Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Caringbah High School

2014
Trial HSC Examination

Mathematics Extension 1
General Instructions

Total marks 70

Reading time 5 minutes

Working time 2 hours
Write using black or blue pen
(Black pen is preferred)

Section I Pages 2 4
10 marks
Attempt Questions 110
Allow about 15 minutes for this
section

Board-approved calculators
may be used
A table of standard integrals is
provided at the back of this
paper
In Questions 1114, show
relevant mathematical
reasoning and/or calculations

Section II Pages 5 8
60 marks
Attempt Questions 1114
Allow about 1 hour and 45
minutes for this section

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Question 1 - 10 (1 mark each) Answer on page provided.

1)

The remainder when P x 2 x3 x 2 5x 3 is divided by x 1 is:

A)

2)

3)

B)

C)

1 1 x
tan
c
3
3

D)

dx is given by:

2
3 x
A)

tan 1 3x c

B)

C)

1 1
tan 3x c
3

D)

Given the function f x : y

1
x
tan 1
c
3
3

2
, then its inverse function
x 1

f 1 x in terms of x is given by:

4)

A)

2x
x

B)

x 1
2

C)

2x
2

D)

2x
x

C)

sin3x
is equal to:
x0
x
lim

A)

B)

1
3

D)

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

5)

6)

7)

The solution to the equation 3x 1 5 is given by:

A)

ln 5
1
ln 3

B)

ln 5
1
ln 3

C)

ln 3
1
ln 5

D)

ln 3
1
ln 5

The general solution to the equation 2sin 3 is given by:

C)

k 1

B)

k 1

D)

2 k

If two of the roots of 2 x3 gx2 hx 8 0 are 1 and 2, the other root is:

A)

8)

A)

B)

C)

D)

If f x sin 2 3 x , then f 0 is equal to:

A)

2cos 3

B)

2sin 3 cos 3

C)

2sin 3 cos 3

D)

6sin 3 cos 3

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

9)

x
The graph of y 3cos 1 is:
2

A)

B)

C)

D)

10)

P
AP is a diameter of the circle.
If APB = 40, then PAB is:

B
A

A)

60

B)

40

C)

50

D)

not enough information

END OF MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Section II
60 marks
Attempt all questions 1114
Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section
Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.
In Questions 1114, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning
and/or calculations.

Question 11 (15 marks) Start a NEW booklet.

Marks

2x
3 .
x 1

a)

Solve

b)

Find the acute angle between the lines x 2 y 3 0 and 3x y 6 0 .

[Answer to the nearest degree]

c)

Use the substitution t tan

to express 1 tan tan

as a fraction

in simplest form.

sin

x dx .

d)

Find

e)

Given that a root of y 3x ln x 1 lies close to x 0.4 , use Newtons method

once to find an improved value of that root correct to 2 decimal places.

f)

Solve cos 2 cos where 0 2 .

g)

i)

Write down the expansion of sin A B .

ii)

Hence show that sin15

6 2
.
4

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Question 12 (15 marks) Start a NEW booklet.

a)

Marks

The variable point 3t , 4t 2 lies on a parabola.

Find the cartesian equation of this parabola.

b)

Find the domain of y ln sin 1 x .

c)

Consider the function f x

3x
.
x 1
2

i)

Show that the function is odd.

ii)

Show that the function is decreasing for all values of x.

iii)

Neatly sketch the graph of f x

3x
showing clearly the
x 1
2

equations of any asymptotes.

d)

e)

Use the substitution u x 2 to evaluate

11

x
x 2
2

dx

At time t hours after an oil spill occurs, a circular oil slick has a radius

of r kilometres, where r t 1 1.
Find the rate at which the area of the slick is increasing when the
radius is 1 kilometre.

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Question 13 (15 marks) Start a NEW booklet.

Marks

a)

3
Find the exact value of cos sin 1 .
4

b)

i)

Given that A 0 and 0

, show that when cos x sin x

is expressed in the form A cos x , that A 2 and

ii)

c)

Hence solve cos x sin x

2
.

1
for 0 x 2 .
2

A cake is cooling after being taken out of the oven. The surrounding temperature
in the room is 20C.

At a time t minutes, its temperature T decreases according to the equation

dT
k T 20 where k is a positive constant. The initial temperature
dt

of the cake immediately after removal from the oven was 180C and it
cools to 120C after 5 minutes.

i)

Show that T 20 Aekt is a solution to

dT
k T 20 , where
dt

A is a constant.

ii)

Find the values of A and k.

iii)

How long will it take for the cake to cool to 60C?

(Answer to the nearest minute)

Question 13 continues on the next page

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Question 13 continued.

d)

Marks

The two points P 2ap, ap 2 and Q 2aq, aq 2 are on the parabola x 2 4ay .

i)

Show that the equation of the tangent at P is given by y px ap 2 .

ii)

The tangents at P and Q meet at T.

Show that T has coordinates a p q , apq .

iii)

P and Q move in such a way that POQ is always 90. ( O is the origin).

Show that pq 4 .

iv)

Hence deduce the locus of T.

End of Question 13.

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Question 14 (15 marks) Start a NEW booklet.

a)

Marks

The polynomial P x 4 x3 kx 6 has x 3 as a factor.

Find the value of k and express P x in the form

b)

x 3Q x .

In the diagram below, AB is the diameter of the circle centre O, and BC is

tangential to the circle at B.
The line AD intersects the circle at E and BC at D. The tangent to the circle at E
intersects BC at F.
Let EBF = and EDF = .

NOT TO SCALE

Answer this question on the page provided

i)

Prove that FED

ii)

Prove that BF = FD.

Question 14 continues on the next page

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Question 14 continued.

c)

Marks

Prove by Mathematical Induction that

1 3 2 32 ............. n 3n

2n 1 3 n 1 3
4

where n is an integer, n 1 .

d)

v = 40

80

An arrow fired from ground level at a velocity of 40 m/s, is to strike the ground
80 metres away as shown in the diagram above.

i)

Show that the vertical and horizontal displacement equations are given

respectively by: y = 40tsin 5t and x = 40tcos. (Assume g = 10 m/s)

ii)

Hence, find the two angles at which the arrow can be fired.

END OF EXAM
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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Candidate Name/Number: _____________________________________

Multiple choice answer page. Fill in either A, B, C or D for questions 1-10.

This page must be handed in with your answer booklets

1.

6.

2.

7.

3.

8.

4.

9.

5.

10.

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

Question 14b (additional diagram) Candidate Name/Number: _________________________________

NOT TO SCALE

Hand this page in inside the Question 14 booklet

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Caringbah High School 2014 Extension 1 Trial HSC

STANDARD INTEGRALS

Page | 13

CHS

YEAR 12 EXTENSION 1 2014

Multiple Choice Section:

TRIAL HSC SOLUTIONS

Question 6.

1.C

2.D

3.A

4.D

5.A

6.B

7.A

8.B

9.B

10.C

sin

The remainder is given by P 1

Acute angle

k 1

Question 1.

product of roots

Question 2.
1
2

3 x2

d
a

dx

8
4
2
A

Question 8.

1
x
tan 1
c
3
3

Question 3.

f x sin 2 3 x f x 2sin 3 x cos 3 x

f 0 2sin 3 cos 3

2
2
f 1 x : x
x 1
y 1

xy x 2 xy 2 x

1 2

dx

2
3 x

Question 7.

2 1 1 5 1 3 1

f x : y

3
2

2x
x

Question 9.
Domain: 1
Range:

x
1 2 x 2
2

0 y 3

Question 10.

Question 4.

PBA 90 in semi circle

sin3x
sin3x
3 lim
x0
x 0 3x
x
lim

3 1 3

Given APB 40 PAB 50 sum APB

D

Question 5.

3x 1 5

___________________________________________
Question 11.

x 1 log3 5

x 1 log3 5
ln 5
1
ln 3

a) CV1: 2 x 3 x 1

x3

CV2: x 1
On testing x 1 and x 3, note x 1

g) i) sin A B sin cos B sin cos A

Question 11 continued.
1
b) x 2 y 3 0 m1
2
3x y 6 0 m2 3

1 3
2
tan
1 1 3
2

ii) sin 45 30 sin45cos30 sin30cos45

1
3 1
1

2
2
2
2

sin15
7

3 1

2 2

6
4

81 52 ( NOTE : accept 82 )

2t
t
c) 1 tan tan 1
2
1 t2

1 t 2 2t 2
1 t2

1 t2
1 t2

d) cos2 x 1 2sin 2 x sin 2 x

1
1 cos2 x
2

1
1 cos2 x dx
2
1
1

x sin2 x c
2
2

x 1
sin2 x c
2 4
I

e)

Let P x 3x ln x 1 P x 3
a1 a0

P a0
Newton ' s method
P a0

2cos

1 cos 1 0

1
and cos 1
2
2 4

,
, 0, 2
3 3

b)

4 x2
or 4 x 2 9 y
9

For sin 1 x : D : 1 x 1

and for ln x : D : x 0

for ln sin 1 x : D : 0 x 1

1
x

c) i) A function is odd if f x f x

f x

3x
x 1

f x

a1 0.4

f) 2cos2 1 cos
2cos2 cos 1 0

Note : Could also use sin 60 45

___________________________________________
Question 12.
x
a) x 3t t
3
2
x
2
y 4t y 4
3

P 0.4 0.7163; P0.4 5.5

0.7163
5.5
0.53 (2 dp )

2
2

3 x

3x
f x
x2 1

ii) A function is decreasing if f x 0 for all x

f x

cos

1 3 3x 2 x

3 x 2 1

0 for all x

Question 12 continued:

Question 13.

c) iii) Vertical asymptotes at x 1

Horizontal asymptote at y 0 x axis

3
a) Let u sin 1 and evaluate cosu
4
3
3
u sin 1 sin u
4
4
cos u 1 sin 2 u or use a triangle
3

1 9

When x 3, u 1; x 11, u 9
9

1 1
1 9 1
I
du u 2 du
2 1 u
2 1

A 2 cos2 x sin 2 x 2

A2 2 A 2

Using 1 with A 2

1 12
2u 3 1 2
2
1

e) A r ; r t 1 1 r 1 t 1
2

dA
dA dr

[chain rule]
dt
dr dt
2 r
r

1
1
t 1 2
2

2 cos x
4
2

t 1

dA
1
r
dt
r 1

dA
1

1
km / h
dt
11
2

hence x

1
2

4
cos

1
2

ii) cos x sin x

and when r = 1:

Acos 1 1 and Asin 1 2

2

16

b) i) Let cos x sin x Acos x

Acos cos x Asin sin x
Equating coefficients of cos x and sin x gives:

1 2

3
cos sin 1
4
4

cos u

d) u x2 du 2 xdx

16

cos x
4 2

5
3

17
12

12

c) i) T 20 Aekt Aekt T 20

LHS

d 20 Ae kt

dt

kAe kt

k T 20 RHS

cii) when t 0, T 180; t 5, T 120

180 20 Ae0 A 160
also 120 20 160e5k
10
5

e5k 5k ln
16
8

1 5
k ln
5 8

k 0.094

x2
d) i) y
4a

At P : m

t 15minutes

2ap
p
2a

y ap2 px 2ap2
2

y px ap 2 1

at Q : y qx aq 2 2
1 2

px ap 2 qx aq 2

px qx ap 2 aq 2

x p q a p q p q

x a p q

hence y p a p q ap 2 apq
T a p q , apq

iii) sincePOQ 90, m OP m OQ 1

ap 2 aq 2

1
2ap 2aq

p q
1
2 2

P 3 0 108 3k 6 0

k 34

on equating coefficients of x 2 :

hence y ap 2 p x 2ap

ii)

a) P x 4 x3 kx 6

4 x3 34 x 6 x 3 4 x2 bx 2

dy
x
m

dx 2a

y px ap

Question 14.

so P x 4 x3 34 x 6

ii) 60 20 160ekt
1
e0.094t
4
1
ln 0.094t
4

iv) Since pq 4
y apq y 4a
which is the locus of T.
____________________________________________

0 b 12 b 12

P x x 3 4 x 2 12 x 2
Note:[or use long division]
b) i) AEB = 90 [ in semi-circle]
BF FE [tangents from external point equal]
FBE is isosceles
FEB [s opposite equal sides in isos ]
and since BED = 90, then

.
2
ii) Using ABD : 180 ABD BAD
180 90

90 or
2

FED = 90 =

FED is isosceles with FE FD

[sides opposite equal s in isos ]
and also since FE = BF, then BF = FD.
n 1
3
c) 1 3 2 32 ............. n 3n 2n 1 3

When n 1: LHS 1 3 3

RHS

pq 4

2 1 1 32

93
3
4

true for n=1.

0 40sin 0 5 0 c

Question 14 continued:
Assume true for n = k:

y 40t sin 5t

i.e.

1 3 2 32 ............. k 3k

2k 1 3 k 1 3
4

Prove true for n = k:

i.e. Sk Tk 1 Sk 1
Sk

2k 1 3 k 1 3 ;
4

LHS

Sk 1

2k 1 3 k 2

2k 1 3 k 1 3

; Tk 1 k 1 3k 1

k 1 3k 1

2k 1 3 k 1 3 4 k 1 3k 1

3 k 1 2k 1 4 k 1 3

3 k 1 6k 3 3
4

2k

Sk 1 RHS

If true for n = k, then true for n = k + 1.

Hence by the principle of mathematical induction,
the result is true for all n 1.

d) i) t 0, y 0, y 40sin , x 0, x 40cos

Vertically : y 10 y 10t c

ii) When y 0, 0 t 40sin 5t

when it strikes the ground t 8sin
when t 8sin , x 80
80 40cos 8sin

1
2sin cos
2

hence the two angles are 15 and 75.

1 3 k 2 3
4

t 0, y 40sin

Horizontally : x 0 x 40cos
x 40t cos c
0 40cos 0 c c 0
x 40t cos

2 30, 180 30

1 3 3 k 1 3
4

c0

1
sin 2
2

2k

c 40sin

y 40sin 10t
y 40t sin 5t 2 c