TITLE:

Design and analysis of concrete road bridge

INTRODUCTION:
At final year of civil engineering,to enhance the practical engineering knowledge,we, the
students of IOE have to complete a project on any of the selected topic so as to upgrade our
theoretical understanding in practical basis. Our enthusiastic members has decided to analyse
and design a concrete bridge for the part of their project. We will perform our project on basis
of detailed engineering survey, soil investigation, hydrological analysis and structural
design of concrete bridge for this project. We look forward to having us the best project
Guide/Supervisor for the efficient and effective completion of our project work.
RATIONALE OF STUDY:
Roads are an integral part of the transport system. A countrys road network should be
efficient in order to maximize economic and social benefits. Nepal, as a hilly country that
has the rift valley, a few mountains, streams, gorges, rivers and lakes passes across the road.
So bridge acts as a connecting link for the sectional road. Since bridge has become the
important part for the construction of road, its stability, durability and strength should be kept
in an account .The soil and morphology of geological structures, the dynamic load due to
traffic run-off over the bridge, the hydraulic pressure due to run-off river on foundation of the
bridge and wind loads are the loads that counteracts the stability of bridge. So,for the
conventional and efficient usage of bridge, it is very necessary to make appropriate design
and analyse the stability and durability before construction of it.
OBJECTIVES:
The main objective of this project is to prepare a cost effective design of a durable bridge
appropriate to the conditions prevailing at the site. The work involves topographical survey of
area around the bridge site and its geo-morphological, geological, seismological, hydrological
studies of the site, and detailed engineering design of the bridge, and approach roads.

SCOPE:
We aim to incorporate various studied things in our concrete bridge project with proper
understanding. Following are the things to be included throughout our project work:
a) This study was mainly focused on collection of existing documents, concerning the
bridge site and the area, relevant maps, the existing hydrological, climatological and
geological data and other information pertinent for the selection of the bridge site.

b) Geological survey of existing site of bridge.

c) Application of knowledge of stability of soil, reinforcement design, hydrological
survey and river training.
d) Use and application of limit state design method.
Limititions:
1. Architectural drawings were retrived from concerned parties.
2. The material properties were not concerned.
3. Aerodyamic and thermodynamic properties were excluded.
LITERATURE REVIEW:
Various reports and guidelines regarding construction of bridge are reviewed. The design
work involved the design of a bridge and, approach roads on both sides based on the design
parameters collected during the field work and the relevant standard documents. Design of
bridge and approach roads is done as per NRS-2045 and the relevant IRC standards.
As per the emerging technology, analysis and design of structures can be performed by
computer programmes and softwares like SAP and STAAD-Pro. SAP can analyse structures
and perform model analysis whereas STAAD-Pro can even design structures according to our
needs. Whereas designs of STAAD-Pro are slightly uneconomic in the context of Nepal.

Besides proper designing, proper project management is also needed for optimum use of
time, resource and manpower. Project management involves, the following three phases:
a) Project planning,
b) Project scheduling,
c) Project controlling.
METHODOLOGY:
The bridge is located along the Village Road in Chitwan District/ Narayani Zone/ Center
Development Region. It is about 1.9 km from Mahendra Highway. Village Road is passing
through the Northern part from Parsa to Khairahani VDC and acting like a life line for the
more densely populated and the productive area of the VDC. It provides the direct access for
the villages of the area influenced to the Mahendra Highway. There is an urgent need of the
2

construction of bridges lying about this road for all weather accessibility to isolated villages
and for the continuation as well as growth of economic activities within the area.
This study was mainly focused on collection of existing documents, concerning the bridge
site and the area, relevant maps, the existing hydrological, climatological and geological data
and other information pertinent for the selection of the bridge site. The documents so
collected were studied, course of action to be followed decided and plans were formulated to
carry out the works involved.
Detail estimation of cost of the project will be done from the drawings and government
approved schedule of rates provided by engineering department. Time schedule of the project
can be prepared and represented by various tools and techniques like Gantt chart, Milestone
chart, Linked bar chart, Network technique, Critical Path Method(CPM), Program Evaluation
and Review Technique (PERT), etc. Any of the methods will be followed to plan and
schedule the project.
Studying and review of different books, papers, websites, notes and previous reports to boost
our knowledge will be given high importance. Instructions and guidance of teachers,
lecturers, professors, expertise, and seniors will be given priority to make our work more
imposing. We are self-assured that the department and the college provides their full support
to carry on our project.
The series of work to be followed for this building project are:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.

Topic selection
Data Collection
Load assessment
Modelling
Analysis
Design
Estimation and costing
Detailing
Final Report Preparation
TOPIC SELECTION
DATA COLLECTION
(topographical survey, hydrological
survey, soil exploration and other
research datas)
LOAD ASSESSMENT
MODEL ANALYSIS
3

SOFTWARE
INPUT

OUTPUT
MANUAL DESIGN
ESTIMATION AND COSTING
DETAILING
REPORT

Flowchart of work schedule

TIME SCHEDULE ESTIMITION :

W
O
R
K
S

Report
preparation

Detailing
Estimation and
costing
Detail Design
model
preparation and
analysis
Data collection

Topic selection

14

21

28

35

42

49

56

63

70

77

84

91

TIME IN DAYS

Time schedule of project work

The project work will be finished within 90 days.During this time regular visit to site of
building is to be done.For the clear understanding and perfect completion of our building
project we require to consult various types of books, maps, and regular internet surfing within
the duration of project.

BUDGET ESTIMATION
S.N.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Discription of work
Transportation Expenses
Internet Surfing
SAP course
Printing
Binding
Maps
Miscellanous
TOTAL

Rate
Rs.500
Rs. 500
Rs 3000
Rs.3
Rs.100
Rs 100
Rs.1000

Quantity
10
1
1
400
1
10
1

Amount
Rs. 5000
Rs. 500
Rs. 3000
Rs. 1200
Rs. 100
Rs. 1000
Rs. 1000
Rs. 11800

Total expense per unit head: Rs 11800

No of members: 4
Total budgeting: Rs. 47200
EXPECTED RESULT:

On completion of the project, we hope we will gain skills to apply the knowledge we have
acquired so far into real engineering problems. We hope to be capable in using the codes,
using the latest engineering softwares, making cost estimation of the projects, planning and
scheduling, etc. such that we will become efficient in most of things we will need in
professional life later.

REFERENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1. A research article on Detailed Engineering Survey, Soil Investigation, Hydrological
Analysis, and Detailed Design work of Rural Road Bridge by Dr. Ram Chandra
Tiwari
2. Concrete Bridge Practice - Analysis, Design and Economics, Dr. V.K. Raina, Tata
McGraw - Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 1994
3. Dutta, B.N. Estimating and Costing in Civil Engineering. 25 th ed. New Delhi: UBS
Publishers Dristibutors Pvt. Ltd.,2001.
4. Suwal, Rajan. Design of Reinfoced Concrete Structures. 1 st edition, Kathmandu: Mark
Line Publication. 2013.
5. Indian Standard Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete, Indian
Standards Institutions

TRIVUWAN UNIVERSITY

THAPATHALI CAMPUS
Thapathali, Kathmandu

A PROJECT PROPOSAL ON

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGE

SUBMITTED BY:

SUBMITTED TO:

Bishu Ram Thapa (068/BCE/60)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINERING

Charchit Nagila (068/BCE/62)

THAPATHALI CAMPUS

Shiva Pandey (068/BCE/91)

Ek Raj Gautam(068/BCE/98)

DATE: 2071-11-1

Table of content
Title

Introduction

Rationale of study

Objective

Scope

Literature review

Methodology

Time schedule estimation

Budget estimation

Expected result

Reference and bibliography