Faculty of Information Engineering & Technology

Electrical & Electronics Department

Associate Prof. Soliman Mahmoud
Course: Electronic Circuits [ELCT 604]
Sheet-1 solution

Revision: MOS Transistors

(DC and AC Analysis)
Problem 1:
Givens: VDD =10 V; K=0.5 mA / V 2 ; VT =2 V
Required:

 for
  1
; 4
; 8

i) Vin = 1 V

 
 
 
  0 

VGS < VT
M is off


  0 


 

 
  

 10

ii) Vin = 4 V
VGS = 4 v > VT
M is on

Apply KVL at o/p loop (follow the green line to see the loop)

VDD = I DS (5K) + VDS -------(1)

Assume M is operating in saturation region
I DS =

K
(VGS VT )2 ---------(2)
2

By solving (1) and (2)

I DS =

0. 5m
(4 2 )2 =1 mA
2

V DS =10 - 5*1= 5 V
Check for assumption verification find

,

, 
 
  4  2  2

V DS > V DSsat
The assumption is verified and M is operating in saturation region

 

  5

iii) Vin = 8 V
VGS = 8 V > VT
M is on, assume M is operating in saturation region

I DS =

K
(VGS VT )2
2

By solving (1) and (2)

I DS =

0. 5m
(8 2 )2 = 9 mA
2

V DS =10-5*9= -35 V --------rejected

Then the assumption is wrong; Assume M is operating in linear (triode) region

I D = K ((VGS VT )VDS

2
VDS
) --------(1)
2

Apply KVL at o/p loop is the same

VDD = I DS (5K) + V DS --------(2)

I DS =

10 VDs
---------(3)
5

Subsitute by (3) in (1)

2
4-0.4 V DS =6 V DS - 0.5 V DS





 12.8

  2  0

V DS1 = 12.141 V ---------rejected as its value is greater than the maximum supply



V DS 2 = 0.659 V
Vout = 0.659 V

Problem 2:
Givens: K=1 mA / V 2 ; VT = 1 V ; VDD =10 V
Required: DC operating point
Apply KVL at i/p loop (we have two possible loops
Follow the blue lines; but we will use only one to get
Relation between
 and  )
VG = VGs + (6k ) I Ds ---------(1)

 

10





5

10  10
2

Apply KVL at o/p loop (follow the green line)

 
 11 

 ------(2)
Assume M is operating in saturation region
I DS =

K
(VGS VT )2 --------(3)
2

From (1) I DS =

5 VGS
--------(4)
6k

From (4) in (3)

5 VGS 1
2
= (VGS VT )
6k
2


 3

 5
  2  0

VGS1 = 2 V
1
VGS 2 = - V ---------rejected because it is less than

3
Subistitute in eq(4) 
 = 0.5 mA
Subistitute in eq(2) V DS = 4.5 V
Check for assumption verification find

,
V DSsat = 2 - 1= 1 V
V DS > V DSsat
assumption is verified and M operates in saturation mode

Problem 3:
VDD

Givens: K=1 mA / V 2 ; VT = -1 V
Required: DC operating point

32K

Apply KVL at i/p loop (follow the blue line)

VG = VGs + (4k ) I Ds

D
+

Since   0   VG = 0 V
I Ds = -

VGS
---------(1)
4k

G
+

VDS
VGS

10M
4K

Apply KVL at o/p loop (green line)

=(36 k) I DS + V DS ------(2)

Assume M is operating in saturation region

I DS =

K
(VGS VT )2 --------(3)
2

Subsitute by (1) in (3)

VGS K
=
(VGS VT )2
4k
2

VGS2 + 2.5 VGS +1 = 0

VGS1 = - 2 V --------rejected as it is less than

VGS 2 = - 0.5 V
I Ds =0.125 mA
V DS = 5.5 V
Check for assumption verification find

,
V DSsat =-0.5+1= 0.5 V
V DS > V DSsat
assumption is verified and M is operating in saturation

Problem 4:

10V

Givens:
 = -2 V; p C ox =8 A /V 2 ; L=10 m ; 
 0.1 ; Vout = 7 v

+ S

Required: W & R ?

+
VSD

VSG

Since VGD =0 



Vout

M is operating in saturation region

I SD =

K

  |
 |
2

 
 
  10 
  10  7  3

8 * 10 3 W
0.1 =
(3 2 )2
2
10
W = 250 m
Vout = I SD R
R=

7
=70 k
0.1m

Problem 5:
Givens: ID = 80 A; VT =0.6 V; n C ox = 200 A / V 2 ; L = 0.8 m and W = 4 m
VDD = 3V

Required: R and VD





ID



  0 &

 


R
D

 Transistor M is operating in saturation region.

  


 
 
 

80 10


200 10
4


  0.6
2 0.8

VD

+
G

VDS
+

VGS



  0.6  "0.4



  1
;

  0.2
Rejected because it is less than


 



  1

To calculate R write KVL of the output loop

$

   25 %

Problem 6:
Given: = 80 A; VT =0.6 V; n C ox = 200 A / V 2
L = 0.8 m; W = 4 m; VD = 1 V; R= 25 K

VDD = 3V
VDD = 3V

Required: ID2 and mode of operation for M2

 

 

  1

20 K
R

D2

VD

G2

M2 VDS2

+
VGS2

Assume M2 operates in saturation region

  


 
 
 

 

M1

S2

200 10
4
1  0.6  80 
2 0.8

Check for assumption verification find
,

, 
 
  &  '. (  '. )

To get
 write the KVL of the output loop (follow green line)

  20  


  3  20 80 10
  1.4

 *
,
assumption is verified and M2 is operating in saturation

Problem 7:
Givens : n C ox

15 V

W
= 0.1mA / V ; = 4 ; VT = 1V ; = 0.01V 1
L
2

2K
vout

Required: voltage gain; input resistance

Output resistance
5K
vin

2M
4 mA

-15V

1- DC analysis:
- all capacitors are open circuit
I DS = 4mA

rds =

1
1
=
= 25K
I DS 0.01 * 4

g m = 2 KI DS = 2 * 0.1 * 4 * 4 = 1.789mA / V

2- AC analysis
- all DC voltage sources are short circuit
- all DC current sources are open circuit
- all capacitors are short circuit
The output is taken from the drain then

 






  

  

To calculate Rout we find the value of resistance seen from the drain (branches with
blue arrows)
  // //
   // // = 1.351 K
  

 .    .    . 


 



15 V

Problem 8:
10 K

Givens :
n C ox = 0.1mA / V 2 ;

= 0.02V 1

W
= 1 ; VT = 1.5V ;
L
vin

vout

1M

Required: voltage gain; input resistance

Output resistance

1 mA

1K

-15V

1- DC analysis:
- all capacitors are open circuit
I DS = 1mA
rds =

1
1
=
= 50 K
I DS 0.02 * 1

g m = 2 KI DS = 2 * 0.1 * 1 = 0.4472mA / V

2- AC analysis
- all DC voltage sources are short circuit
- all DC current sources are open circuit
- all capacitors are short circuit

The output is taken from the source

     //

  
  
   //
     //   
 

 


    // 


  //

 . 

   //

The output resistance is the resistance seen from the source when the input signal
equal zero (blue arrows)

 
//

  . //  = 670.06
 


 


10

15 V

Problem 9:

1K

W
Givens : n C ox = 0.1mA / V ; = 8 ; VT = 1V ; = 0.01V 1
L
Required: voltage gain; input resistance
Output resistance
2

vout
5K

1K
vin
-15V

1- DC analysis:
- all capacitors are open circuit

15 V

First write KVL for the input loop

1K

VGS + I DS *1K 15 = 0

The transistor is working in saturation in order to work as

an amplifier
G
I DS =

K
(VGS VT )2
2

15 VGS =

+
VDS

+
VGS

0.1 * 8 2
(VGS 2VGS + 1)
2

15 VGS = 0.4VGS2 0.8VGS + 0.4

S
1K

-15V

0.4VGS2 + 0.2VGS 14.6 = 0

VGS1, 2

0.2 0.2 2 ( 4 * 0.4 * 14.6)

=
= 5.797V , 6.297V ( rejected )
2 * 0.4

VGS = 5.797V
I DS = 0.4 * (5.797 1) 2 = 9.2mA
rds =

1
1
=
= 10.87 K
I DS 0.01 * 9.2

g m = 2 KI DS = 2 * 0.1 * 8 * 9.2 = 3.837mA / V

11

2- AC analysis
- all DC voltage sources are short circuit
- all DC current sources are open circuit
- all capacitors are short circuit

RD=1k
Vout

The output is taken from the drain

RL=5k

 




  
 

Rout
RS=1k

 

 

Vin

To calculate Rout we find the value of resistance seen from the drain (branches with
blue arrows)
Note: when
  the Rs is shorted and no longer exits
   // //

  . // // = 774

 
To calculate Rin
    // 

 .      . 

//  .  


R D =1k
Vout

Rx

R L=5k

R S=1k
Vin
Rin

12

Note:
To get Rx we will use the small signal model
For the MOST (this part for explanation only)
G

ix

+
v gs

g m vgs

rds

RL = 5K RD = 1K

ix

(1)
v

i1

+
_

 




KCL at node (1)


   

  
 

      
 

  


     // !

         // !
      !       // !
 "
 // !#   1
  !
 

 "
 // !#


1
  !

13

If  %  // !

If   % 1

 &


1
  !

 &


1
&
  

Problem 10:
Given: VT = 1.5 V; '  0.25 +,/- ; V A =

1
= 50V

Required: voltage gain; input resistance

Output resistance
VDD = 15V

RD = 10 Kohm
10 Mohm
vout
RL = 10 Kohm
vin

Rin

Rout

V DD = 15V

1- DC analysis:
- all capacitors are open circuit
The transistor is working in saturation in order to work
an amplifier
I DS =

K
(VGS VT )2
2

RD = 10 K
as

10 Mohm

D
+

G
+
VGS

VDS
-

14

-  -  -
Note : the voltage drop on 10M resistance is zero because the gate current is zero
-  .  10'
-

 . 

-  -
10'

1.5  0.1-  0.125 -

 3-
2.25!

12  0.8-  -
 3-
2.25

-
 2.2-  9.75  0

-  2.21 - Rejected because it is less than -

-  4.41 -  -

 . 

15  4.41
 1.059 +,
10'

   42  '  .  0.728 +,/  

-
 47.21 '5
.

2- AC analysis
- all DC voltage sources are short circuit
- all DC current sources are open circuit
- all capacitors are short circuit

15

The output is taken from the drain then

 






 

  

The output resistance is the resistance seen from the source when the input signal
equal zero (blue arrows)
   // // // 6

  .  7// 7// 7// 6 = 4.52 K

 

 .    .  7  . 


 

8 

8






6
6

  

6
 .  6


16