Abhas Mitra

Abhas Mitra (born 3 June 1955) is an Indian

astrophysicist best known for his distinct views on
several front-line astrophysics concepts, particularly
black holes[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and
Big Bang Cosmology.[16][17][18][19] His research has received widespread attention, especially in India, which is
reected from the fact that he is one of the most cited
Indian Physicists on the web.[20]

quasi-stable ultra-compact ball of re (plasma) which is

so hot due to preceding gravitational contraction that its
outward radiation pressure balances its inward pull of
gravity. Some astrophysicists[39][40][41][42][43] claimed to
have veried this prediction that astrophysical Black Hole
Candidates are actually ECOs rather than true mathematical black holes. The corresponding Harvard University
Press Release[44] acknowledges Mitras original contribuHe has regularly questioned the mainstream cosmological tion in this context.
concepts of "Big Bang" and "Black Hole".[21][22][23][24] In 2014, soon after Stephen Hawking called the alHe claims to have oered exact proofs that (i) The so- leged loss of information in black holes his biggest
called Black Holes cannot be true black black holes blunder,[45] Mitra received widespread attention in the
even within the context of classical General relativity Indian media, claiming that he had been 'vindicated'
and (ii) The Big Bang solution is illusory and actual uni- [46][47][48] citing that he had apparently refuted Hawkverse must be fundamentally dierent from the big bang ing and indicated the same almost 13 year back[49][50][51]
paradigm.[25][26] Consequently Dark Energy, his research .[52][53]
claims, is an illusion caused by the departure of the complex universe from the simple big bang model.
He is a Distinguished Alumnus of Mumbai University.[27] 1.2 Against the Big Bang Paradigm
As of 2014, he heads the theoretical astrophysics section
of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.[28] As per the present version of Big Bang Paradigm, almost 70% of the mass energy of the universe is due
to ``Dark Energy whose most likely form is Einsteins
Cosmological Constant. But Mitras research has shown
1 Scientic Work
that Cosmological Constant is exactly zero as suspected
by many.[54][55][56][57] In addition, these papers point out
that as per cosmological observations, the actual universe
1.1 Eternally Collapsing Objects
is far more complex than the idealised perfect ``isotropy
Though Mitra stresses that the `Black Hole solutions and homogeneity assumed by the Big Bang model; and
are correct, his contention is that Black Hole masses, ``Dark Energy is an illusion caused by such departures.
arising from relevant integration constants, are actu- As per his recent research, a Big Bang universe can exally zero. His peer reviewed paper published in Jour- pand only linearly[58][59] so that popular inationary and
nal of Mathematical Physics of the American Insti- cyclic models are actually inconsistent.
tute of Physics supports this contention by showing that
Schwarzschild black holes have M = 0.[29] If so, (i) The Since perfect Hubble ow implies radially outward moso-called massive Black Hole Candidates (BHCs) must tion of test particles receding from one another without
be quasi-black holes rather than exact black holes and any mutual collision, his research claimed to shown that
(ii) During preceding gravitational collapse, entire mass ideal Big Bang model corresponds to nil pressure and temenergy and angular momentum of the collapsing ob- perature. If correct, this implies that the ideal Big Bang
jects must be radiated away before formation of exact model is fundamentally unable to describe the physical
[60][61]
mathematical black holes. And since the formation of universe endowed with pressure and temperature.
a mathematical zero mass black hole requires innite He has also questioned the physical reality of dark enproper time, continued gravitational collapse becomes ergy.[62]
eternal, and the so-called black hole candidates must
be Eternally Collapsing Objects (ECO).[30][31][32][33] Mitras peer reviewed papers describe why continued
physical gravitational collapse should lead to forma- 2 Academic Associations
tion of ECOs rather than true black holes, and the
mathematical ``black hole states can be achieved only Mitra is associated with the `Himalayan Gamma Ray
asymptotically.[34][35][36][37][38] An ECO is essentially a Observatory[63] being set up at Han Leh jointly by Tata
1

REFERENCES

Institute of Fundamental Research, Bhabha Atomic Re- [23] A. Mitra, Nature, 500, 7641, 6 August 2013 Comments
on the Nature Paper '`Spin Rate of Black Holes Pinned
search Centre and Indian Institute of Astrophysics. He is
Down".
also an Adjunct Prof. in Homi Bhabha National Science
[64]
Dr. Mitra is also a member of
Insititute since 2010.
[24] Various Comments Made by Mitra in response to Nature
the International Astronomical Union.[65]
News on Black Holes.
[25] Eternally Collapsing Object.

References

[26] The Genesis of Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing

Object"".

[1] Black holes don't exist, says BARC scientist.

[2] Meet the Indian who took on Stephen Hawking.
[3] Indian Physicist Abhas Mitra Claims he Resolved Black
Hole Paradox Years before Stephen Hawking.
[4] Black Hole Paradox Resolved By Indian Physicist Much
Before Stephen Hawking.
[5] Indian Physicist Abhas Mitra Says he Resolved Black
Hole Paradox Before Stephen Hawking.
[6] Indian physicist vindicated in black hole controversy.
[7] No Black Hole According To General Relativity? Nature
India.
[8] Hawking vs. Mitra : Are black holes really black holes?".
[9] Abhas Mitra,singurul savant care a indraznit sa-i demonstreze lui Hawking ca teoria lui este gresita.
[10] Te-ai inselat, domnule Stephen Hawking!".
[11] BARC SCIENTIST: INDIA'S PRIDE: Indian Scientist
Who Challenged Hawkings Blackholes Theory Proved
Right.
[12] Anti-black hole astrophysicist furnishes proof, Nature
India Science News.
[13] Black holes or balls of Quark Gluon plasma? Nature India Science News.
[14] You're Wrong, Stephen Hawking! The Triumph of Abhas Mitra.
[15] Scientic Black Wash: The jury is still out there on
whether blackholes exist.
[16] Indian Physicist Questions Physical Reality of Dark Energy.
[17] Indian Physicist Questions Big Bang Basics.
[18] Indian Scientist Contests Big Bang '`Evidences".
[19] Nobel laureates challenge Indian astrophysicists 'lumpy
cosmos claim, Nature India Science News.
[20] Google: Indian Physicists.
[21] A. Mitra, Nature, 501, 391 (2013) Comments on Nature
Article '`Rare star probes supermassive black hole".
[22] A. Mitra, Nature, 500, 7464, 28 August (2013)
Comments on the Eassay '`Theoretical Physics: The Origin of Space and Time".

[27] Distinguished Alumni of University of Mumbai.

[28] Abhas Mitra Curriculum Vitae (BARC India)".
[29] A. Mitra, J. Math. Phys. 50, 042502 (2009) (American
Institute of Physics)Comments on The Euclidean gravitational action as black hole entropy, singularities, and
space-time voids".
[30] A. Mitra and K. K. Singh, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
22, 1350054 (2013) (World Scientic) The Mass of
the Oppenheimer-Snyder Hole: Only Finite Mass QuasiBlack Holes.
[31] A. Mitra, Astrophysics and Space Science, Volume 332,
pp 4348 (2011) (Springer, Germany) The fallacy of
Oppenheimer Snyder collapse: no general relativistic collapse at all, no black hole, no physical singularity.
[32] A. Mitra,Foundations of Physics Letters, Volume 15, pp
439471 (2002) (Springer, Germany)On the nal state
of spherical gravitational collapse.
[33] A. Mitra, Foundations of Physics Letters, Volume 13, pp
543579 (2000) (Springer, Germany) Non-occurrence
of trapped surfaces and Black Holes in spherical gravitational collapse: An abridged version.
[34] A. Mitra, Phys. Rev. D 74, 024010 (2006) (American
Physical Soc., USA) Why gravitational contraction must
be accompanied by emission of radiation in both Newtonian and Einstein gravity.
[35] A. Mitra, MNRAS, 367, L66-L68 (2006) (Royal Astronomical Soc., London) A generic relation between baryonic and radiative energy densities of stars.
[36] A. Mitra, MNRAS, 369, 492496 (2006) (Royal Astronomical Soc. London)Radiation pressure supported stars
in Einstein gravity: eternally collapsing objects.
[37] A. Mitra, New Astronomy, Volume 12, 146160 (2006)
(Elsevier, Netherlands) Sources of stellar energy, Einstein Eddington timescale of gravitational contraction and
eternally collapsing objects.
[38] A. Mitra & N.K. Glendenning, MNRAS 404, L50-L54
(2010) (Royal Astronomical Soc., London)Likely formation of general relativistic radiation pressure supported
stars or 'eternally collapsing objects".
[39] Stanley L. Robertson and Darryl J. Leiter, Astrophysical
J., 565 447 (2002) (Institute of Physics, UK)Evidence
for Intrinsic Magnetic Moments in Black Hole Candidates.

[40] Stanley L. Robertson and Darryl J. Leiter, Astrophysical

J., 596, L203 (2003) (Institute of Physics, UK)On Intrinsic Magnetic Moments in Black Hole Candidates.
[41] Stanley L. Robertson and Darryl J. Leiter, MNRAS, 350,
13911396 (2004) (Royal Astronomical Soc. London).
On the origin of the universal radio-X-ray luminosity
correlation in black hole candidates.
[42] Rudolph E. Schild, Darryl J. Leiter, and Stanley L.
Robertson, The Astronomical Journal 132 420 (2006) (Institute of Physics, UK) Observations Supporting the Existence of an Intrinsic Magnetic Moment inside the Central Compact Object within the Quasar Q0957+561.
[43] Rudolph E. Schild, Darryl J. Leiter, and Stanley
L. Robertson, The Astronomical Journal, 135, 947
(2006) (Institute of Physics, UK)Direct MicrolensingReverberation Observations of the Intrinsic Magnetic
Structure of Active Galactic Nuclei in Dierent Spectral
States: A Tale of Two Quasars.

[58] A. Mitra, New Astronomy, Vol. 30, pp.4650 (2014)

Why the Big Bang Model Does Not Allow Inationary
and Cyclic cosmologies Though Mathematically One Can
Obtain Any Model With Favourable Assumptions.
[59] A. Mitra, General Relativity And Gravitation, Vol. 16,
pp.112 (2014)Testing R_h=ct Cosmology From Fundamental Considerations: Is the Friedmann Universe Intrinsically Flat.
[60] A. Mitra, Astrophysics & Space Science, Vol. 333,
pp.351356 (2011) The matter in the Big-Bang model
is dust and not any arbitrary perfect uid!".
[61] A. Mitra, Journal of Modern Physics, Vol. 2, pp. 1436
1442 (2011) Why the Big Bang Model Cannot Describe
the Observed Universe Having Pressure and Radiation.
[62] Physicist questions physical reality of 'Dark Energy'".
[63] High Altitude Gamma Ray Observatory, Han Leh, India.

[44] New Picture of Quasar Emerges: Harvard-Smithsonian

Center for Astrophysics Press Release.

[64] HBNI.

[45] Particle creation by black holes.

[65] IAU.

[46] Big Bang: Indian physicist says hes vindicated.

[47] Big Bang: Indian Physicist Abhas Mitra Feels Vindicated.
[48] Indian physicist who opposed Big Bang origin says hes
vindicated.
[49] Indian physicist claims he resolved Black Hole paradox
much before Stephen Hawking.
[50] Black Holes are Actually Eternally Collapsing Objects
--Indian Physicist Refutes Hawking.
[51] This Indian physicist disproved black holes 13 years before Hawking.
[52] Indian physicist Abhas Mitra resolved Black Hole paradox much before Stephen Hawking.
[53] Indian physicist resolved Black Hole paradox much before Hawking.
[54] A. Mitra, General Relativity and Gravitation Volume 42,
pp 443469 (2010) (Springer, Germany) Einstein energy
associated with the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric.
[55] A. Mitra, Nature Scientic Reports 2, Article
number:
923 (2012) (Nature Publishing Group,
UK)Interpretational conicts between the static and
non-static forms of the de Sitter metric.
[56] A. Mitra, S. Bhattacharyya, and N. Bhatt, Int. J. Mod.
Phys. D 22, 1350012 (2013) (World Scientic) "CDM
Cosmology Through the Lens of Einsteins Static Universe, the Mother of ".
[57] A. Mitra, J. Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 07, 007
(2013) (Institute of Physics, UK) Energy of Einsteins
static universe and its implications for the CDM cosmology.

4 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

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Abhas Mitra Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abhas%20Mitra?oldid=639023045 Contributors: Phil Boswell, Bearcat, Altenmann,

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