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(D) bent
15. According to the passage, how was food usually cooked in a pot in the
seventeenth century?
(A) By placing the pot directly into the fire
(B) By putting
the pot in the oven
(C) By filling the pot with hot water
(D) By hanging the pot on a pole
over the fire
16. The word "obtain" in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) maintain
(B) reinforce
(C) manufacture
(D) acquire
(C) The smoke it generated went out through the main chimney.
(D) It was heated with maple sticks.
20. According to the passage, which of the following was an advantage of a
"bake kettle"?
(A) It did not take up a lot of space in the fireplace.
(B) It did not need to be tightly closed.
(C) It could be used in addition to or instead of the oven.
(D) It could be used to cook several foods at one time.
(BCACD DCBAC)
Fungi, of which there are over 100,000 species, including yeasts and
other
single-celled organisms as well as the common molds and mushrooms,
were
formerly classified as members of the plant kingdom. However, in reality
they are
Line very different from plants and today they are placed in a separate group
altogether.
(5)
The principal reason for this is that none of them possesses chlorophyll,
and since
they cannot synthesize their own carbohydrates, they obtain their supplies
either
from the breakdown of dead organic matter or from other living organisms.
Furthermore the walls of fungal cells are not made of cellulose, as those of
plants
are, but of another complex sugarlike polymer called chitin, the material
from which
(10) the hard outer skeletons of shrimps, spiders, and insects are made. The
difference
between the chemical composition of the cell walls of fungi and those of
plants
is of enormous importance because it enables the tips of the growing
hyphae, the
threadlike cells of the fungus, to secrete enzymes that break down the walls
of plant
cells without having any effect on those of the fungus itself. It is these
cellulose
(15) destroying enzymes that enable fungi to attack anything made from wood,
wood
(A) true
(B) main
(C) logical
(D) obvious
(C) enzymes
(B) "polymer"
(D)
(D) walls
They
(D) diseased
20. The passage describes the negative effects of fungi on all the following
EXCEPT
(A) buildings
(B) animals
(C) food
(D) soil
21. The phrase "bring about" in line 22 is closest in meaning to
(A) cause
(B) join
(C) take
22. The passage mentions "penicillin" in line 26 as an example of
(A) a medicine derived from plants
(B) a beneficial use of fungi
(D) include
The Moon, which has undergone a distinct and complex geological history,
presents a
striking appearance. The moon may be divided into two major terrains: the
maria (dark
lowlands) and the terrace( bright highlands). The contrast in the reflectivity
(the capability
Line of reflecting light ) of these two terrains suggested to many early
observers that the two
(5)
terrains might have different compositions, and this supposition was
confirmed by
missions to the Moon such as Surveyor and Apollo. One of the most
obvious differences
between the terrains is the smoothness of the maria in contrast to the
roughness of the
highlands. This roughness is mostly caused by the abundance of craters;
the highlands are
completely covered by large craters( greater than 40-50 km in diameter),
while the craters
(10) of the maria tend to be much smaller. It is now known that the vast
majority of the Moons
craters were formed by the impact of solid bodies with the lunar surface.
Most of the near side of the Moon was thoroughly mapped and
studied from telescopic
pictures years before the age of space exploration. Earth-based telescopes
can resolve
objects as small as a few hundred meters on the lunar surface. Close
observation of
(15) craters, combined with the way the Moon diffusely reflects sunlight, led
to the
understanding that the Moon is covered by a surface layer, or regolith, that
overlies the
solid rock of the Moon. Telescopic images permitted the cataloging of a
bewildering array
of land forms. Craters were studied for clues to their origin; the large
circular maria were
(20) seen. Strange, sinuous features were observed in the maria. Although
various land forms
were catalogued, the majority of astronomers attention was fixed on
craters and their
origins.
Astronomers have known for a fairly long time that the shape of
craters changes as
they increase in size. Small craters with diameters of less than 10-15 km
have relatively
(25) simple shapes. They have rim crests that are elevated above the
surrounding terrain,
smooth, bowl-shaped interiors, and depths that are about one-fifth to onesixth their diameters.
The complexity of shape increases for larger craters.
41. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) What astronomers learned from the Surveyor and Apollo space
missions
(B) Characteristics of the major terrains of the Moon
(C) The origin of the Moons craters
(D) Techniques used to catalogue the Moons land forms
42. The word undergone in line1 is closest in meaning to
(A) altered
(B) substituted
(C) experienced
(D) preserved
43. According to the passage, the maria differ from the terrace mainly in terms
of
(A) age
(B) manner of creation
(C) size
(D) composition
44. The passage supports which of the following statements about the Surveyor
and Apollo missions?
(A) They confirmed earlier theories about the Moons surface.
(B) They revealed that previous ideas about the Moons craters were
incorrect.
(C) They were unable to provide detailed information about the Moons
surface.
(D) They were unable to identify how the Moons craters were made.
(D) great
(BCDAD CCCDC)
B. Depth
D. Surface
4.As depth increases
A. pressure increases but temperature does not
B. temperature increases but pressure does not
C. both pressure and temperature increase
D. neither pressure nor temperature increases
5.Why does the author mention New Zealand and Iceland
in paragraph 4?
A. To compare areas of high volcanic activity
B. To describe the Yellowstone National Park
C. To provide examples of areas where geysers
are located
D. To name the two regions where all geysers are found
6. Hoe often does Old Faithful erupt?
A. Every 10 minutes
B. Every 60 minutes
C. Every 125 minutes
D. Every 170 minutes
7. The word expelling in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. Heating
B. Discharging
C. supplying
D. Wasting
8. What does the author mean by the statement :
Old Faithful earned its name because, unlike most geysers,
it has never failed to erupt on schedule even once in eighty
years of observation?
A. Old faithful always erupts on schedule
B. Old Faithful is usually predictable
C. Old Faithful erupts predictably like other geysers
D. Old Faithful received its name because it
has been observed for many years
9. According to the passage, what is required for a geyser to function?
A. A source of heat, a place for water to collect, an opening,
and underground channels
B. An active volcano nearby and a water reservoir
C. Channels in the Earth and heavy rainfall
D. Volcanic activity, underground channels, and steam