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SPE 10067
ABSTRACT
This paper presents results of analyzing constant
volume depletion data obtained from experimental
analyses of gas condensates and volatile oils.
Theoretical and practical developments are suppor.ted
by analyses of experimental data from two North Sea
condensate reservoirs.
The three maj or contributions of this work are:
(1) presentation of material balance equations used
to calculate fluid (particularly liquid) properties
from measured constant volume depletion data
(2) a simple method for calculating "black oh"
formation volume factors and solution gas-oil ratios
for volatile systems using material balance results
and a separator flash program, and (3) investigation
of the Peng-Robinson equation of state as a tool for
matching measured PVT data and studying vapor-liquid
equilibria phenomena during constant volume depletion.
The main example presented is a rich gas
condensate whose measured, calculated and simulated
phase behavior are fully documented in tables and
figures. Complete description of the heptanes-plus
fraction is also included so that other engineers can
check, modify and hopefully improve fluid characterization using the Peng-Robinson (or: any other)
equation of state.
INTRODUCTION
Constant volume depletion (CVD) experiments are
performed on gas condensate and volatile oil fluids
to simulate reservoir depletion performance and compositional variation. Resulting data can be used in
a variety of reservoir engineering calculations,
among the most useful being material balance calculations, generating "black oil" PVT properties and more
recently, the tuning of empirical equations of state.
All of these applications are addressed in the
present work.
SPE 10067
* Rogaland
(,1)
SPE 10067
I<.
r t..n ,
,[='2
,[='2
p.<.
(4)
j.<.
Zd R.T
Pd
(Sa)
(5b)
vLI<.
SLI<. VeeLt
................. (9)
I<.
r t..n "y
:::
I1 vk)
(I1tk
Vc..~
ntl<.Zjk - nvk'Yjk
(3)
pA..
" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. (6)
mtk
r t..n ,M ,
,[= '2
. ,
. . . . . (12]
mvk
where pressure Pk corresponds to vapor compressibility
factor Zk'
i' Mb and Pb are buble point molecular mass and
density, respectively. Zd and Pd are dew point
compressibility and pressure, respectively.
V.<.
P'<'
nvkMvk
* F = b(l/Tb
(13)
SPE 10067
mLk
m.:tk - mvk
(14J.
equilibrium
can be
to V. i.e.
and 7).
Mvk'Pk
Zk R T
'"
. .'
'"
<
1.51
m.:tk
(16J.
N-1
,[:/ Mj Xjl<.,[
.......... (1S)
R =
(19 )
. j
SPE 10067
J.>tage1>
L m + m
STO
1=1 g-<-
... . . . . . . . (20)
VSTO'P L
where VSTO is stock tank oil volume (e.g. 1 STB) and
where mg and mSTO are masses of total surface gases
and stock tank oil, respectively. Liquid density, PL'
can be determined from either material balance
calculations (ffiL from Eq. 14 and VL fromEq. 6), or
from one of several compositional density correlations
avai1ab1e 67 using material balance-derived liquid
compositions. We caution the use of PL calculated
from material balance equations since only a slight
error in retrograde liquid volume can result in a
substantial error in liquid density - and therefore
Bo ' The same error will ,not affect liquid composition
to the same degree.
At the same depletion stage k, vapor phase with
composition Yj is separated through the flash
simulator using identical K-values. The resulting
surface gas volumes divided by stock tank oil volume
defines the "vapor" solution gas-oil ratio Rsg
Gas formation volume factor, on the other hand, can
be accurately estimated from the CVD compressibility
factor Z using the real gas law,
Heptanes-Plus Characterization
Extended compositional data of the C7+ fraction
was not available for the NS-l fluid, only molecular
mass and specific gravity. Complete true boiling
point (TBP) data were, however, available from an
offsetting well, NS-lb. These data were adapted to
the NS-l fluid using the method presented in Ref. 11,
slightly modified as discussed in Appendix B.
Molal distribution (mole fraction vs molecular
mass) of the NS-lb fluid was fit using the gamma
distribution parameter alpha and variable upper
boundry molecular masses. The optimal alpha was 0.712
for eta (minimum molecular mass in the C7+ fraction)
of 92. Table 2 gives results of the match.
Molal distribution of the NS-l C7+ fraction was
then calculated using a ~ 0.712, n ~ 92 and MC7+ ~
184 (as compared to 177 for the NS-lb fluid). We also
chose to hold upper boundry molecular masses constant
(equivalent to paraffin values), giving the results
presented in Table 3.
Properties of the single carbon number (SCN)
groups were estimated** by defining the Kuop factors
from NS-lb SCN molecular masses and specific gravities
using the relation ll
K
~ 4 5579.MO.15178
-0.84573
uop'
.y
........ (23)
6.01077.K~p1824 .MO.17947
(24)
SPE 10067
SPE 10067
NOMENCLATURE
A or A(p)
.tog Kp vs F plot
convergence
slope of
liquid phase
carbon number
= oil
produced
reduced
C7+
heptanes-plus component
sc
= standard
exp(x)
eX ; e = 2.71828 ..
STO
= stock
EOS
equation of state
CVD
F or F(T)
K
.tv!
.tog
f3
m
M
mass, lb m ; kg
mo1euc1ar mass, lb m/1b-mole ; kg/kg-mo1e
uop
NS
pressure, psia
p(x)
Pr
kPa
sg
so
absolute temperature, oR ; K
volume, ft 3 ;m 3
Y or Y(p)
intercept of
.tog Kp vs F plot
atmospheric
b
c
cell
d
g
dew point
gas
component.identifier
depletion stage
tank oil
= vapor phase
= parameter
in gamma distribution
= gamma function
= incremental
interaction coefficient
parameter in gamma distribution
(minimum molecular mass)
density, 1bm/ft 3 ; kg/m 3 (gm/cc)
= acentric factor
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors wish to thank H. Norvik, H. Asheim,
D. Murphy, V. Dalen and G. Nielsen for useful coriunents
concerning this paper. We also acknowledge computer
time and facilities donated by Roga1and District
College, Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) and
Continental Shelf Institute (IKU). Phillips Petroleum Norway and Statoi1 should be thanked for contributing well-needed fluid data to the petroleum literature. Economical support from frying pan publications, Inc. is, as usual, appreciated.
REFERENCES
1.
Reude1huber, F.O. and Hinds, R.F.: "A Compositional Material Balance Method for Prediction of
Recovery from Volatile Oil Depletion Drive Reservoirs," T!l.an.o. ,AIME(1957) 21 0,19-26
2.
3.
Peng, D.-Y. and Robinson, D.B.: "A New TwoConstant Equation of State," IV!d. EYIfJ.Chem. FuV!d.
(1976)15,No.l,59-64
Subscripts
a
SPE 10067
SPE 10067
4.
5.
6.
20.
On'
21.
Robinson, D.B. and Peng, D.-Y.: "The Characterization of the Heptanes and Heavier Fractions,"
Research Report 28, GPA Tulsa, Oklahoma (1978)
22.
Tnano.,AIME(1944)155,232
7.
APPENDIX A
Tnano."AIME(1960)219,288-292
IMPROVED K-VALUE ESTIMATION AT HIGH PRESSURES
8.
9.
Glas, C/J. and Whitson, C. H.: "The Accuracy of PVTParameters Calculated from Computer Flash Separation at Pressures Less Than 1000 ps ia," SPE Paper
8033 (1979)
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
K.
j
where
TIT,
ej
plPej
1 + W,
j
Tb/T ej
7 1 - Tb/T ej
5.37 = '?"tn(70)
3
'T and p define the system's temperature and pressure,
Tb is the atmospheric boiling point at Pa' and Tc and
Pc are critical temperature and pressure, respectively.
Actually, Eq. A-l appeared in the petroleum literature
some 10 years before Wilson proposed his relation.
Hoffman, d.at. 8 presented Eq. A-1 graphically (their
Fig. 4) and suggested the following generalization
(albeit graphically),
A(p)' Fj(T) + YIp)
19.
(A-2l
where
11T b , - liT
J
tog (Pe/Pal
11Tb, - 1IT ,
j
ej
....... (A-3l
10
A(p)
pJr.eJ.,!.>U!te-depertdent !.>,tope
Y(p)
~e!.>!.>U!te-depertdent
SPE 10067
lnteJr.eept
and that exponent n = 0.6 for all systems.
K,
j
.. ..... (A-7)
K,
I .
Note that A=l for pcp , reducing E.q. A-7 to Eq. A-I.
For P=PK' K.=l, thus ~aking Eq. A-7 consistent at
both pressute boundries. Using Eqs. A-5 (n~0.6),
A-6 and A-7, K-values can be estimated directly from
input data used by equations of state .
(A-3)
APPENDIX B
where PK = convergence pressure and FK = the F-va1ue
corresponding to PK at the common point of intersection. Eq. A-3 is easily derived by noting that Kj=l
at convergence pressure PK' We can also show from
Eq. A-l that FK = ,tog(PK/Pa), or in terms of the
intercept in Eq. A-2,
y
The pressure-dependence of slope A was investigated and found to have the following two properties:
(1) it ranged from 0 ~ A ~ 1 forPK < p < Pa and
(2) its form varied from sligt1y concave up to
linear (see Fig. 11). From these observations, a
general equation-form was found to fit A(p),
A(p)
M' .
opt
M2 ~.Ml
A
2 -
. A
......... (B-2)
SPE 10067
M.{,',
n + a~
P~(M~;+I,a+l,~,n) - P~(M<M~,a+l,~,n)
--~"--::,:",,:,_-------~.{,:::,-,,_--
P~(M~Ml+l,a,~,n)
where
P~(M~l,a,~,n)
... (B-3)
'
00
P~(X~x,a"b,c.)
e,-Y
t'
(B . . 4)
j=O
y
= (x-c.)
/b
(B-6)
11
TABLE 1 - MEASURED CONSTAID VOLUME DEPLETION DATA FOR THE NS-1 FLUID AT 280 of
Compositions
Equilibrium
Liquid
F:quilibriuni
Vapo,r.
Pressure - psia
Exp.
Calc.
714.7
714.7
Cor~ponent
6764.7
5514.7
4314.7
3114.7
2114.7'
1214.7
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
2.37
0.31
73.19
7.80
3.55
0.71
1.45
0.64
0.68
1. 09
8.21
2.40
0.32
75.56
7.83
3.47
0.67
1. 37
0.59
0.62
0.97
6.20
2.45
0.33
77 .89
7.87
3.40
0.65
1.31
0.55
0.58
0.88
4.09
2.50
0.34
79.33
7.92
3.41
0.64
1.30
0.53
0.56
0.83
2.64
2.53
0.34
79.62
':8.04
3.53
0.66
1.33
0.54
0.57
0.82
2.02
2.57
0.34
78.90
8.40
3.74
0.72
1.44
0.59
0 . 61
0.85
1.84
2.60
0.33
77 .80
8.70
3.91
0.78
1.56
0.64
0.66
0.90
2.12
0.59
0.02
12.42
3.36
2.92
0.91
2.09
1.40
1.60
3.68
71.01
0.535
0.017
10.704
3.220
2.896
0.916
2.103
1.417
1.624
3.755
72 .815
Totals
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.000,
MC7 +
184.0
160.0
142.0
127.0
119.0
115.0
114.0
213.0
207.9
Methane
Ethane
Propane
iso-Butane
normal-Butane
iso-Pentane
normal-Pentane
Hexanes
Heptanes-plus
YC7+
Z
n
0.816
0.799
0.783
0.770
0.762
0.758
0.757
1. 238
1.089
0.972
0.913
0.914
0.937
0.960
9.024
21. 744
38.674
55.686
72.146
81. 301
19.7
21.6
21.3
20.2
19.3
0.000
-. %
SL - %
714.7
14.1
0.0
0.833
Measured
Single
Carbon
Number
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25+
Mole
Molal
Factor
Boiling
Point
(Pa)
0.7158
0.7365
0.7757
0.7639
0.7723
0.7814
0.7939
0.8053
0.8096
0.8152
0.8255
0.8303
0.8341
0.8400
0.8477
0.8531
0.8577
0.8666
0.8826
12.05
11. 93
11.90
11.99
12.04
12.04
12.03
12.02
12.13
12.30
12.19
12.20
12.26
12.28
12.29
12.32
12.36
12.38
12.87
641. 7
678.3
727.3
768.4
804.0
832.7
871.2
907.0
947.1
1008.1
1019.0
1039.4
1069.4
1097.6
1130.8
1161.0
1191.4
1234 .9
1465.6
0.8061
12.25
(12.02)*
Mass
Specific
Gravity
0.94
0.84
0.74
0.60
0.41
0.34
0.31
0.26
0.22
0.19
0.17
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.51
95
104
118
132
144
154
167
180
197
212
226
234
250
262
277
292
308
329
471
6.19
177
Percent
uop
Upper
Mole
Molal
Molal
Percent
Mass
Mass
0.935
0.838
0.739
0.600
0.410
0.340
0.310
0.260
0.220
0.190
0.170
0.150
0.130
0.110
0.080
0.070
0.060
0.070
0.508
95.1
105.4
118.9
134.2
148.7
161. 7
175.0
188.7
202.1
215.4
228.9
242.8
256.8
270.6
283.0
294.1
304.8
316.7
439.1
99.6
111.9
126.8
142.4
155.5
i68.4
182.2
195.7
209.1
222./,
236.1
250.1
2M .1
277 .8
289.0
299.9
310.3
324.0
6.190
177.0
0.843
TABLE 3. - PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE C7+ SINGLE AND MULTIPLE CARBON NUMBER
GROUPS USED IN THE PENG-ROBINSON EQUATIllN OF STATE TO DESCRIBE
RESERVOIR FLUID BEHAVIOR OF THE NS-1 FLUID
Single
Carbon
Number
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25+
Mole
Percent
Molal
Mass
Specific
Gravity
1. 2136
1.1730
0.8600
0.6872
0.5681
0.4783
0.4074
0.3498
0.3021
0.2621
0.2282
0.1992
0,1744
0.1529
0.1343
0.1182
0.1041
0.0918
0.7054
95.3
106.5
120.7
134.7
148.7
162.7
176.7
190.7
204.7
218.7
232.7
246.6
260.6
274.6
288.6
302.6
316.5
330.5
462.3
0.7177
0.7409
0.7599
0.7682
0.7781
0.7908
0.8034
0.8153
0.8168
0.8210
0.8310
0.8389
0.8432
0.8486
0.8554
0.8602
0.8639
0.8690
0.9192
8.2100
184.0
0.8160
Boiling
Point
(OR)
646.8
690.6
739.4
781.4
822.2
863.1
902.8
941.2
972.6
1029.8
1039.5
1072 .0
1104.7
1131.6
1161.9
1190.2
1217.4
1245.1
1488.0
Critical
Temp.
(OR)
971.6
1021.4
1073.2
1112.9
1152.1
1192.3
1231. 2
1268.3
1294.2
1321.5
1354.0
1383.6
1408.7
1434.4
1461.0
1484.9
1507.0
1530.2
1734.6
Methane
Press.
Acentric
(psia)
Factor
457.5
423.4
383.2
345.9
316.8
294.0
274.9
258.4
240.4
225.7
214.6
204.3
194.0
185.1
177 .4
170.0
162.9
156.8
91.4
0.2742
0.3056
0.3454
0.3861
0.4251
0.4622
0.4984
0.5342
0.5740
0.6127
0.6486
0.6855
0.7246
0.7634
0.8016
0.8416
0.8830
0.9241
1.0590
Interaction
Coefficient
3.2466
2,1410
1.1421
0.9749
0.7054
106.1
152.7
209.2
281.5
462.3
0.7385
0.7837
0.8205
0.8524
0.9192
8.2100
184.0
0.8160
688.3
835.0
984.4
1146.9
1276.1*
1016.5
1163.6
1304.5
1446.0
1584.2*
425.5
313.1
237.4
182.7
168.8*
0.3044
0.4348
0.5856
0.7832
0.8819*
0.03659***
0.04292***
0.04807***
0.05254***
0.18400**
to yield
( psia)
Material
Balance
Density
Alani-Kennedy
Density
(M.B. Liquid
Properties)
5514.7
0.670
(l.608
0.541
4314.7
0.680
0.649
0.554
0.596
3114.7
0.688
0.670
0.580
0.632
Pressure
PengRobinson
Density**
Alani -Kennedy
Density
(P~R
Liquid
Properties)
0.570
2114.7
0.700
0.682
0.608
0.664
1214.7
0.711
0.700
0.636
0.692
714.7
0.722
0.711
0.653
0.707
**
TABLE 5 -
SllIDLATED CONSTANT VOLUME DEPLETION DATA FOR THE NS-1 FLUID AT 280 of USING THE PENG-ROBINSON
EQUATION OF STATE
Compositions
Equilibrium
Vapor
Equilibrium
Liquid
Pressure - psia
1214.7
2114.7
714.7
Exp.
714.7
Calc.
714.7
2.583
0.321
77.772
8.711
3.989
0.778
1.567
0.638
0.659
0.877
2.105
0.590
0.020
12.420
3.360
2.920
0.910
2.090
1.400
1.600
3.680
71.010
0.595
0.029
11. 939
3.623
3.133
0 .. 967
2.314
1.509
1.770
4.223
69.897
100.000
100.000 100.000
100.600
100.000
121.2
116.4
213.0
209.1
Component
6764.7
5514.7
4314.7
3114.7
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
iso-Butane.
normal-Butane
iso-Pentane
normal-Pentane
Hexanes
Heptanes-P1us
2.370
0.310
73.190
7.800
3.550
0.710
1.450
0.640
0.680
1.090
8.210
2.403
0.323
75.549
7.779
3.474
0.686
1.390
0.604
0.639
0.996
6.157
2.447
0.336
77.644
7.793
3.405
0.660
1.326
0.564
0.592
0.889
4.343
2.497
0.344
79.135
7.880
3.383
0.644
1.281
0.530
0.550
0.789
2.969
2.541
0.343
79.712
8.057
3.444
0.647
1.282
0.516
0.532
0.727
2.198
Totals
100.000
100.000
100.000
100.000
184.0
161.0
142.7
129.1
C7 +
0.816
C7+
p
SL -
0.783
0.770
0.762
0.758
114.5
0.757
1.203
1.037
0.937
0.890
0.886
0.911
0.936
0.000
9.637
22.581
39.492
56.196
72 .413
81. 535
0.00
26.11
26.65
25.11
23.00
21.58
0.799
----
2.576
0.334
79.242
8.372
3.660
0.691
1.375
0.548
0.563
0.744
1.895
19.55
0.833
0.843
B
9
Vg
"-
VSTO
P ZT
"_~_c._
hc.p
VAPOR
Yj
PVT CELL
u..
0.030
NS-1
0
280 F
(/)
.......
"'.j..J
'I-
co"
OJ
---0----
0.025
---6-
PENG-ROBINSON Z-FACTORS
MEASURED Z-FACTORS
c:::
0
I-
e(
u..
0.020
uJ
::E
::J
...J
>
z
0.015
l-
e(
::E
c:::
0
u..
0.010
(/)
e(
I.!)
0.005
o. 000
1-.L...L......L....l.-I-.L...J-1.....l.-L....l-..I-l..-'---'-l-.l-I.....L......L-l-.l-L....L......L-L-J.....J-..I-l.......L-J-l-.l-J
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
PRESSURE, psia
Fig. 2 - Gas formation volume factor vs pressure for NS1 at 280 'F.
50000
In
l-
,........-,-,-,--.--r-r--r-r-,-,........-,-,-,--.--r-r--r-r-,-,r-r-...,..--r-r-T""""T-'-1'"""""T'"-,-,---r--t
-0-
(/)
.......
-6-
I.L.
U
(/)
PENG-ROBINSON RESULTS
MATERIAL BALANCE RESULTS
USING MEASURED DATA
..
~ 40000
a:::
..
l-
e:(
a:::
30000
...J
H
o
I
(/)
e:(
(,.!)
o
H
20000
I-
::>
...J
o(/)
a:::
10000
SEPARATOR
PRESSURE
(psia)
1014.7
264.7
14.7
CONDITIONS *
TEMPERATURE
(0 F)
155
80
60
5000
6000
7000
PRESSURE, psia
Fig. 3 - "Vapor" solution gas-oil ratio vs pressure for NS1 at 280 'F.
In
l-
2 0
.......
-J
..c
OJ
.
..
a:::
In
1.8
I-
U
c:(
I.L.
,........-,-,r-r-..,-,r-r-..,-,-,..,-,-,.,--,..-,..,..-,..,--r-,..,.,-o--T--r-T1""-o--T..."
~PENG-ROBINSON RESULTS
-6-MATERIAL BALANCE RESULTS
-o-MATERIAL BALANCE RESULTS
USING P-R LIQUID VOLUMES (SL)
(/)
1.6
::>
...J
o
>
SEPARATOR
PRESSURE
(psia)
1014.7
264.7
14.7
CONDITIONS*
TEMPERATURE
(0 F)
155
80
60
::;;:
1.4
a:::
o
I.L.
...J
H
1.2
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
PRESSURE, psia
Fig. 4-011 formation volume factor vs pressure for NS-1 at 280 of.
2000 rr-'--~--,-~-'--r-r-'--~-'--rr-,--,r-r--nr-r---,-;-r--,-;--r-,-,--r-r-r-,-,
(/)
--0-
.......
u..
-6-
U
(/)
-0-
a"
PENG-ROBINSON RESULTS
MATERIAL BALANCE RESULTS
MATERIAL BALANCE RESULTS
USING P-R LIQUID VOLUMES (SL)
NS-1
280 of
(f)
~
o" 1500
le:(
~
--l
SEPARATOR CONDITIONS*
PRESSURE TEMPERATURE
(psi a)
( oF)
1014.7
264.7
14.7
155
80
60
o
I
(/)
~ 1000
z
o
H
I-
::::>
--l
o(/)
e
::::>
500
C!J
H
--l
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
PRESSURE, psia
Fig. 5 - "Liquid" solution gas-oil ratio vs pressure for NS1 at 280 0 F.
-0-
-t:.-
e:(
::E
PENG-ROBINSON MATCH
MATERIAL BALANCE RESULTS
USING MEASURED DATA
220
--l
::::>
u
UJ
--l
~ 200
(/)
::::>
--l
e..
~
180
UJ
e:(
l-
e..
UJ
:c 160
140
120
* MEASURED
NS-1
(-6-)
280 0 F
7000
psia
Fig. 6 - Caloulated and measured vapor oomposltiQns vs pressure for NS1 at 280 0 F.
o
......
o
...
. . . - - _ ) - - - -....0 - -_ _--<
(/)
I-!
lI-!
(/)
0:E
>------< > - - - - _ 0
PENG-ROBINSON MATCH
MEASURED (ACTUALLY THE DATA HAVE BEEN
"SMOOTHED" AND ADJUSTED ACCORDING
TO CORE LABORATORIES PROCEDURE)
10
...J
-0-_-=.........:::8
C2 < > - - - - 0 - - - 0 - - - - - 0 - - _ - 0 -
<C
...J
:E
C3
0<C
C02 o-~---<:::;:;_.-<:::::...--e-----o---__<>------o
o
C7 +
n-C 4 ~-_ _....OJ___ __<O>------<O>-----O>-----O
>
N20---<>-----00----0>------0>------0>-
NS-1
280F
10 -1 L...J..-l-J...,....!.-I-.J......J.-l.....J.......J--'-...J......JL......l..-l-.l-l......l-J....J..-l-J...,....!.-I.-.J......J.-l.....J.......J--'--'--L......l.......L.....J
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
PRESSURE, psia
Fig. 7 - Calculated heptanesplus molecular masses vs pressure for NS1 at 280 of.
C\l
'r-
10 5 ~r-..-..-,---,---.-..,--r--r-r--.- r-r-"-'-'---'-'-7r-r--rr-r-r-r--;
Vl
Q.
...
~ 10
...
I-
INSERT
25o
10 3
0W
~ 10 2
=>
Vl
Vl
W
~
0I
10
IZ
<C
IVl
EXTRAPOLATION OF SLOPES
TO ZERO YIELDS
APPARENT CONVERGENCE
PRESSURE'" 7500 psia
:E
=>
H
~
CO
I-!
...J
H
=>
1 0'L-c-~~--'-'--'-~--'---'~~---"----'----'-~L....L~~-L-J
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
OJ
W
10-3
-4
-2
ro
10 5 r-r--r-r--,-..,-.-r-,-r--,--'--.-r-,-,--,--,--,....,-,-,--,--,--,....,-,-,--,-.,..--,
'r-
PRESSURE
(fj
Q.
,
I-
25
o
0::
a..
(psia)
10
UJ
0::
:::J
V)
V)
UJ
0::
0...
103
V)
C3
a..
o
IZ
UJ
....J
Iii -C 4
n- C4
Iii -C 5
c:(
lV)
V)
n-C5
~ 10
t-l
0::
CO
t-l
....J
t-l
:::J
C!J
UJ
C7+
10 1 L......J.---l..--'-:..L...-l-.J.---l..--'--'--l-.J.---l..--'-...L-l-.J.---l..--'-...L-l-.J.---l..--'--'--l-.J.---l..--'--l-l
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
ru
280 of
--- 340 of
'r(fj
Q.
Q.
1-'
10 4
__
~":<"';'ifr'
:::J
Cl
o
0::
a..
APPARENT
CONVERGENCE
PRESSURE
UJ
0::
:::J
V)
V)
10 3
7500 psia
UJ
0::
a..
I
IZ
c:(
10 2
lV)
:E
:::J
CO
10
t-l
....J
t-l
:::J
NS-1
C!J
UJ
280 of
1L......L.--'-.L.......L.--'-.L.......L.--'-.L.......L.....l-l-.L......l-l-.L......l-L-l.....J.....J-J-..J-J-J--'-'-'--'-'-'-..l-.J.--'-l
-2
-1
t-
4.0 r-----,--,----,--,-----,--r-----,--r-----,--,----,--,----,--,----,----..
r::s
!Z
log
Cl
Z
<C
3.0
UJ
C-
-l
en
u..
en
>
{f 2.0
EXTRAPOLATED
1.0
'"w
'">
z
NS-1
280 of 1340 of
0.00
2000
6000
PRESSURE,
8000
ps~a
- COSTANT CO POSITION
----CONSTANT VOLUME DEPLETION
NS-1
280 of
N2
C1
C0
..
C~
t-
Z
<C
t-
en
z
;-0,
10-1
~=~~;;~~~~;;.~~~~.~~.it
n-C6~
C7 -C 9
a::
co
C -C
-l
H
::::>
lO
10-2
13
ro
I .~
I .[ ~
5514.7"'; ~
:1; ~
~ ~
C!J
UJ
II
'":::>
'">'"
U)
U)
'"0.
c;';
2114.7
g:
z
uJ
o.
c-
3
W
uJ
'"
0.
0.
10- 5
C25 +
10-6
1214.7
PRESSURE
(ps i a) 714.7
'----:---'--'--'-.L.....J...-'--_ _---'_ _'---L......L.....L....l-.l-L..J
3x10
103
PRESSURE,
104
psi a
10
...
IZ
ex:
. C3
,-C 4
l(/)
n-C4
:E
:::J
H
'"
'"
D.
IJ)
H
oo
-l
C 1 0 - C 1 3 1 .[ ~
:::J
r:JJ
UJ
llJ
'":::>
U)
U)
UJ
'"
0-
UJ
U
UJ
'":::>
Z
UJ
U)
:z '"
'" z>
OJ
UJ
0-
f--
I
2114.7
'"~
f--
0-
25+~~~""""~1
UJ
'"
00-
PRESSURE I
(psia)714.7
1214.7
10 -5 L---L-l-....l...-.!-l.....l-I.-::-_ _..l.-_..l.---L.---l..-l-...l--I.....J...J
103
3 X 10 2
104
PRESSURE, psia
Fig. 13- Peng-Robinson K-values for NS-1 at 340 'F representing two
depletion processes.
>< 10 2 ~---,----r--,---.-TT..,----~--r----,----r--,---,--rT""'I
--..>..
CONSTANT COMPOSITION
CONSTANT VOLUME DEPLETION
II
NS-Z
241F
...
I-
ro
10
(f)
l-
Q.
(/)
C2
C3
i -C4 ---------
:E
:::J
H
n - C4 =::::::::::::::
IJ)
H
-==
:::::::==----:::::;;
1\
llJ
~
:::J
-l
(/)
(/)
:::J
o
o
o
llJ
10- 1
l:l..
llJ
U
Z
llJ
ClO
C11
C12
C13
C14
l!:l
~
llJ
>
Z
o
u
10 -4 L--'---'----.l..--L-LLL-_ _--'--_--'--_.L.-...L.-.L.....l---.l..-.L.
3x10
10 3
10 4
PRESSURE, psia