Tupikka
Tura
Turam
161
into
tive)
Ome
Un 81.
I
'
i <
fi
191. 356.
Ifi2.
...
Your
a]
...
kka
...
To make, cause
...
Your
!Tn,li
Dnga]
Cnni
Unnu
...
93.
Ummkku
117
poa
...
...
single person, without family

to be, form
Tick (insect)
One
To go
to pass urine
COOLY TAMIL.
182
Cnnum
Nothing, none
One by one
Of you, your
ille
Un-unnu
Unude
Unukku
Codu
11"
To you
43. 83.
Shingle
Cadjan
Cole
Cpadesi
Catechist, teacher
Salt
Salt and chillies
Uppu
Cppu-kochi-kai
(i.e.,
provi-
sions)
Craku
Cram
Crafal
Steel
Manure
281. 286.
274.
Manurers
To speak
To burn
Heat (as
Crattu pesa
Creikka
Crepu
Crime
of curry, etc.)
Claim
To
419.
Urruta
Urrut 'ele
Cru
457. 465.
Crua
Urukka
474.
Crukku
loudly
(as curry, etc.)
roll
up
Eolled leaf
Village (in India)
468.
To strip offTo melt

To the village
Runner (wheel)
Crule
50.
Crule kelangn
Potato
Crunde
Round, globular
Csari irnkka
Csi
To be alive
Needle
421.
Cte
Ctha
Uthadu
Utharipoda 207
Dirt
To blow
Lip
To shake up
To help
To kick
To pour out
Cthavi seia
Utheikka
Ctta
Cttu
Spring (water)
High
Cyaram
Vachi
...
Adze
Va.de
Scent, smell
Vide kasi
Vaga maram
Vai
Rent
Vaichi
Vaiale poa
Vaikka, vuda
From (lit. having

To vomit
Albizzia tree
Mouth
88.
112.
142.
To
144. 148. 388. 450.
leave, put, keep
Straw
Vaikal
Vail
Vai mudu
left)
.<.
Paddy field
Shut up
I
TAMIL-ENGLISH VOCABULAKY.
Vai-nir
(vani)
...
Saliva
Hard
wood), diamond
Vairam
...
Yairu
Vaisu
...
...
Vaitale poa
Vaitian
...
...
Vaitu
Vaitu kadapu
Vaitu valli
...
...
...
Dysentery
Stomach ache
Val
Val
Val karan
Valakka
Yalaku
Valakam, valame
Valata
Valantu
150.
Vala pallam
150.
Valara
Valathu pakkam
Vale
...
Tail
...
Saw
...
Sawyer
...
To
...
Case (court)
Custom
Valeikka (kan)
...
...
...
Year, age
To purge
Native doctor
Stomach
rear (from young)
Tall
High,
...
...
...
310. 328...
(of
Stomach
...
(of persons)
tall
Banana
To grow
Bight side
Net
To
(also for tennis net)

clear out drains, to bend
round
Valeivu
405. 424.
Vali
Vali
Vali selavu
446.
...
...
glass bracelet, a curve
Bucket
Way, path
...
Travelling expenses
Valli
Pain
Vallikka
To pain, hurt
To slip
Bamboo
Valukka
Vambu
Vanam
Sky
Vanda
247.
Vandanam
Don't want
258. 272
Thanks
Vandi
...
Vandris
Bicycle
Boundary
385.
Vandu
Vanga
Beetle
52
To buy,
Bank
376.
Vangi
Vanji
Two
111.
get
leaves without a bud
Vangu
Bank
Vanis
Varnish
Van-koli
Turkey
Vannan
Var
Vara
Washerman,
119.
Belt,
9.
7.
16.
60.
62.
pfilu
'dhobi'
strap
Gradually,
in
time
Credit balance
Bow,
Vari
Varisia nilln
Vir
money)
To come
Viira-vara
Vara kasi
varikom
(for
63
169.
(suffix)
rule
Stand in a row, regularly

117. 468.
163
Until,
Buckle
till
COOLt TAMIL.
164
Varantu
476.
...
Warrant
Varra'kiidu
Varrichi
...
Steep place
...
Lath (wood)
132.
Varu
Vara neram
...
Varum vaikka
Varraturu
Vasal
Vasal kuti
...
Coming, next
Next time
To credit
...
Difficult
...
Threshold
...
304. 383.
...
Vasani
...
Vasam
...
Vasane
Vasikka
456.
...
Smell
...
To read
Vate
...
Vatham
...
VathU
Vathu
129. 234. 252.
...
...
Branch
...
Vatta
...
Vedikka
Vedi sattarn
Vedi marantu
Veha
371.
Vegam, vegama
...
Schoolmaster
Batta (daily expenses)
Interest (money)
...
To
crack, sprout up
...
Explosion
Blasting powder
To burn
...
...
258.
Goose
Eheumatism
Answer
Vatier
Vatti kaai
Sweeper
Good smell
House
...
Fast, quickly
Veiasi rnasam
...
May
Veidike
...
Veidu
...
Veiil
272.
...
Sun
Veile
57. 87. 190. 394.
...
Work
Veile-kadu
...
Working field
To look after work
To work
To leave work
Worker
...
Prostitute
...
...
Cholera
Purgative
...
Man's
...
Veile pakka
92.
Veile seia
39. 390.
Veile viida
394.
Veile-karan
Veisi
Veithi
Veithi marantu
Veiti
Vekkara
...
...
...
...
Vekkam
irukka
...
Velagu
Velankka
194.
Velankrutha ?
...
Velank'ille
...
Vele
a da
. . .
...
91.
...
Veli
Vellia
Vellia
Vellana
Velli
412.
anupa14.
Do you understand?
Do not understand
To play
...
...
White
...
Out, outside
...
cloth
Shame
To be ashamed
Get away
To understand
Fence
Light
...
Velicham
VeUe
(month)
Show, play
Sport, hunt
To
dismiss, send
...
Early
...
Silver,
10 cents
away
165
Vendiuth'irukka
To wash clothes, whiten

To require
To be necessary
Vendiuthu
Venkai
Wants, requires
Onion
Yelukka
Vendia
434.
491.
472. 491. 495
Venne
Butter
Venum
Venum
25. 94. 358
(onuni)
endal
Venum, avan unakku enna?

Ver
341.
Veragu
Vere
Vere unnum ille
Verodu pudinkka
Verrita
Must, want
If
want
How
iB he related
Root
Firewood
to
you?
Different, another
Nothing else
To root out
To drive away
47.
Verve
Vevere 19.
Vevere poda
Versa
Perspiration
Separate, apart
To separate
Vetham
Religion
Christian
Bapidly
Vetha'karan
Vethe
379.
Seed
Vethene
Pain
Vetta
248. 254. 380. 382. 429 To cut, to tap (rubber), to
prune
Vettu
A cut
361.
Vett'ele
Betel
Vettu
Bill hook
Illness
katti
Viathi
Vidia
Vidinttu kalam
Vikain ('i* like
Vikka
('i'
To dawn
Vilu
Swelling
*ee')
like
Vikkal
('i' like
Vilaku
Vilak'enne
Vilatu
Vilatu korulu poa
Vile
Vileikkj
ee')
To
'ee')
Hiccough
Castor oil
Exercise
To take out for exercise
Price, cost
To buy
Copy
Bainbow
To boast
To swell
like 'ee')
Villu
Vimbu
pesa
Yinkka
('i'
like 'ee')
Viranta
Virantadi
Verandah
Guest
Fasting
Finger
Viratham
Virral
Virrikka, virrittu
172. 214.
poda
152
To spread
Empty
Yirrnm
Visa
259.
Vigarane
sell
Lamp
vanga
('i'
(day)
Dawn
('i'
like
'ee')
To throw
Enquiry
out
COOLV TAMIL.
!66
Visarikka
...
Visham
...
Visi poda
174. (1st
'i'
like 'ee).
Visuvasam
Vitesam
...
...
To enquire
Poison
To throw away
Belief, faith
...
Defect, error, difference

Glass (drinking)
Vizala, viyala kilame
...
Thursday
Voku
...
...
Culvert
Bottle
...
To
To
...
...
Vithuru
Yivararn
('i'
like 'ee')
Explanation
Votal (botal)
Vuda 257 284. 393. 488
Vuttu poda
;
Vudu, udu
Volua
362.
(Some
Yar
of these
71. 377.
let
go
House
To fall
words appear elsewhere without the

...
Who
...
...
Whom
...
...
388.
Yare
Yarum
leave, allow
(seri)
Yat
...
...
Yedu
...
...
?
?
Whoever, anyone
Yard
Page
Yeikka
...
...
To cheat
Yeini
...
...
Ladder
Yeitam
...
...
Yeitatile
Yellan
...
Yelli
Yellia
Yelu
Yeluwathu
...
Steep
Descent,
...
Young
>
...
...
...
...
...
...
Yembikka
...
...
Yembanan
...
...
Ye, (yen)
Yen
270. 888.
Yene, yenei?
Yenendal
478.
Yengal
Yengalukkn
Yengalude
Yentiram
Yeppadi
181. 296. 440
76.
Yeppo
76.
Yeppothum
Yeppotbnm ille
Yera
Yerangu poa
Yerangu kile
Yerichi
Yesa
Yethxr
161
...
...
Me, meV
...
Because
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
'.'.'.
...
,
To prove
Proof
...
...
76.
Seven
Seventy
Why
My
...
455.
Eat
Poor
...
...
61. 68. 468.
...
...
...
...
...
down
Us
To na
Of us, our
Engine
How?
When?
Always
Never
To climb
To ascend
To descend
...
...
...
...
Meat, beaf
...
...
To blame
..
...
Oppoaite
hill
initial
T")
TAMIL-ENGLISH
VOCABULARY'.
To
i'ethukkn pudikka nerre
take op rows at oppoeite
ends
Yetha
Which?
To reach
78.
221
Yetta
Yettu
469.
Yevalo?
Yevalo neram? (kalam)
Yidu vaikka
Yoaikka
Eight
451.
How much?
How long?
To pawn
To consider
167
COOLY TAMIL.
168
POSTSCRIPT.
1.
Past Particles ending in -ttu and wards formed from

them, as Past Tenses and Adjectives, are usually pronounced -elm or -chi. The -ttu is retained in spelling in
order to distinguish them easily from other words as
(<o
being verb-formations, thus assisting

cognising the different parts of speech
the
when
student in reseen in print.
(b) The tense terminations of the verbs have been spelt

-kren and -kruthu, etc., in preference to the really correct
-kiren, -kirathu, as the cooly does not pronounce the
and 'a' sound.
distinct
This occurs also in other
words. In the termination -athu (uthu) will be recognised
'athu...it;
in
also
-an...(av)an,
he;
-al...(av)al,
she.'
(See Appendix.)
Some high
and those who can read and write,

grammatical Tamil.
The
caste coolies,
pronounce more according to

student can pick this up by practice.
often
2.
ALSO.
translated by the suffix -TJM in the same

it is not repeated. Thus
I said that also, athium nan sonen.
This also is not correct, ithium seri ille.
way
'This
is
as for 'and' except that
He went
also, avanum ponan.

Yes, there are alavangas there as well
ami, alavang'um
irukruth'ange.
3.
ALTHOUGH.
-ALUM
This is translated by adding

to
the stem of the Past tense (D2). Thus
Although he said that you must not believe it avan appadi
sonalum ni athe namba viinda.
Although he speaks thus will it be true'? avan ippadi
:
pesnalum nisam irukuma?

Although he, blames you it does not matter, you keep quiet
avan une yesnalum kariam ille, ni un patile pesame iru.
Though he will %ave said that, it is> )a lie avan athe
soll'iruntaluin
1.
poi tan
S2).
(see
ABOUT, ALMOST, NEARLY.

-POLE suffixed to any part of
These are translated by

speech.
Thus :
It is nearly dead
athu settuthu-pole tan.
He is nearly dying avan saruthu-pole tan.
There are about fiTe mamotiea mamati anji-pole irukruthu.
It is almost finished
athu mudinttu-pole irukruthu.
He is almost 70 years old avanukku yeluwathu viiisn-pole
irukruthu.
The wall is about ten feet high sevar patt'adi-pole osaram
IT
CAN AlSO MEAN
pole soi.
'AS'
Do
as
you wishuu pirium*
POSTSCRIPT.
ORDER THAT, SO THAT
IN
This can
No. 11).
(see
'PADPKKT
be translated by
Future (Jl
J2)
After a negative it
;
Thus
169
and
is
l
means
preceded by the Impersonal

a very usual form of speech.
in order not to,' 'so as not to.'
I gave the money so that he should not run away avan odi
poathe padikki kasi kuduten.
I sent Ramasamy to the General Hospital so that he should
get well Ramasami sogam ahum padikki Peria Aspatirikki anupunen.
Cut the drain so that the water does not flow that way
tanni appadi odathe padikki kan vettu.
I sent the kangani to the coast in order that he should brin
new coolies puth'al kondu varum padikki kangani simeikki anupunen.
I wrote a telegram to the Labour Commissioner in order
that Arulappan might get money there Arulappan ange
kasi ednkum padikki Tipau doreikki oru tandi eluthinen.
THE PAST PARTICIPLE

all
is
always used in Tamil with

is used in English.
tenses where the conjunction 'and'
Thus
I will go and tell nan poittu solluven,

will tell).
You go and see ni poittu par.
(lit
I having gone
He
He
avan poittu vantan,

he went and came).
will return avan poittu varuvan.
this way and bring a fork oru niullu eduttu ippadi va.
returned
(i.e.,
Generally when a sentence in English has several finite

verbs (i.e., verbs not dependent on each other to make
complete sense) they should. all be rendered in Tamil by
thf-Past Participle, except the last one which should close
the sentence.
QUOTATION. This
is
word 'enm,' having

say) with the use
said 'I will
He
He
He
said
said
'I
(Past. Part,
of the 1st person.
Thus
sonan.
tkki kafluten entu sonan.
to master
athe doreikki kuduten
tu
gave it to
he gave
that
by the addition of the

of verb Vna.' to
rendered
said
it
entu sonan.
She said that she would come to muster

entn aval sonuthn.
Tf ho said ho was coming
varuven
HE WHO, THAT WHICH,

'1
peratukku
varuven
entu sonal.
etc. Relative
f
i
clauses are
used adjectivally
be pronoun. Thi*
Thus
everj -day cae,
tenses)
1
>
it
He who
bae
not
rere
is
in
knifi
lifferent
work
katti
be-without-a-knife).
veilikki ponuthu (lit
aitham illath'al
have no tool Bhould go to plncli
koluntu cdukka poattnm.
Wher<
ho pruned tl
intha maram vettn'avan
illath'avan
COOLY TAMIL.
170
now is Suppaia ippo

is coming along the road
rotodu varuth'avan Suppaia tan.
Who is that who is going to the hungalow? Bangalaukku
poruth'avan ar?
She who weeds this contract intha kontrapu pillu vet-
He who
truth'aval.
He who
those things
stole
is
a thief
cooly)
(caste
antha
saman kalavu edutt'avan kalian (sathi al).

Call him who is standing there ange nikruth'avan kupidu.
yene kupituthu avan.
(It is) he who called me
9.
PASSIVE VOICE,
or,
by using the verb
To cause
PAD A,
to
be.This
translated
is
to suffer, in all its tenses after
a verb in the Infinitive, but it cannot always be employed

for the translation of the English Passive (F. Footnote).
Thus
He
has been told by me avanukku nan

caused it to be known to him)
I made him do it (I caused him to do it)
teria paten
atho
-,<]'
paten.
(J
avanukku
Palaniai is being blamed Palaniai yesa padruthu.

She is being beaten aval adikka padruthu.
This child is (being) afraid pulle paiam padruthu.
He must
be told avanukku solla pad'onum.

Don't be afraid paiam padathe, or, paiam pada kudathe.
To be done seia pada.
He will be beaten avan adikka paduvan.
He will have been beaten avan adikka patt'irupan.
I was called kfipida patten.
Must be called kfipida pad'onum.
10.
ON ACCOUNT
-INALE.
On account
OF,
Thus
BY. This
is
translated
woman
of that
he ran away
antha
bv
suffix
pumbaliniile
avan odi ponan.
On
in
account of the amount of rice issued there was

pathintt'arisi
laiatile
the
lines
kanakinale
row
sande
iruntuthu.
lot of weeds in her contract, on account of that
aval kontrapile micham pillu iruntuthu
I put coolies on
athinale (nan) al potten.
Because of the manure the weeds prow very fast uratinale
pillu micham vehama valaruthu.
On acount of the dirt the. coolies get ill ilteinale algal sogam
There were a
ilia
Take
Dig
me
porutlm.
athe kaiinale cdu.
that up by hand
the earth by (using) a mamoti mamatinale
vettu.
Go by
to
11.
manna
the road rotodu po (not 'rotinale' as the meaning

go in 'company with' the road as it were). A4.
BECAUSE OF
translated
by
(pertaining
'PADTKKI'
to
an
aft.
action).
This can be
any tense of the verb,
(see No. 5).

Because of what you are doing I stop your
padikki un arigi nipatren.
is
Ni
rice
seiruthu
POSTSOKIPT.
171
I allowed him to go to the Coast because of what the kangani

said kangani sonuthu padikki avane urukku poa vuduten.
what you did
I fined you because of

une thendain potten.
ni
seithuthu padikki
'Padial' can also be used in the above sentence; also with
negative
Because you do not do
When
it
athe
ni seiathe padial.
auxiliary 'IBUNT5.L,'
is often translated by
noun or adverb. Thus
12.
the
Tamil, 'IF'
omitted in
placed after a
is,'
'if
is
'ANAL'
If
why
so
is)
(it
does he remain on
appadi
the estate
anal ye totatile nikran?

the row was like that I will fine the kangani
appadi anal kangani thendam poduven.
If
If
is)
(it
all
right
may
you
do
it
athu
sande
nallathu anal ni
seiattum.
If
he is the Head Kangani you cannot do anything

peria kangani anal ni unnum sei'elathe.
Anal can also be added
If
BECOME, GET.To
Thus
It
(See L3)
to the future tense.
you will take ni eduputh'anal.

he will go avan povuthu anal.
If
13.
avan
is getting
ruthu.
'ShV
is
translate
late
neram authu
pronounced as
'at'
but like 'aehV otherwise.
He
has become a grown
verb 'aha.'
or
(CI.)
when used
neram
ahi
po-
before another word,
(F3).
man now ippo avan
(big)
peri'al
vantuthu.
ai
The
these use the
fruit will soon
become ripe
kai surrukka pallat 'authu,
or, pallat ai poruthu.
He
is
getting used to the
new work puthu
ukku palakam ai poruthu.

"He has got used to the work
veileikki
veileikld
avan palakam
poichi (ahi poi achh.
mwham neram ai poichi.

has got very late
Another use of 'authu' is with numerals
Kend'iinthu
second.
It
Mun 'authu
third,
etc.
(under) boy rend'authu podian.

The assistant clerk rend'authu klark.
The assistant agent rend 'rinthu egent.
Used as adverbs :
Thirdly mun 'authu
Fourthly mil authu. Etc.
Whichever eth 'authu.
However eppadiauthu. Etc.
Second
avan-
Etc.
ai
COOLY TAMIL.
172
14.
REPETITION often denotes continuity, thus :

Pull on the rope all the time as you come along
Ni
vara
vara kavuru puditt'illu.
He
will gradually go on getting more

athium sogam illame povuthu.
You must keep on
pulling
it
Avan
ill
vara vara
Athe ni illutV illuttu pod'onum.
P2.
Every week 1 go on giving a little Kilame kilame nan

konjam konjam kudukren.
Go on putting (it in) little by little Konjam konjam pottu
pottu va.
It is
no good continually talking about
pesi pesi mudiathe
won't
(lit
about
it
it
Athe
pati oiame
unceasingly having spoken
finish).
He
continually talks about nothing and does no

suma pesi pesi veile seiruth'ille.
work
Avan
Repetition also denotes each, every, etc:
Full pay each month
Kanganies
must
walk
Mas an mdsam mulu sampalam.

about to every row. Kanganimar
nerreikki nerreikki aleinttu po'onum.
173
APPENDIX.
A.
plural of nouns and pronouns
The
Thus
to the singular.
is
formed by adding -gal
(plural).
(plural), also
'you' (singular).
Une you (obj.); ungale you (plur.), also polite
also polite for 'he.'
Avar they,
Al person algal people.

Podiau boy podiangal boys.
Nan I; nangal we.
Ni you (vulg. form) ningal you
Ni you (vulg. form); ningal you
;
B.
for
for
'you'
is
(obj.)
sing,
polite
The
full form of spelling of the verb is as follows.
terminationsen, Si. an, al, athu, oin, irkal, arkal, ar
are the same- for all tenses and verbs.
The
Present tense of Irukka, to be.

I
Nan
am
You
He
Ni
are
Avan
is
She
You
irukirau
Aval irukirai
is
Athu irukiratha
Nangal irukirom
It is
We
irukiren
irukirai
are
are
Thej arc
Ningal irukirirkal
Avangal irukirarkal *
They
Avar irukirar
are
(also polite f for 'he is')
I have heard all these used by coolies

Note.
(with
exception of 'ningal irukirirkal') and also in other teuses
the
and
verbs.
t
In use by coolies speaking of a superior.

Used by coolies and often pronounced irukiraha.
There arc several suthxes applied tu words by coolies expressing a polite or honorific form of speech to a superior.
Some of these are as follows and should be carefully noted
as they are rather misleading to the beginner.
anga,
Sir
-ilo,
-ingala?
am 'anga.
No,
'anga.
Yes, there
ama, irukruth'anga.
Do
like this,
ippadi Bei'anga.
No,
May I put this here? Nan ithe inge podat

May I go? nan poat 'ingala?
Master dorei
Don't cut that,
athe vettath'anga.
Yes,
sir
sir
ill
is,
sir
sir
it
bit
ille'ile.
'ile.
(sir)
'ingala.
APPENDIX.
174
There are also some
suffixes coolies use amongst themselves

denoting familiarity or equality which should be avoided
Such as -da, -di; -angada (anga da) -ra, -ri, etc.
Poda, poangada, for po go.
Vada, for va come.
Vadi come thou (feminine).
Pori go thou (feminine).
D.
Edura,
for edu take.

Odura, for odu run.
Vangada, for va come.
Yenda?, for ye? why.
Ennada,
Compare
for
enna?
what?
Odia, an admissible contraction for 'odi va (having

Edutta, for eduttu va,
run come, i.e., come running).
having taken come, having taken give (tara,
or, eduttu ta
Etc.
to give).
:
INDEX.
About
Always
A, an
Ps.4.
And
B.
L.2.
A3 (Note
J3.
Another
Accent
Adjectives
Demonstrative
Comparison of
,,
,,
Nouns used
,,
as
A.
B.
0.
LI.
B2.
Adverbs
Agency, Oooly
LI; L2.
'-ska'
L3.
Sentences Page 66.
Almost
Ps.4.
Also
Pa. 2.
Although
Pb.3.
A3 (Note
Antha
Appendix
As
As soon as
B.
'-athe'
D2(Note
Auxiliary Verb
A3.
Page
A3;
Become
Big
B.
By
A4(Note
Can
H.
Cannot
Colloquialisms
HI.
Page
Comparison of Adjectives
Consonants (doable)
LI.
A.
Contractions
Page
Page
...
Names
Week
1).
S2.
Ps.ll.
Ps.13.
Coolies'
2).
173.
Pa.4.
Be, to
Because of
Days,
2).
1);
Pb. 10
77.
77.
74.
Double
Double '%'
Draining
N2.
D2(Note 1); Hi.
A4(Note 2).
F(Note 1); Ps. 1.
Sentences Page 50
Each
J3;
-ellam
B2(Note
N.
Page 89.
Do
not
Etcetera
English-Tamil Vocabulary
Ps.14.
1).
INDEX.
Familiar Speech
Filling
Appendix D.
Sentences Page
For
T.
Fractions
Ml.
From
63.
A4.
Future
...
Exceptions to rule
Impersonal ...
,,
Perfect
..
G.
G(Note
J.
Gender
Gerund
Get
Al.
Had
F2.
Have, to
Having been
L.
He who
1).
3H; J2.
Nl.
Ps. 13.
A3;
(relative)
S2.
Ps.8.
...
How many
Fl.
L3;
If not
L3(Note).
L3(Note).
'-illate'
Dl.
Imperative
Impersonal Future ...
Impersonal Past Tense
Infinitive
Initial a, e,
In fact
i,
...
Ps.12.
J1;J2.
F3.
Bl.
C(Note).
S2(Note
1.)
In order that
In order to
Ps.5
Jnst
S.
'Kitta'
Kolla
Footnote Page 15.

P2.
'L' final
'L,' Double
A.
A4(Note
Manuring
Sentences Page 69,
Nl.
Many
'-maten,'
'-matathe'
May
Months
More
Must
,..
2).
N.
Gl.
X.
N3.
N.
H.
Muster
Sentences Page 47.
Much
N.
Karnes, Coolies'
Page 74
Nearly
Necessary
Negative
HI.
A3; B2(Note
Never
Ps.4.
...
..
L2.
2).
(
Gl.
INDEX.
Nobody
Nouns, Inflexion
of
...
as Adjectives
Plural of
used
,,
,,
Now
L2.
Al.
B2.
Al
Appdx
A.
E.
M.
Numbers
Ml.
Ordinal
.,
Objective Case
Object, Position of
Al(c).
...
Of
Old
On
A3 (Note
A4.
B.
1).
account of
'-onum'
Ordinal numbers
Other
Ps.10.
HI (Note).
Ought
K.
Ml.
J3.
Own
S.
Passive
Past Definite
Past Participle
Ps.9; F3.
F.
,,
,,
D;
with Imperative
Past Tense
Past Tense, Impersonal
Ps.6.
Dl.
D2.
pa
Paying Coolies
Examp M.
Planting
Plucking
Sentences Page 61.

Sentences Page 50.
F2.
Pluperfect
Plural
'poda'
-ponal
Al; Tl; Appdx.

L3<Note
Appendix
Polite Speech
Possessive
Postscript
Present Tense
Present Participle
Prepositions
Pronouns
Omission
,,
Pronounciation
Pruning
Put, to
Questions
Quotation
Recruiting
Relative Clauses
Rice (Issuing)
Rubber
Same
A.
P2.
of
AHXote
Page
...
1).
and C.
3).
168.
CI; Ps.l(b); Appdx. B.

Dl(Note 2).
A4.
...
A2; 02.
A2(Note
1).
A.
Sentences Page 57.
P2.
CI (Note
1).
Pe.7.
Si
i,i.
mi
Page
66.
Pb.8.
Examples
to
Ml.
Sentences Page 64.

R.
Pelf
8.
Sentences
Pages 47-70.
INDEX.
iv
B.
Small
Should
So that
E.
Ps.5.
J3.
Ps.l(a).
Some
Spelling
Subject, Position of
Subjunctive Mood
Suma
A3(Note
K.
L2(Note
Tamil-English Vocabulary
131.
'T' (double)
F(Note
-'tan'
S2.
...
...
1).
1).
1); Ps.l.
Tapping (rubber)
Sentences Page 64.
Than
LI (Note
That, this (adj :)

(Pronouns)
,,
,,,
C.
C2.
That much
Fl.
The
A3(Note
Titles
Tl.
Time
Tipping
2).
2).
P.
Sentences Page
A4.
(tea)
To
Too much
...
N.
'U' final
Until
B(Note
-'venum'
Verbs
Conjugation
,.
HI (Note).
P3.
1).
Page
Page
of
78.
64.
Bl.
A3 (Note
P2.
1).
-ude
A4(Note
3).
Verb, Auxilliary
A3.
L2.
,,
,,
Infinitive of
Position of
...
Eeflexive
Very
Vocabularies
...
Eng :Tamil
Tamil-Eng
Vowels
Short
52.
Page
Page
...
89.
181.
A.
A.
Weeding
Sentences Page 62
When
P1;E.
While
PI.
Who, which?
.,
relative
Will
Will not
Will have
Without
With
Words
Yea
E.
G2;
pronouns
...
Pb.8.
G.
Gl.
J.
T(Note
1).
A4.
alike
Page
71.
A3; B2(Note
2).
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THE LIBRARY

TEA and RUBBER ESTATES.

SPECIALLY ARRANGED FOR PLANTERS AND

Digitized by the Internet Archive

with funding from

Then again, by repeating the values of the vowels on each

often difficult to distinguish, so in order to obviate having

Further, I have tried to keep the ending vowel, or syllable,

point out that the discrepancies in pronunciation among

The grammar section is short and simple, and if once read

The Vocabularies (English-Tamil and Tamil-English) contain

In the Sentences I have given reference numbers to

consider suggestion for improvements

Words Alike yet Dissimilar

Contractions and Colloquialisms

in English with the

DOUBLE CONSONANTS have been avoided. Where they

* 'Hundred' as used colloquially

Put (as 'e' in hundred* when final).

REFERENCES ARE TO PARAGRAPHS.

a simple rule for finding the

which Tamil Words

(as spelt in this

book) should be divided

into Syllables, for accurate pronunciation without a tonic

words and mark them

easy to read correctly at sight.

Start by looking at the end of the word.

Rule 2, If the word ends in a vowel; (a) mark the vowel

two vowels together as one vowel. When

Treat the first pair

Treat words coupled by an apostrophe as two words,

ru/thu, et/ta/ne, a/va/ne, a/thu, vett/nu/thu, 2 vett/nuV

Examples to Rule 3. El/lam,

ne/ram, ve/num, ku/du/kat/tum, e/du/ka/ma/ten, a/pu/ram, vftit/t'e/du/ka/the 3

3. Nan i/ruk/ren, ni i/ruk/ru/thu, nan/

C 1 Nan ma/lik/ki va/ren. Ni ko/lun/tu

in/tha ma/lik/ki sak

Taken from H 1 Nan ip/po

To/pal e/le vait/t'e/du/ka/the (imagine dropped vowel '' =

There is no 'tonic' accent, every syllable having

vowels but not to syllables. EVERY LETTER, MUST

of all parts of speech,

gonal pronouns, can be

tion of suflixps) are

noun (apart from addi-

change it into 't' before

When^a word ending in a vowel precedes one

To form the objective case (also of pronouns) 'e' is

vowel, (but this

2. Pronouns. The plural forms can

Ivan, ival, ithu, etc a r e used when the pronoun rcfors to

above can all be omitted before the verb

only one verb for 'TO BE'

formed from the Imperative, Iru, be, by adding

you, they are...

Avan, aval, athu irukruthu

(3te Appendix B. for grammatical form of plural.)

Don't pronounce this as in the English

You have (po-

Note. 1. THE SUBJECT OF THE VERB IS PLACED

'Irukka' means 'to have', ivith a noun ending in

When Irukka means

without altering the sense.