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1.x2 y 2 = 9,
SOLUTION:
2
x y = 9,
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
(x')
x'y'
x'y' +
2
(x')
=9
(y')
=9
x'y' +
(y')
(x')
x'y'
(x')
2
x'y' +
(y')
=9
(y') = 9
x'y' + (y') = 18
2
xy (y) + 18 = 0
(x') 2
2
(x) + 2
2
ANSWER:
2
(x) + 2
2.xy = 8,
xy (y) + 18 = 0; hyperbola
=45
SOLUTION:
xy = 8, =45
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
(x')
x'y' +
x'y'
(y')
= 8
Page 1
ANSWER:
2
2
7-4 (x)
Rotations
of Conic
+2
xy
(y) + 18Sections
= 0; hyperbola
2.xy = 8,
=45
SOLUTION:
xy = 8, =45
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
(x')
x'y'
x'y' +
2
(x')
(y')
= 8
(y') + 8 = 0
2
2
(x) (y) + 16 = 0
2
ANSWER:
2
3.x2 8y = 0,
SOLUTION:
2
x 8y = 0,
ANSWER:
2
(y) 8x = 0; parabola
4.2x2 + 2y 2 = 8,
SOLUTION:
2x + 2y = 8,
Page 2
(y') 8x' = 0
There is only one squared term, so the conic is a parabola.
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic Sections
2
(y) 8x = 0; parabola
4.2x2 + 2y 2 = 8,
SOLUTION:
2
2x + 2y = 8,
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
=8
+2
+2
2
(x')
x'y' +
=8
2
(y) +
(x) +
x'y' +
2
(y')
2(x) + 2(y)
2
2
=8
=8
2
2
(x) + (y) 4 = 0
2
B 4AC = 4 which is less than 0, B = 0, and A = C, so the conic is a circle.
ANSWER:
2
5.y 2 + 8x = 0,
=30
SOLUTION:
2
y + 8x = 0, =30
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
+8
2
(x') +
x'y' +
x'y' +
(y') + 4
(x') +
2
x'y' +
(y') + 4
2
x' 4y'
=0
x' 4y'
=0
Page 3
=0
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
2
2 of Conic Sections
(x) + (y) 4 = 0; circle
5.y 2 + 8x = 0,
=30
SOLUTION:
2
y + 8x = 0, =30
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
+8
2
(x') +
x'y' +
2
(x') +
2
x'y' +
(y') + 4
x'y' +
(y') + 4
(x) + 2
xy + 3(y) + 16
x' 4y'
=0
x' 4y'
=0
x 16y'
=0
ANSWER:
2
(x) + 2
x 16y = 0; parabola
xy + 3(y) + 16
6.4x2 + 9y 2 = 36,
=30
SOLUTION:
2
4x + 9y = 36, =30
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
+9
+9
2
3(x') 2
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero12(x')
= 36
2
x'y' + (y') +
(x') +
21(x) + 10
(y')
= 36
x'y' + 27(y')
= 144
x'y' +
= 36
xy + 31(y) 144 = 0
Page 4
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic
2
2 Sections
(x) + 2
x 16y = 0; parabola
xy + 3(y) + 16
6.4x2 + 9y 2 = 36,
=30
SOLUTION:
2
4x + 9y = 36, =30
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
+9
= 36
+9
2
3(x') 2
2
12(x') 8
= 36
2
x'y' + (y') +
(x') +
21(x) + 10
(y')
= 36
x'y' + 27(y')
= 144
x'y' +
2
xy + 31(y) 144 = 0
ANSWER:
2
21(x) + 10
7.x2 5x + y 2 = 3,
=45
SOLUTION:
2
x 5x + y = 3, =45
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
(x')
x'y'
x'y' +
(y')
=3
x' +
y' +
(x') +
x'y' +
x'y'
=3
(y')
Page 5
(x') + (y')
x' +
y' 3 = 0
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic Sections
2
2
21(x) + 10
7.x2 5x + y 2 = 3,
=45
SOLUTION:
2
x 5x + y = 3, =45
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
(x')
x'y'
x'y' +
(y')
=3
x' +
y' +
(x') +
x'y' +
x'y'
=3
+
2
(x') + (y')
2
x' +
2(x) + 2(y) 5
x+5
2
B 4AC = 16 which is less than 0 and B0,sotheconicisanellipse.
(y')
y' 3 = 0
y 6 =0
ANSWER:
2
2(x) + 2(y) 5
x+5
y 6 = 0; ellipse
SOLUTION:
2
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
49
= 784
16
49
= 784
Page 6
(x') 49x'y' +
= 784
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
2
2 of Conic Sections
2(x) + 2(y) 5
x+5
y 6 = 0; ellipse
SOLUTION:
2
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
49
= 784
16
49
2
(x') 49x'y' +
= 784
2
= 784
2
2
2
2
49(x') 98x'y' + 49(y') 16(x') 32x'y' 16(y') = 1568
2
2
33(x) 130xy + 33(y) 1568 = 0
2
ANSWER:
2
=90
SOLUTION:
2
ANSWER:
2
10.6x + 5y = 30,
SOLUTION:
=30
Page 7
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic Sections
2
2
25(x) 4(y) + 64 = 0; hyperbola
10.6x2 + 5y 2 = 30,
=30
SOLUTION:
2
6x + 5y = 30, =30
Find the equations for x and y.
x = xcos ysin
x=
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
= 30
+5
+5
2
(x') 3
2
18(x') 12
x'y' +
= 30
2
(y') +
(x') +
x'y' +
(y')
x'y' + 15(y')
= 30
= 120
2
xy + 21(y) 120 = 0
23(x) 2
2
ANSWER:
2
23(x) 2
Using a suitable angle of rotation for the conic with each given equation, write the equation in standard
form.
11.xy = 4
SOLUTION:
xy = 4
2
cot 2
=0
=
=
= x sin
=
= 4
+y cos
x +
y
Page 8
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic 2Sections
2
23(x) 2
Using a suitable angle of rotation for the conic with each given equation, write the equation in standard
form.
11.xy = 4
SOLUTION:
xy = 4
2
cot 2
=0
=
=
Find the equations for x and y.
x = x cos y sin
=
= x sin
=
+y cos
x +
xy +
(x)
xy
(y)
(x)
(y)
(x)
(y)
= 4
= 4
= 1
=1
ANSWER:
=1
12.x2 xy + y 2 = 2
SOLUTION:
2
x xy + y = 2
2
B 4AC = 3 which is less than 0 and B0,sotheconicisanellipse.
cot 2
cot 2
=0
Page 9
ANSWER:
=1
7-4 Rotations
of
Conic Sections
12.x2 xy + y 2 = 2
SOLUTION:
2
x xy + y = 2
2
B 4AC = 3 which is less than 0 and B0,sotheconicisanellipse.
cot 2
cot 2
=0
=
=
Find the equations for x and y.
x = x cos y sin
=
= x sin
=
+y cos
x +
x xy + y
=2
=2
(y)
=2
2
(x) +
2
(x) +
(y) = 2
(y)
=1
=1
ANSWER:
cot 2
sin 2
andcos2
7 +Manual
24 =-25
eSolutions
Powered by Cognero
=
Page 10
cot 2
cot 2
2
sin 2
andcos2
7 + 24 = 25
=
andcos .
cos
= x sin
=
+y cos
x +
145
+ 120
145
= 900
+180
+ 120
180
xy +
(x)
(y) +
(x)
= 900
2
xy
(y) +
xy +
(x) +
= 900
(y)
2
2
= 4500
= 4500
=1
ANSWER:
=1
cot 2
cot 2
Page 11
cot 2
sin 2
andcos2
7 + 24 = 25
andcos .
cos
= x sin
=
+y cos
x +
24
16
90
xy +
+
3x + 4y 72x 54y + 25 = 0
9
2
+ 25 = 0
24
16
(x)
+9
(y)
(x) +
xy +
(y) +
(x)
+
xy +
2
2
2
2
2
144(x) 384xy + 256(y) 288(x) + 168xy + 288(y) + 144(x) +
2
216xy + 81(y) 1875x 1250y + 625 = 0
2
625(y) 1875x 1250y + 625 = 0
2
(y) 2y + 1 3x = 0
2
(y 1) = 3x
ANSWER:
eSolutions Manual
2 - Powered by Cognero
(y 1) = 3x
Page 12
2
216xy + 81(y) 1875x 1250y + 625 = 0
2
625(y) 1875x 1250y + 625 = 0
2
(y) 2y + 1 3x = 0
2
(y 1) = 3x
(y 1) = 3x
cot 2
sin 2
andcos2
7 + 24 = 25
andcos .
sin
cos
= x sin
=
x +
+y cos
y
+ 23
+ 100
50
xy +
(y)
+23
(x)
=0
72
(x)
xy +
(y) +
=0
(x) +
xy
=0
+
2
=0
2
2
2
2
2
32(x) 48xy + 18(y) 864(x) 504xy + 864 (y) + 207(x) + 552xy +
2
368(y) + 1250x 2500y = 0
Page 13
+23
2
2
(x) ofxy
+
(y)
7-4 Rotations
Conic
Sections
(x)
xy +
(y) +
(x) +
xy
=0
+
2
=0
2
2
2
2
2
32(x) 48xy + 18(y) 864(x) 504xy + 864 (y) + 207(x) + 552xy +
2
368(y) + 1250x 2500y = 0
2
2
625(x) + 1250(y) + 1250x 2500y = 0
2
2
(x) + 2(y) + 2x 4y = 0
2
2
2(y) 4y (x) + 2x = 0
2
2
2[(y) 2y + 1] [(x) 2x + 1] 2+1 = 0
2
2
2(y 1) (x 1) = 1
=1
ANSWER:
16.x2 3y 2 8x + 30y = 60
SOLUTION:
2
x 3y 8x + 30y = 60
2
B 4AC = 12 which is greater than 0, so the conic is a hyperbola.
cot 2
cot 2
tan 2
or0
=0
=0
=0
The conic has not been rotated. Convert the equation to standard form.
2
2
x 3y 8x + 30y = 60
2
2
x 8x 3y + 30y 60 = 0
sin 2
2
2
2
(x 8x + 16) 3(y 10y + 25) 16 + 3(25) 60 = 0
2
2
(x 4) 3(y 5) = 1
=1
ANSWER:
17.8x2 + 12xy + 3y 2 + 4 = 6
Page 14
ANSWER:
x 3y 8x + 30y = 60
2
B 4AC = 12 which is greater than 0, so the conic is a hyperbola.
cot 2
cot 2
tan 2
or0
=0
=0
=0
The conic has not been rotated. Convert the equation to standard form.
2
2
x 3y 8x + 30y = 60
2
2
x 8x 3y + 30y 60 = 0
sin 2
2
2
2
(x 8x + 16) 3(y 10y + 25) 16 + 3(25) 60 = 0
2
2
(x 4) 3(y 5) = 1
=1
ANSWER:
17.8x2 + 12xy + 3y 2 + 4 = 6
SOLUTION:
2
8x + 12xy + 3y + 4 = 6
2
cot 2
=
=13
sin 2
andcos2
andcos .
cos
Page 15
sin 2
andcos2
andcos .
cos
= x sin
=
+y cos
x +
+ 12
=2
+3
+ 12
+3
xy +
(x)
(y) +
(x) +
2
xy
2
=2
(y) +
xy +
(x) +
2
(y)
=2
= 26
= 26
6(x)
=1
=1
ANSWER:
cot 2
=
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
=
2
Page 16
SOLUTION:
2
cot 2
=
=
2
sin 2
andcos2
7 + 24 = 25
andcos .
cos
= x sin
=
+y cos
x +
73
+ 72
+ 52
25
73
+
75
+ 50
+ 72
52
2
xy +
(x)
(y) +
=0
=0
xy
(x) +
(y) +
(x) +
2
xy +
2
+ (y) + y +
=0
=0
=0
=0
+(y) + y 3
=0
=0
Page 17
+ (y) + y +
=0
=0
=0
+(y) + y 3
=0
=0
=
=1
=1
ANSWER:
=1
Write an equation for each conic in the xy plane for the given equation in xy form and the given value
of .
19.(x)2 + 3(y)2 = 8,
SOLUTION:
2
(x) + 3(y) = 8,
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
+3
2
x + xy +
2
x + xy +
y +3
2
y +
=8
2
y 3xy +
2x 2xy + 2y
2
2
2
=8
=8
x xy + y 4 = 0
ANSWER:
2
2
eSolutions
x Manual
xy + y- Powered
4 = 0by Cognero
Page 18
=1
19.(x)2 + 3(y)2 = 8,
SOLUTION:
2
(x) + 3(y) = 8,
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y
x sin
y =
+3
2
x + xy +
y +3
x + xy +
y +
=8
2
y 3xy +
2x 2xy + 2y
2
2
=8
=8
2
2
x xy + y 4 = 0
ANSWER:
2
x xy + y 4 = 0
20.
=1,
=1,
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
9(x) (y)
=1
2
= 225
Page 19
2
2
x xy + y 4 = 0
ANSWER:
2
2
7-4 xRotations
Sections
xy + y of
4 =Conic
0
20.
=1,
=1,
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y
x sin
y =
=1
9(x) (y)
= 225
= 225
9
2
x + 9xy +
y + xy
2
y + xy
x
x
= 225
= 225
2
2
4x + 10xy + 4y 225 = 0
ANSWER:
2
4x + 10xy + 4y 225 = 0
21.
=1,
=1,
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
x
4(x) (y)
=1
2
= 36
= 36
Page 20
2
2
4x + 10xy + 4y 225 = 0
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of2 Conic Sections
2
4x + 10xy + 4y 225 = 0
21.
=1,
=1,
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
x sin
=1
4(x) (y)
= 36
= 36
y +
xy
xy + 3y
y +
xy
= 36
xy 3x
= 144
4
2
x +2
xy + 12y y + 2
4x + 8
x + 10
= 36
2
xy + 11y 144 = 0
ANSWER:
2
xy + 11y 144 = 0
x + 10
22.(x)2 = 8(y),
=45
SOLUTION:
2
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
(x)
2
(x) 8y
= 8(y)
=0
Page 21
=0
2
xy + 11y 144 = 0
x + 10
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic
Sections
2
2
xy + 11y 144 = 0
x + 10
22.(x)2 = 8(y),
=45
SOLUTION:
2
x+
y = y cos
y
x sin
y =
(x)
2
(x) 8y
8
2
y 4
x + xy +
2
x + 2xy+y + 8
= 8(y)
=0
=0
y +4
=0
x 8
=0
ANSWER:
2
x8
x + 2xy+y + 8
23.
y =0
=1, =
SOLUTION:
=1, =
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
=1
4(x) + (y)
4
xy + y +
= 28
= 28
3x + 2
xy +
xy +
= 28
= 28
Page 22
x + 2xy+y + 8
x 8
=0
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
2
2 of Conic Sections
x8
x + 2xy+y + 8
23.
y =0
=1, =
SOLUTION:
=1, =
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
=1
4(x) + (y)
4
xy + y +
xy + 4y + 3y 2
12x + 8
13x + 6
= 28
= 28
4
3x + 2
xy +
xy +
xy + x
= 28
= 28
= 112
xy + 7y 112 = 0
ANSWER:
2
xy + 7y 112 = 0
13x + 6
24.4x = (y)2,
=30
SOLUTION:
2
4x = (y) , =30
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
x
= (y)
2
2 =0
4(x) (y)
Page 23
=0
2
xy + 7y 112 = 0
13x + 6
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic
Sections
2
2
xy + 7y 112 = 0
13x + 6
24.4x = (y)2,
=30
SOLUTION:
2
4x = (y) , =30
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
= (y)
2
2 =0
4(x) (y)
x + 2y
2
4(2
=0
4
2
xy
y +
2
x + 2y
xy
y +
2
x 8y + 3y 2
x 2
xy + 3y 8
=0
2
x ) = (4)0
xy + x
x 8y
=0
=0
ANSWER:
2
x 2
25.
xy + 3y 8
x 8y = 0
=1,
=45
=1,
=45
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
(x) 4(y)
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
=1
2
= 64
= 64
Page 24
x 2
xy + 3y 8
x 8y
=0
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of 2Conic Sections
2
x 2
25.
xy + 3y 8
x 8y = 0
=1,
=45
=1,
=45
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
(x) 4(y)
=1
2
4
2
x + xy +
= 64
y 4
x + xy +
= 64
= 64
2
y 2y + 4xy 2x
= 64
2
2
2
2
x + 2xy + y 4y + 8xy 4x = 128
2
2
3x + 10xy 3y = 128
2
2
3x 10xy + 3y + 128 = 0
ANSWER:
2
3x 10xy + 3y + 128 = 0
26.(x)2 = 5(y),
SOLUTION:
2
(x) = 5(y),
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
x
(x) = 5(y)
2
2
(x) 5(y) = 0
Page 25
2
2
3x 10xy + 3y + 128 = 0
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of2 Conic Sections
2
3x 10xy + 3y + 128 = 0
26.(x)2 = 5(y),
SOLUTION:
2
(x) = 5(y),
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
(x) = 5(y)
2
2
(x) 5(y) = 0
5
2
x +
xy +
=0
x
=0
=0
x 10y
=0
y+
xy + 3y 10y + 10
x +2
2
x + 3y + 2
xy + 10
ANSWER:
2
x + 3y + 2
27.
xy + 10
x 10y = 0
=1,
=30
=1,
=30
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
x
9(x) 4(y)
eSolutions Manual - Powered by 9
Cognero
=1
2
= 36
= 36
Page 26
x + 3y + 2
xy + 10
x 10y
=0
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic Sections
2
2
x + 3y + 2
27.
xy + 10
x 10y = 0
=1,
=30
=1,
=30
SOLUTION:
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
=1
9(x) 4(y)
= 36
9
4
9
2
x +
2
= 36
2
y 3y + 2
xy +
2
xy + 9y 12y + 8
27x + 18
= 36
23x + 26
xy x
xy 4x
= 36
= 144
2
xy 3y 144 = 0
ANSWER:
2
23x + 26
28.
xy 3y 144 = 0
=1, =60
SOLUTION:
+
=1, =60
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
x
+
2
4(x) + 3(y)
=1
2
= 12
Page 27
2
xy 3y 144 = 0
23x + 26
ANSWER:
7-4 Rotations
of Conic
Sections
2
2
xy 3y 144 = 0
23x + 26
28.
=1, =60
SOLUTION:
=1, =60
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
x sin
=1
4(x) + 3(y)
4
+3
= 12
+3
2
x +2
= 12
2
xy + 3y +
2
13x + 2
= 12
xy + 9x
= 48
xy +
xy + 12y + 3y 6
4x + 8
= 12
2
xy + 15y 48 = 0
ANSWER:
2
xy + 15y 48 = 0
13x + 2
29.ASTRONOMY Suppose 144(x)2 + 64(y)2= 576 models the shape in the xyplane of a reflecting mirror in a
telescope.
a.Ifthemirrorhasbeenrotated30,determinetheequationofthemirrorinthexyplane.
b. Graph the equation.
SOLUTION:
a. Find the equations for x and y for
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y=y cos
y =
=30.
y
x sin
x
144
+ 64
= 576
Page 28
x sin
y=y cos
=
y of
x Conic Sections
7-4 yRotations
Substitute these values into the original equation.
2
2
144(x) + 64(y) = 576
144
144
= 576
+ 64
+ 64
108x + 36y + 72
= 576
2
124x + 40
b. Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
xy + 48y + 16x 32
xy
= 576
2
xy + 84y 576 = 0
84y + (40
x)y + (124x 576) = 0
Use the quadratic formula.
y=
y=
Graph the conic using your graphing calculator.
ANSWER:
a. 31x2 10
b.
xy + 21y = 144
30.
=160
SOLUTION:
+
=160
x =
x+
Page 29
30.
=160
SOLUTION:
x+
y=y cos
y =
y
x sin
9(x) + 4(y)
9
9
9x + 18
= 36
2
y +y 2
xy +
= 36
= 36
+4
+4
x +
xy + 27y + 4y 8
2
21x + 10
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
=1
xy + 3x
xy + 12x
= 36
= 144
xy + 31y 144 = 0
31y + (10
x)y + 21x 144
Use the quadratic formula.
y=
y=
y=
Graph the conic using your graphing calculator.
ANSWER:
Page 30
31.
=1; 45
SOLUTION:
=1; 45
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y
x sin
y =
=1
36(x) 25(y)
25
36
= 900
25
36
2
9x + 36xy + 9y
= 900
= 900
2
y + 25xy
= 900
2
2
2
2
18x + 72xy + 18y 25y + 50xy 25x = 1800
2
2
7x + 122xy 7y 1800 = 0
2
2
7x 122xy + 7y + 1800 = 0
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
7y (122x)y + 7x + 1800 = 0
Use the quadratic formula.
y=
y=
y=
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
Page 31
y=
ANSWER:
32.(x)2 + 6x y=9; 30
SOLUTION:
2
(x) + 6x y=9; 30
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x =
x+
x sin
y=y cos
y =
y+
= 9
x + 3y
y+
= 9
+6
x +
2
3x + 2
2
xy +
y +3
2
xy + y + 12
x + 12y 2
3x + 2
xy + y + (12
+ 2)x + (12 2
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
y + (2
x + 12 2
)y + 3x + (12
Use the quadratic formula.
y + 2x
= 36
)y + 36 = 0
+ 2)x + 36 = 0
y=
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
y=
Page 32
3x + 2
xy + y + 12
x + 12y 2
3x + 2
xy + y + (12
+ 2)x + (12 2
Graph the equation by solving for y.
7-4 Rotations
of Conic Sections
2
2
y + (2
x + 12 2
)y + 3x + (12
Use the quadratic formula.
y + 2x
= 36
)y + 36 = 0
+ 2)x + 36 = 0
y=
y=
y=
Graph the conic using your graphing calculator.
ANSWER:
x+
y=y cos
y =
y
x sin
x
= 24
+6
+6
2 by Cognero
eSolutions Manual - Powered
6x + 4
2
12x + 8
= 24
xy + 2y +
2
y 3
2
xy + 4y + 9y 6
= 24
xy + 3x
= 48
xy +
Page 33
= 24
+6
7-4 Rotations
of Conic Sections
8
+6
2
6x + 4
xy + 2y +
12x + 8
= 24
2
y 3
xy + 4y + 9y 6
2
= 24
xy + 3x
= 48
2
xy + 13y 48 = 0
15x + 2
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
xy +
13y + (2
x) y + 15x 48 = 0
Use the quadratic formula.
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
34.
=1; 45
SOLUTION:
=1; 45
Use the rotation formulas for x and y to find the equation of the rotated conic in the xyplane.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
y = y cos
y =
y
x sin
eSolutions
Manual -these
Powered
by Cognero
Substitute
values
into the
original equation.
Page 34
=1
x =
x+
y = y cos
y
x sin
=1
4(x) (y)
= 16
y + xy
2x + 4xy +2y
y + xy
4
2
x
x
4x + 8xy + 4y y + 2xy x
2
= 16
2
2
= 16
= 16
= 32
3x + 10xy + 3y 32 = 0
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
3y + (10x)y + 3x 32 = 0
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
y = 3(x) 2x+560
Find the equations for x and y.
x= x cos +y sin
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
x =
x+
y=y cos
x sin
Page 35
7-4
y = 3(x) 2x+560
Rotations
of Conic
Find
the equations
for x andSections
y.
x= x cos +y sin
x =
x+
x sin
y=y cos
y =
= 3(x) 2x+5
2
y 3(x) + 2x 5 = 0
y
x3
x3
2y 2
x
2
x 3x 6
y 5 =0
y +x+
y 5 =0
xy 9y + 4x + 4
+x+
2
xy
xy 9y + (4 2
3x 6
Graph the equation by solving for y.
9y + (2 + 4
5 =0
+2
)x + (2 + 4
x)y + (3x + (4 2
y 20 = 0
y 20 = 0
)x 20) = 0
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
Page 36
36.COMMUNICATIONAsatellitedishtracksasatellitedirectlyoverhead.Supposey =
the dish when it is oriented in this position. Later in the day, the dish is observed to have rotated approximately 30.
a. Write an equation that models the new orientation of the dish.
b. Use a graphing calculator to graph both equations on the same screen. Sketch this graph on your paper.
SOLUTION:
a. y =
x ,
=30
y = xsin +ycos
y=
x+
x+
y =
x+
y =
x+
y =
12x + 12
(x)
2
y = 3(x) 2
0 = 3(x)2 2
xy +
(y)
xy + (y)
2
xy + (y) 12x 12
b.
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
Page 37
12x + 12
y = 3(x) 2
0 = 3(x)2 2
xy + (y)
2
xy + (y) 12x 12
b.
ANSWER:
a. 3(x)2 2
b.
xy + (y) 12x 12
y= 0
37.x2 2xy + y 2 5x 5y = 0
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
x 2xy + y 5x 5y = 0
2
2
y + (2x 5)y + x 5x = 0
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
Page 38
37.x2 2xy + y 2 5x 5y = 0
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
x 2xy + y 5x 5y = 0
2
2
y + (2x 5)y + x 5x = 0
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
y=
y=
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
Page 39
y=
y=
ANSWER:
39.8x2 + 5xy 4y 2 = 2
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
8x + 5xy 4y = 2
2
2
4y + (5x)y + 8x + 2 = 0
y=
y=
y=
Page 40
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
40.2x2 + 4
xy + 6y + 3x = y
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2x + 4
2
6y + (4
=y
=0
xy + 6y + 3x
x 1)y + 2x + 3x
y=
y=
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
y=
Page 41
xy + 6y + 3x = y
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2x + 4
2
6y + (4
=y
=0
x2
y = 12
xy + 6y + 3x
x 1)y + 2x + 3x
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
41.2x2 + 4xy + 2y 2 + 2
SOLUTION:
2x + 4xy + 2y + 2
2
2y + (4x 2
x2
)y + 2x + 2
= 12
x + 12 = 0
y=
y = Manual - Powered by Cognero
eSolutions
y=
Page 42
x2
y = 12
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2x + 4xy + 2y + 2
2
2y + (4x 2
x2
)y + 2x + 2
= 12
x + 12 = 0
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
42.9x2 + 4xy + 6y 2 = 20
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
9x + 4xy + 6y = 20
2
2
6y + (4x)y + 9x 20 = 0
y=
y=
y=
Page 43
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
43.x2 + 10
xy + 11y 64 = 0
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
x + 10
2
11y + (10
2
xy + 11y 64 = 0
2
x)y + x 64 = 0
y=
y=
Page 44
xy + 11y 64 = 0
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
x + 10
2
11y + (10
2
xy + 11y 64 = 0
2
x)y + x 64 = 0
y=
y=
ANSWER:
44.x2 + y 2 4 = 0
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
x +y 4 =0
2
2
y +x 4 =0
y=
y=
y=
Page 45
ANSWER:
45.x2 2
xy y + 18 = 0
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
x 2
xy y + 18 = 0
2
y (2
2
x)y + x + 18 = 0
y=
y=
y=
Page 46
xy y + 18 = 0
SOLUTION:
Graph the equation by solving for y.
2
2
x 2
xy y + 18 = 0
2
y (2
2
x)y + x + 18 = 0
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
y=
y=
Page 47
y=
y=
ANSWER:
47.y 2 16x2 = 0
SOLUTION:
2
y 16x
=0
y = 16x
y = 4x
The graph of the conic is equivalent to the graphs of y = 4x and y = 4x.
ANSWER:
intersecting lines y = 4x and y = 4x
Page 48
ANSWER:
7-4 intersecting
Rotations
ofyConic
lines
= 4x andSections
y = 4x
48.(x + 4)2 (x 1)2 = y + 8
SOLUTION:
2
2
(x + 4) (x 1) = y + 8
2
2
x + 8x + 16 (x 2x + 1) = y + 8
10x + 15 = y + 8
10x + 7 = y
The graph of the conic is equivalent to the graph of the line y = 10x + 7.
ANSWER:
line y = 10x + 7
ANSWER:
point at (0, 0)
Match the graph of each conic with its equation.
2
2
a. x xy + y = 2
b. 145x2 + 120xy + 180y 2 900 = 0
2
50.
SOLUTION:
This is the only parabola in the choices of graphs. Use the discriminate to find the related equation.
2
For 16x 24xy + 9y 5x 90y + 25 = 0, B 4AC = 576 576 = 0, so the graph is a parabola.
The correct answer is d.
ANSWER:
d
Page 49
For 16x 24xy + 9y 5x 90y + 25 = 0, B 4AC = 576 576 = 0, so the graph is a parabola.
The correct answer is d.
ANSWER:
51.
SOLUTION:
The only two ellipses are choices a and b. Therefore, the conic must be graphed.
2
2
145x + 120xy + 180y 900 = 0
2
2
180y + (120x)y + 145x 900 = 0
y=
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
b
52.
SOLUTION:
The only two ellipses are choices a and b. Therefore, the conic must be graphed.
2
2
x xy + y = 2
2
y 2 + (x)y + x 2 = 0
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
y=
Page 50
7-4 ANSWER:
Rotations of Conic Sections
b
52.
SOLUTION:
The only two ellipses are choices a and b. Therefore, the conic must be graphed.
2
2
x xy + y = 2
2
y 2 + (x)y + x 2 = 0
y=
y=
ANSWER:
a
53.
SOLUTION:
This is the only hyperbola in the choices of graphs. Use the discriminate to find the related equation.
2
2
2
For 2x 72xy + 23y + 100x 50y = 0, B 4AC = 5184 184 > 0, so the graph is a hyperbola.
The correct answer is c.
ANSWER:
c
54.ROBOTICSAhyperbolicmirrorusedinroboticsystemsisattachedtotherobotsothatitisfacingtotheright.
After
it is rotated,
eSolutions
Manual
- Poweredtheshapeofitsnewpositionisrepresentedby51.75x
by Cognero
2
132.75y = 32,400.
a. Solve the equation for y.
184.5
xy Page 51
ANSWER:
xy
132.75y = 32,400.
a. Solve the equation for y.
b. Use a graphing calculator to graph the equation.
c. Determine the angle through which the mirror has been rotated. Round to the nearest degree.
SOLUTION:
a.
b.
2
2
c. To find the angle of rotation, use Ax + Bxy + Cy + Dx + Ey + F = 0.
cot 2
cot 2
cot 2
tan 2
2
=1
=1
=45
=22.5
ANSWER:
a. y =
eSolutions
Manual - Powered by Cognero
b.
Page 52
=1
=45
=22.5
tan 2
2
b.
c. 22.5
55.INVARIANTS When a rotation transforms an equation from the xyplane to the xyplane, the new equation is
equivalent to the original equation. Some values are invariant under the rotation, meaning their values do not change
when the axes are rotated. Use reasoning to explain how each of the following are rotation invariants.
a. F = F
b. A + C = A + C
2
2
c. B 4AC = (B) 4(AC)
SOLUTION:
2
a. Ax + Bxy + Cy + Dx + Ey + F = 0 is equivalent to A'(x') + B'x'y' + C'(y') + D'x' + E'y' + F' = 0 by rotating the
conic section through
suchthatcot2
ANSWER:
2
a. Ax + Bxy + Cy + Dx + Ey + F = 0 is equivalent to A'(x') + B'x'y' + C'(y') + D'x' + E'y' + F' = 0 by rotating the
conic section through
suchthatcot2
Ax Manual
+ Bxy -+Powered
Cy = by
A'(x')
+ B'x'y'
eSolutions
Cognero
+ C'(y') ;
A must equal A,B must equal B, and C must equal Cinorderforthestatementtobetrue.
2
Page 53
55.INVARIANTS When a rotation transforms an equation from the xyplane to the xyplane, the new equation is
equivalent to the original equation. Some values are invariant under the rotation, meaning their values do not change
when the axes are rotated. Use reasoning to explain how each of the following are rotation invariants.
a. F = F
b. A + C = A + C
2
2
c. B 4AC = (B) 4(AC)
SOLUTION:
2
a. Ax + Bxy + Cy + Dx + Ey + F = 0 is equivalent to A'(x') + B'x'y' + C'(y') + D'x' + E'y' + F' = 0 by rotating the
conic section through
suchthatcot2
ANSWER:
2
a. Ax + Bxy + Cy + Dx + Ey + F = 0 is equivalent to A'(x') + B'x'y' + C'(y') + D'x' + E'y' + F' = 0 by rotating the
conic section through
suchthatcot2
56.x2 + 2xy + y 2 8x y = 0
2
8x + 3xy 5y = 15
SOLUTION:
For each equation, solve for y and use the quadratic formula. Then graph using a graphing calculator.
2
2
x -+Powered
2xy + yby Cognero
8x y = 0
eSolutions Manual
2
y 2 + (2x 1)y + x 8x = 0
Page 54
GRAPHING CALCULATORGrapheachpairofequationsandfindanypointsofintersection.Ifthe
graphs have no points of intersection, write no solution.
56.x2 + 2xy + y 2 8x y = 0
2
8x + 3xy 5y = 15
SOLUTION:
For each equation, solve for y and use the quadratic formula. Then graph using a graphing calculator.
2
2
x + 2xy + y 8x y = 0
2
y 2 + (2x 1)y + x 8x = 0
y=
y=
y=
2
8x + 3xy 5y
= 15
2
2
5y + (3x)y + 8x 15 = 0
y=
y=
y=
ANSWER:
(1.9, 2.3)
57.9x2 + 4xy + 5y 2 40 = 0
2
x xy 2y x y + 2 = 0
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
SOLUTION:
For each equation, solve for y and use the quadratic formula. Then graph using a graphing calculator.
2
Page 55
7-4 (1.9,
Rotations
of Conic Sections
2.3)
57.9x2 + 4xy + 5y 2 40 = 0
2
x xy 2y x y + 2 = 0
SOLUTION:
For each equation, solve for y and use the quadratic formula. Then graph using a graphing calculator.
2
2
9x + 4xy + 5y 40 = 0
2
2
5y + 4x(y) + (9x 40) = 0
y=
y=
2
x2 xy 2y x y + 2 = 0
2
2
2y + ( x 1)y + (x x + 2) = 0
y=
y=
The graphs intersect at four points: (1.9, 2.2), (1.5, 1.5), (1.9, 2.2), (1.9, 0.8).
ANSWER:
58.x2+
xy 3 = 0
16x 20xy + 9y = 40
SOLUTION:
For each equation, solve for y and use the quadratic formula. Then graph using a graphing calculator.
x2 +
xy 3 = 0
xy
=3x
Page 56
58.x2+
xy 3 = 0
16x 20xy + 9y = 40
SOLUTION:
For each equation, solve for y and use the quadratic formula. Then graph using a graphing calculator.
x2 +
xy 3 = 0
xy
y
=3x
2
2
16x 20xy + 9y = 40
2
2
9y + (20x)y + 16x 40 = 0
y=
y=
y=
The graphs intersect at four points: (1.6, 0.1), (0.6, 2.7), (0.6, 2.7), (1.6, 0.1).
ANSWER:
59.MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS In this problem, you will investigate angles of rotation that produce the
original graphs.
a. TABULARForeachequationinthetable,identifytheconicandfindtheminimumangleofrotationneededto
transform the equation so that the rotated graph coincides with its original graph.
Minimum
Equation
Conic
Angle of
Rotation
2
x 5x + 3 y = 0
2
+ 10yby Cognero
= 15
eSolutions Manual -6x
Powered
2xy = 9
Page 57
Minimum
Angle of
Rotation
Equation
Conic
x 5x + 3 y = 0
2
6x + 10y = 15
2xy = 9
b. VERBALDescribetherelationshipbetweenthelinesofsymmetryoftheconicsandtheminimumanglesof
rotation needed to produce the original graphs.
c. ANALYTICALAnoncircularellipseisrotated50 about the origin. It is then rotated again so that the original
graph is produced. What is the second angle of rotation?
SOLUTION:
a.
Equation
2
x 5x + 3 y = 0
2
6x + 10 y = 15
2xy = 9
Graph
parabola
Minimum
Angle of
Rotation
360
ellipse
180
hyperbola
180
The first conic is a parabola because B 4AC = 0. Parabolas can be rotated 360 degrees without repeating the
images.
2
The second conic is an ellipse because B 4AC < 0 and AC. When ellipses are rotated 180 degrees, they are
flipped over and the new image is identical to the old image.
2
The third conic is a hyperbola because B 4AC > 0. When hyperbolas are rotated 180 degrees, they are flipped
over and the new image is identical to the old image.
b. Sample answer: A parabola has 1 line of symmetry and the minimum angle of rotation is a complete circle. An
ellipse and a hyperbola have 2 lines of symmetry and the minimum angle of rotation is a half circle.
c. The ellipse needs to be rotated 180 degrees to reach its initial position. It has already been rotated 50 degrees, so it
only needs to be rotated 180 50 or 130 more degrees.
ANSWER:
a.
Equation
2
x 5x + 3 y = 0
2
6x + 10 y = 15
2xy = 9
Graph
parabola
ellipse
Minimum
Angle of
Rotation
360
180
hyperbola
180
b. Sample answer: A parabola has 1 line of symmetry and the minimum angle of rotation is a complete circle. An
ellipse and a hyperbola have 2 lines of symmetry and the minimum angle of rotation is a half circle.
c.130
60.ERROR ANALYSIS Leon and Dario are describing the graph of x2 + 4xy + 6y 2 + 3x 4y = 75. Leon says that it
is an ellipse. Dario thinks it is a parabola. Is either of them correct? Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION:
2
ANSWER:
eSolutions Manual
2 - Powered by2 Cognero
Page 58
61.CHALLENGE Show that a circle with the equation x2 + y 2 = r2 remains unchanged under any rotation
7-4
2xy = 9
hyperbola
180
b. Sample answer: A parabola has 1 line of symmetry and the minimum angle of rotation is a complete circle. An
ellipse
and a hyperbola
haveSections
2 lines of symmetry and the minimum angle of rotation is a half circle.
Rotations
of Conic
c.130
60.ERROR ANALYSIS Leon and Dario are describing the graph of x2 + 4xy + 6y 2 + 3x 4y = 75. Leon says that it
is an ellipse. Dario thinks it is a parabola. Is either of them correct? Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION:
2
ANSWER:
2
61.CHALLENGE Show that a circle with the equation x2 + y 2 = r2 remains unchanged under any rotation
SOLUTION:
Let x = xcos +ysin andy = xsin +ycos
r2 = x 2 + y 2
2
2
= (x) cos
+2xycos sin +(y) sin
+(x)sin
2
cos
2
2
2
= [(x) + (y) ]cos
2
= (x) + (y)
ANSWER:
Let x = xcos +ysin andy = xsin +ycos
2
2
r2
=x +y
2
2
= (x) cos
+2xycos sin +(y) sin
+(x)sin
2
cos
2
2
2
= [(x) + (y) ]cos
2
= (x) + (y)
canbedescribedasanacuteangle.Explain.
SOLUTION:
TrueSampleanswer:Theaxeshaverotationalsymmetryof90.Anyrotationoftheaxesgreaterthan90will
rotatetheaxesontoitselfforevery90.Thefinalrotationalangle willbetheremaininganglemeasureafter
multiplesof90havebeensubtractedoutoftheoriginalangle.
ANSWER:
TrueSampleanswer:Theaxeshaverotationalsymmetryof90.Anyrotationoftheaxesgreaterthan90will
rotatetheaxesontoitselfforevery90.Thefinalrotationalangle willbetheremaininganglemeasureafter
multiplesof90havebeensubtractedoutoftheoriginalangle.
SOLUTION:
y sin
Page 59
ANSWER:
7-4
TrueSampleanswer:Theaxeshaverotationalsymmetryof90.Anyrotationoftheaxesgreaterthan90will
rotatetheaxesontoitselfforevery90.Thefinalrotationalangle willbetheremaininganglemeasureafter
multiplesof90havebeensubtractedoutoftheoriginalangle.
Rotations of Conic Sections
y sin
SOLUTION:
cos
sin
(x
(y
= xcos ysin )
= xsin +ycos )
x cos
+y sin
x cos
x cos
+y sin
+y sin
x cos
+y sin
=xcos
= + xsin
2
= xcos
ysin cos
+ysin cos
2
+xsin
2
+sin
= x(cos
= x
= xcos ysin
sin (x) = sin (xcos ysin )
2
x sin
= xcos sin ysin
= xsin +ycos
cos (y) = cos (xsin +ycos )
2
y cos
= xcos sin +ycos
x sin
y cos
x sin
x sin
y cos
y cos
y cos
x sin
2
2
= y(sin
= y
+cos
ANSWER:
cos
sin
(x
(y
= xcos ysin )
= xsin +ycos )
x cos
+y sin
x cos
x cos
+y sin
+y sin
x cos
+y sin
=xcos
= + xsin
2
= xcos
= x(cos
= x
ysin cos
+ysin cos
2
+xsin
2
+sin
= xcos ysin
sin (x) = sin (xcos ysin )
2
x sin
= xcos sin ysin
= xsin +ycos
cos (y) = cos (xsin +ycos )
2
y cos
= xcos sin +ycos
eSolutions
Manual - Powered by Cognero
x sin
y cos
Page 60
2
2
+ycos
(xsin +ycos )
x sin
y cos
x sin
x sin
y cos
y cos
y cos
x sin
2
2
= y(sin
= y
+cos
canalsobedefinedastan2
, when AC, or
, when A
= C. Why does defining the angle of rotation in terms of cotangent not require an extra condition with an additional
value for ?
SOLUTION:
writtenintermsoftangenthas0inthedenominatorandis
written
becausethereisnorotationnecessary.
ANSWER:
writtenintermsoftangenthas0inthedenominatorandis
written
becausethereisnorotationnecessary.
65.Writing in Math The discriminant can be used to classify a conic A(x)2 + C(y)2 + Dx+Ey+F = 0 in the xyplane. Explain why the values of AandCdeterminethetypeofconic.Describetheparametersnecessaryforan
ellipse, a circle, a parabola, and a hyperbola.
SOLUTION:
2
Sample answer: The discriminant is defined as B 4AC, or in this instance, (B) 4AC.Sinceaconicthatis
rotated has no Bterm,thediscriminantreducesto4AC.Thus,onlytheAandCtermsdeterminethetypeof
conic. Therefore, 4AC<0wouldbeanellipseoracircle,4AC=0wouldbeaparabola,and4AC>0would
be a hyperbola. For a circle or an ellipse, AandCneedtosharethesamesign.Foraparabola,eitherAorChas
to be equal to 0. For a hyperbola, AandCneedtohaveoppositesigns.
ANSWER:
Sample answer: The discriminant is defined as B 4AC, or in this instance, (B) 4AC.Sinceaconicthatis
rotated has no Bterm,thediscriminantreducesto4AC.Thus,onlytheAandCtermsdeterminethetypeof
conic. Therefore, 4AC<0wouldbeanellipseoracircle,4AC=0wouldbeaparabola,and4AC>0would
be a hyperbola. For a circle or an ellipse, AandCneedtosharethesamesign.Foraparabola,eitherAorChas
to be equal to 0. For a hyperbola, AandCneedtohaveoppositesigns.
SOLUTION:
7-4
Sample answer: The discriminant is defined as B 4AC, or in this instance, (B) 4AC.Sinceaconicthatis
rotated has no Bterm,thediscriminantreducesto4AC.Thus,onlytheAandCtermsdeterminethetypeof
conic. Therefore, 4AC<0wouldbeanellipseoracircle,4AC=0wouldbeaparabola,and4AC>0would
be
a hyperbola.of
For
a circleSections
or an ellipse, AandCneedtosharethesamesign.Foraparabola,eitherAorChas
Rotations
Conic
to be equal to 0. For a hyperbola, AandCneedtohaveoppositesigns.
SOLUTION:
False; Sample answer: The equation may result in a pair of intersecting lines, a single line, a set of parallel lines or a
single point.
ANSWER:
False; Sample answer: The equation may result in a pair of intersecting lines, a single line, a set of parallel lines or a
single point.
Graph the hyperbola given by each equation.
67.
=1
SOLUTION:
=1
2
The equation is in standard form, and h and k both equal zero. Because a = 9 and b = 64, a = 3 and b = 8. The
values of a and b can be used to find c.
2
c =a +b
c2 = 9 + 64
c=
8.54
orientation: In the standard form of the equation, the yterm is being subtracted. Therefore, the orientation of the
hyperbola is horizontal.
center: (h, k) = (0, 0)
vertices: (h a, k) = (3, 0) and (3, 0)
foci: (h c, k) = (8.54, 0) and (8.54, 0)
asymptotes: y k =
(x h)
ANSWER:
Page 62
single point.
ANSWER:
Sample of
answer:
TheSections
equation may result in a pair of intersecting lines, a single line, a set of parallel lines or a
7-4 False;
Rotations
Conic
single point.
67.
=1
SOLUTION:
=1
2
The equation is in standard form, and h and k both equal zero. Because a = 9 and b = 64, a = 3 and b = 8. The
values of a and b can be used to find c.
2
c =a +b
c2 = 9 + 64
c=
8.54
orientation: In the standard form of the equation, the yterm is being subtracted. Therefore, the orientation of the
hyperbola is horizontal.
center: (h, k) = (0, 0)
vertices: (h a, k) = (3, 0) and (3, 0)
foci: (h c, k) = (8.54, 0) and (8.54, 0)
asymptotes: y k =
(x h)
ANSWER:
68.
=1
SOLUTION:
eSolutions
Manual - Powered by Cognero
=1
Page 63
=1
SOLUTION:
=1
2
The equation is in standard form, and h and k both equal zero. Because a = 25 and b = 49, a = 5 and b = 7. The
values of a and b can be used to find c.
2
c =a +b
c2 = 25 + 49
c=
8.6
orientation: In the standard form of the equation, the xterm is being subtracted. Therefore, the orientation of the
hyperbola is vertical.
center: (h, k) = (0, 0)
vertices: (h, k a) = (0, 5) and (0, 5)
foci: (h, k c) = (0, 8.6) and (0, 8.6)
asymptotes: y k =
(x h)
ANSWER:
69.
=1
SOLUTION:
=1
Page 64
The equation is in standard form, and h = 3 and k = 7. Because a = 64 and b = 25, a = 8 and b = 5. The values
of
a and b can be used to find c.
c =a +b
=1
SOLUTION:
=1
2
The equation is in standard form, and h = 3 and k = 7. Because a = 64 and b = 25, a = 8 and b = 5. The values of
a and b can be used to find c.
2
c =a +b
c2 = 64 + 25
c=
9.4
orientation: In the standard form of the equation, the yterm is being subtracted. Therefore, the orientation of the
hyperbola is horizontal.
center: (h, k) = (3, 7)
vertices: (h a, k) = (11, 7) and (5, 7)
foci: (h c, k) = (12.4, 7) and (6.4, 7)
asymptotes: y k =
(x h)
ANSWER:
70.
=1
SOLUTION:
Page 65
70.
=1
SOLUTION:
The ellipse is in standard form. So, a =
andb =
.Therefore,a = 39 and b = 30
c =a b
2
c = 39 30 or 9
a=
c=
or3
0.480
ANSWER:
0.480
71.
=1
SOLUTION:
The ellipse is in standard form. So, a =
andb =
.Therefore,a = 15 and b = 12
c = 15 12 or 3
a=
c=
0.447
ANSWER:
0.447
72.
=1
SOLUTION:
The ellipse is in standard form. So, a =
.Therefore,a = 29 and b = 24
c =a b
eSolutions
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c = 29 24 or 5
a=
andb =
Page 66
e=
0.447
7-4 ANSWER:
Rotations of Conic Sections
0.447
72.
=1
SOLUTION:
The ellipse is in standard form. So, a =
andb =
.Therefore,a = 29 and b = 24
c =a b
2
c = 29 24 or 5
a=
c=
0.415
ANSWER:
0.415
73.INVESTING Randall has a total of $5000 in his savings account and in a certificate of deposit. His savings
account earns 3.5% interest annually. The certificate of deposit pays 5% interest annually if the money is invested
for one year. Randall calculates that his interest earnings for the year will be $227.50.
a. Write a system of equations for the amount of money in each investment.
b. Use Cramers Rule to determine how much money is in Randalls savings account and in the certificate of
deposit.
SOLUTION:
a. Let s = the amount of money in the savings account and let d = the amount of money in the certificate of deposit.
There is a total of $5000 in these accounts, so s + d = 5000. The interest earned on the savings account is 3.5% and
on the certificate of deposit is 5%, so 0.035s + 0.05d = 227.50
ANSWER:
a. s + d = 5000, 0.035s + 0.05d = 227.50
b. savings account: $1500; certificate of deposit: $3500
74.OPTICS The amount of light that a source provides to a surface is called the illuminance. The illuminance E in
foot candles on a surface that is R feet from a source of light with intensity I candelas is E =
, where
is
the measure of the angle between the direction of the light and a line perpendicular to the surface being illuminated.
Verify that E =
isanequivalentformula.
SOLUTION:
Page 67
= 1500
ANSWER:
s + d = 5000,of0.035s
+ 0.05d
= 227.50
7-4 a.
Rotations
Conic
Sections
74.OPTICS The amount of light that a source provides to a surface is called the illuminance. The illuminance E in
foot candles on a surface that is R feet from a source of light with intensity I candelas is E =
, where
is
the measure of the angle between the direction of the light and a line perpendicular to the surface being illuminated.
isanequivalentformula.
Verify that E =
SOLUTION:
=
ANSWER:
=
75.log4 8n + log4 (n 1) = 2
SOLUTION:
log4 8n + log4 (n 1) = 2
log4 (8n)(n 1) = 2
2
log4 8n 8n
=2
2
8n 8n
=4
= 16
8n 8n 16 = 0
2
n n 2 =0
(n 2)(n + 1) = 0
n = 2 or 1. Substituting the solutions back into the equation shows that 1 is not a valid solution because log4 (2)
does not exist. Therefore, 2 is the only valid solution.
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero
ANSWER:
2
Page 68
75.log4 8n + log4 (n 1) = 2
SOLUTION:
log4 8n + log4 (n 1) = 2
log4 (8n)(n 1) = 2
2
log4 8n 8n
=2
2
=4
= 16
8n 8n
2
8n 8n 16 = 0
2
n n 2 =0
(n 2)(n + 1) = 0
n = 2 or 1. Substituting the solutions back into the equation shows that 1 is not a valid solution because log4 (2)
does not exist. Therefore, 2 is the only valid solution.
ANSWER:
2
76.log9 9p + log9 (p + 8) = 2
SOLUTION:
log9 9p + log9 (p + 8) = 2
log9 9p + log9 (p + 8) = 2
log9 [9p (p + 8)] = 2
2
=9
= 81
9p + 72p
2
9p + 72p 81 = 0
2
p + 8p 9 = 0
(p + 9)(p 1) = 0
p = 9 or 1. Substituting the solutions back into the equation shows that 9 is not a valid solution because log9 (1)
does not exist. Therefore, 1 is the only valid solution.
ANSWER:
1
Use the Factor Theorem to determine if the binomials given are factors of f (x). Use the binomials that
are factors to write a factored form of f (x).
Page 69
Because the remainder when f (x) is divided by (x 4) is 0, (x 4) is a factor. Test the second factor, (x 2), with
3
p = 9 or 1. Substituting the solutions back into the equation shows that 9 is not a valid solution because log9 (1)
does not exist. Therefore, 1 is the only valid solution.
7-4 ANSWER:
Rotations of Conic Sections
1
Use the Factor Theorem to determine if the binomials given are factors of f (x). Use the binomials that
are factors to write a factored form of f (x).
Because the remainder when f (x) is divided by (x 4) is 0, (x 4) is a factor. Test the second factor, (x 2), with
3
Because the remainder when the depressed polynomial is divided by (x 2) is 0, (x 2) is a factor of f (x).
Because (x 4) and (x 2) are factors of f (x), we can use the final quotient to write a factored form of f (x) as f (x)
2
= (x 4)(x 2)(x + 5x + 6). Factoring the quadratic expression yields f (x) = (x 4)(x 2)(x + 2)(x + 3).
ANSWER:
yes, yes; (x 4)(x 2)(x + 2)(x + 3)
Because the remainder when f (x) is divided by (x + 5) is 0, (x + 5) is a factor. Test the second factor, (x + 3), with
3
Because the remainder when the depressed polynomial is divided by (x + 3) is 0, (x + 3) is a factor of f (x).
Because (x + 5) and (x + 3) are factors of f (x), we can use the final quotient to write a factored form of f (x) as f (x)
2
= (x + 5)(x + 3)(2x 7x + 3). Factoring the quadratic expression yields f (x) = (x + 5)(x + 3)(x 3)(2x 1).
ANSWER:
yes, yes; (x + 5)(x + 3)(x 3)(2x 1)
79.SAT/ACT P is the center of the circle and PQ = QR. If rPQR has an area of 9
D 6 9
E 12 9
Page 70
Because (x + 5) and (x + 3) are factors of f (x), we can use the final quotient to write a factored form of f (x) as f (x)
2
= (x + 5)(x + 3)(2x 7x + 3). Factoring the quadratic expression yields f (x) = (x + 5)(x + 3)(x 3)(2x 1).
7-4 ANSWER:
Rotations of Conic Sections
yes, yes; (x + 5)(x + 3)(x 3)(2x 1)
79.SAT/ACT P is the center of the circle and PQ = QR. If rPQR has an area of 9
SOLUTION:
PQ = PR because they are both radii. Since PQ also equals QR, the triangle is equilateral and the angle of the sector
is60.
Let r equal the radius of the circle and the base of the triangle.
bh
36 = r2
6 =r
Sincetheangleofthesectoris60,theareaofthesectoris
The area of the shaded region is 6 9
r =
(6) = 6.
ANSWER:
D
Page 71
7-4 ANSWER:
Rotations of Conic Sections
D
(y 1) + 5
SOLUTION:
2
ANSWER:
H
SOLUTION:
2
4x 2xy + 8y 7 = 0
2
B 4AC = 60 which is less than 0, and B0,sotheconicisanellipse.Alloftheotheroptionsareeliminated.
The correct choice is A.
ANSWER:
A
=1 and (x 3) + y = 9 have?
F 0
G1
H 2
J 4
SOLUTION:
Graph both equations.
Page 72
7-4 ANSWER:
Rotations of Conic Sections
A
=1 and (x 3) + y = 9 have?
F 0
G1
H 2
J 4
SOLUTION:
Graph both equations.
ANSWER:
H
Page 73