SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

AND MONITORING
A Project Proposal
For B.E. IV Project
(Electronics Engineering)
Faculty of Technology and Engineering

By:
Amin Maulin Riteshbhai
Solanki Deep Kishorbhai
Tuvar Nitesh Bharatbhai

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I.

Introduction

There are many technologies which are used for waste collection as well as for
well managed recycling. In this project, we have introduced an integrated system
combined with an embedded system of Zig-Bee, RFID and GSM. The proposed emonitoring system is an embedded system that consists of RFID technology
interfaced with ARM 7 micro-controller and a computerized software. The sensors
would be placed in the common garbage bins placed in the public places. When the
garbage reaches the level of the sensor, then that indication will be given to ARM 7
Controller. The controller will give indication to the driver of garbage pick-up truck
as to which garbage bin is completely filled and needs urgent attention. ARM 7 will
give indication by sending SMS using GSM technology. In conventional approach a
number of trucks collect the solid waste (SW) and then transport and transfer
these SW in a pre-specified location, but all the above jobs are not properly
monitored. Municipal authority can monitor the SW collecting status through the
system and can generate different reports to improve the performance of their
service. The prototype, that would be developed in this project can be further
improved and used for commercial purpose.

II. Background
Green environment is one of the most important demands of the 21st century.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) takes a huge role in polluting the environment.
Proper management is required for efficient and effective removal and utilization of
the generated MSW. Here we propose an e-monitoring system which consists of an
embedded system and computer based software integrated with RFID, ZigBee and
GPRS technology. Using the proposed system, the municipal authority can monitor
the waste collection status effectively.
A lot of polluting sources like haze and emissions are generated from the
indiscriminate dumping of MSW. MSW includes households refusal and solid
wastes generated from industrial, commercial and institutional establishments
such as hospitals, markets, streets and industry etc. Now-a-days with the increase
in the population of a country and its rapid growth of urbanization and
industrialization, the growing volume of MSW and its appropriate management
have become more acute to ensure green environment. In the conventional
approach, a number of trucks from the municipal authority are sent to the waste
bins to collect the solid waste (SW). The wastes are loaded in the truck and then
transported and transferred to the pre-specified locations. However, the category of
the people involved in collecting and transporting the wastes are usually not
responsible enough to make the job well done. Very often the wastes are not
collected from each and every waste bin properly due to drivers attitude and

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fatigue. The conventional waste collection and management approach has the
following problems:

Lack of information about the collecting time and area.

Lack of proper monitoring system for tracking all activities related to solid
waste management.
Loss of productivity due to inefficient utilization and unauthorized use of
vehicles.
There is no quick response to urgent cases like overflowing garbage bins,
truck accident, breakdown, long-time idling.
There is no quick way to respond to a client's complaint about uncollected
waste.

The proposal focuses on the following basic objectives:

To develop an electronic monitoring system for solid waste management.

The system will have the facility to send SMS to the workers and supervisors.
The system will also have ability to monitor regular visits by the cleaning
staff, at the bins, thus, ensuring that the garbage thrown outside the bins
by the less civilised population of society is picked-up and is put inside the
bins for a pick-up later by a garbage pick-up truck.

III.

Implementation

1) Objective of the system installed at the garbage bins: The sensor placed in the
garbage bin will detect the amount of garbage in the bin. Whenever it exceeds
the pre-determined limit, the sensor would send a signal to the main office
asking for the bin to be emptied.
2) Objective of the system installed inside the garbage pick-up truck: This system
will record the date of garbage pick-up from a particular bin. This would help in
scheduling future pick-ups and also in managing the most actively used garbage
bins, this in return would allow the pick-up staff to avoid trips to empty garbage
bins and would also ensure the attendance of pick-up staff at the bins.
3) Objective of the RFID cards given to the sweepers: It is no good, when,
sometimes people throw the garbage outside - in the area surrounding the bins.
This RFID card would ensure that the cleaning staff visits the site daily to pick
up the garbage from the surroundings. This off-site attendance monitoring
system would ensure regular visits from the cleaning staff.
4) Objective of the system installed at the office: This is the main system with does
the dual task of receiving the monitoring signals as well as managing the waste
regularly. It does the task of showing when either of bins is full and thereby
avoiding the case of dirty overflowing bins because of neglect by the staff. It
would also calculate and schedule a garbage pick-up based on the last pick-up.

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IV. Major Components

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

Ultrasonic Sensor
RFID Tag
Zig-Bee Module
ARM 7 C
RS-232 Cable

6)
7)
8)
9)

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GSM Module
8051 based C
RFID Reader
LCD

V. Suggested Names
VI.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)

Versatile Solid Waste Management System.

Solid Waste Management using smart electronic modules.
GSM, Zig-Bee and RFID based Solid Municipal Waste Management system.
WARM Waste and Re-pick-up Monitoring/Management.
Intelligent Solid Waste Management System.
Cosmopolitan Solid Waste Management with Wireless Monitoring.
Off-site Municipal Solid waste monitoring and management.

VII.
VIII.References
IX.
1) Md. Liakot Ali, Mahbubul Alam and Md. Abu Nayeem Redwanur
Rahaman RFID Based E-monitoring System for Municipal Solid Waste
Management. IEEE December 2012
2) Mrs. Kanchan Mahajan and Prof. J.S. Chitode Zig-Bee Based Waste
Management System. IJESRT February 2014. ISSN: 2277-9655
3) Vicentini, F. Giusti, A., Rovetta, A., Fan, X., He, Q., Zhu, M., & Liu, B.
(2008). Sensorised waste collection container for content estimation and
collection optimization. Waste management.29, 1467-1472

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