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Copyright 2007
All Rights Reserved
Version 5.00.00
AC Voltage Profile
Table of Contents
Capabilities, Functions and Features........................................................................................ 1
AC Voltage Profiles...................................................................................................................... 1
Introduction................................................................................................................................ 1
How To Create A Voltage Profile Job ................................................................................... 3
How To Run A Voltage Profile Job...................................................................................... 14
Voltage Profile Results .............................................................................................................. 17
Note: You can view this manual on your CD as an Adobe Acrobat PDF file. The file
name is:
AC Voltage Profile
ACVP.pdf
You will find the Test/Job files used in this tutorial in the following location:
C:\EDSAT2K\Samples\ACVoltProf
Test Files:
AC Voltage Profile
Vprof
VP1
Copyright 2001
All Rights Reserved
AC Voltage Profile
Capabilities, Functions and Features
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Uses the Advanced Powerflow Engine to Simulate Power Systems Loads Defined in Multiple
Time Periods
Simulate AC Transit Systems (e.g. Trains Systems, Metro Systems)
Simulate Train Regeneration State
Simulate Moving/Variable Loads
User-Defined Time and Load Type in each Period
Simulation of Plant Start-Up and Shut Down Process
Simulate Motor Starting Process
Time Period is Definable in Minutes or Seconds
Evenly Spaced Time Step or User-Defined Time Step
Supported Load Types are: Constant kVA, Constant Current, Constant Impedance or Exponential
function of Voltage for Each Time Step
User-Defined Load/Train Position at Each Time Step
Comprehensive Reporting, Text Output as Well as Graphical Display of Results
Complete System Report at Each Time Interval
AC Voltage Profiles
Introduction
AC Voltage Profile Program extends the Object Oriented Load Flow program to simulate power
systems with multiple time periods. The time and the load type and values in each period are user
definable. The program can be used in simulation of plant start-up and shut down process, exact
motor starting process, ac transit systems and other multi-periodS processes. The program in its
present version is able to model up to 24 time periods in each job file. A time period is definable
in minutes or seconds.
This section illustrates how to create and run AC Voltage Profile jobs, assuming that the users
are familiar with the EDSA Object Oriented Load Flow program. A sample voltage profile job is
created and used for this illustration. The voltage profile program includes Motor Starting Bus
and Transit System node types, in addition to all the node types available in the Load Flow
program. The available branch types in the voltage profile program are the same as those in the
Load Flow program. The following screen shows the node types available in the voltage profile
program:
AC Voltage Profile
AC Voltage Profile
How To Create A Voltage Profile Job
1.
AC Voltage Profile
Type vp1 in the file name field. The extension of this file is EPR. Click
2.
Enter up to seven lines project information. Enter Project Number then click Network Settings.
AC Voltage Profile
Enter Base KVA and Network Frequency. Select Units Type and Default Data Input Method unit.
Select LF in Temperature in use and enter the LF Reference Temperature. Click Visibility.
AC Voltage Profile
Select Time Units. Enter Number of Periods, (which can be up to 24). If the time periods are evenly
spaced, check Evenly Spaced and enter the total time. Otherwise, leave Evenly Spaced unchecked and
.
enter the time for each period. Click
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AC Voltage Profile
3.
3.1
For a Swing Bus, each period can have different Actual Voltages. This also applies to a UPS
SOURCE bus.
Enter Bus Label and System/Nominal voltage. Select S-Swing Bus for Load Characteristic. Select
Voltage Units. Click Profile.
AC Voltage Profile
For a Constant KVA Bus, period loads can be defined. This also applies to Constant Current and
Constant Impedance buses.
Click Profile.
AC Voltage Profile
Enter load KW and KVAR values for each period and click
3.3
For a Motor Starting Bus, period load types and values can be defined.
Users can define the detailed motor behavior under starting condition in up to 24 time periods for
precise motor starting simulation.
Select M Motor Starting Bus from Custom. Enter Rated Voltage. Click OK.
AC Voltage Profile
Enter load KW and KVAR for each period. Motor can be defined as different load type in each period for
precise representation.
3.4
For a Transit System Bus, period load types and values, the train feeder impedance and the train
positions need to be defined.
10
AC Voltage Profile
Enter Bus Label and System Voltage. Select TTransit System from Custom. Enter Rated
Voltage. Click OK.
Enter load type, KW, KVAR and the train position, which is the percentage distance to the From-station. A
train-load can be negative when it is in type L or I, as shown in the 9 period of the above picture. A
11
AC Voltage Profile
negative load is equal to a source power. This simulates a train regeneration situation when the train is in
.
its breaking stage. Click
3.5
Train Feeders.
Train feeders are the feeders connecting a train bus to train stations. The impedances of the train feeders
will be modified in the program according to the total feeder impedance and the position of the train
defined in the train bus editor. The impedance values of train feeders defined in the branch editor are not
important or do not affect the simulation results.
For the given example, the impedances of the following train feeders do not affect the simulation results.
12
AC Voltage Profile
13
AC Voltage Profile
How To Run A Voltage Profile Job
1.
Select Analysis Load Flow AC Voltage Profile as shown in the following screen capture.
14
AC Voltage Profile
2.
Open the job file from AC Voltage Profile Program menu if the file has not been automatically
copied from the ECAD menu. Click the
15
AC Voltage Profile
Select Results. There will be three options: VProfile Text, VProfile Graphic and LF Details.
These three options provide complete output reports in various formats.
16
AC Voltage Profile
The Load Flow results can also be viewed through clicking Browser as follows:
17
AC Voltage Profile
Double click a single bus to show the single bus voltage profile result. Click
bus voltage profile results.
The following are voltage profile results for the UTILITY bus shown in the Generator box and for the 0001
bus shown in the NCtrBus (non-contributing bus). The period KVAs for 0001 bus are zero, as this is a
non-contributing bus.
Copyright (c) 2001, EDSA MICRO CORP.
EDSA AC Voltage Profile Program v3.00.00
Page
1
10/13/2001 05:22:57 pm
Checked by:
Date:
Period
Total Time
KVA
Voltage
(min)
(pu)
(pu)
----------------------------------Bus 0001
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
4
6
10
14
24
34
39
44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.98
1.00
1.01
1.01
1.01
2.24
2.17
2.10
2.04
1.97
1.90
1.84
1.77
1.71
1.64
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.01
Bus CONST_P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
4
6
10
14
24
34
39
44
18
AC Voltage Profile
Bus MOTOR
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
4
6
10
14
24
34
39
44
0.00
2.41
2.39
0.43
0.43
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.01
3.61
2.24
1.10
1.10
0.77
0.77
0.81
0.50
0.28
0.00
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
1.00
1.00
1.01
1.01
5.89
4.44
5.64
5.55
3.19
3.11
3.10
2.68
2.08
2.11
1.00
1.00
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.98
1.00
1.01
1.01
1.02
Bus STATION1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
4
6
10
14
24
34
39
44
Bus STATION2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
4
6
10
14
24
34
39
44
Bus TRAIN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
4
6
10
14
24
34
39
44
Bus UTILITY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
4
6
10
14
24
34
39
44
19
AC Voltage Profile
2.
Click any desired bus to graphically show the bus voltage profile.
20
AC Voltage Profile
The graphics for the CONST_P, TRAIN and MSTART buses are shown as follows:
The train bus voltage decreases due to the voltage drop on the From side train feeder. The voltage
increases in period 9, due to regeneration of the train in this period.
21
AC Voltage Profile
3.
The detailed Object Oriented Load Flow result report for every period is also available in the voltage
profile program.
22
AC Voltage Profile
23
AC Voltage Profile
Page
1
10/13/2001 05:24:18 pm
Checked by:
Date:
System Information
==================
Base KVA
Frequency
Unit System
MaxIterations
Error Tolerance
=
=
=
=
=
100 (kva)
60 (HZ)
U.S. Standard
20
0 (kva), 0.000100 (pu),
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
of
of
of
of
of
of
of
of
of
Nodes entered
Total Buses/Nodes
Swing Buses
Generators
Branches entered
Total Branches
Transformers
Reactors
C.B.
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
7
7
1
0
6
6
0
0
0
#
#
#
#
#
of
of
of
of
of
Active sources
Inactive sources
Active loads
Inactive loads
Open Switches
=
=
=
=
=
1
0
1
0
0
0.0100 (%)
Convergence Information
=======================
Bus
STATION2
dQmax
0.000001 (PU)
0.000148 (KVA)
P(KW)
Q(KVAR)
S(KVA)
PF(%)
286.840
0.000
138.600
0.000
318.570
0.000
90.0
0.0
285.368
1.472
----------0.001
137.472
1.128
---------0.000
316.754
90.1
Swing Bus(es):
Generators
:
Total Load
Total Loss
:
:
Mismatch
Page
3
10/13/2001 05:24:18 pm
Checked by:
Date:
Bus Data
========
# Bus
Label
1 UTILITY
2 0001
My Utility
V
Mag(V) Ang(deg)
S
N
472.000
480.000
0
0
P
(KW)
Q
(KVAR)
0
0.000
0
0.000
24
C
(KVAR)
AC Voltage Profile
3
4
5
6
7
CONST_P
MOTOR
STATION1
STATION2
TRAIN
Const_P
Motor
Station 1
Station 2
Train
L
M
N
N
T
480.000
480.000
480.000
480.000
480.000
0
0
0
0
0
-180
-80
-40
-20
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
-70
-40
-------- -------- -------0.000
0
0.000
-290
-140
Label
UTILITY
My Utility
V,QMax
(Volts)
S
V,QMin
(PU,KVAR)
472.000
Branch Data
===========
Feeder YShunt as: 1/2 branch Y
# From
To
Code/Label
R
(Ohms)
X
(Ohms)
1
2
3
4
5
6
TRAIN
STATION2
CONST_P
MOTOR
STATION1
0001
Rail
Rail
250
250
250
250
0.0000
0.0000
0.0022
0.0022
0.0022
0.0022
0.0000
0.0000
0.0017
0.0017
0.0017
0.0017
STATION1
TRAIN
0001
0001
0001
UTILITY
B/2
(Mhos)
Tap
(PU)
Transformer Data
================
Pri.
Bus ID
Sec.
Code/Label
Tert.
Pri.
Tap
Sec.
Tert.
# BUS
Label
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
My Utility
UTILITY
0001
CONST_P
MOTOR
STATION1
STATION2
TRAIN
V
DROP
(VOLTS) (%)
Const_P
Motor
Station 1
Station 2
Train
S
N
L
M
N
N
T
472.000
470.163
469.028
469.914
469.710
469.710
469.710
1.67
2.05
2.29
2.10
2.14
2.14
2.14
ANG
(DEG)
0.0
0.0
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
P
(KW)
Q
(KVAR)
PF
(%)
287
0.000
-180
-38
0.000
0.000
-67
139
0.000
-80
-19
0.000
0.000
-38
90
Label
Bus Voltage
UpperLim LowerLim
(volts)
(pu)
(%)
(%)
No voltage violations found!
From
-> To
1
2
3
4
5
6
STATION1
TRAIN
0001
0001
0001
UTILITY
TRAIN
STATION2
CONST_P
MOTOR
STATION1
0001
Code/Label
P
(KW)
Q
(KVAR)
Rail
Rail
250
250
250
250
67
0.000
180
38
67
287
38
0.000
80
19
38
139
25
T-KVA
(KVA)
91
89
87
AC Voltage Profile
To
->
1
2
3
4
5
6
TRAIN
STATION2
CONST_P
MOTOR
STATION1
0001
From
Code/Label
P
(KW)
Q
(KVAR)
STATION1
TRAIN
0001
0001
0001
UTILITY
Rail
Rail
250
250
250
250
-67
0.000
-180
-38
-67
-286
-38
0.000
-80
-19
-38
-138
Loss
(KW)
(KVAR)
0.000
0.000
0.389
0.018
0.060
1
0.000
0.000
0.298
0.014
0.046
0.770
From
To
Code/Label
CURRENT
(A)
ANGLE
(Deg)
1
2
3
4
5
6
STATION1
TRAIN
0001
0001
0001
UTILITY
TRAIN
STATION2
CONST_P
MOTOR
STATION1
0001
Rail
Rail
250
250
250
250
94.895
0.000
242.469
52.661
94.895
389.675
-30
-150
-24
-27
-30
-26
AMPACITY F-LOADING
(A)
(%)
132.000
132.000
255.000
255.000
255.000
255.000
72%
0%
95%
21%
37%
153%
To
Code/Label
TRAIN
0001
0001
STATION2 Rail
MOTOR
250
STATION1 250
UTILITY
0001
Current
(A)
250
Under
(%)
0
53
95
132
255
255
0%
21%
37%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
50.0% under
50.0% under
50.0% under
390
255
153%
100.0%
50.0% over
Page
12
10/13/2001 05:24:18 pm
Checked by:
Date:
Transformer Loading
===================
#
Pri.
Sec.
Tert.
Code/Label
T-KVA
(KVA)
T-loading
(KVA)
Loading
(%)
Pri.
Sec.
Tert.
T-KVA
(KVA)
T-loading Loading
(KVA)
(%)
26
OverLim
(%)
UnderLim
(%)
AC Voltage Profile
4.
27
AC Voltage Profile
Click TRAIN and the train bus voltage and power flows are shown in the right box in the above picture.
Every bus and branch can be browsed in either graphic or text format.
28