There are five cases in Romanian: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, and vocative.

In form the
nominative and the accusative are identical, and so are the genitive and the dative. Functionally, they differ:
the nominative is primarily used to express the subject, while the accusative is the case of the direct object.
The dative is the case of the indirect object, while the genitive is mainly the case of possession. The vocative is
the case of direct address. Examples:
nominative: Biatul este aici. The boy is here.
accusative: Vd biatul. I can see the boy.
genitive: Cartea biatului este aici. The boy's book is here.
dative: i dau cartea biatului! I give the book to the boy!
vocative: Biete, vino ncoace! Boy, come here!
Pronumele
Nominative: Eu, Tu, El, Ea, Noi, Voi, Ei, Ele
English: I, You, He, She, We, You (formal/plural), They (masc), They (fem)
Nominative is the main subject of the sentence basically.. Eu merg la magazin - I am going to the store.
Accusative: Mine, Tine, El, Ea, Noi, Voi, Ei, Ele
Unstressed forms: M, te, l, o, ne, v, i, le
English: Me, You, Him, Her, Us, You (formal/plural, Them (masc), Them (fem)
Accusative basically describes the object that you're doing the verb to. e.g: Eu te vd. - I see you
le vd la fereastr - I see them by the window.
The unstressed forms precedes the verb. In imperative form of verbs, it comes after in a contraction
"ateapt-m!" - Wait for me!
The full stressed forms (mine, tine, etc) are always used after a preposition (pe - on, n - in, pentru - for, la at/to, lng - next to, cu - with, fr - without, aproape - near, departe - far).
Mergi fr mine?? - Are you going without me??
trebuie s vorbesc cu tine - I need to speak with you
Just an extra note.. There isn't a definite article word after a preposition, unless you use the instrumental
(what you use to do whatever)
"Plec cu trenul" - I'm leaving by train
"Mnnc cu lingura" - I'm eating with the spoon.
Now the dative is the confusing one.. It's also called the indirect object. It has to do with giving someone
something. Give, tell, explain, bring, offer, and send are examples of verbs that are used in the dative.
Dative: Mie, ie, Lui, Ei, Nou, Vou, Lor
Unstressed: 2000mi, 2000i, 2000i, Ne, V, Le
English: To/for me, To/for you, To/for him, To/for her, To/for us, To/for you (formal/plural), To/for them
(masc/fem)
You notice the unstressed dative for him/her is the same. You'll get used to it.
The object you're giving, bringing, sending, etc. is the direct object since you're performing the action on that
certain thing. In bold will be the accusative, italics will be the dative.
mi aduce Mariana cartea - Mariana is bringing me the book
i trimit o scrisoar - I'm sending you a letter.
The stressed forms are used independently or for more emphasis.
mi aduce Mariana cartea.
ie? mi aduce Mariana cartea mie, nu ie!
Mariana is bringing me the book.
To you? Mariana is bringing the book to me, not you!