Designation: C 473 03

Standard Test Methods for

Physical Testing of Gypsum Panel Products

ThisstandardisissuedunderthexeddesignationC473;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearof
originaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.A
superscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.
3
AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol15.09.

1.

Scope*

1.1 Thesetestmethodscoverthephysicaltestingof
gypsumpanelproducts.
1.2 Thetestmethodsappearinthefollowing
order:
Flexural Strength (Method A)
Core, End and Edge Hardness (Method A)
Nail Pull Resistance (Method A)
Flexural Strength (Method B)
Core, End and Edge Hardness (Method B)
Nail Pull Resistance (Method B)
Humidied Deection
End Squareness
Nominal Thickness
Recessed- or Tapered Edge Depth
Width
Length
Water Resistance of Core-Treated Water-Repellent
Gypsum Panel Products
Surface Water Resistance of Gypsum Panel Products
with Water-Repellent Surfaces

1.3 Thetextofthesetestmethodsreferencesnotes
andfootnotesthatprovideexplanatorymaterial.
These notes andfootnotes, excludingthosein
tables and gures, shall not be considered as
requirementsofthesetestmethods.
1.4 Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallof
thesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithits
use.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthis
standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applica
bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
2.

ReferencedDocuments
2.1 ASTMStandards:
C11TerminologyRelatingtoGypsumand
RelatedBuildingMaterialsandSystems2
D3285TestMethodforWater
AbsorptivenessofNonbibulousPaperand
Paperboard(CobbTest)3

These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM

CommitteeC11onGypsumandRelatedBuildingMaterialsand
Systems and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C11.01 on Specications and Test Methods for Gypsum
Products.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune10,2003.PublishedAugust
2003. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition
approvedin2000asC47300.
2
AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol04.01.

relativehumidityof506

E4PracticesforForceVericationof
TestingMachines4
3.

Terminology

3.1 Denitions used in these test methods are in

accordancewithTerminologyC11.
3.2 Denitions of Terms Specic to This
Standard:
3.2.1
edge,nthepaperboundedge,orlong
edge,asmanufactured.
3.2.2
ends, nthe end perpendicular to the
paperboundedgeorlongedge.
4.

Sampling

4.1 For use in these test methods, a sample shall

consistofnotlessthan0.25%ofthenumberof
gypsumpanel productsinashipment,butnot
less than three gypsum panel products. Test
specimensshallbetakenfromthesamplelotas
indicatedineachmethod.
5.

% (Note 1). Test specimens individually after

constant weight isreachedandwithin10min
uponremovalfromtheconditioningchamber.
NOTE 1Laboratory test results indicated that
conditioningtemperaturesmayrangefrom70to100F
(21to38C)withoutsignicantlyaffectingtheresults.
However,relativehumidityiscritical.Thisisthereason
fortestingspecimenswithin10minuponremovalfrom
theconditioningchamber.

MethodAConstantRateof
Loading
INTRODUCTION
The following procedures are applicable to
socalled shot machines that utilize lead or
steelshotthatappliesaloadtothespecimenata
constant stress rate or any other device that
appliestheloadataconstantstressrate.

Conditioning

5.1 Condition specimens to constant weight at a

temperature of 85 6 15F (29.5 6 8.5C) and

AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol03.01.

*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandard.
Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

C 473 03
Method
Flexu
ral
properti
es of
gyp
sum
panel
6.1 Testing
product
Machin
s are
eAppl
evaluat
y the
ed by
test
support
load at
ing the
a
specim
uniform
en near
rate of
the
1 lbf/s
ends
(4.45
and
N/s)
applyin
610 %.
g a
Apply
transver
theload
se load
with a
midway
device
betwee
indepen
n the
dent of
support
manual
s.
control
of the 7.2 Signi
cance
rate of
and
loading
UseT
during
his test
an
method
individ
covers
ual
a pro
sample
cedure
test(see
Fig. 1).
for
The
evaluati
deform
ng the
ationof
ability
the
of
specim
gypsum
en
panel
controls
product
the
s to
cross
withsta
head
nd
speed.
exural
stresses
7. Flex
during
ural
handlin
Stre
goruse
ngth
of the
(Met
materia
l. This
hod
test
A)
method
7.1 Summa
is used
ry of
to
Test
6.

App
arat
us
Met
hod
A

determi
ne
complia
nce
with
gypsum
panel
product
speci
cations.
The
degree
of
correlat
ion
betwee
n this
testand
service
perform
ance
has not
been
fully
determi
ned.
7.3 A
p
p
a
r
a
t
u
s

S
e
e
S
e
c
t
i
o
n
6
.
1
.
7.3.1
Specim
en
Suppor
tsAll
specim
en
bearing
support
s and
load
surface
s shall

be true,
shall
engage
the full
width
of the
test
specim
en,
shallbe
of such
strength
they
willnot
deform
under
the test
load,
and
shallbe
rounde
d to a
radius
of
0.125
in. (3.2
mm).
The
specim
en
support
s shall
be
spaced
14 6
0.016
in.(356
6 0.41
mm)on
centers
measur
ed at
the
points
of
surface
contact
withthe
specim
en. The
support
s shall
be
attache
d to a
plate
that
shallbe
rigidly
attache
dtothe
test
apparat

us. The
support
s shall
be
parallel
to each
other
and
perpend
icular
to the
long
dimensi
on of
the test
specim
en. The
bearing
surface
of the
end
support
s shall
be on
the
same
planeto
ensure
contact
along
the
entire
bearing
surface
s.
Support
s shall
be not
less
than 12
in.(305
mm) in
length.
Whena
load is
being
applied,
the
loading
bar
shallbe
in
contact
withthe
full
width
of the
specim
en. The
load
bearing
surface
shallbe

parallel
to the
bearing
surface
of the
specim
en
support
s. The
specim
en and
support
s shall
be
located
so that
the
vertical
axis
through
the
center
of the
load
bearing
surface
passes
through
the
specim
en at
onehalf
of the
specim
en
width
andone
half of
the
distanc
e
betwee
n the
support
s.
7.4 S
a
m
p
l
i
n
g

S
a
m
p
li
n
g
s
h

in.
a
dimensi
l
l
on
b
parallel
e
to the
i
edge
n
a
c
c
o
r
d
a
n
c
e
FIG. 1 Apparatus Schematic
for
w
Core,
i
End,
t
and
h
Edge
S
Hardn
e
ess
c
Test

tion4.
7.5 T
e
s
t
S
p
e
c
i
m
e
n
s
:
7.5.1
Cutfour
specime
ns, each
12 in.
(305
mm) by
approxi
mately
16 in.
(406
mm)
from
each
gypsum
panel
product
in the
sample,
two
having
the 16

andtwo7.6.1
having Use the
apparat
the 16
us in
in.
7.3,
dimensi
support
on
ing
perpend
each
icular
specim
to the
en
edge.
centrall
Cut the
y on
specime
the
ns not
xed
less
parallel
than 4
bearing
in.(102
s, 14
mm)
in.(356
away
mm)on
from
centers,
the
and
ends
apply
and
theload
edges
on a
of the
similar
gypsum
bearing
panel
midwa
product
y
except
betwee
where
n the
the
support
product
s.
is24in.
Positio
or less
n
in
perforat
width,
ed
whereit
gypsum
is
lath so
impossi
theload
ble to
is not
doso.
applied
7.5.
over
2
perforat
Co
ions.
ndit
ion 7.6.2
For
spe
specim
cim
ens
ens
with
in
the
acc
long
ord
dimensi
anc
on
e
parallel
wit
to the
h
edge,
Sec
testone
tion
specim
5.
enfrom
each
7.6
gypsum
Pr
panel
oce
product
dur
face up
e:

and the
other
face
down.
For
specim
ens
with
the
long
dimensi
on
perpen
dicular
to the
edge,
testone
specim
enfrom
each
gypsum
panel
product
face up
and the
other
face
down.
7.6.3
For gypsum
panel
product
s with
surfacin
g
material
, the
load is
determi
ned at
thetime
of
transver
se
failure
of the
surfacin
g
material
and
core
through
the
thickne
ss of
the
specime
n. The
specime
ns shall
not
show a
breakin
7.7

the
bond
betwee
n the
surfacin
g and
thecore
before
transver
se
failure
of the
gypsum
panel
product
. If a
single
specime
n fails,
testtwo
addition
al
specime
ns from
the
same
sample,
and, if
either
one of
the two
specime
n fail,
the
sample
has
failed.
For
gypsum
panel
product
s
without
surfacin
g
material
, the
load is
deter
mined
at the
time of
transver
se
failure
through
the
thickne
ss of
the
specime
n.
Report

Calcu
lateand
report
the
average 8.1
breakin
g load
in
pound
forceor
newton
s for
each
test
conditi
on,
rounde
dtothe
nearest
1 lbf
(N).
Thetest
conditi
onsare:
(1)
parallel
, face
up; (2)
parallel
, face
down;
(3)
perpen 8.2
dicular,
faceup;
and,(4)
perpen
dicular,
face
down.
7.8 Precisi
on and
BiasT
he
precisio
n and
biasfor
thistest
method
has not
been
determi
ned.
8.

Cor
e,
End,
and
Edg
e
Har
dnes
s

(Met
hod
A)
Summa
ry of
Test
Method
The
core,
end,
and
edge
hardnes
s of
gypsum
panel
product
s is
evaluate
d by
determi
ningthe
force
required
to push
a steel
punch
into the
area of
test.

Signi
cance
and
UseT
his test
method
covers
a pro
cedure
for
evaluati
ng the
ability
of the
gypsum
panel
product
core,
ends,
and
edges
toresist
crushin
g
during
handlin
goruse
of the
materia
l. This
test
method

is used
to
determi
ne
compli
ance
with
gypsum
panel
product
speci
cations.
The
degree
of
correlat
ion
betwee
n these
test
method
s and
service
perfor
mance
has not
been
determi
ned.
8.3 Appara
tusSee
6.1.
Clamp
or
secure
the
specime
nto the
base of
the test
apparat
us
shown
inFig.1
withthe
face of
the
specime
n
perpend
icularto
thebase
of the
test
apparat
us and
parallel
to the
movem
ent of
thesteel
punch.
Secure

thesteel
punch
to the
moving
head of
the test
apparat
us,
position
ed so
that its
center
axis is
parallel
eith the
line of
travel
and so
that the
punchis
inserted
into the
core
equidist
ant
from
the
surfaces
of the
specime
n.Usea
steel
punch
0.099 6
0.003
in.
(2.515
6 0.076
mm) in
diamete
r and
more
than 12
in.(12.7
mm)
long
withthe
bearing
surface
machin
ed to a
90
anglein
referenc
e to the
punch
center
line(see
Fig. 1
for test
setup
schemat
ic).

C 473 03
8.4 S
a
m
p
l
i
n
g

S
a
m
p
li
n
g
s
h
a
ll
b
e
i
n
a
c
c
o
r
d
a
n
c
e
w
it
h
S
e
c

tion4.
8.5 T
e
s
t
S
p
e
c
i
m
e
n
s
:
8.5.1
Specimens
for

Core
Hardne
ssUsi
ng a
table or
band
saw,
cut one
specim
enfrom
the
center
of each
of the
three
gypsum
panel
product
samples
approxi
mately
12 by
not less
than 3
in.(305
by 76
mm),
withthe
12in.
dimensi
on
perpend
icular
to the
edges
of the
product
s, for a
total of
not less
than
three
specim
ens.
The
smaller,
not less
than 3
in.,
dimen
sion
will
vary
dependi
ng on
the
specic
punch

length
8.5.1
from
and
one
opening
millcut
in the
end of
testing
the
machin
gypsum
es.
panel
Place
product
the
, with
sample
the 12
in the
in.
tester,
(305
withthe
mm)
loading
dimensi
arm in
on
a
perpend
horizon
icular
tal
to the
position
edges,
and
for a
withthe
total of
punch
not less
resting
than
on the
three
specim
specim
en.Saw
ens,
cuts
and run
along
tests
the 12
only on
in.
the
dimensi
millcut
onshall
end of
be
the
smooth
specim
and
ens.
square 8.5.3
withthe Specimens
smaller
for
(not
Edge
less
Hardne
than 3
ssCut
specim
in.)
ens the
dimensi
same
on, as
sizeand
well as
method
withthe
as
specim
describ
en.
ed in
8.5.2
8.5.1
Specimens
from
forEnd
the
Hardne
opposit
ssCut
e edges
specim
of each
ens the
gypsum
panel
same
product
sizeand
, with
method
the 12
as
in.(305
describ
mm)
ed in
dimensi

on of
the
specim
ens
parallel
withthe
edges,
for a
total of
not less
thansix
specim
ens.For
gypsum
panel
product
s with
surfacin
g
materia
l, cut a
1
4 to
1
2in.
(6 to
13mm)
strip of
surfacin
g
materia
l from
the
edge of
the test
specim
ens
expos
ing the
corefor
test.
Remov
e as
little of
thecore
as
possibl
e when
removi
ng the
surfacin
g
materia
l.
Prepare
therst
test
area26
1
2 in.
(51 6
13mm)
from
one
edge of
the
specim
en,with

thenext
twotest
areas
approxi
mately
4 in.
(102
mm)
apart.
8.5.4
Conditi
on
spe
cim
ens
in
acc
ord
anc
e
wit
h
Sec
tion
5.
8.6
Proced
ureUs
ing the
apparat
us in
8.3,
clamp
or
secure
the
specim
en in a
xed
vertical
position
on its
12 in.
(305
mm)
dimensi
onedge
(see
Fig. 1
for test
setup
schema
tic. If
necessa
ry,
modify
the
exural
strength
test
equipm
ent to
conduct
the

core,
push
end,
the
and
steel
edge
puncha
hardnes
distanc
s test).
eof 12
Place
in. (13
thistest
mm)
surface
into the
not less
core of
than 1
the
in. (25
specim
mm)
en.
above 8.6.1
thegrip Procedure
of the
for
specim
Core
en
Hardne
holder.
ssTest
Conduc
either
t three
of the
tests
12in.
spaced
(305
approxi
mm)
mately
saw cut
4 in.
edges,
(102
for a
mm)
total of
aparton
not less
each
than
specim
nine
en,with
tests
therst
(three
test
per
area26
1
specim
2 in.
en).
(51 6
8.6.2
13mm)
from
Proced
one
ure
edge of
for
the
En
specim
d
en.
Ha
Positio
rdn
n the
ess
steel
T
punch
est
overthe
the
test
12
area
in.
and
(30
apply
5
the
am)
millcut
load.
end,for
Report
a total
as the
of not
core,
less
end, or
than
edge
nine
hardnes
tests
s the
(three
load
per
require
specim
d to
en).

8.6.3
8.7
Procedure
for
Edge
Hardne
ssTest
areas
along
the 12
in.
(305
mm)
edge,
for a
total of
not less
than
eightee
ntests(
three
per
specim
en).For
product
s with
surfacin
g
materia
l, test
where
the
surfacin
g
materia
l has
been
remove
d.

Report
Repor
t the
core,
end,
and
edge
hardnes
s indi
vidually
as the
average
load in
pounds
forceor
newton
s
rounded
to the
nearest
1 lbf
(N).
Discard
any
single
test
value
that
varies
from
the
average
by
more
than 15
% and
repeat
the test
on the
same
sample
to
obtaina
new
value.
8.8 Precisi
on and
BiasT
he
precisio
n and
bias of
this test
method
has not
been
determi
ned.
9.

Nail
Pull
Resi
stan

ce
(Met
hod
A)
9.1 Summa
ry of
Test
Method
The
ability
of
gypsum
panel
product
s to
resist
nail
pull
through
is
evaluat
ed by
determi
ningthe
load
require
d to
push a
standar
d nail
head
through
the
product
.
9.2 Signic
ance
9.3
and
UseTh
is test
method
coversa
pro
cedure
for
evaluati
ng the
ability
of
gypsum
panel
products
to resist
nail
pull
through
by
determi
ning the
load
required
to force

a
standard
nail
head
through
the
product.
Thistest
method
is used
to
determi
ne
complia
ncewith
gypsum
panel
product
specic
ations.
The
degree
of
correlati
on
between
these
test
methods
and
service
perform
ancehas
notbeen
determi
ned.

Appara
tusSe
e 6.1.
This
apparat
us shall
be used
with
either
of the
specime
n
support
plates
in 9.3.1
or
9.3.2.
9.3.1
Fig. 2
shows a
schemat
ic of a
nailpull
resistan
ce
apparatu
s

adaptabl
e to a
typical
exural
strength
apparatu
s
commo
nlyused
in the
gypsum
industry
. The
specime
n
support
plate
shall
have a
3in.
(76
mm)
diamete
rholein
the
center.
The
support
plate
shall be
not less
than 6
by 6 in.
(152 by
152
mm). It
shall be
attached
to the
apparatu
s as
necessar
y to
maintai
n the
surface
of the
plate
perpend
icularto
the
travelof
the test
nail.
The
support
plate
must
also be
located
so that
the

vertical
axis
through
the
center
of the
nail
shank
passes
through
the
center
of the
hole in
the
support
plate.
The test
nail
shank
shall be
0.099 6
0.003
in.
(2.5156
0.076
mm) in
diamete
r and
the nail
head
shall be
0.2506
0.005
in.
(6.3506
0.127
mm) in
diamete
r. The
nail
shall be
attached
at the
head to
the
movable
cross
head of
the test
apparatu
s. This
attachm
entshall
not
exceed
the
diamete
r of the
nail
head
and

shall be
placed
directly
over the
head. It
shall
also be
attached
so that
the
vertical
axis
through
the nail
shank is
parallel
with the
travel.

9.3.2
Fig. 3
showsa
schemat
icofan
alternat
e nail
pull
resistan
ce
apparat
us
adaptab
le to a
typical
exural
strength
apparat
us
commo
nly
used in
the
gypsum
industry
. This
appa
ratus
mirrors
all of
the
require
ments
of
9.3.1,
except
that the

nail is
not
attache
dat the
head to
the
movabl
e cross
head of
the test
apparat
us. The
alternat
e
apparat
us
utilizes
a
machin
ed
plunger
withthe
nail
head
and
shank
incorpo
rated as
an

FIG.
2
App
arat
us
Sch
em
atic
for
Nail
Pull
Res
ista
nce
Test

C 473 03

FIG. 3 Nail Pull Specimen Support Plate

integralpartof
theplunger.The
plungertsinto
abushingthat
keepsthenail
aligned

perpendicularto
thetest
specimen.
9.4
SamplingSam
plingshallbein
accordancewith
Section4.

9.5Test
Specimens:
9.5.1Cutve
specimens 6 by
6 in. (152 by
152mm)froma
strip cut across
4

the width of
each 48in.
(1220mm)
gypsum panel
product starting
not less than 4
in.(102mm)in
fromthe

C 473 03
edge.
Cut a
total of
ve
specime
ns from
more
than
one full
width
9.6
strip
from
gypsum
panel
product
s less
than 38
in.(965
mm)
wide.
Do not
cut the
specime
ncloser
than 3
in. (76
mm)
from
the
product
edges.
9.5.2
Drill a 764
in.
(2.778
mm)
diamete
r pilot
hole
through
the
thickne
ss of
the
gypsum
panel
product
in the
center
of each
test
specime
n and
perpend
icular
to the
surface.
9.5.3
Conditi
on
spe
cim
ens

in
acc
ord
anc
e
wit
h
Sec
tion
5.
Proced
ureUsi
ng the
apparatu
sin9.3,
center
the
specime
n face
up on
the base
plate
and
manuall
y lower
the test
nail,
insertin
g the
nail
shankin
thepilot
hole,
untilthe
nail
head is
ush
with the
surface
of the
specime
n.
Apply
the load
untilthe
maximu
m load
is
achieve
d.
Normall
y, this
will
occuras
the nail
head
breaks
through
the

gypsum
panel
product
surface.

9.7 Report
Calcu
late the
average
maximu
m load
in
pounds
forceor
newton
s,
rounded
to the
nearest
1 lbf
(N).
Discard
any
single
testthat
varies
from
the
average
by
more
than 15
%. If
more
than 15
% of
the test
values
are
discard
ed,
repeat
thetest.
9.8 Precisi
on and
BiasT
he
precisio
n and
bias of
this test
method
has not
been
determi
ned.
M
et
ho
d
B

on
st
an
t
R
at
e
of
Cr
os
s
H
ea
d
Sp
ee
d

correlat
ion
betwee
n this
test and
service
perform
ance
has not
been
fully
determi
ned.
11.3
Appa
ratus
See
Secti
on
10.
11.3.
1
Specim
en
Support
sAll
bearing
support
s and
load
surfaces
shall be
true,
shall
engage
the full
width
of the
test
specime
n, shall
be of
such
strength
they
will not
deform
under
the test
load,
and
shall be
rounded
to a
radius
of
0.125
in. (3.2
mm).
The
specime
n

support
s shall
be
spaced
14 6
0.016
in.(356
6 0.41
mm)on
centers
measur
ed at
the
points
of
surface
contact
withthe
specime
n. The
support
s shall
be
attache
d to a
plate
that
shall be
rigidly
attache
dtothe
test
apparat
us.Test
specime
n
support
s shall
be
parallel
to each
other
and
perpen
dicular
to the
long
dimensi
on of
the test
specime
n. The
bearing
surface
of the
end
support
s shall
be on
the
same
planeto
ensure

contact
n
along
support
the
s. The
entire
specime
bearing
n and
surfaces
specime
.
n
Support
support
s shall
s shall
be not
be
less
located
than 12
so that
in.(305
the
mm) in
vertical
length.
axis
When a
through
load is
the
being
center
applied,
of the
the
load
loading
bearing
bar
surface
shall be
passes
in
through
contact
the
withthe
specime
full
natone
width
half of
of the
the
specime
specime
n. The
n width
load
andone
bearing
half of
surface
the
shall be
distance
parallel
betwee
to the
n the
bearing
support
surface
s (see
of the
Fig.4).
specime
anddata
INTRODUC
acquisiti
TION
The
followin
g
procedu
res are
applicab
letoso
called
univer
sal test
machine
s.These
instrum
ents
often
use
electron
ic load
cells

on
equipm
ent to
gather
informa
tion
about
the
specime
n being
tested.
The
instrum
ents
generall
yinuse
move
the
cross

m of
the test
equipm
ent
shallbe
of
sufficie
nt size
to
accept
the
specim
en
holder
and
load
applyin
g
apparat
us. The
testing
machin
e shall
be
power
operate
d and
shall
apply
10. Ap
theload
par
continu
atu
ously
and
s
without
10.1Testing
shock.
Machin
10.2Thetest
e, of
apparat
any
us shall
type
be
that is
verie
of
d
sufficie
accordi
nt
ng to
capacit
Practice
y and
s E 4,
that is
the
capable
three
of
sections
providi
titled
ng a
Basis
rate of
of
loading
Veric
at a
ation,
strain
Correc
rate of
tions,
1.0
and
in./min
Time
6 5 s
Interval
(25
Betwee
mm/mi
n
n 6 5
Veric
s). The
ations.
load
10.3Load
platfor
Indicati
head at
a
constant
speed,
as
opposed
to
having
the
deforma
tion on
the
specime
n
control
cross
head
speed,
which
would
be a
true
constant
rate of
strain
instrum
ent.

transver
ng
Equipm
se load
ent,
midway
capable
betwee
of
n the
reading
support
to 1lbf
s.
(4.45 11.2Signi
N)
cance
increme
and
nts,
UseT
shallbe
his test
provide
method
d for
covers
the test
a
apparat
procedu
us. A
re for
means
evaluati
shallbe
ng the
provide
ability
d to
of
indicate
gypsum
the
panel
maxim
product
umload
s to
attained
withsta
during
nd
thetest.
exural
stresses
11. Fle
during
xur
handlin
al
goruse
of the
Str
materia
eng
l. This
th
test
(M
method
eth
is used
od
to
B)
determi

11.1Summa
ry of
Test
Method
Flexu
ral
properti
es of
gyp
sum
panel
product
s are
evaluat
ed by
support
ing the
specim
en near
the
ends
and
applyin
g a

ne
complia
nce
with
gypsum
panel
product
speci
cations.
The
degree
of

m
11.4S
e
a
n
m
:
p

l
i11.5.1
nCut four
g specime
ns,each
S 12 in.
a (305
m mm)by
p approxi
l
mately
i
16 in.
n (406
g mm)
from

each
s
h gypsum
a panel
product
l
in the
l
sample,

b two
e having
the 16

in.
i
n dimensi
on

a parallel
c to the
c edge
o andtwo
having
r
d the 16
a in.
n dimensi
c on
e perpend
icular

w to the
edge.
i
Cut the
t
h specime
ns not

S less
e than 4
c in.(102
mm)

away

from
tion4.
the
11.5T ends
e and
s
edges
t
of the

gypsum
S panel
p product
e except
c where
i
the

product
is not
applied
is24in.
over
or less
perforat
in
ions.
width,
whereit11.6.2
is
For
impossi
specime
ble to
ns with
doso.
thelong
dimensi
11.5.2
on
Conditio
parallel
n
to the
speci
edge,
men
test one
s in
specime
n from
acco
each
rdan
gypsum
ce
panel
with
product
Secti
face up
on5.
and the
other
11.6
face
Proc
down.
edur
For
e:
specime
11.6.1
ns with
Use the
thelong
apparat
dimensi
us in
on
11.3,
perpend
supporti
icular
ng each
to the
specime
edge,
n
test one
centrall
specime
yonthe
n from
xed
each
parallel
gypsum
support
panel
s,14in.
product
(356
face up
mm)on
and the
centers,
other
and
face
apply
down.
theload11.6.3
on aFor gypsum
similar
panel
bearing
product
midway
s with
betwee
surfacin
n the
g
support
material
s.
, the
Position
load is
perforat
determi
ed
ned at
gypsum
thetime
lath so
of
theload

transver
se
failure
of the
surfacin
g
material
and
core
through
the
thickne
ss of
the
specime
n. The
specime
ns shall
not
show a
breakin
the
bond
betwee
n the
surfacin
g and
thecore
before
transver
se
failure
of the
gypsum
panel
product
. If a
single
specime
n fails,
testtwo
addition
5

al
specime
ns from
the
same
sample,
and, if
either
one of
the two
specime
ns fail,
the
sample
has
failed.
For
gypsum
panel
product
s
without
surfacin
g
material
, the
load is
deter
mined
at the
time of
transver
se
failure
through
the
thickne
ss of
the
specime
n.

C 473 03

FIG. 4 Testing Machine

r
e
c
i
s
i
o
n

a
n
d

B
i
a
s
:

11.7Report
Calculat
e and
report
the
average
breakin
g load
in
pounds
force or
newtons
for each
test
conditio
n,
rounded
to the 11.8.1
nearest PrecisionT
1 lbf
he95%
(N).The
repeatab
test
ility
conditio
limit of
ns are:
the Par
(1)
allel,
parallel,
FaceUp
face up;
(Method
(2)
B) test
parallel,
is the
face
test
down;
result
(3)
64.796
perpend
lbf
icular,
[21.33
face up;
N]. The
and, (4)
95 %
perpend
reprodu
icular,
cibility
face
limit of
down.
the
Parallel,
11.8P

FaceUp
95 %
(Method
reprodu
B) test
cibility
is the
limit of
test
the
result
Across,
FaceUp
68.992
(Method
lbf
B) test
[40.00
is the
N].
test
11.8.2
result
PrecisionT
613.368
he95%
lbf
repeatab
[59.46
ility
N].
limit of
the Par 11.8.4
allel,
PrecisionT
Face
he95%
Down
repeatab
(Method
ility
B) test
limit of
is the
the
test
Across,
result
Face
Down
65.087
(Method
lbf
B) test
[22.63
is the
N]. The
test
95 %
result
reprodu
cibility
611.704
limit of
lbf
the
[52.06
Parallel,
N]. The
Face
95 %
Down
reprodu
(Method
cibility
B) test
limit of
is the
the
test
Across,
result
Face
Down
67.370
(Method
lbf
B) test
[32.78
is the
N].
test
11.8.3
result
PrecisionT
619.429
he95%
lbf
repeatab
[86.42
ility
N].
limit of
the
11.8.5
Across, BiasNo
FaceUp
informat
(Method
ion can
B) test
be
is the
presente
test
donthe
result
bias of
610.290
the
lbf
procedu
[45.77
re in
N]. The
these

test
methods
for
measuri
ng the
Flexural
Strength
(Method
B)
because
there is
no
material
having
an
accepte
d
referenc
evalue.
12. Cor
e,
En
d,
and
Edg
e
Har
dne
ss
(Me
tho
d
B)
12.1 Summar
yofTest
Method
The
core,
end, and
edge
hardness
of
gypsum
panel
products
is
evaluate
d by
determin
ing the
force
required
topusha
steel
punch
into the
area of
test.

12.2Signic
ance

and
UseTh
is test
method
coversa
procedu
re for
evaluati
ng the
ability
of the
gypsum
panel
product
core,
ends,
and
edgesto
resist
crushing
during
han
dling or
use of
the
material
. This
test
method
is used
to
determi
ne
complia
ncewith
gypsum
panel
product
specic
ations.
The
degree
of
correlati
on
between
this test
method
and
service
perform
ancehas
notbeen
fully
determi
ned.

12.3
Appa
ratus
See
Sectio
n10.
12.3.1
A means of
securing
the
specime
n to the
base of
the test
apparatu
s shall
be
provide
d. The
face of
the
specime
n shall
be
perpend
icularto
the base
of the
test
apparatu
s and
parallel
to the
moveme
ntofthe
steel
punch.
The
steel
punch
shall be
secured
to the
moving
head of
the test
apparatu
s. It
shall be
position
ed so
that its
center
axis is
parallel
with the
line of
travel.It
also
shall be

position
ed so
that the
punchis
inserted
into the
core
equidist
antfrom
the
surfaces
of the
specime
n. The
steel
punch
shall be
0.099 6
0.003
in.
(2.515 6
0.076
mm) in
diameter
and
more
than 12
in.(12.7
mm)
long
with the
bearing
surface
machine
d to a
90
angle in
referenc
e to the
punch
center
line(see
Fig. 5
and Fig.
6).
12.4S
a
m
p
l
i
n
g

S
a
m
p
l
i
n

s
h
a
l
l
b
e

i
n

a
c
c
o
r
d
a
n
c
e

w
i
t
h

S
e
c

n not
less
than 12
by3in.
(305 by
76 mm)
from
the
center
of each
gypsum
panel
product,
for a
total of
not less
than
three
specime
ns. The
12in.
(305
mm)
dimensi
on shall
be
perpend
icularto
the
edgesof
the
gypsum
panel
product.
tion4.
Cuts
12.5T
along
e
the 12
s
in. (305
t
mm)

dimensi
S
on shall
p
be
e
smooth
c
and
i
m perpend
icularto
e
the face
n
of the
s
specime
:
n.
12.5.1
12.5.2
Specimens
Specimens
for
for End
Core
Hardne
Hardne
ssCut
ssUsi
ng a
a
specime
table or
band
n not
less
saw,cut
a
than 12
by3in.
specime

(305 by
76 mm)
from
one
millcut
end of
each
gypsum
panel
product,
for a
total of
not less
than
three
specime
ns. Cut
the 12
in.
(305
mm)
dimensi
on
perpend
icularto
the
edgesof
the
gypsum
panel
product.
12.5.3
Specimens
for
Edge
Hardne
ssCut
a
specime
n not
lessthan
12 by 3
in. (305
by 76
mm)
from
each
edge of
each
gypsum
panel
product,
for a
total of
not less
than six
6

speci
mens.
Cut the
12in.
(305
mm)
dimensi
on
parallel
to the
edge of
the
gypsum
panel
product.
For
gypsum
panel
products
with
surfacin
g
material
, cut a
1
4 to
1
2in.
(6to13
mm)
strip of
surfacin
g
material
fromthe
edge of
the test
specime
ns
expos
ing the
core for
test.
Remove
as little
of the
core as
possible
when
removin
g the
surfacin
g
material
.
Prepare
the rst
test

C 473 03

FIG. 5 Test SetupPunch for Hardness and Nail Pull Resistance

FIG. 6 Test SetupSample Holder for Hardness Test

area2612in.(51613
mm)fromoneedgeofthe
specimen,withthenexttwo
testareasspaced
approximately4in.(102
am) apart.
12.5.4
Condition
specimens in accordance
with Section 5. 12.6

ProcedureUsing the
apparatus in 12.3, clamp
or
securethespecimenina
xedverticalpositionon
its12in.(305mm)
dimensionedge.If
necessary,modifythe
exural

strength test equipment to

conduct the core, end, and
edgehardnesstest.Placethis
testsurfacenotlessthan1in.
(25mm)abovethegripofthe
specimen holder. After the
specimenisinplace,zerothe
7

loadindicator.Conductthree
testsspacedapproximately4
in. (102 mm) apart on each
specimen, with the rst test
area26 12in.(51613mm)
from one edge of the
specimen. Position the steel
punchoverthetestareaand
apply

C 473 03
theload.Reportasthecore,end,oredgehardnesstheload
requiredtopushthesteelpunchadistanceof12in.(13mm)
intothecoreofthespecimen.
12.6.1ProcedureforCoreHardnessTesteitherofthe
12in.(305mm)sawcutedges,foratotalofnotlessthannine
tests(threeperspecimen).
12.6.2ProcedureforEndHardnessTestthe12in.(305
mm)millcutend,foratotalofnotlessthanninetests(three
perspecimen).
12.6.3ProcedureforEdgeHardnessTestareasalongthe
12in.(305mm)edge,foratotalofnotlessthaneighteentests
(threeperspecimen).Forproductswithsurfacingmaterial,test
wherethesurfacingmaterialhasbeenremoved.
12.7ReportReportthecore,end,andedgehardness
individuallyastheaverageloadinpoundsforceornewtons
roundedtothenearest1lbf(N).Discardanysingletestvalue
thatvariesfromtheaveragebymorethan15%andrepeatthe
testonthesamesampletoobtainanewvalue.
12.8PrecisionandBias:
12.8.1PrecisionThe95%repeatabilitylimitoftheEnd
Hardness(MethodB)testisthetestresult68.103lbf[36.04
N].The95%reproducibilitylimitoftheEndHardness
(MethodB)testisthetestresult69.725lbf[43.56N].
12.8.2PrecisionThe95%repeatabilitylimitoftheCore
Hardness(MethodB)testisthetestresult64.231lbf[18.82
N].The95%reproducibilitylimitoftheCoreHardness
(MethodB)testisthetestresult69.668lbf[43.01N].
12.8.3PrecisionThe95%repeatabilitylimitoftheEdge
Hardness(MethodB)testisthetestresult67.730lbf[34.38
N].The95%reproducibilitylimitoftheEdgeHardness
(MethodB)testisthetestresult623.031lbf[102.45N].
12.8.4BiasNoinformationcanbepresentedonthebias
oftheprocedureinthesetestmethodsformeasuringtheEnd,
Core,andEdgeHardnessbecausethereisnomaterialhaving
anacceptedreferencevalue.
13.NailPullResistance(MethodB)
13.1SummaryofTestMethodTheabilityofgypsumpanel
productstoresistnailpullthroughisevaluatedbydetermining
theloadrequiredtopushastandardnailheadthroughthe
product.
13.2SignicanceandUseThistestmethodcoversa
procedureforevaluatingtheabilityofgypsumpanelproducts
toresistnailpullthroughbydeterminingtheloadrequiredto
forceastandardnailheadthroughtheproduct.Thistest
methodisusedtodeterminecompliancewithgypsumpanel
productspecications.Thedegreeofcorrelationbetweenthese
testmethodsandserviceperformancehasnotbeendetermined.
13.3ApparatusSeeSection10.Theapparatusshallbe
usedwitheitherofthespecimensupportplatesin13.3.1or
13.3.2.
13.3.1SpecimenSupportPlate,shallbetrueandhavea
3in.(76mm)diameterholeinthecenter.Thesupportplate
shallbenotlessthan6by6in.(152by152mm).Itshallbe
attachedtotheapparatusasnecessarytomaintainthesurface
oftheplateperpendiculartothetravelofthetestnail.The
supportplatemustalsobelocatedsothattheverticalaxis
throughthecenterofthenailshankpassesthroughthecenter
oftheholeinthesupportplate.Thetestnailshankshallbe
8

0.09960.003in.(2.51560.076mm)indiameterandthenail
headshallbe0.25060.005in.(6.35060.127mm)in
diameter.Thenailshallbeattachedattheheadtothemovable
crossheadofthetestapparatus.Thisattachmentshallnot
exceedthediameterofthenailheadandshallbeplaced
directlyoverthehead.Itshallalsobeattachedsothatthe
verticalaxisthroughthenailshankisparallelwiththetravel.
SeeFigs.5and7forexamplesofthetestsetupconguration.
13.3.2Fig.3showsaschematicofanalternatenailpull
resistanceapparatusadaptabletoatypicalexuralstrength
apparatuscommonlyusedinthegypsumindustry.Thisappa
ratusmirrorsalloftherequirementsof13.3.1,exceptthatthe
nailisnotattachedattheheadtothemovablecrossheadofthe
testapparatus.Thealternateapparatusutilizesamachined
plungerwiththenailheadandshankincorporatedasan
integralpartoftheplunger.Theplungertsintoabushingthat
keepsthenailalignedperpendiculartothetestspecimen.
13.4 SamplingSamplingshallbeinaccordancewithSec
tion4.
13.5 TestSpecimens:
13.5.1Cutvespecimens6by6in.(152by152mm)from
astripcutacrossthewidthofeach48in.(1220mm)gypsum
panelproductstartingnotlessthan4in.(102mm)infromthe
edge.Cutatotalofvespecimensfrommorethanonefull
widthstripfromgypsumpanelproductslessthan38in.(965
mm)wide.Donotcutthespecimencloserthan3in.(76mm)
fromtheproductedges.
13.5.2Drilla764in.(2.778mm)diameterpilothole
throughthethicknessofthegypsumpanelproductinthecenter
ofeachtestspecimenandperpendiculartothesurface.
13.5.3ConditionspecimensinaccordancewithSection5.
13.6 ProcedureUsingtheapparatusin13.3,placethe
specimenonthespecimensupportplatesothatthedrilledhole
isalignedwiththenailshanktip.Afterthespecimenisin
place,zerotheloadindicator.Insertthenailshankintothe
specimenholeandapplytheloaduntilthemaximumloadis
achieved.Normally,thiswilloccurasthenailheadbreaks
throughthegypsumpanelproductsurfaceandisfollowedby
averysignicantdecreaseinload.

FIG. 7 Test SetupSample Holder for Nail Pull Resistance

C 473 03
the
13.7Report
Nail
Calc
Pull
ulate
(Meth
the
od B)
averag
test is
e
thetest
maxim
result
um
65.610
loadin
lbf
pound
[24.95
sforce
N].
or
newto
The
ns,
95 %
rounde
reprod
d to
ucibili
the
ty
nearest
limit
1 lbf
of the
(N).
Nail
Discar
Pull
d any
(Meth
single
od B)
test
test is
that
the
varies
test
from
result
the
68.96
averag
1 lbf
e by
[39.86
more
N].
than
13.8.2
15 %. BiasNo
If
inform
more
ation
than
canbe
15 %
presen
of the
ted on
test
the
values
biasof
are
the
discar
proced
ded,
ure in
repeat
these
the
test
test.
metho
13.8Pre
ds for
cisi
measu
on
ring
an
Nail
d
Pull
Bia
becaus
s:
ethere
is no
13.8.1
materi
Precision
al
The 95
having
%
an
repeata
accept
bility
ed
limitof

referen
ce
value.

14.5.2
Condit
ion
speci
14. H
mens
u
in
mi
accord
di
ance

with
ed
Sectio
De
n5.
e 14.6Procedu
cti
reSusp
endeach
on
specime
n face
down on
parallel
andlevel
bearing
edges,
having
1
8in.
(3.2
mm)
radii, 12
in. (305
mm)
long,
and 23
in. (584
mm)
apart in
the
humidity
cabinet
in an
atmosph
ereof90
6 3F
(32
6
1.7C)
and906
3 %
relative
humidity
for48h.
Measure
the
humidi
ed
deectio
nofeach
specime
n, while
suspende
d on the
bearing
edges,as
the
distance
between
a

straighte
mm).
dge
14.7Report
Report
placed
the
on the
humidi
top end
ed
edges of
deectio
the
n as the
gypsum
average
panel
of the
specime
product
nstothe
and the
nearest
upper
1
8in.(3
surface
mm).
of the
product 14.8Precisio
n and
at its
BiasTh
e
center.
precision
Take
and bias
measure
of this
ments to
test
the
method
has not
nearest
been
1
16 in.
determin
(1.6
ed.
high
14.1Summa
humidit
ry of
yfor48
Test
h.
Method
The 14.2Signi
cance
humidi
and
ed
UseT
deectio
his test
n
of
method
gypsum
coversa
panel
procedu
product
re for
s is
evaluati
evaluat
ng the
ed by
deectio
supporti
n of
ng a
speci
gypsum
men
panel
that has
product
been
s when
cutwith
horizon
thelong
tally
dimensi
suspend
on
ed and
perpend
subjecte
icular
d to
to the
high
machin
humidit
e
y. This
directio
test
n,
method
support
is used
ed
to
horizon
determi
tally,
ne
and
complia
subjecte
nce
d to
with

gypsum
panel
product
specic
ations.
Since
job
factors
other
than
high
humidit
y
inuenc
e the
deectio
n of
gypsum
panel
product
s, the
degree
of
correlat
ion
betwee
n this
test
method
and
service
perform
ance
has not
been
determi
ned.
14.3Appara
tusA
humidit
y
cabinet
of
sufficie
nt size
to
accom
modate
test
specime
ns 12
by 24
in.(305
by 610
mm)
capable
of
maintai
ning an
atmosp
here of
90 6
3F (32

6
1.7C)
and 90
6 3 %
relative
humidit
yfor48
h.
14.4S
a
m
p
l
i
n
g

S
a
m
p
l
i
n
g

s
h
a
l
l

b
e

i
n

a
c
c
o
r
d
a
n
c
e

w
i
t
h

S
e
c

tion4.
14.5T
e
s

S
p
e
c
i
m
e
n
s
:

14.5.
1 Cut
two
specime
ns 12
by 24
in.(305
by 610
mm)
from
each
gypsum
panel
product
in the
sample
so the
12in.
dimensi
on is
parallel
to the
edges.
Cut
specime
ns not
less
than
12in.
away
from
the
ends
and
edges
of
gypsum
panel
product
s48in.
(1220
mm) or
more in
width.
Cut
specime
ns from
the
center
of

gypsum
panel
product
s that
are
narrowe
r than
48 in.
(1220
mm) as
notedin
Fig.8.

is used
to
determi
ne
complia
nce
with
15.1 Summar
gypsum
y of
panel
Test
product
Method
specic
ations.
The
The
end
degree
squaren
of
ess of
correlat
gypsum
ion
panel
betwee
products
n this
is
test
evaluate
method
d by
and
drawing
service
a line
perform
perpen
ance
dicular
has not
to the
been
edge of
determi
a full
ned.
width 15.3Appara
specime
tusA
n to its
T
opposite
shaped
edge
or L
and
shaped
measuri
square
ng the
for
length
draw
of the
ing or
side of
testing
right
the
angles.
triangle
The
formed.
long
15.2Signi
edge of
cance
the
and
square
UseT
shall be
his test
not less
method
than 48
covers
in.
a
15.4S
procedu
a
re for
m
determi
p
ningthe
l
end
i
squaren
n
ess of
g
gypsum

panel
S
product
a
s. This
test
m
method
p
15. En
d
Sq
uar
ene
ss

l
ush
against
i
n the
g edge of
the

gypsum
s
panel
h product
a withthe
l
apex of
l
the
square

b at one
e corner
of the

product
i
.
n
Determi

ne the
a distance
c b,tothe
c nearest
o 116 in.
r
(1.6
d mm) at
a the
n specie
c d
e distance
a.

Distanc
w e is
i
measur
t
edfrom
h the
apex of

S the
e square
c (see
Fig.9).

15.7Report

Repor
tion4.
t the
15.5Test
average
Specim
of
ensUs
distance
e full
b tothe
size
nearest
gypsum
1
panel
8 in.
product
(3.2
s with
mm).
undama 15.8Precisi
ged
on and
endsfor
BiasT
he
test
precisio
specime
n and
ns.
bias of
15.6Proced
this test
method
urePl
has not
ace one
been
edge of
determi
the
ned.
square

FIG. 8 Sample
Selection Detail for
Humidied Deection
Test
9

C 473 03
product
s,andis
used to
determi
ne
complia
nce
FIG. 9with
End gypsum
Squarpanel
enessproduct
Deterspecic
minatations.
ion The
degree
of
16. Thi
correlat
ck
ion
nes
betwee
s
n this
16.1Summa
test
ry of
method
Test
and
Method
service
The
perform
nomina
ance
l
has not
thickne
been
ss of
deter
gypsum
mined.
panel 16.3 Apparat
product
usA
s is
microm
evaluat
eter
ed by
gagefor
measuri
determi
ng the
ningthe
thickne
thicknes
ss of
s
the
measure
specim
ment to
en with
0.001
a
in.
microm
(0.025
eter.
mm).
16.2Signi
The
cance
microm
and
eter
UseT
shall be
his test
a 1in.
method
(25.4
covers
mm)
a
hand
procedu
microm
re for
eter
determi
with
1
ningthe
4in.
thickne
(6.35
ss of
mm)
gypsum
diamete
panel
r anvils

graduat
ed to
0.01 in.
(0.25
mm).

p
e
c
i
m
e
n
s
:

16.4S
a
m
p
l
i
16.5.1
n
Use
g
ful

l
S
siz
a
e
m
gy
p
ps
l
u
i
m
n
pa
g
ne

l
s
pr
h
od
a
uc
l
ts
l
fo

r
b
tes
e
t
sp

i
ec
n
i
mens.

a16.5.2
cMark the
c product
o to be
tested,
r
d score
a on both
n sides,
c and
e breakat
12 in.

w (305
mm)
i
from
t
h each
end,

S discardi
e ng the
two
c
ends

prior to

testing.
tion4.
Retain
16.5T the
e remaini
s
ng part
t
of each

gypsum
S

panel
product
asatest
specim
en.
16.6
Proced
ureMa
rk
measure
ment
pointsat
approxi
mately
equal
points
across
the
widthat
each
end of
the
gypsum
panel
product
excludi
ng the
tapered,
beveled,
or
recessed
edges if
applicab
le.
Engage
the
microm
eter
rmly,
but do
not
indent
the
surfacin
g
material
of the
gypsum
panel
product.
Measur
e the
thicknes
s of the
gypsum
panel
product
withthe
microm
eter not
less
than 12
in. (13

mm)
fromcut
ends.
Take a
minimu
mofnot
less
than
seven
readings
at each
end of
the 54
in.
(1370
mm)
wide
gypsum
panel
product,
six
readings
at each
end of
the 48
in.
(1220
mm)
wide
gypsum
panel
product,
ve
readings
at each
end of
the 32
in.
(813
mm)
wide
gypsum
panel
product,
four
readings
at each
end of
the 24
in.
(610
mm)
wide
gypsum
panel
product,
or three
readings
at each
end of
the 16
in.
(406

mm)
wide
gypsum
panel
product.

16.7
Report
Calcu
late the
nomina
l
thickne
ss of
each
specim
en as
the
average
of the
individ
ual
microm
eter
reading
taken
oneach
gypsum
panel
product
.
Calcula
te and
report
the
sample
thickne
ss as
the
average
measur
ed
thickne
ssofall
the
specim
ens in
the
sample
to the
nearest
1
64 in.
(0.4
mm)
and
local
variatio
ns in
anyone
specim
en to
the
nearest
1
32 in.
(0.8
mm).
16.8
Precisi

on and
BiasT
he
precisio
n and
bias of
thistest
method
has not
been
determi
ned.
17. Re
ces
sed
or
Ta
per
ed
Ed
ge
De
pth
17.1
Summa
ryof
Test
Method
The
recesse
dor
tapered
edge
depth
of
gypsum
panel
product
sis
evaluat
edby
compar

mance
ingthe
has not
thickne
been
ssnear
determi
the
ned.
edgeof
17.3A
the
p
specim
p
ento
a
the
r
thickne
ssin
a
the
t
eldof
u
the
s
specim

en.
U
17.2Signi
s
cance
e
and

UseT
t
his test
h
method
e
provide

s a
m
proced
i
ure for
c
determi
r
ning
o
the
m
depth
e
of the
t
recess
e
ortaper
r
on the

edge of
g
gypsum
a
panel
g
product
e
s board

and is
d
used to
e
determi
s
ne
c
compli
r
ance
i
with
b
gypsum
e
panel
d
product
speci

ca
i
tions.
n
The

degree 16.3.
E
of
ngage
correlat
the
ion
microm
betwee
eter
n this
rmly
test
but do
method
not
and
indent
service
the
perfor
surfaci

ng
c
materia

l. Take

all
tion4.
reading
17.5Spe
stothe
cim
nearest
ens
0.001
:
in.
17.5.1
(0.025 Use the
mm) of
same
specim
specim
en
ens
thickne
prepare
ss.
d in
17.4S 16.5,or
a prepare
m another
p set of
specim
l
ens as
i
n indicate
g d in
16.5.
17.6
S
Proc
a
edure
m
:
p
17.6.1
l
At one
i
co
n
rn
g
er,

de
s
ter
h
mi
a
ne
l
th
l
e

thi
b
ck
e
ne

ss
i
6
n
in.

(1
a
52
c
am)
fr
c
o
o
m
r
th
d
e
a
cu
n
t
c
en
e
d

an
w
d
i
3

t
8
h
in.

(9.
S
5
e

m
edge
depths,
m
as in
)
17.5.
fr
o 17.6.5
m Determine
the
th
variatio
e
n of
ed
any
ge
individ
.
ual
17.6.2
recesse
Subtract the
d or
specim
en as
tapered
determi
edge
ned in
depth
17.6.1
from
from
the
the
average
average
specim
as
en
determi
thickne
ss as
ned in
determi
17.6.4
ned in
using
Section
the
16.
subtract
17.6.3
ion
Repeat the
method
proced
.
ure in
17.6.1 17.6.6
Reject or
and
discard
17.6.2
any
on the
individ
remaini
ual
ng
recesse
three
d or
corners
tapered
of this
edge
specim
depth
en and
calculat
on the
ion, as
remaini
in
ng two
17.6.2,
specim
if the
ens of
variatio
the
n from
sample.
average
17.6.4
, as in
Determine
17.6.5,
the
exceeds
average
0.050
recesse
in.
d or
(1.27
tapered
mm).
edge
To
depth
constitu
from
te a
all the
valid
individ
test do
ual
not
recesse
discard
d or
more
tapered

than
ed by
three
measuri
individ
ng the
ual
edge
calculat
toedge
ions.
dimen
sion of
17.7
a full
Report
size
Repor
specim
t the
en.
average
recesse 18.2 Signic
d or
ance
tapered
and
edge
UseTh
depth
is test
as in
method
17.6.4
provides
after
a
any
procedu
adjustm
re for
entsfor
determi
exclusi
ning the
ons of
widthof
data as
gypsum
in
panel
17.6.5
products
or
and is
17.6.6
used to
to the
determi
nearest
ne
0.001
complia
in.
ncewith
(0.025
gypsum
mm).
panel
17.8
products
Precisi
specic
on and
ations.
BiasT
he
The
precisio
degree
n and
of
bias of
correlati
thistest
on
method
between
has not
this test
been
method
determi
and
ned.
18. Wi
dth

service
perform
ancehas
notbeen
determi
ned.

18.1Summa
ry of
Test
Method 18.3Appara
tusAn
The
y
width
accurat
of
e
gypsum
measuri
panel
product
ng
s is
device
evaluat
capable

of
r
d
measuri
a
n
ng the
c
e
width

of the
w
i
gypsum
t
h
panel

product
S
e
to the
c

nearest

1
32 in.
tion4.
(1
18.5Test
mm).
Specim
18.4S ensUs
a e full
m
p size
l
gypsum
i
n panel
g
product
S s for
a
m test
p
specim
l
i
n ens.
g
18.6P

r
s
h
o
a
l
c
l
e

b
d
e
u

i
r
n

e
a
:
c
c

o
10

C 473 03
round,
18.6.1
determi
Measurethe
ne the
width
overall
of an
distanc
individ
e. One
ual
excepti
gypsum
on is
panel
tongue
product
and
by
groove
placing
edge
the
specim
measuri
ens, the
ng
width
device
of
perpend
which
icular
is the
to the
distanc
edges
e
of the
betwee
gypsum
n the
panel
rip of
product
the
when
tongue
measur
and the
ements
bottom
are
of the
taken.
groove.
The
18.6.2
width
of theThe width
of an
specim
individ
en is
ual
the
gypsum
distanc
panel
e
product
betwee
is the
n
maxim
extremi
um of
ties of
two
the
reading
edges,
s taken
so in
not less
cases
than 48
where
in.
the
(1220
edge oram) apart
edges
and
are
about 6
beveled
in.(152
(slope
mm)
in or
away
out)
from
withthe
both
face or
ends of
back of
the
specim
the
en. Cut
specim
off6in.
en, or
(152
are

mm)
measuri
from
ng the
both
endto
ends
end
before
dimensi
taking
on of a
measur
fullsize
ements
specim
at ends
en.
of
19.2 Signic
tongue
ance
and
and
groove
UseTh
edge
is test
specim
method
ens.
provide
18.7
s a
Report
procedu
Repor
re for
t the
determi
width
ningthe
as the
length
average
gypsum
width
panel
of not
product
less
s and is
than
used to
three
determi
specim
ne
ens to
complia
the
ncewith
nearest
gypsum
1
panel
32 in.
product
(1mm).
s
18.8
Precisi
specic
on and
ations.
BiasT
The
he
degree
precisio
n and
of
bias of
correlati
thistest
on
method
has not
between
been
this test
determi
method
ned.
19. Le
ngt
h

and
service
perform
ancehas
notbeen
determi
ned.

19.1Summa
ry of
Test
Method 19.3Appara
tusAn
The
y
length
accurat
of
e
gypsum
measuri
panel
ng
product
device
s is
capable
evaluat
of
ed by

measuri
r
e
ng the
:
width

of the
gypsum 19.6.1
panel Measurethe
length
product
of an
to the
individ
nearest
1
ual
16 in.
gypsum
(2mm).
panel
19.4S
a product
m by
p
l
placing
i
n the
g measuri

S ng
a
m device
p parallel
l
withthe
i
n edges
g
when

s
h measur
ements
a
l
are
l

taken.
b The
e

length
i
n of the

specim
a
en is
c
c
o the
r
distanc
d e
a
n betwee
c
n
e

w extremi
ties of
i
t
h the

ends,so
S incases
e
c
where

the

tion4.
ends
are
19.5Test
beveled
Specim
ensUs
,
e full
determi
size
ne the
gypsum
overall
panel
distanc
product
e.
s for19.6.2
test
The length
specim
of a
ens.
specim
19.6P en is
r
the
o maxim
c
um of
e
two
d reading
u s taken

about 3
in. (76
mm)
away
from
both
edges
of the
specim
en.
19.7Report
Repor
t the
length
as the
average
length
of not
less
than
three
specim
ens to
the
nearest
1
8 in.
(3mm).
19.8Precisi
on and
BiasT
he
precisio
n and
bias of
thistest
method
has not
been
determi
ned.

r
e

T
r
e
a
t
e
d

W
a
t
e
r

R
e
p
e
l
l
e
n
t

G
y
p
s
u
m

P
a
n
e
l

P
r
o
d
u
c
t
s

20. W
a
t
e
r

R
e
s
i
s
t
a
n 20.1Summa
ry of
c
Test
e
Method

The
o
water
f
resistan

ce of
C
core
o
treated

water 20.2Signi
repellen
cance
t
and
gypsum
UseT
panel
his test
product
method
s is
provide
evalu
s a
ated by
procedu
immers
re for
ing the
evaluati
specim
ng the
en in
ability
water
ofcore
for the
treated
specie
gypsum
d
panel
period
product
oftime.
s to

resist
water
penetrat
ion.
This
test
method
is used
to
determi
ne
complia
nce
with
gypsum
panel
product
specic
ations.
The
degree
of
correlat
ion
betwee
n this
test
method
and
service
perform
ance
has not
been
determi
ned.
20.3A
p
p
a
r
a
t
u

by 12
in.(305
by 305
mm)
20.3.1
test
Water Bath,
speci
not less
mencut
than 16
from
by 16
the
by3in.
center
(406 by
of the
406 by
gypsum
75mm)
panel
capable
product
of
being
maintai
tested
ningthe
by
waterat
scoring
a
and
constan
breakin
t
g. Cut
tempera
specime
ture of
ns
70 6
approxi
1F (21
mately
6
centere
0.5C).
d
20.3.2
betwee
Glass Rods,
n both
0.25 in.
edges
(6 mm)
and not
in
less
diamete
than 6
r, or
in.(152
other
mm)
support
from
s
either
capable
end.Do
of
not
keeping
treatthe
the
edges
specime
of the
ns off
specime
the
n nor
bottom
damage
of the
any
water
surfacin
bath.
g
20.4
material
Sampli
.
ngSa
mpling 20.5.2
shall beCondition
the
in
specime
accorda
ns in
nce
accorda
with
nce
Sec
with
tion4.
Section
20.5
5,
Test
except
Speci
at a
mens:
tempera
20.5.1
ture of
Preparea12
s
:

70 6
5F (21
6 2C),
and
then
weigh
to
within
0.5g.
20.6
Proc
edure
:
20.6.1
Position the
specime
nsothat
it rests
atwise
on glass
rods or
other
supports
in the
water
bath
with a
head of
1in.(25

am) of
water
overthe
top of
the
specime
n.Ifthe
specime
n oats,
place
sufficie
nt
weight
on the
specime
n to
keep it
in
contact
withthe
support
s under
the 1
in. (25
mm)
head of
water.
20.6.2
After 2 h
have
elapsed,
remove
the
specime

n from
the
bath,
wipe
excess
water
from
the
surfaces
and
edges
of the
specime
n and
weigh
immedi
ately to
within
0.5g.
20.7
Report
Calcu
late the
gain in
weight
foreach
speci
men as
a
percent
age of
the
original
weight
as
determi
ned in
20.5.2
to the
nearest
1%and
report
the
average
percent
age as
the
water
absorpti
on of
the
gypsum
panel
product
.
20.8
Precisi
on and
BiasT
he
precisio
n and
bias of
this test

method
has not
been
determi
ned.

surfaces
is
evaluat
ed by
dammin
g a
21. Su
specie
d area
rf
on the
ac
treated
e
surface,
W
lling
at
that
er
area
Re
with
sis
water,
ta
and
nc
allowin
g it to
e
remain
of
undistur
G
bed for
yp
the
su
specie
m
d time
Pa
period.
ne 21.2Signi
l
cance
Pr
and
od
UseT
his test
uc
method
ts
provide
wi
s a
th
procedu
W
re for
at
evaluati
er
ng the

ability
Re
of
pe
water
lle
repellen
nt
t
Su
surfac
ing of
rf
gypsum
ac
panel
es
product
21.1Summa
s to
ry of
resist
Test
water
Method
penetrat
The
ion.
surface
This
water
test
resis
method
tanceof
is used
gypsum
to
panel
determi
product
ne
s with
complia
water
nce
repellen
with
t

gypsum
ance
panel
has not
product
been
specic
deter
ations.
mined.
The
21.3Appara
degree
tusA
of
Cobb
correlat
Tester
ion
conditio
betwee
nedtoa
n this
tempera
ture of
test
70 6
method
5F (21
and
6
service
0.5C).
perform
11

C 473 03
NOTE
2For a
descripti
onofthe
test
apparatus
see Test
Method
D 3285.
Thestuds
that
anchor
themetal
crossbar
mayneed
to be
lengthen
ed to
accomm
odate
gypsum
panel
products.

w
i
t
h

S
e
c

tion4.
21.5T
e
s
t

S
p
e
21.4S
c
a
i
m
m
p
e
l
n
i
s
n
:
g

21.5.1
S
aCut three
specime
m
ns5in.
p
(127
l
mm)
i
square
n from
g the

eld of
s
each
h sample
a pieceof
l
gypsum
l
panel
product.

b21.5.2
eCondition
the

specime
i
n ns in
accorda

a nce
c with
c Section
o 5,
except
r
d at a
a tempera
n ture of
6
c 70

5F (21
21.6.
6 2C),
2 After
to
2 h
constan
have
tweight
elapsed
within
, pour
0.1 %
the
and
water
then
out of
weigh
the
to
Cobb
within
ring
0.05g.
and
21.6
remove
Proc
the
edure
specim
:
enfrom
21.6.1
the
Place the
Cobb
conditio
Tester.
ned test
Immedi
specime
ately
ns in
remove
the
excess
Cobb
water
Tester
from
withthe
the
side to
specim
be
en by
exposed
blotting
towater
and
facing
weigh
up. Fill
to the
the
nearest
Cobb
0.05g.
ring
withtap21.7Report
water
Calcu
adjuste
late
d to a
average
tempera
differen
ture of
ce
70 6
betwee
1F (21
n the
6
dry and
0.5C),
wet
resultin
weights
gina1
of the
in.
test
(25.4
specime
mm)
ns to
head of
the
water
nearest
above
0.1 g
the test
and
area of
report
the
this as
specime
the
n.
surface
water
absorpti
on of
the

gypsum
panel
product
.
21.8Precisi
on and
BiasT
he
precisio
n and
bias of
thistest
method
has not
been
determi
ned.
22. Ke
yw
ord
s
22.1absorpt
ion
testing;
core
hardnes

s
testing;
dimensi
on
measur
ements;
edge
hardnes
s
testing;
end
hardnes
s
testing;
exural
strengt
h;
gypsum
panel
product
s;
humidi
ed
sag;
nail
pull
testing

APPENDIXE
S
(Nonmandatory
Information)
X1.
INTRODUCTION

X1.1
ASTM
specic
ations
for
gypsum
panel
products
donot
contain
a
specic
ationfor
weight.
The
procedu
re,
however
,

is
referenc
edin
other
industry
standar
ds,and
is
therefor
e
retained
asan
appendi
xitem.

X2.WEIGHT

X2.1

Test
Specim
ensA
sample
shall
consist
of not
less
than
three
fullsize
pieces
of the
gypsum
panel
product
.
X2.2
Proced
ureM
easure
the
length
and
width
of each
specime
n in
accorda
nce
with
Section
s 17
and 18.
Weight
the
specime
ns on a
suitable
scale
and
record
the
weight
to the
nearest
1
4 lb
(0.1
kg).
X2.3
Calcula
tionC
alculate
the
weight
in
accorda
nce

withthe
followi
ng
equatio
n and
table:

weight
as the
average
calculat
Where: MeaningofSymbol
ed
W=
weightofspecimen
weight,
L=
lengthofspecimen
in
B=
widthofspecimen
lb/1000
P=
weightofspecimen
ft2(kg/1
K=
00 m2)
of the
X2.4
three
Report
gypsum
Repor
specime
t the
ns.

12

C 473 03
SUMMARYOFCHANGES
CommitteeC11hasidentiedthelocationofselectedchangestothisstandardsincethelastissue(C473
00)thatmayimpacttheuseofthisstandard.(ApprovedJune10,2003.)
(1)AddedPrecisionandBiasinformationinsections11.8,
12.8,and13.8.

(2)Revisedsection20.3.1.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
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13