STATION 1 -

THE LEAKING CAN

(10 minutes)

Ali notices some holes in a water tank on his uncle farm. The water is leaking
faster from some holes than from others. He wonders why this is so.
The aim of this experiment is to find an answer to this question.

TASK : Carry out the following activities to help Ali to find out the answer.
Materials/Apparatus
2 milk cans with different sizes of hole labelled A and B
Stopwatch
A pail of water

Procedure
1
Hold your finger over the hole of can A .
2
Fill the can with water.
3
Time how long it takes for the water to run out and empty the can.
4
Record this time.
5
Repeat step 1 to 4 using can B.
Questions
1
2
3

List the variables you controlled in your test.

Draw up a data table to record your results.
Write a conclusion for your experiment.

STATION 1:
Group number :
ANSWERS.
1.Controlled variables

Tabulation of data

Conclusion

STATION 2: DETECTIVE SKILLS

( 10 minutes )

Scientific skills help you to be a more effective scientist. As a scientist you will
ask questions about what you see around you.
Some of the skills that scientist use is the same as those used by detectives in
solving a crime. Many crimes are solved because someone has made very careful
observations.
TASK :
Carry out the following activities and record your observations in the table
provided in the answer sheet.
Materials/Apparatus provided

Test tubes
50 cm3 beaker
dropper
drinking straw
water
sample X
solution Y
solution P

solution Q
solution R
solution S
measuring cylinder (10 ml)
measuring cylinder (25 ml)
pH paper
pH scale

Method
1
Pour 25 cm3 of water into a clean beaker . Add a packet of sample X .
2

Quarter fill a clean test tubes with lead(II) nitrate. Quarter fill another clean test
tube with potassium iodide. Pour the contents of the second test tube into the
first test tube.

Quarter fill a test tube with solution Y. Gently blow out through a drinking straw
into solution Y.[Take note: Do not taste the chemicals]

Pour 2 cm3 solution P into a clean test tube. Add 1-2 drops of solution Q into the
test tube containing solution P. Then pour 3 cm3 of solution R into the mixture.

5.

Take 3 test tubes and fill each test tube with solution P,R and S respectively.
Test the 3 solutions using pH paper.

Question :
State the properties of solution P,R and S based on Method No. 5.

STATION 2
Group number :
ANSWERS:
No
Experiment
1
Pour 25 cm3 of water into a
clean beaker . Add a packet
of sample X .
2
Quarter fill a clean test tubes
with lead(II)nitrate.

Observations

Quarter fill another clean test

tube with potassium iodide.

Pour the contents of the

second test tube into the first
test tube.
Quarter fill a very test tube
with solution Y.
Gently blow out through a
drinking straw into solution Y.
Pour 2 cm3 solution P into a
clean test tube.
Add 1-2 drops of solution Q
into the test tube containing
solution P.

5.

Then pour 3 cm3 of solution R

into the mixture.
Take 3 test tubes and fill each
test tube with solution P,R
and S respectively.
Test the 3 solutions using pH
paper.

The pH of solution
P:
R:
S:

The properties of solution

P : ..
R : ..
S :..................................................................................

STATION 3:

Its a small world zooming in on life

(10 MINUTES)

The first microscope was invented by a Dutch spectacle-maker in about 1590. An

English scientist Robert Hooke (1635 1703) also made a microscope. With it, he
looked at the bark of leaves of various plants.He was able to see and draw tiny
structures which he called cells because he thought they look like monastery
cells.
Task :
Carry out the following activities:(a) prepare a slide of onion cells and
(b) draw what you see under the microscope
Materials/Appratus

Microscope
A4 paper
2B pencil and eraser
microscope slide / glass slide
Cover slips
Mounting needle
Forceps
penknife
filter paper strips / tissue paper
iodine solution
fresh onion
white tile

Procedure
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Using a pair of forceps, gently peel off the thin skin (or epidermis) from the inner
surface of the scale leaf.
Place the piece of onion on a slide and add a drop of iodine solution to the onion
skin.
Place a coverslip over the onion skin using a mounting needle.
Wipe off the excess iodine solution with tissue paper.
Examine the slide under the microscope.
Draw what you see in the space provided
Your diagram should take up about a third to half a page .
Record the magnification used.
Hand up your slide to the judges.

STATION 3
Group number : .
ANSWERS
(a)
Prepared slide to be handed-up to the judges.
(b)
Drawing of the prepared slide.

Magnification used:

STATION 4: Power of Formula 1

In our daily life , the term work usually means doing a job. When we do work, we
use energy. In science, we say work is done when a force moves an object
through a distance in the same direction as the force.
Power is the amount of work done per unit time.

Task:
Carry out this activity at the located staircase.
Working with a partner, you are required to determine
(a) the work done and
(b) the power used when the student climb up the stairs.
Materials/Apparatus
Metre rule
Measuring tape
Stop watch
Weighing machine
Procedure
1
Measure the vertical height of a staircase in metre.
2
Weigh yourself in kilogramme and change it to newtons.(I kg weight = 10 N)
3
Holding a stop-watch , record the time you take to run up the flight of stairs
as quickly as you can.
4
Record the results in the table provided and calculate the power you used
in running up the stairs.
Question
1
What is the unit of power?
2

How can the power be increased when you climb up the stairs?

State the energy change in the above activity.

STATION 4:
Group number : ..
ANSWERS
Weight
(N)

Vertical Height
(m)

Time taken
(s)

Work done
(J)

Power
.

The unit of power is

Power can be increased by..............................................

Energy change

STATION 5:

FIT TO DRINK

( 15 minute )

Water is most common substance on Earth. It is the only substance that exists
naturally as solid, liquid and gas. Water is considered to be the most important
liquid on Earth because it is essential to life.
Water used for drinking and washing needs to be clean and free from harmful
substances. Water supplies can be contaminated by dissolved substances or
substances suspended in the water.
TASK :
By using all the materials and apparatus provided, THINK AND CARRY OUT A
WAY to treat your own dirty water so that it is FIT TO DRINK.
Materials

muddy water
alum ( aluminium sulphate )
bleach
transparent plastic container with holes at the bottom
sand
gravel
charcoal granules
Beakers
stirring rod
tripod

Questions
1

What are the separation techniques did you use to purify the water ?

2.

Draw a two dimensional labelled diagram of your water filter .

Write out your answers in the answer sheet.

STATION 5
Group number : ..
ANSWERS:
1.

Separation techniques

2.

Diagram of the water filter