ME 332 Problem Assignment I Sp15

Due: January 21, 2015, 2:10 PM.

I-1. Air is compressed from 2 bar, 300 K to 10 bar, 500 K in a well-insulated piston-cylinder
assembly. The air behaves as an ideal gas, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be
neglected. Determine the work, in kJ per kg of air, and the amount of entropy produced, in kJ/K
per kg of air, assuming (a) constant specific heats evaluated at 400 K, and (b) variable specific
heats.
I-2. An electric generator operating at steady state receives 10 kW of power through the input
shaft and produces 40 amps at 220 volts of electrical output. For the generator as a closed
system, energy transfer by heat between the surface of the generator and the surroundings at 293
K occurs at the rate of = hA(Tsurr Tsurf), where hA = 0.0595 kW/K and Tsurf is the average
surface temperature of the generator, in K. Determine the rate of entropy production for the
generator, in kW/K. Repeat for an enlarged system that includes the generator and its immediate
surroundings atTsurr. List the sources of irreversibility in each case.
I-3. Refrigerant 134-A passes enters the evaporator heat exchanger of a refrigeration unit as a
two-phase liquid-vapor mixture at 15 lbf/in.2 and a quality of 18% and exits at 0oF at the same
pressure. Air passing in counterflow through the heat exchanger enters at 10oF, 1.1 atm and exits
at 50F, 1.0 atm. The rate of energy transfer by heat from the air to the colder refrigerant is 200
Btu/min. Stray heat transfer from the outside of the heat exchanger can be ignored as can kinetic
and potential energy effects. The air is modeled as an ideal gas with a specific heat of cp = 0.24
Btu/lboR. Determine the rate of entropy production within the heat exchanger, in Btu/oRmin.
Discuss possible reasons for entropy production. Assume steady-state operation.
p2 = 15 lbf/in.2
T2 = 0oF

(1)

(2)
R-134A

15 lbf/in.2
x1 = 0.18

Air
T3 = 10oF
p3 = 1.1 atm

(3)

(4)

Rate of heat transfer

from air to refrigerant
is 200 Btu/min.

T4 = 5oF
p4 = 1.0 atm

I-4. Two kilograms of water, initially saturated vapor at 5 bar undergoes a process in a closed
rigid container to a final pressure of 7 bar. For the process, W = 0 and KE = PE = 0. What is
the amount of energy transfer by heat, in kJ? Determine the exergy of the water at each state
and the change in exergy for the process, each in kJ. Let T0 = 300K and p0 = 1 bar.
I-5. Three kilograms of carbon dioxide (CO2) undergoes a process in a closed system from an
initial state where T1 = 500 K, p1 = 5 bar to a final state where T2 = 300 K, p2 = 1 bar. For the
process, W = 250 kJ, and KE = PE = 0. Heat transfer occurs at a location on the boundary of
the system where Tb = 350K. Use the ideal gas model for the CO2 with data from Table A-23.
Determine the amount of energy transfer by heat, in kJ. Assuming T0 = 300K and p0 = 1 bar,
perform a complete exergy accounting for the process.