The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon / Arr. From Notes of Edward T. Newell With Comments and Additions by Sydney P. Noe

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.
39015010553603
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
THE ALEXANDER COINAGE OF SICYON
ARRANGED FROM NOTES OF EDWARD T. NEWELL
WITH COMMENTS AND ADDITIONS
BY SYDNEY P. NOE
NUMISMATIC STUDIES
No. 6
THE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC SOCIETY
NEW YORK
1950
FOREWORD
It was Mr. Newell's definite intention to publish a complete survey of the coinage
of Alexander the Great. For years his research and studies were moving in that
direction, and most of his published studies contributed toward the final picture.
His way was ever to get all material together first; this he had largely done. With
his notebooks, casts, data, and published works, there remains the possibility of
carrying out his plan. So one can say today that his work, begun so long ago,
required only his leisure to put it together. The American Numismatic Society has
begun the task of putting together his material. The hope is to carry right on
through the survey according to the outline given by Mr. Newell.
In making a start, however, it seemed best to begin with a clear and easily defined
issue such as Sicyon. But this will in no way disturb the actual order of his plan.
This city comes in what he planned as his second volume. Naturally one approaches
this work with diffidencea work which would have been so wonderfully carried
out by Mr. Newellbut, with all this material available it would indeed be failing
in duty to delay longer in carrying out his plans.
The American Numismatic Society expresses its appreciation of Mrs. E. T.
Newell's generosity in loaning casts and notebooks as well as for her helpful sugges-
tions and advice. The task of putting together the data collected by Mr. Newell
and of interpreting it has been performed by Mr. Sydney P. Noe. We are grateful
for the eminently successful way in which he has accomplished this work.
The scope of the task Mr. Newell set for himself and the means by which he
proposed to attain it are best set forth in the words of a draft prepared by himself
Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

for its introduction.
The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon
DRAFT OF AN INTRODUCTION TO A PROJECTED
STUDY OF THE COINAGE OF
ALEXANDER THE GREAT
By Edward T. Newell
The term "Alexander Coinage" is both grammatically incorrect and partially
inexact for the work of which the present volume is the first. The term has, how-
ever, after mature deliberation, been finally adopted because of its succinctness
and because the great bulk of the coinage here treated does bear the name and
types first introduced by the great Macedonian. To grasp the true meaning of
the coinage, especially in its later phases, there have been added associate coinages
in all metals which were issued from time to time, though they may not bear types
in any way connected with those of Alexander. For it so happened that frequently
after the latter's death, his successors struck the bulk of their coinage with his
types but added to it, for various reasons, principally commercial, an additional
coinage in gold, silver or copper bearing their own names and types. Or again,
they would strike the bulk of their coinage in numeraries bearing their own types
but added to this a smaller issue, say of gold staters, bearing the old Alexander
types. As all of these coins would be part of a single issue and would usually be
signed by the same magistrates, it has been felt by the writer to be wrong to sep-
arate them merely in order to keep within the strict meaning of the chosen title.
Furthermore, these various categories of types, in almost every instance, together
formed a single coinage and it would completely destroy all coherence and appre-
ciation of the extent, scope and purpose of these coinages to make a separation
based upon whether they bore Alexander's types or not. Therefore, for instance,
we should discuss the posthumous Philip coinage along with that of Alexander,

because these two coinages were obviously contemporaneous, were struck in the
same mints and signed by the same magistrates. Though possibly issued for
different purposes they were none-the-less part and parcel of one and the same
coinage, and should therefore be treated together in any work which makes some
attempt, however slight, at completeness.
No apology is necessary for attempting once more to describe, elucidate and
attribute the enormous coinage which bears the name and types of Alexander of
Macedon. Although this was done with great thoroughness by Ludwig Miiller
in 1859, so much new information and so many new varieties have come to light
since then, that this would be reason enough to attempt the great task again. Es-
pecially is this the case as Miiller, following the universally accepted theories of
his times, believed that the majority of the symbols appearing on these coins
should be explained as the parasema of the issuing cities. That this theory was
correct in numerous instances time has only proved the more. But time, the
repeated observations of various students, the appearance and study of many coin
Foreword
hoards has also proved beyond the peradventure of a doubt that the great bulk of
monograms and symbols occurring throughout the Alexander coinage could have
little or nothing to do with the mints which actually issued it. This fact neces-
sarily brings to nought M tiller's laborious dispersion of the Alexander coins to in-
numerable mints according to the locality to which a particular symbol would seem
to point. Therefore, we can accept a monogram or symbol as being that of the
issuing city only after due and carefully weighed consideration of the length of
time it was used, the region whence our coins bearing this particular symbol usually
come, the style and fabric of the coins themselves, and the inherent probabilities of
each separate case. Only in this way can we reach a definite and acceptable conclu-
sion. Where a symbol or monogram is obviously not that of a city, the writer has ac-
cepted the opposite conclusion that it is probably the signet of the responsible magis-
trate; whether this again is strictly true in every case is hardly susceptible of really
definite proof. This is inherently probable, but the symbols might conceivably be at
times neither more nor less than arbitrarily adopted signs by which various issues could
be distinguished by those in authority. On the Alexander coinage we seldom find
the elaborate system employed by Athens which, with its symbols and accompany-
ing two or three magistrates' names, makes it possible to show that these symbols
belong to the principal one of these magistrates and therefore disappear from the
coinage with his withdrawal from office. In the following pages, when the writer
uses the term magistrate's symbol it should be considered as having been used in
a general way (unless there is a distinct statement to the contrary) for the symbol
which cannot be the parasemon (and therefore a mint-mark in the full term of the
word) of the issuing city.
Obviously the only scientific method to pursue which had any hope of tangible

results was a work based upon a careful study and comparison of dies. An initial
essay in this field was made by the writer in 1912 in his Reattribution, where he
was able to show that a study of dies proved the fallacy of Mtiller's system for
the bulk of the Alexander coinage. Later, similar though more advanced studies
were made of the Alexandrine issues of Sidon, Ake, Tyre, Myriandos, Sinope and
Cyprus. The reception accorded these initial attempts at even a partial solution
of the "Alexander question," has encouraged the writer to gird himself for the
Herculean task of sorting, studying and attributing the Alexander coinage as a
whole. The writer is aware of the many shortcomings which such a work will
inevitably present. He has undertaken the colossal task both because a beginning
must some time be made, and because he hopes that by his labors at least a little
order will have been brought out of chaos. It will then be easier for future students
not only to recognize mistakes but to rectify them and to attempt a more complete
solution of the many problems presented.
CONTENTS
Introduction 9
The Catalogue"
Notes to the Catalogue 25
Group 1 25
Group 11 26
Group III 28
Group IV 30
The Sicyon Hoards 34
The Sicyon Symbols 37
Conclusion 37
Index of Symbols 39

Index of Letters and Monograms 41
INTRODUCTION
When the collection bequeathed to The American Numismatic Society by
Mr. Edward T. Newell was received, it was well known that the mintages of Alex-
ander the Great had received the preponderance of his attention. It is doubtful,
however, that anyone had a realization of the thoroughness with which he had
pursued the objective he had set himself. The representation of the coins of
Alexander the Great in his cabinet excels any elsewhere, for it comprises not only
thousands of Alexander's coins but casts of unique pieces of all of the great national
cabinets and most of the private collections of importance. Even more im-
pressive than the mass of the data was the order in which it had been kept. The
purpose of this orderliness is made clear in the general introduction which precedes.
This introduction is one of at least two drafts made by Mr. Newell. It is possible
to date the earlier one as having been made sometime after the publication of his
"Sidon and Ake"that is, 1915. This one may be dated about 1923 since it
mentions having published the study of the coinage of Tyre (1923). Although
this introduction was written not long after 1923, it requires but little thought to
understand why the work upon this self-imposed task had never been started.
In 1927, the volume on the coins of Demetrius Poliorcetes appeared. This was not
a step aside, for the issues of Demetrius are invaluable for dating the Alexander
types which they supersede. Many of the monographs which followed and which
were produced with such ease and fluency have further direct or indirect bearing
on the Alexander problems toward which he was consistently working. The
volume on the Eastern Seleucid Mints which appeared in 1938, to be followed in
1941 by the Western Seleucid Mints had the same sort of relationship to the Alex-
ander coinage as did that of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and were a further preparation
for the plan outlined in the introduction. This became more and more evident
from his notes although they are in a sort of "shorthand" of his own. Study has

made it possible to follow them with some degree of precision.
The choice of Sicyon as the first city to receive attention was dictated by
several considerationsone, that the mint output was not very large; two, that its
coinage was well represented in Mr. Newell's Collection and, three, that his notes
offered few complications notwithstanding the fact that they had not been revised
since 1936, at which time the Armenak Hoard coins were acquired by hima
hoard which contained coins of Sicyon which he did not add to his notes. Sicyon's
coinage began during Alexander's lifetime, extended beyond the year at which most
of Mr. Newell's publications stop (280) and may have continued to 251 B. C. when
Sicyon joined the Achaean League. Of the mints treated by him, only Sinope
extends beyond 280, although Seleucid issues for Alexandreia Troas and Pergamum
provide minor exceptions. Since no one would have had the courage to undertake
10
the entire problem broached in Mr. Newell's introduction, the choice of Sicyon
offered the most logical beginning.
Fortunately for us, there had been occasion to touch upon the coinage of
Sicyon in Mr. Newell's published works. The monograph devoted to the Demanhur
Hoard indicates that publication of the Sicyonian Alexanders was intended;1 that
on the Olympia Hoard2 illustrates new symbols possibly not Sicyonian, while
valuable data are to be found in the volume on the coinage of Demetrius Polior-
cetes,3 especially for dating. Notwithstanding all these aids, there are times when
it is clear that a decision has been postponed until further facts were obtained. In
discussing the pieces in the Olympia Hoard, Mr. Newell noted that this hoard
showed "in how incomplete a manner the Peloponnesian Alexander series has come
down to us."
Discussion which would retard publication has been avoided, but references to
such discussion by others, when known, are given in the notes which follow the
catalogue. These notes are the work of the compiler and are not to be understood
as statements of Mr. Newell.
Acknowledgment is gratefully made to the many institutions which have
generously furnished casts of their Sicyonian Alexanders as well as to the individuals
mentioned in the catalogue.
New York Sydney P. Noe
January 4, 1950.
1 Alexander Hoards//. Demanhur (Num. Notes & Monogr. No. 19), p. 76. Hereafter cited as Demanhur.
Alexander HoardsIV. Olympia (Num. Notes & Monogr. No. 39). Plate III. Hereafter cited as
Olympia.

The Coinages of Demetrius PoliaTcetes (London, 1927). Hereafter cited as Demetrius.
CATALOGUE
Brevity is the aim in the descriptions which follow; unnecessary repetitions are
eliminated. Since each variety is illustrated, the catalogue will be consulted
chiefly for the locations and weights of the specimens recorded. Because the dies
were not fixed, die-positions have not been given.
A number has been given to each of the varieties and this number is printed
at the beginning of the description of that variety. Thereunder are listed the die-
combinations known and each combination is given a number following the decimal
point. For example, the first tetradrachm (No. 3) has eight die-combinations
the last of these is therefore numbered 3.8. In the next column, the anvil and
punch dies are given numbers preceded by A and P. For this first tetradrachm-
issue there are four anvil and seven punch dies. Two of the anvil dies carry
over to the tetradrachm No. 4. On the plates, such die-combinations are indi-
cated at the bottom of the page. Where the anvil die is connected with more
than one reverse die, this is shown by placing a line above the numbers involved
II1II
(3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6) thus repeating what is shown in the second column of the cata-
logue. When the combination is one of reverse dies, the connecting line is placed
below the numbers involved (24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4).
I J 1
The next column of the catalogue gives the name of the collection from which
the piece has come. Here we have used the abbreviations which served in the
monograph Kolophon and Its Coinage (Num. Notes & Monogr. No. 96) by Prof. J. G.
Milne. Generally these consist of the initial letter of the city in which the respective
cabinet is located. Pieces in the Society's own cabinet are cited as ANS. Those
owned by Mr. Newell, ANS-ETN, with addition of GDAM to indicate the for-
mer ownership of the Grand Duke Alexander Michailovitch. Pieces from the

collection of Sir Ronald Storrs, acquired in large part by the American Numismatic
Society in 1947, are abbreviated ANS-Storrs. The chief abbreviations other than
these are as follows:
A. Athens L. London
B. Berlin M. Munich
C. Cambridge O. Oxford
Cop. Copenhagen P. Paris;
F. Florence V. Vienna
12
GROUP I.
330/25 to c. 318 B.C.
1. DISTATER. Athena head to r. AAESANAPOY on r. Nike standing,
wearing crested Corinthian helmet with facing 1., holding stylis in 1., and
coiled serpent decoration. wreath in outstretched r. In 1. field,
youthful figure with outstretched r.
arm, facing 1.
1.1 Al-Pl a. ANS. gr. 17.20
6. B. (Prokesch-Osten, Num. Zeit, Vol. 3, 1871, p. 55, No. 1.)
2. STATER Similar to No. 1. Similar to No. 1.
2.1 A2-P2 a. ANS-ETN. gr. 8.60
b. L. gr. 8.59
c. B. (Prokesch-Osten, Inedita, 1859, No. 18; Num. Zeit., Vol. 3,
1871, p. 55, No. 2.)
3. TETRADRACHM. Head of Her- AAESANAPOY on r. Zeus enthroned
acles to r. wearing lion's skin. Circle to 1., resting 1. hand on sceptre and
of dots. holding eagle in outstretched r. In 1.
field, youthful figure similar to that on
Nos. 1 and 2.
8.1
A3-P3
ANS-ETN.
P-.
17.15
S.S

A4-P4
ANS-ETN (Demanhur Hoard).
gr.
17.55
s.a
P5
ANS-ETN.
gr.
17.70
8.4
P6
gr.
17.30
8.8
P7
gr.
17.15
8.6
P8
Dattari Coll., Cairo (Demanhur Hoard ?).
gr.
17.11
8.7
A5-P8
a.
gr-
17.15
b.
Naville I, 1921 (Pozzi), 901, ex Egger XL.May 1912, 634.
gr.
17.24
8.8
A6-P9
a.
gr.
17.14
b.
ANS-Storrs (probably Demanhur Hoard).
gr.
Catalogue
13
6. DISTATER. (Muller No. 4.) Sim- Similar to No. 1, but with vertical ful-
ilar to No. 1. men in 1. field and A beneath wing.
6.1 A8-P13 a. ANS-ETN, ex Naville XIII, 494.
ex Ratto, June 1929, 247. gr. 17.20
b. Glasgow, Hunter, Vol. I, p. 296, No. 4. gr. 17.17
c. HirschXXI, 1210. gr. 17.14
7. DISTATER. (Mailer No. 5.) Fulmen as on No. 6 but with A beneath
Similar to No. 1. wing.
T.l
A8-P14
C. Leake (Syll., IV, 3, 2093).
gr.
17.13
T.S
PIS
A. Saroglos, ex Egger XXXIX, Jan. 1912, 254; ex Egger XLV,
Nov. 1913, 485.
gr.
17.20
T.S
P16
CommercePiatt Fixed Price Cat., Coll. A, 159.
7.4
A9-P17
A. ex(?) Naville XIV, 198 and Ratto, Apr. 1927, 566.
17.21
7.6

gr.
A10-P18
Turin.
gr.
17.12
7.6
A11-P19
ANS-ETN.
gr.
17.20
7.7
A12-P20
The Hague.
7.8
P21
Naville XIII, 1928, 495.
gr.
17.19
7.9
A13-P22
L.
gr.
17.10
7.10
P23
Hirsch XVI, 375.
gr-
17.17
7.11
P24
Hirsch XXIX (Lambros), 242.
gr.
17.12
7.12
P25
Arthur J. FechtColl., ex Sotheby, June 1911 (Sandeman), 101.
gr.
17.23
7.13
P20
Egger XLI, Nov. 1912, 377.
14
12. STATER. (Mailer No. 638).
Similar to No. 2.
12.1 A17-P35 L.
13. TETRADRACHM. Heracles head
with slight differences from foregoing
issues.
13.1 A18-P36 a. ANS-Storrs.
b. ANS-ETN. (PI. IIl)
c. ANS-ETN.
13.3 A19-P36 a. Cairo. Dattari.
b. ANS-ETN.
14. TETRADRACHM. (Miiller No.
637). Similar to No. 13.
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.6
14.6
14.7
567). Die of No. 14.7.
16.1 A23-P43 a. ANS-ETN.
b. ANS-ETN.
c. ANS-ETN.
gram.

Similar to No. 11, but without mono-
gr. 8.57
Similar to No. 3, but youthful figure
has small die-break beneath out-
stretched arms.
gr. 17.23
gr. 17.14
gr. 17.01
gr. 17.01
Similar to No. 13.
gr. 17.17
gr. 16.90
gr. 16.73
gr. 17.18
gr. 16.57
gr. 16.51
gr. 16.75
gr. 17.14
In 1. field, a barley ear. Differences
in form of throne.
gr. 17.23
gr. 17.22
gr. 16.90
A20-P37 a. Cat. H. Weber, No. 2096.
b. O. Davidson.
A21-P38 L. (Possibly = A19)
A22-P39 ANS-ETN, ex Egger XL, May 1912, 635.
P40 ANS-ETN (small segment removed).
P41 Formerly Sir R. Storrs Collection.
P42 a. ANS-ETN (Haynes' Babylon Hoard).
b. B.
c. A. (Epidaurus Hoard, Eph. Arch., 1903.) PI. VII, 2.
A23-P42 a. ANS-ETN (Demanhur Hoard).
b. P.
16. TETRADRACHM. Die of Nos. In 1. field, a goat's head to 1. Eagle is
14.7 and 15. facing.
16.1 A23-P44 a. ANS-ETN. gr. 17.16
b. B. (Prokesch-Osten, Num. Zeit. Vol. 1, 1869, p. 37, No. 71.)
c. B.
d. ANS-ETN. gr. 17.07
Catalogue
15
GROUP II.
17. TETRADRACHM. (Mailer No.
409). Head of young Heracles to r.
wearing lion's skin. Circle of dots.
17.1 A24-P45 P.
17.2 A25-P46 ANS-ETN.
17.3 A26-P47 Mrs. Edward T. Newell.
17.4 A27-P48 Petsalis Coll.
17.6 P49 ANS-Storrs.
BASIAEQS in exergue and AAESAN-
APOY on r. Zeus enthroned to 1., rest-
ing 1. hand on sceptre and holding
eagle in outstretched r. In 1. field, star.
Beneath throne, Back of throne
visible. Cf. also PI. XIII, A.
gr. 16.57
gr. 16.39
18. TETRADRACHM.
No. 17.
Similar to Similar to No. 17; below star in 1. field,
monogram, 9- Beneath throne or
18.1
18.2
A28-P50
P51

A. Saroglos.
a. ANS-ETN.
b. ANS-Storrs.
gr. 17.08
gr. 17.08
19. TETRADRACHM. Similar to
No. 17.
19.1 A29-P52 B.
No. 17.
20.1 A30-P53 P.
20.2 A31-P53 Gotha.
20.3 A32-P54 A. Saroglos.
21. TETRADRACHM.
No. 17.
Similar to
21.1 A33-P55
21.2 PS6
ANS-ETN.
ANS-Storrs.
Inl. field, wreath enclosing dove. Be-
tween struts of throne, A and cornuco-
piae. The feet of Zeus rest on tiny
footstool.
In 1. field, wreath. Beneath throne, A.
Similar to No. 20, but without BA-
SIAEQS in exergue.
gr. 17.13
gr. 17.09
22. TETRADRACHM. (Muller No.
22.1 A34-P57 L.
22.2 PS8 a. A.
b. Cop. Syll. (Maced.), 734.
22.3 A35-P59 a. P.
b. V.
In 1. field, Nike r., extending laurel
wreath. Above struts of throne A-
gr. 17.04
gr. 17.12
gr. 16.3S
16
22.4 A36-P58
22.6 A37-P58
22.6 A38-P60
22.7
ANS-ETN.
A.
ANS-ETN.
b. ANS-ETN.
P61 a. A. Saroglos.
b. B.
B.
22.8 A39-P62
No. 17.
23.1 A40-P63 a. P.
b. ANS-ETN.
c. Spink, 1921-2.
23.2 A41-P64 a. A. Saroglos.
4. ANS-ETN.
c. F. Mus. Arch.
23.3 P65 o. ANS-ETN, ex GDAM.
b. B.
23.4 A42-P66 o. B.
b. A. (Epidaurus Hoard.)

gr. 17.06
gr. 16.90
gr. 16.67
Nike as on No. 22. Beneath throne
NO.
gr. 16.66
gr. 16.78
gr. 17.16
gr. 16.68
In 1. field, chimaera r. Beneath throne,
NO.
24.1
A42-P67
a.
ANS-ETN.
gr.
16.86
b.
ANS.
gr.
17.10
24.2
P68
a.
A. Saroglos.
6.
M.
gr.
16.37
c.
Sofia.
gr.
16.75
24.3
A41-P67
B. Y. Berry Coll.
24.4
P68
a.
ANS-ETN.
gr.
17.01
Catalogue
17
26.1 A44-P80
C. McClean, 3442.
ST.
16.97
26.2 A45-P81
Egger XL, May, 1912, 650.
ST.
16.78
26.3 P80
A. (Sparta Hoard.)
ST.
16.25
26.4 A46-P82
a.
B.
b.
Boston. Warren 655.
ST.
17.14
26.6 A47-P83
ANS-ETN.
ST.
17.09
26.6 A48-P84
Mrs. Edward T. Newell.

26.7 A49-P85
A. Saroglos.
26.8 P86
B.
26.9 A50-P87
ANS-ETN, ex GDAM.
ST.
17.12
26.10 A51-P82
a.
M.
b.
ANS. (Chisel-marked.)
ST.
16.98
26.11 A52-P88
L.
ST-
17.13
26.12 A53-P89
ANS-ETN (- Bunbury Sale, Sotheby, June 1896, 765 = O'Ha-
gan Sale, Sotheby, May 1908, 313).
sr.
17.14
26.13 A54-P90
ANS-ETN (Armenak Hoard).
BT-
17.05
27. TETRADRACHM. Similar to In 1. field, Heracles r., leaning on club.
No. 17. Beneath throne, I.
27.1 A47-P91 L. Num. Chron., 1900, PI. XIII, 6 = Sotheby 1900 (Late
Coll.), 208. gr. 17.00
27.2 A55-P92 ANS-ETN = Bunbury Sale, Sotheby, June 1896, 766 (2).
(Cf. Num. Chron., 1883, p. 7). gr. 17.12
28. TETRADRACHM.
No. 17.
GROUP III
Similar to
In 1. field, aphlaston; beneath throne,
NO.
28.1 A56-P93 ANS-ETN.
28.2 A57-P94 a. V. Hollschek.
b. Milan.
18
30.1 A57-P104
30.2 P105
30.3 A61-P106
30.4 A62-P107
30.6 Pi 08
30.6 P109
30.7 A61-PU0
30.8 A63-P111
30.9 PU2
31.1 A63-P113 o. B.
b. Leningrad, Hermitage.
81.2 PU4 ANS-ETN.
31.3 A64-P115 M.
32.1 A61-P116 a. Leningrad, Hermitage.
b. V.
32.2 Pi 17 a. ANS-ETN.
b. Sofia.
No. 17.
33.1 A65-P118 ANS-ETN.

36.1 A65-P124
36.2 A66-P125
36.3 Pi 26
36.4 A68-P127
36.6 Pi 28
gr. 16.81
gr. 17.10
gr. 16.93
gr. 16.59
gr. 17.17
gr. 16.88
As on No. 28. Beneath throne, HP
or r-P. BA2IAEQS in exergue.
gr. 16.97
gr. 17.12
In 1. field, amphora. Beneath throne,
AE.
gr. 16.73
gr. 17.12
gr. 15.80
In 1. field, horse's head 1.
gr. 16.38
Horse's head as on No. 33. Beneath
throne, AE.
gr. 16.59
gr. 17.05
gr. 17.13
gr. 16.90
gr. 16.98
gr. 16.63
In 1. field, cornucopiae. Beneath throne
NO.
Formerly Sir R. Storrs Coll.
B.
A.
ANS-ETN. gr. 17.04
B. (No Nikes on throne.)
B. (No Nikes.)
Cop. Syll. (Maced. 732). (No Nikes.)
a. ANS-ETN (Armenak Hoard).
Catalogue
19
36.6 A69-P129
36.7 A70-P130
36.8 P131
36.9 A71-P132
36.10 P1 29
36.11 P1 33
36.12 P1 34
36.13 A72-P135
36.14 A73-P136
36.16 A74-P137
36.16 P138
36.17 P1 39
36.18 A75-P140
a. Leningrad, Hermitage.
6. ANS-ETN (Armenak Hoard).
P.
ANS-Storrs.
Yakountchikov Coll.
ANS-ETN.
A. Saroglos Coll.
C.
B.
A.
V.

McClean Coll., PI. 127, 11.
(Epidaurus Hoard.)
Hollschek Coll.
ANS-ETN, ex GDAM.
ANS-ETN.
ANS-ETN.
gr. 17.20
gr. 16.73
gr. 17.10
gr. 16.97
gr.
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr.
gr.
17.50
17.07
16.99
16.62
17.02
17.12
17.12
GROUP IV.
36.1 A73-P141 ANS-ETN.
36.3 P142 a. B.
b. F. Mus. Arch.
c. Cop. Syll. (Maced.), 731.
36.3 P1 43 ANS-ETN.
36.4 A71-P144 M.
37. TETRADRACHM. (Mailer No.
37.1 A76-P145 Boston.
37.3 P146 a. M.
b. L.
37.3 A77-P147 V.
No. 17.
38.1 A78-P148 0. B.
b. Petsalis.
20
40.2 P151 o. A. (Epidaurus Hoard, Eph. Arch., 1903, PI. VII, 7.)
b. L.
c. M.
40.3 P152 a. L.
b. M.
c. Cop. Syll. (Maced.), 735.
40.4 A80-P152 Commerce. (Svoronos, TA No^lu^oeTa ... IlToXe^ailwv, PI.
I, 20.)
40.6 A81-P153 B.
40.6 A82-P154 ANS-ETN (Olympia Hoard, 69).
gr. 16.83
gr. 16.02
gr. 17.70
gr. 16.78
gr. 16.78
gr. 16.82
No. 17.
Athena as on No. 40. No letters be-
neath throne.
41.1 A83-P1S5 Leningrad, Hermitage.
41.2 Pi56 a. B.
b. ANS-ETN (Olympia Hoard, 68).
gr. 16.76

No. 17.
Athena as on No. 40. Beneath throne,
F.
42.1 A84-P157 ANS-ETN (Olympia Hoard, 72).
gr. 16.76
In 1. field, youth r. with arms raised,
holding fillet. Beneath throne, NO.
No Nikes on back of throne.
43.1 A85-P158 a. ANS-ETN. gr. 17.11
b. A. Saroglos Coll.
43.2 A86-P159 C. Leake (Kings, p. 5, 15). Perhaps an electrotype. gr. 16.60
No. 17.
44.1 A87-P160
B.
Similar to No. 43, but in 1. field, youth
faces 1. Beneath throne,
No. 17.
46.1 A88-P161 a. ANS-ETN.
46.2 P162 o. B. (Beneath throne, Q>.)
b. A.
46.3 Pi 63 A.
Youth as on No. 44. Beneath throne,
bird r. above \&. Nikes on back of
throne. No inscription in exergue.
gr. 17.06
868). Identical with No. 45, but die
worn.
46.1 A88-P164 a. ANS-ETN.
b. L.
c. L.
d. B.
Similar to No. 45.
throne.
No bird beneath
gr. 16.60
gr. 16.80
gr. 16.65
Catalogue
21
871). Die of No. 45; much worn.
47.1 A88-P165 ANS-ETN.
47.2 P166 a. L.
b. B.
48. TETRADRACHM. Die of Nos.
45-47.
48.1 A88-P167 D. M. Robinson Coll.
Similar to No. 46. Beneath throne, p.
gr. 16.16
gr. 16.72
Similar to No. 46 but with a crescent in
1. field behind youth.
gr. 15.82
Similar to No. 46. Beneath throne, J.
49.1 A89-P168
49.2 P1 68
L. (Coins of the Ancients, PI.
A. Saroglos Coll. Die P168
SO. TETRADRACHM. (Muller No.
867). Die of No. 49, but worn.
31.) gr. 17.04
with addition of 2 to 1. of youth.

Similar to 49.2, but beneath throne, W.
80.1 A89-P169
60.2 P1 70
Formerly Sir R. Storrs Coll.
ANS-ETN.
51. TETRADRACHM. Head of Her-
acles of broad style, differing from pre-
ceding
81.1 A90-P171 o. Cop. Syll. (Maced.), 733.
b. ANS.
52. TETRADRACHM. Die of No.
51.
62.1 A90-P172 ANS.
No. 51.
65.1 A91-P173
63.2 A92-P174
63.3 A90-P175
ANS.
ANS-Storrs.
Commerce (bird erased?).
No. 51.
64.1 A93-P176 a. ANS-ETN, ex Waldeck Coll.
b. L.
c. B.
66.1 A93-P177 A.
66.2 P178 a. B.
b. ANS-ETN.
Pi 79 P.
gr. 17.01
In 1. field, youth with fillet; bird flying
to 1. above head of youth. Beneath
throne, <D.
gr. 16.68
gr. 16.95
Youth and bird as on No. 51. Beneath
throne, ffi-
gr. 17.10
Youth and bird as on No. 51. Beneath
throne, E or G.
22
In 1. field youth with fillet 1.
throne, ft.
Beneath
66.1
C6.2
A94-P180
P181
B.
ANS.
57. TETRADRACHM. Die of No. 56.
67.1 A94-P182 B.
gr. 15.92
In 1. field, youth with doubled fillet 1.
Beneath throne, Similar to fore-
going but larger in scale. Legs of throne
as in Nos. 55 and 56.
Similar. In 1. field, trident 1. Beneath
throne, [o]. The Nikes are larger than
in previous
on P183.
occurrences. Pearl-border

68.1 A95-P183 a. A.
b. C. McClean Coll., PI. 130, 1. gr. 16.80
c. L. (Coins of the Ancients, PI. 31.) gr. 16.85
d. ANS-ETN. gr. 16.73
e. Jameson Coll., 989. gr. 16.63
/. Egger XL, May 1912, 651 = Hess Sale, March 1906, 297. gr. 17.23
g. Naville I, 1921 (Pozzi), 930. gr. 16.85
h. Riechmann XXX, Dec. 1924, 453. gr. 16.49
B.
68.2
P184
In 1. field, Athena to 1., with shield
and spear on which tiny owl is perched.
Beneath throne, AE. Throne similar
to P184.
69.1 A96-P185
69.2
P186
a. A.
b. ANS-ETN.
c. C. McClean Coll., PI. 127, 12.
d. L.
e. B.
/. B.
o. ANS-ETN, - Sotheby July, 1909 (Hazlitt), 57.
b. ANS, ex Hirsch XXVI, 1910, 156.
c. Sotheby Sale, May 1900, 207.
d. Basel IV, Oct. 1935, 633.
e. P. De Luynes Coll., 1651.
gr. 16.95
gr. 17.03
gr. 16.48
gr. 17.12
gr. 17.00
gr.
16.92
17.00
Athena as on No. 59 but figure smaller
in scale. Beneath throne, 9E.
Catalogue
23
60.3 P189 a. A.
b. A.
c. L.
60.4 P190 A. Saroglos Coll.
60.6 A97-P191 a. ANS-ETN.
b. B.
60.6 A98-P192 B.
No. 17.
61.1 A99-P193 a. Rome. Vatican Coll.
b. B.Y. Berry Coll.
gr. 16.87
gr. 16.92
Athena as on No. 60. Beneath throne.
OA.
No. 17.
Athena similar to No. 60 but with
round shield covering upper part of
body. Beneath throne, AE.
68.1 A100-P194 ANS-ETN, ex GDAM (cf. Hirsch XXXIV, 1914, 295). gr. 16.80
893). Stylized head of Heracles in
high relief.
In 1. field, mounted Dioscuroi to 1. Be-

neath throne, AAE. Nikes dispropor-
tionately large, the one to 1. exceeding
its companion.
63.1 A101-P195 a. A.
b. ANS-ETN.
c. B.
d. 33 specimens in Patras Hoard (Num. Chron. 1853, p. 33).
gr. 16.81
No. 17.
64.1 A102-P196
64.2 P1 97
L.
ANS-ETN.
No. 17.
66.1 A103-P198 B.
No. 17.
66.1 A104-P198 Brussels (de Hirsch).
67.1 A105-P199
67.2 P200
67.3
67.4
67.6
L.
O. Davidson Coll.
P201 a. ANS-ETN.
b. A.
c. B.
P202 ANS.
P203 B.
In 1. field, trident pointing upward.
Beneath throne, AA. Difference in
throne.
gr. 17.17
gr. 16.53
Trident as on No. 64. Beneath throne,
0E.
Same die as No. 65 with A to r. of tri-
dent.
24
68.1 A105-P204 a. L.
b. B.
Fulmen as on No. 67.
A. In exergue A-
Beneath throne
gr. 16.98
69. TETRADRACHM. Notably dif-
ferent die.
69.1 A106-P205 B.
69.2 P205 Turin.
70.1 A106-P204 o. ANS-ETN.
b. A.
c. B.
Similar to No. 67 but Nikes well-de-
fined, and with traces of a possible
monogram in exergue. 0 added to re-
verse of 69.2.
gr. 16.85
Same die as No. 68 with exergual letters
changed to AA-

gr. 16.95
NOTES TO THE CATALOGUE
GROUP I.
Symbols: Youth, Rudder, Fulmen, Barley-ear, Goat's head.
The lower limit for the dating of this group is fixed by the occurrence of nearly
all of its silver components in the Demanhur Hoard, the date for the burial of which
is 318 B. C.1 In 1921, in his discussion of the Kyparissia Hoard,2 Mr. Newell
stated that "about 330 B. C.and certainly by 325 B. C.a large issue of staters
and tetradrachms bearing Alexander types was instituted at Sicyon." No speci-
mens of these tetradrachms occur in the Kyparissia Hoard buried in 327 B. C.
The interval covered by the group is therefore from between 330 and 325 B. C. to
before 318 B. C.
The only gold assigned to the Sicyon mint by Mr. Newell, if we except the
coinage of Demetrius Poliorcetes,3 belongs to this period. The preponderance of di-
staters is not without significance; other, and probably contemporary, issues of this
rather exceptional denomination are found at Amphipolis.
The youthful figure which occupies the space usually given to the magistrate's
monogram or the initial letters of the name of the city issuing the coinage, has been
accepted since M tiller's day as indicating Sicyon.
Mtiller's assignment is supported in an extended note published by Ernest
Babelon in the Revue Numismatique for 1904 (p. 117). The figure is there associ-
ated with the youth holding a fillet (Nos. 43.1-57.1, PI. XIV-XV) although the fact
that more than half a century separates the appearance of these symbols is not
realized. M. Babelon believes that the attitude of the youth with a fillet signifies
a scene of divination through observation of the flight of birds. Mr. Newell noted
what he believed a connection between Nos. 13.1 and 51-54 because of the presence
of the bird which is to be seen on the later issue, but the fleur-de-coin specimen
which was acquired by The American Numismatic Society with the Sir Ronald

Storrs Collection shows clearly that on 13.1 this is not a bird but a die-break.
The tiny figure in the gold and silver of the first issue is very boyish, almost
cherubic, while the youth holding the fillet is nearer the age of an ephebe. There is
considerable variation in the position taken by the figurenote 3.1 as compared
with 3.2, 4.2 and especially with 12.1 and 14.2.
Mr. Newell's arrangement is easy to follow. The gold coins provide the key.
The initial issue with the suppliant alone, precedes the issue with the suppliant and
rudder. The magistrates' initials A and A accompanied by a fulmen as symbol
(PI. II) appear on a large group of di-staters with a single stater issue and no accom-
panying issue of silver, a most interesting phenomenon whose interpretation invites
1 Demanhur, p. 153.
* Alexander HoardsIntroduction and Kyparissia Hoard (Num. Notes & Monogr. No. 3), p. 14.
* Demetrius, p. 144.
25
26
speculation. Cannot the mint of Sicyon have been supplying some of the "sinews"
of the Lamian War?
Beginning with No. 9.1, there is reversion to the symbol of the original issue
(this time with a slight change of attitude) but now with the magistrate of the
intervening issue. The symbol on the silver parallels that on the gold coinage
with amazing closeness. The die-mulings make the sequence indicated practically
inescapable. No magistrate's initials appear on the silver. One would hardly
venture assigning Nos. 15.1 and 16.1 to Sicyon were it not for the muling of the
obverse die with 14.7. The facing eagle on the reverse of No. 16.1 is very unusual,
but so is the goat's head symbol. The barley-ear occurs as a symbol at other mints
Amphipolis, Alexandria, and Miletus, for example.
In Mr. Newell's manuscript notes there is a marked gap between this first
series and the one which follows. We are told that Ptolemy "freed" Sicyon of its
Macedonian garrison in 308 B. C. (Polybius xx, ll-118th Olympiad). After
the death of Antipater in 319, Polyperchon and his son Alexander were in control in
the Peloponnesus, and it was the widow of Alexander, Cratesipolus, who surren-
dered Sicyon to Ptolemy (308). Neither Polyperchon nor his son has a coinage
attributed to him. There seems no good reason why Sicyon may not have been
striking autonomous coins in this interval previous to its control by Ptolemy.
Duting the period of Ptolemy's occupation, coins are believed to have been struck
by him at Corinth;1 another Ptolemy mint at near-by Sicyon would have been
superfluous.
GROUP II
Symbols: Star, Wreath, Nike, Chimaera, Elpis, Heracles.
We have noted that there was probably no coinage at Sicyon during the occu-

pancy of Ptolemy I, 308-303 B. C. In his tentative identification of a brief coinage
at Sicyon by Demetrius after he had regained possession in 290 B. C, Mr. Newell
implies that Alexander-type tetradrachms were struck there by him between 303
and 301 B. C.2 This procedure would have been in keeping with the practice of
both Antigonus and Demetrius, and we may accordingly look for support for the
identification of the initial issues of the group (those having the star and wreath
for symbols) as having appeared between 303 and 301 B. C.
The occurrence of BA2IAEQ2 in the exergue of all the issues with the star for
symbol and for all but two of those with the wreath symbol shows that they must
have been struck after the use of this title by the successors of Alexander had become
general. There may be significance in its abandonment. Cannot this have been
an indication and a consequence of the reverses incident to Ipsus? Both Polybius
and Plutarch tell of the removal and renaming of the city by Demetrius after its
"freeing" from Ptolemy. The star symbol occurs on the issues of Demetrius
1 Cf. Ravel, O. "Corinthian Hoard from Chiliomodi," in Trans, of the International Numismatic Congress
(London, 1938), p. 104.
Demetrius, p. 146.
Notes to the Catalogue
27
struck at Ephesus at this time1 and the wreath is another symbol in which it would
not be unreasonable to see a reference to benefits received by Sicyon from Demetrius
in connection with its transfer to a more easily defensible situation. Further, the
number of dies with the kingly reference would cover a period which would approxi-
mate the duration of the control of Demetrius. Additional support comes from an
inscription found in the Athenian Agora in 1935 published by E. Schweigert in
Hesperia in 1939 (p. 35), from which Dr. Ferguson has deduced2 that the alliance
treaty between Athens and Sicyon which it records must be dated "late in 301."
The mention in the decree of the Athenians of t&v rj(j.ov t6v SikuuvImv prohibits
an earlier date. Since there must have been a gap following the ousting of the
Macedonian garrison, it would seem to have come during the use of the wreath as
symbol, with Nos. 19 and 21 to be explained as due to the exigencies of the situation.
Wreath (Nos. 19-21; PI. IV).
The first of these coins is remarkable for the dove within the wreath in the left
fielda peculiarly and distinctively Sicyonian symbol. It is coupled with a second
symbolcornucopiaebeneath the seat of the throne, where this second symbol
is accompanied by the tiny letter A. This letter recurs on five other dies bearing
this symbol, three of which bear BASIAEQ2 in the exergue. In none of these
pieces with the wreath does the delta enclose omicron as in the preceding coins
with the star as symbol.
Nike (Nos. 22-23; PI. V).
The figure of Nike bearing a wreath used as a symbol is intriguing and sugges-
tive of similar uses elsewhere, e. g., Tarsus. A relationship to the seated Zeus may
be intended, whereas, in contrast, the figures of Elpis (PI. VII) and the boy of Plate
I face away from him. With the exception of a single coin, the style is excellent.

There are nine obverse and ten reverse dies. It is unusual that reverse die
P58 is muled with three obverse dies. Two of the obverse dies carry over to the
chimaera issue.
Chimaera (Nos. 24-25; PI. VI).
The coins of the group bearing this symbol are connected with the Nike group
by the continued use of the obverse dies Nos. 41 and 42 as well as by the carrying
over of the magistracy of NO. One obverse die is used with no less than twelve
reverses.
There may be significance in that the chimaera, the city's badge, is shown
facing toward Zeus, just as did the Nike figure. Such a use of the civic emblem is
common at a later date with the spread-flan tetradrachms of Muller's Class VI.
Its employment as early as this is exceptional.
The use of the chimaera symbol lasted for the life of less than three obverse
1 Demetrius, p. 64 ff.
Hesperia, Vol. XVII (1948), p. 126, note 39.
28
diestwo of these dies were used with the preceding Nike symbol. This seems to
imply that the symbols changed annually and that die No. A41, starting in one
year had been used well into the succeeding year. It might explain the civic and
local rather than personal or magisterial nature of the symbols of Sicyon.
Elpis (No. 26; PI. VII).
The figure of Elpis, the symbol for this group, is one of the daintiest to be
found anywhere, and the die-cutter of No. 26.9 must have been a gifted artist, for
not only is the seated Zeus beautifully modelled but this excellence extends to the
obverse die as wellan excellence which does not mark the obverses of the entire
group. The enlargement (Plate XVIII) shows how strongly a sculptural proto-
type is suggested. The proportion of obverse to reverse dies is greater than in the
preceding groupprobably an indication that additional mulings are to be expected
as further hoards come to light. The use of die No. A47 (No. 26.5) with the Her-
acles die (No. 27.1) is noteworthy.
Heracles (No. 27; PI. VIII)
Up to the present, there are but two specimens of the type with the resting
Heracles for symbol, and these are from two pairs of dies, although one obverse die
is also muled with a reverse having Elpis as its symbol (No. 26.5). But the con-
trast in the style of these two obverses is startling, although Wroth in describing
the British Museum specimen at the time of its acquisition1 says that No. 27.1 is
'almost identical' with No. 27.2. He further states that "the Herakles symbol, as
Bunbury has already noted2 closely resembles the well-known Farnese Hercules in
the Naples Museum. This statue is a product of the Neo-Attic school and is
signed by Glykon, the Athenian, a sculptor who probably flourished towards the
end of the first century B. C. The motive of the statue has been usually traced to

a Resting Heracles by Lysippus, but for the general treatment, and especially for
the exaggeration of the muscular forms, Glykon, and not Lysippus, must be held
responsible." Pausanias mentions having seen a bronze Heracles by Lysippus at
Sicyon.
This is the first use of the initial three letters of the magistrate's name if we
except the monogram of Nos. 18.1 and 18.2.
GROUP III
Symbols: Aphlaston, Amphora, Horse's head, Cornucopiae.
Aphlaston (Nos. 28-31; Pis. VIII and IX).
For a very informative and helpful explanation of the significance of the
aphlaston used as a symbol or as part of the type, see Agnes Baldwin Brett, "The
1 Num. Chron., 1900, p. 278.
* Num. Chron., 1883, pp. 7 f. No. 27.2 is the Bunbury specimen.
Aphlaston, Symbol of Naval Victory or Supremacy on Greek and Roman Coins" in
Trans. of the International Numismatic Congress (London, 1938), pp. 23 ff. It is
not uncommon as a symbol elsewhere on the Alexander coinage, nor is it easy to
distinguish the Sicyonian form from others. One of these is attributed by Mr.
Newell to an uncertain mint of Northern Greece. Its significance as indicating a
naval victory makes its association with Sicyon hard to understand unless it has
some reference to the return of the victorious Demetrius Poliorcetes. This is a
possibility since we have several of these tetradrachms occurring in the Armenak
Hoard dated by Mr. Newell as having been buried c. 280. The regal coins of
Demetrius believed to have been struck by him at Sicyon are dated by Mr. Newell
c. 290 B. C. (Demetrius, p. 145). The initial absence and subsequent replacement
of BASIAEQ2 in the exergue would fit in with such a supposition, since this usage
would reasonably follow the regaining of the control of the Sicyonians by Demetrius.
The workmanship stops short of being fine. Note the apparently beardless
Zeus of No. 30.5. There are interesting variations in the form of the aphlaston.
Anvil die A57 is muled with eight reverses by three magistrates (NO, AE, and AO)
and A61 connects the aphlaston with the amphora group (No. 32).
Amphora (No. 32; PI. X).
But two reverse dies with the amphora for symbol are recorded. In Mr.
Newell's arrangement, owing to an overlapping of his serial numbers, they follow
the horse-head group but because of the sharing of their single obverse die with an
obverse die of the aphlaston series (Nos. 30.3, 30.7) they have been shifted to their
present position.1 Other occurrences of the amphora as a symbol on Alexander
types are found at Chios, Myrina, Temnos, Sardes, Pella and at more than one
uncertain mint. The magistrate AE has his initials on three successive groups.
The workmanship on the dies is of continued excellence.

Horse's Head (Nos. 33-34; PI. X).
Mulings make this series seem more extensive than it really is, for of the four
obverse dies three carry over into the cornucopiae issues following. There is but a
single magistrate, AE, although his initials do not occur on No. 33.1. Six reverse
dies are combined with the four anvil dies. BASIAEQ2 occurs in the exergue
throughout. The horse-head symbol also occurs at Magnesia.
Cornucopiae (No. 35; Pis. XI-XII).
Although three obverse dies carry over from the preceding series, the magis-
trate NO is the only one found with the cornucopiae group. This name has occurred
previouslywith symbols Nike, chimaera, Elpis and aphlaston, although not as
sole magistrate except in the Elpis group. The number of the dies and the use of
1 Judging from the wear on the obverse die, this issue with the amphora may have preceded the aphlaston
issue also.
30
A74, with its disfiguring break, point to a stepped-up coinage and possibly to more
than a single year's duration for the use of the cornucopiae as symbol. There is a
steady deterioration noticeable in the obverse dies, but this is not apparent for the
reverses. BA2IAEQ2 is in its customary exergual position.
There is, however, in this series the beginning of a convention which is distinc-
tivethe treatment of the throne, if the seat of Zeus can be so called. On Pis. I and
III, this seat takes the form of a stool or square bench. Although the head of Zeus
is usually in profile or almost so, the upper portion of his body is shown facing, to
accommodate the holding of his sceptre, while his legs are turned so that they are
on the side rather than the front of the seat.
A notable change had taken place at Sicyon by the time the coins on Plate IV
had been strucki. e., about 303. The lower portion of the throne had by that
time become more substantial and a back had been provided, increasing the die-
cutter's difficulties. Frequently the part played by the back in the composition is
minimized, either by making it of slighter thickness than the legs or by the merest
indication of the top of the left upright beyond the right shoulder of Zeus. Some-
times the back is omitted altogether (Nos. 17.3 and 22.7). A cross-piece which con-
nects the two uprights is likewise given summary treatment in many dies, while a simi-
lar cross-piece near the top, which is structurally necessary, is sometimes visible behind
the shoulder of the god. A problem in perspective results. The designer, as we
have seen, solved this by presenting the upper part of the figure as supported by
the back, although the head and legs are shown in profile. The treatment of these
details as well as those of the eagle and sceptre in the other mints using the types of
Alexander provide more variety than is generally realized.
That variety, however, finds a new expression in the tiny figures of Nike which

appear on the tips of the uprights of the throne-back. Later, they become very
prominent and it is by working back from the later occurrences that one discovers
they were introduced during the life of this group. A number of these little figures
will be found among the enlargements of Plate XVIII, but a powerful glass will
reward the examination of their occurrences from this point onward. Compare the
use of similar tiny Nikes on the stylis held by Nike on the gold staters of Sidon.1
GROUP IV
Symbols: Demeter, Athena, Youth with fillet, Dioscuroi, Trident, Fulmen.
Demeter (No. 36; PI. XII).
There are two obverse and four reverse dies, A71 having been used with four
reverses in the preceding group and A73 with one. The magistrate EXE does not
occur elsewhere in the series. The figure holds a cornucopiae and patera. No.
35.14 was in the Epidaurus Hoard, dated by Mr. Newell as having been buried
after 285. This gives an approximate dating for these two groups.
1 E. T. Newell, The Dated Alexander Coinage of Sidon and Ake (New Haven, 1916), p. 25.
31
Athena I (Nos. 37-39; PI. XII).
The symbol-figure which accompanies the name OAY (or OA) is clearly in-
tended to represent Athena on Nos. 38.1 and 39.1. On Nos. 37.1 and 37.2, this figure
is facing, but there is slight room for doubt that here, too, Athena is intended. The
enlargement (cf. Plate XVIII) makes the details clearer. Attention might be directed
to the part played by the spear in all three variations, even in No. 39.1 where a tiny
Nike is held in the outstretched hand of the goddess. Is it not probable that the
wreath encircling the magistrate's initials on Nos. 37.1-3 may indicate that he was a
victor in some agonistic contest? Encircled monograms are found beneath the
throne in other mints, and wreathed initials or monograms occur in the field, but
wreathing a name beneath the throne may have had some additional significance.
The absence of any muling with the preceding group may indicate an interval without
coinage. No. 39.1 does not have the Nike finials. In each instance, the symbol-
figure is shown standing on what may be considered a pedestal or statue-basis.
Athena II (Nos. 40-42; PI. XIII).
The figure of Athena on coins of this group is shown facing to 1. with crested
helmet and threatening spear. On two pieces there is indication of a ground-line.
The magistrate is EY, but his initials do not occur on Nos. 41.1 and 41.2. On No.
42.1, we have a digamma replacing EY. For the sharing of the obverse die of No.
40.6 with two radically different reverses shown on PI. XIII, consult the discussion of
the Olympia Hoard (p. 35) from which all these pieces were obtained.
Youth with Fillet (Nos. 43-57; Pis. XIV-XV).
This group, with a youth holding a fillet for its symbol is not only one of the
largest but one of the most puzzling in the coinage of Sicyon. Its identification
with Sicyon is certain because of a bronze coin with this youthful figure in the same

attitude (cf. enlargement on Plate XVIII). The reverse of this bronze coin has a
wreath enclosing the first two letters of the city's name.
This group may be examined from three approaches: (1) the magistrates, (2)
the symbol, (3) the form of the Zeus throne.
The magistrates are eight in number: NO, 0E, W5. . 5. 1*1 and & The
first of these, NO, we have met previously and over an extended period. His name
is found on the series with Nike for its symbol, on the chimaera group, and on those
with Elpis, the aphlaston and the cornucopiae.
In two of these (Elpis, cornucopiae), his are the only initials found so far.
For the others, he shares responsibilities with one (Nike, chimaera) or with three
others (aphlaston). The significance of this is not clear. What historical data
concerning Sicyon we have, records constant factional strife and NO's name on
widely separated issues is possibly to be explained as a consequence of such party
politics. The absence of connection between symbol and magistrate calls for note.
NO has two pairs of dies. No mulings have been found. E, the second of the
32
magistrates listed, has these letters joined, with a peculiar stroke preceding the
theta. There is a considerable increase in the scale of the figure of Zeus. As
with the dies of NO, BA2IAEQ2 is found in the exergue of the first reverse. For
the other two, and for the rest of this series and for those which follow, this title no
longer occurs. 0E uses three pairs of dies. Any attempt to see in this a break
with Antigonus Gonatas must also answer the query "Why, then, did the use of
Macedonian types continue?" Possibly one of the tyrants mentioned by Plutarch
may have been responsible for omitting BA2IAEQ2.
The monogram for HEPA . . . takes three forms, fcsP, p and fo>. We
cannot be sure that it is the same as the HP and |-P seen on the chimaera and aphlas-
ton issues but it probably parallels the recurrence of the NO initials if this is the
correct deduction. HEPA. . . employs more dies than any other of these six
magistrates, at least four obverses, but no less than fourteen reverses. On three
reverse dies, we find the large 2 to be discussed in connection with the next magis-
trate, 5- Die A88 is given hard usage; seven reverses are coupled with it, and
A89 is used with three or four dies (No. 49.2 seems to be the same or a recutting of the
reverse of 49.1, with 2 added).
No. 49.1 bears the monogram 2 beneath the throne. No. 49.2 which has the
same obverse, may be identical as to reverse also. It is encrusted so that it is
difficult to be certain. But even though otherwise the same, a large 2 has been
added in front of the youthful figure in the 1. field. This, as we have seen, is found
on Nos. 50.1 and 50.2 but not elsewhere on the coinage. It can hardly be interpreted
as other than the initial of Sicyon. It seems independent of the symbol-figure.
ft has been found on two reverse dies, which show a common obverse, and the
last magistrate's name, A I, is found on a single die.

The symbol, a youth holding a long fillet, has been mentioned in connection
with the initial issue, and the conclusion was that their only connection rests in the
fact that both were struck at Sicyon. The varied positions leave no doubt that the
intent is to represent a figure in action, but there is no agreement as to the signifi-
cance of this action. On five or six of the reverses, a bird (dove?) appears flying
above the figure and like the large initial 2, this connotes Sicyon. On three others,
a wreath occupies the same position. A bird also appears beneath the throne on
Nos. 45.1-3. The fillet seems to be an enlarged lustration fillet and clearly shows a
terminal tassel.
Such a lengthy fillet would have to be especially prepared, and such a prepara-
tion would suggest that its use was ritualistic. Since the dove was the civic badge
used extensively on the Sicyon coinage, it is tempting to see a connection of the
youth and his fillet with the bird above, but, as we have seen, a bird also occurs
beneath the throne on three reverses, obviously with no relation to the youth.
The wreath might indicate that the youth officiating in this suggested ceremonial
had been a victor in the games, and chosen for that reason. The enigma must be
left unsolved.
33
The Nike finials to the throne of Zeus are sometimes present, sometimes lacking.
Another detail deserves attention. There are 21 1 varieties recorded for this
symbol; six of these are represented in the Newell Collection and two others in the
collection of Sir Ronald Storrs. Many of these are of a superior state of preserva-
tion. One of the finest of Mr. Newell's specimens was once in the Prince Waldeck
Collection (No. 54.1). It shows clearly a detail which, because its occurrence here
can be fixed as before 251 B. C, may have usefulness in dating its introduction
elsewhere. The enlargement (Plate XVIII) shows that the legs of the throne are
carved with tiny sphinxes. On this specimen they face outward; on Nos. 55.1 and
55.2, the sphinx on the r. leg faces to 1. When a coin is worn, as is No. 52.1, it is
almost impossible to be sure which way it does face. As will be seen, this "conven-
tion," for such it seems to become at other mints, lasted for but five dies at Sicyon.
Athena III (Nos. 59-62; PI. XVI).
The Athena on this group differs from those which have preceded (Pis. XII-
XIII). Here, she is trailing her spear, and on it a tiny owl is perched. Helmet
and shield are clear. The figure is three-quarters facing (See Plate XVIII). Three
magistrates officiate, AE, 0E and OA. The last-named we have met previously
(No. 37) and there also associated with an Athena for symbol. There is, however,
the difference in scale to which allusion has been made and Mr. Newell's placement
is supported by the huge eagle and the position of the spear. AE is represented by
two reverses and a single obverse which is taken over by and used with four more
reverses. On No. 60.1, the symbol is small and dainty and the die-workmanship is
excellent, but for No. 60.6, all details including both symbol and Nikes are increased
in scale and the die-cutting is decidedly inferior.
A variant Athena, with helmet and trailing spear, but with shield shown in the

full round rather than in perspective as heretofore is connected with AE as magis-
trate in a single pair of dies of only fair quality.
Dioscuroi (No. 63; PI. XVII).
This beautiful tetradrachm with the mounted Dioscuroi for symbol and AAE
as magistrate is represented by a single pair of dies. The absence of the exergual
BA2IAEQS and the size of the Nikes confirm its placement here. Thirty-three
specimens are reported to have been found in the Patras Hoard (cf. later discussion
of hoards)the ones traced number only three!
Trident I (No. 58; PI. XVI).
Two reverses and a single obverse die represent the tenure of the magistracy
for coining by fo). The symbol, an ornate trident, occurs laterwith AA and 0E.
On these reverse dies, the throne supports large, almost obtrusive Nikes. The Nike
at the left is slightly the largerthe companion is crowded between the head of
Zeus and the tip of the sceptre.
34
Mr. Newell's placement of this type in the series is ambiguous. The treatment
of the jaw of the lion-skin on the obverse (cf. with No. 59.1), and of details such as
the foot-stool and the Nike figures of the reverse have necessitated its being located
before the Athena Group.
Trident II (Nos. 64-66; PI. XVII)
The vertical trident with tips upward, seems separated in time from Nos.
58.1-2. AA has not served as magistrate previouslyhere, he has one obverse
and two reverse dies. 0E occurs in the preceding group as well as with the youth
holding a fillet. He owns to two obverse dies. Compare also the tetradrachm C
on PI. XIII, where there is very great disparity between the workmanship of ob-
verse and reverse. This variety, like the Olympian Hoard pieces shown on the
same plate, comes from a Peloponnesian Hoard of which only a small section was
available for study. The style of the obverse die is utterly different from anything
in the entire coinage of Sicyon. The reverse, too, is strangenote the treatment of
the hair of Zeus and the misunderstood cutting of the throne-back. The weight
is 16.56.
Fulmen (Nos. 67-70; PI. XVII).
The fulmen group, apparently the last of the issues with Alexander types for
Sicyon, has for magistrates $I and AP. On No. 69.2, the letter 0 appears to the left of
the fulmen, having been added to the die used with No. 69.1. The second magistrate,
AP takes over two obverse dies which had been used by his predecessor, but with
them he employs but a single reverse. This reverse is doubly remarkable. The
die-break which connects the brow of Zeus with the wing of Nike is barely visible
on No. 68.1; whereas on No. 70.1 it extends from the left rim of the die to the initial
stroke of the A of AAESANAPOY. The exergue provides further peculiarities.

The earlier state shows the letter 0 below the cross-stroke of an alpha or possibly a
lambda. On No. 70.1, we find what looks like AA, with the cross-stroke of the
second A fainter than the first, so faint as to suggest that it may have been cut
mistakenly and rectified by the cutting of the first letter's cross-stroke.
The only drachm for the entire coinage is reproduced on PI. XIII from a cast.
It is in the collection of the Athens Museum. The symbol is a fulmen, closely
similar to that of the tetradrachm on PI. XVII. The monogram or letter beneath
the throne is apparently encrusted, in consequence it is difficult to state whether or
not it consists of more than the letter T which does seem clear. A Nike to the left
of the head of Zeus is discernible. Drachms with Alexander's types at this period
are exceedingly rare for Greece proper.
THE SICYON HOARDS
There are four hoards which are of importance in dating the Sicyon Alexanders.
I. The Demanhur Hoard has already been mentioned as fixing the date of Group
I. This Egyptian hoard was discovered in 1905. It received careful study by
35
Mr. Newell who revised a first publication (1912) in a more detailed consideration
in 19231 Here, it is shown that this great treasure must have been deposited in the
earth in 318 B. C. Consequently, the coins in our Group I, since the latest of them
were all represented in this hoard, must be dated before 318 B. C.
II. The Armenak Hoard, 1927 (Noe 67). This hoard, summarized in a note
supplied by Mr. Newell in the second edition of the Bibliography of Greek Coin
Hoards2 is mentioned in Eastern Seleucid Mints* p. 23, with added data. Mr.
Newell's date of burial, c. 280 B. C, must have received careful checking for this
entry, and the large number of Lysimachus tetradrachms which it contained, none
of which were posthumous issues, is a basis for this dating. This hoard contained
Sicyon tetradrachms with the symbols Elpis, aphlaston and cornucopiae (Nos.
26.13, 29.5, 35.6). Since these must come before c. 280 B. C, the aphlaston type
and the cornucopiae may have some implication of Demetrios Poliorcetes' re-
possession of Sicyon in 290. Mr. Newell assigns gold and silver issues in the name
of Demetrius to the Sicyon mint for this year.
The aphlaston with its usual connotation of a naval victory has an allusion that
is obvious.
III. The Olympia Hoard provides more complications than helpfulness for this
study. Found in 1922 and published by Mr. Newell in 1929, it contained along
with coins of Elis, Athens, Aegina, Boeotia, Lysimachus and the Ptolemies I and II,
sixteen tetradrachms of Alexander and five drachms. Among these were Nos.
40.6, 41.2 and 42.1 (Nos. 69, 68 and 72 of Mr. Newell's list of coins in this hoard).
Of these three, 42.1 (72) was unpublished, and Mr. Newell comments on the late-
ness of the digamma beneath the throne. He also pointed out that two other
tetradrachmsone (No. 70; our A on PI. XIII), with a bee for its symbol and IIY

beneath the throne, and another (No. 71; our B on PI. XIII), with a charioteer in a
biga and A beneath, and with E beneath the throne, have obverse dies identical
with our No. 40.6, and these he suggested may belong to another mintpossibly,
Argos. Of these three coins, A alone has BA2IAEQ2 in the exergue, and although
No. 40.6 has the victories on the throne, neither of the other two does. The tickets
for these coins bear no indication that Mr. Newell had reached a more definite
conclusion as to their assignment after publishing this hoard. No. 73 in this same
list adds further confusion. Its symbol would align it with our No. 17.1, but com-
parison shows that it does not belong there, for this star is seven-pointed while that
of 17.1 has eight rays. Furthermore, this tetradrachm has the Nikes on the throne,
and their introduction had not taken place when 17.1 was struck. Mr. Newell
did not include this with his Sicyon pieces. If his conclusion be accepted, we must
also concede that tetradrachms with the Nike finials are not necessarily all Sicyonian.
Mr. Newell's date, 235-225 B. C, confirms the evidence of the Patras Hoard as to
the lateness of these Sicyonian issues.
1 Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 19.
* Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 78.
'Numismatic Studies No. 1.
36
IV. The Patras Hoard. This important hoard is described in 1852 in a letter
from Mr. C. T. Newton published in the Numismatic Chronicle in 1854. It may
have been on its evidence that Muller correctly assigned many of the Alexander-
type tetradrachms to Sicyon since his publication was printed in 1855. If his
attribution was independent, this hoard provided valuable confirmation. Mr.
Newton's careful description enables a fairly close identification, and a list of the
varieties follows:
Symbol
Numbers
Specimens
Youth with fillet
46.1 or 45
10
45.2
47.1 (?)
50.1-2
55.1-3
Trident (horizontal)
58.1-2

Trident (points upward)
65.1
Athena
59.1-2
21
60.1-6
22
40. t-6
Dioscuroi mounted
63.1
33
Fulmen
70.1 (?)
68.1
67.1-5
The foregoing are described as very well preserved. Among the pieces less
well preserved, one with a "club" for symbol and <E>I beneath throne might be a
mistaken description for Nos. 67.1-5, although a piece listed as without *I makes
one hesitate. Two pieces of Philip Aridaeus are probably from Babylon. A single
piece with aphlaston and monogram is probably from the Amphipolis mint. Other
pieces may have been for Miletus,1 Pella (?) and Amphipolis.2
A tetradrachm of Seleucus, struck at Ecbatana, is dated by Mr. Newell c. 280.
In accordance with the accepted interpretation of hoards, we should expect to
find the most numerous of the varieties also the latest of the issues. Hence, the
Athena group would be preceded by the issue with the Dioscuroi and that, in turn,
by the youth with the fillet. And, broadly speaking, this is the way that Mr.
Newell arranged them, for the fulmen and trident groups are probably shorter
issues whose representation would therefore be less numerous.
If the number of tetradrachms with the Dioscuroi symbols (No. 63) is correctly
recorded,i. e., 33 (one suspects dittography)we have an interesting illustration
of the disappearance of ancient coins, for Mr. Newell succeeded in locating only
three specimens of this variety.
1 Newton's I, Num. Chron., 1854, p. 34.
37
THE SICYON SYMBOLS
Plate XVIII has been arranged to emphasize the difference between the sub-
sidiary symbols which appear on the Alexandrine tetradrachms of Sicyon and those
of other mints striking in this period. These symbols have a closer similarity to
those which appear contemporaneously on the staters of Corinth than to the sym-
bols on other mintings of Alexanders.
The similarity of the figure of Heracles (No. 27) to the Farnese Hercules has
already been noted. The form of many of the other symbols supports the sugges-
tion that they too may have been derived from statues at Sicyon. To enable the
reader to judge more effectively, these enlargements have been brought together.
There has been no attempt to associate these figures with known statuesthis is
clearly outside the limits set for this work. Discussions of the references to temples
and shrines at Sicyon by Pausanias, and controversies regarding the work at Lysip-
pus and of the school of sculptors located in this city, would make a sizable list.
Nor has any effort been made to link any of these symbols with the tyrants whose
names are given by Plutarch1 in his biography of Aratus.
The general nature of these symbols is civic rather than personal, a condition
which might be expected during control of Sicyon by tyrants whose fealty to Mace-
don during the rule of Antigonus Gonatas must have flowed and ebbed with his
military successes and setbacks. Adherence to his cause may have been induced
from time to time by concessions, but the balance between the absentee-overlordship
of Antigonus and the tolerance of the citizens must have made the lot of any of
these tyrants far from happy.
CONCLUSION
Assigning a date to the final issue of Alexander types at Sicyon presents diffi-

culties. From Plutarch's "Life of Aratus" we learn the names of four individuals
prominent in the affairs of Sicyon previous to its joining the Achaean League.
Two of these, Timokleides and Kleinias (the father of Aratus) were chosen chief
magistrates under a democratic government after the murder of Kleon, their
tyrant predecessor. During the year 264,2 the democracy was overthrown by
Abantidas who continued as tyrant until a short time before the entrance of Sicyon
into the League (c. 251). It is commonly believed that Antigonus Gonatas main-
tained his control of Sicyon and of other Greek cities in the Peloponnesus either
through garrisons of Macedonian soldiers or by subsidizing tyrants who relied on
mercenaries. Professor Tarn, however, cites the tolerance by Antigonus of this
brief democratic control between c. 274 and 264 as an indication "that he sought no
conquests in the Peloponnesus, and was not establishing tyrants for amusement."3
1 Plutarch, Loeb ed., Vol. 11, p. 5.
* The date given by W. W. Tarn, Antigonos Gonatas (Oxford, 1913) p. 361.
* Antigonos Gonatas, p. 278.
38
But even if Antigonus did acquiesce in the Sicyonian democracy, it is difficult to
believe that there would have been a coinage of Macedonian types during its brief
period of control, while for the tyrants it is much easier to think that acceptance of
subsidies from Antigonus may have involved the continuance of the customary
Alexander types as an oblique acknowledgment of the connection. Reasonable
though such a gesture may seem, we must admit that the coinage of Alexandrine
tetradrachms may have stopped with the establishment of the democracy, and
possibly even before. The coins on the plates from No. 43 onward are fairly homo-
geneous and seem uninterrupted. Such details as the dropping of the Nikes from
the finials of the throne-back (Cf. Pis. XIV and XV) and their subsequent replace-
ment can hardly be given significance in this connection. The symbol youth with
fillet is a distinctively local symbol and might be considered appropriate for the
period of the democracy were it not that the main type is Macedonian.
Mr. Newell seems to have been convinced that the coinage of Alexander types
at Sicyon continued until the union with the Achaean League.1 If this was his
considered opinion, a re-interpretation of the subsidiary symbols for this coinage
would seem to be involved. We have noted that these symbols are little short of
subsidiary types. Not only do we have the youth with fillet as a type for contem-
porary bronze coins of the city, but the dove, which is also unmistakably Sicyonian,
occurs in a wreath (No. 19), as well as in conjunction with the youth with fillet
(Nos. 51-54, PI. XV). The aphlaston appears on the coinage as a symbol at a time
which makes its connection with Demetrius Poliorcetes a probable rather than
merely a possible one. Many of these symbols have little of a personal naturethe
figures of Athena, Demeter, Heracles, Elpis and Nike could hardly be personal
badges. The magisterial responsibility for the coinage is indicated by monograms

or initial letters. Possibly the Heracles-Zeus type was no longer considered Mace-
donian and the original Pan-Hellenic significance may have been accepted by
Sicyon and other Peloponnesian cities to an extent greater than we have realized.
How shall we explain the adoption of Alexander types by the Aetolian League both
for their gold staters and for the obverse of the silver issue commemorating their
victory over the Celts? Unless some other explanation can be found, we must
conclude that the coinage of Alexander types at Sicyon may have stopped before 251.
This would not affect the order in the arrangement here submitted; it would com-
press the coinage into a shorter interval of time.
1 Olympia, p. 20.
Index
39
INDEX OF SYMBOLS
Amphora with AE, No. 32
Aphlaston with AE, No. 30; with AO, No. 29; with HP or |-P, No. 31; with NO, No. 28
Athena 1. with AE, No. 59; with 0E, No. 60; with OA, No. 61; with round shield, with
AE, No. 62
Athena, facing, with OA in wreath, No. 37; with OAY, No. 38
Athena Nikephoros, with OAY, No. 39
Athena Promachos, brandishing spear, No. 41; with EY, No. 40; with F, No. 42
Barley ear, No. 15
Bird with youth and , No. 51; with 0E or ff, No. 53; with W, Nos. 45, 54; with R,
No. 52
Chimaera r., with hP, No. 25; with NO, No. 24
Cornucopiae with NO, No. 35; with wreath enclosing dove and A, No. 19
Crescent with youth and b^, No. 48
Demeter(?) 1. with EXE or EX, No. 36
Dioscuroi l., mounted, with AAE, No. 63
Dove in wreath with A and cornucopiae, No. 19
Elpis 1. with NO. No. 26
Fulmen, vertical, with A, No. 6; with A. Nos. 7, 8; with At and AA, No. 70; with fii and
A. No. 68; with #1, Nos. 67, 69.1; with *I and 0, No. 69.2.
Goat's head 1., No. 16
Heracles r. with fit I, No. 27
Horse's head 1., No. 33; with AE, No. 34
Nike in r. hand of Athena with OAY, No. 39
Nike r. extending laurel wreath with A, No. 22; with NO, No. 23

Olive leaf with youth, suppliant, and A. No. 10
Rudder with youth, suppliant, Nos. 4, 5
Star, eight-pointed, with A, No. 17; with A and No. 18
Trident 1. with fl, No. 58
Trident, upwards, with A A, No. 64; with A and 0E, No. 66; with 0E, No. 65
Wreath with A, Nos. 20, 21; with youth and W, No. 55
Wreath enclosing dove, with A and cornucopiae, No. 19
Wreath enclosing OA with Athena, facing, No. 37
40
Youth 1. with ZK, No. 57; with ft, No. 56; with flE, No. 44; with U5, No. 46; with 5,
No. 49.1; with ft>, No. 47; with 2 and 2 (?), No. 49.2; with 2 and UP, No. 50; with
crescent and No. 48; with wreath and t#, No. 55; with bird and <D , No. 51; with
bird and W, Nos. 45, 54; with bird and >, No. 45.2; with bird and fR, No. 52; with
bird and E or E, No. 53.
Youth r. with NO, No. 43
Youth 1., suppliant, Nos. 1-3, 12-14
Youth 1., suppliant, with rudder, Nos. 4, 5; with A, Nos. 9, 11; with A and olive leaf,

No. 10
Index
INDEX OF LETTERS AND MONOGRAMS
A No. 6
HP
No. 31
AE No. 62
l-P
Nos. 25, 31
AA No. 70
w>
Nos. 45, 46, 48, 50, 54, 55
AAE No. 63
No. 47
A No. 68
No. 45.2
Nos. 68, 70
No. 69.2
A I No. 27
GE
Nos. 44, 53
PS No. 52
0E
Nos. 53, 60, 65, 66
$ No. 18
<D
No. 51
No. 66

A Nos. 19, 20, 21
AA No. 64
Nos. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
AE Nos. 30, 32, 34, 59
ft
No. 56
^ No. 57
NO
Nos. 23, 24, 26, 28, 35, 43
& Nos. 18, 22
OA
Nos. 37, 61
A Nos. 17, 18
OAY
Nos. 38, 39
AO No. 29
No. 58
EY No. 40
Nos. 49.2, 50
EX, EXE No. 36
No. 49
F No. 42
Nos. 67, 69

PLATES

SICYON
PLATE I

SICYON
PLATE II

SIC YON
PLATE III

SICYON
PLATE IV

SICYON
PLATE V

24.1
24.2
niIIiir
24..? 24.4 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.8 25.1
=! I
25.2
L.
ii r
ii
25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7

SIC YON
PLATE VII

SICYON
PLATE VIII


SICYON
PLATE X


SICYON
PLATE XII


NOADIS
AIX 3JLV1J

SICYON
PLATE XV
I I 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 1
50.2 51.1 52.1 511 5?. 2 5.U 54.1 55.1 55.2 55..1 56.1 56.2 57.1



PLATE XVIII
SICYON

The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon / Arr. From Notes of Edward T. Newell With Comments and Additions by Sydney P. Noe

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon / Arr. From Notes of Edward T. Newell With Comments and Additions by Sydney P. Noe

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.

THE ALEXANDER COINAGE OF SICYON

ARRANGED FROM NOTES OF EDWARD T. NEWELL

WITH COMMENTS AND ADDITIONS

THE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC SOCIETY

through the survey according to the outline given by Mr. Newell.

in duty to delay longer in carrying out his plans.

The American Numismatic Society expresses its appreciation of Mrs. E. T.

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

for its introduction.

The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon

DRAFT OF AN INTRODUCTION TO A PROJECTED

STUDY OF THE COINAGE OF

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

The term "Alexander Coinage" is both grammatically incorrect and partially

Furthermore, these various categories of types, in almost every instance, together

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

attempt, however slight, at completeness.

No apology is necessary for attempting once more to describe, elucidate and

to point. Therefore, we can accept a monogram or symbol as being that of the

be distinguished by those in authority. On the Alexander coinage we seldom find

word) of the issuing city.

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

Herculean task of sorting, studying and attributing the Alexander coinage as a

solution of the many problems presented.

Notes to the Catalogue 25

The Sicyon Hoards 34

The Sicyon Symbols 37

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

Index of Letters and Monograms 41

When the collection bequeathed to The American Numismatic Society by

on the Alexander problems toward which he was consistently working. The

volume on the Eastern Seleucid Mints which appeared in 1938, to be followed in

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

made it possible to follow them with some degree of precision.

The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon

offered the most logical beginning.

as statements of Mr. Newell.

Acknowledgment is gratefully made to the many institutions which have

generously furnished casts of their Sicyonian Alexanders as well as to the individuals

mentioned in the catalogue.

New York Sydney P. Noe

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

The Coinages of Demetrius PoliaTcetes (London, 1927). Hereafter cited as Demetrius.

eliminated. Since each variety is illustrated, the catalogue will be consulted

were not fixed, die-positions have not been given.

below the numbers involved (24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4).

Generated for anonymous on 2015-02-15 20:38 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015010553603

these are as follows:

Cop. Copenhagen P. Paris;

The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon

330/25 to c. 318 B.C.

1. DISTATER. Athena head to r. AAESANAPOY on r. Nike standing,

coiled serpent decoration. wreath in outstretched r. In 1. field,

youthful figure with outstretched r.

1.1 Al-Pl a. ANS. gr. 17.20

6. B. (Prokesch-Osten, Num. Zeit, Vol. 3, 1871, p. 55, No. 1.)

2. STATER Similar to No. 1. Similar to No. 1.

2.1 A2-P2 a. ANS-ETN. gr. 8.60

c. B. (Prokesch-Osten, Inedita, 1859, No. 18; Num. Zeit., Vol. 3,

1871, p. 55, No. 2.)

3. TETRADRACHM. Head of Her- AAESANAPOY on r. Zeus enthroned

of dots. holding eagle in outstretched r. In 1.