Cisco Router 3700series

With on-board LAN/WAN connectivity, new high-density service modules, and
support for multiple advanced integration modules, the Cisco 3700 Series
Multiservice Access Router delivers new levels of service density for branch
offices in a compact form factor.
When configured with the 16- or 36-port EtherSwitch network module, the Cisco
3700 Series offers a single, integrated platform that combines flexible routing
and low-density switching. In addition, it can support internal inline power for the
EtherSwitch ports, delivering a single-platform IP telephony and voice gateway
solution that facilitates flexible, incremental, and scalable migration to a
converged network. These single-platform solutions help lower total cost of
ownership by simplifying training, deployment, and management, and modular
expansion options help protect current network investment.
As a cornerstone of Cisco AVVID (Architecture for Voice, Video and Integrated
Data), the Cisco 3700 Series supports rich Cisco IOS Software features such as
availability, quality of service, and security to address the resiliency needs of the
branch office. The Cisco 3700 Series combines these features with flexible
application and services consolidation to offer branch offices a platform
optimized for integrating future services.
Key features for the Cisco 3725 and 3745:
Two Integrated 10/100 LAN ports

Two Integrated Advanced Integration Modules (AIM) slots
Three Integrated WAN Interface Card (WIC) slots
Two (Cisco 3725) or four (Cisco 3745) Network Module (NM) slots
One (Cisco 3725) or two (Cisco 3745) High Density Service Module
(HDSM)-capable slots
32MB Compact Flash (default); 128MB maximum
128MB DRAM (default, single 128MB DIMM); 256MB DRAM maximum
Optional In-Line Power for 16-port EtherSwitch NM and 36-port
EtherSwitch HDSM
Support for all major WAN protocols and media: LL, FR, ISDN, X.25, ATM,
fractional T1/E1, T1/E1, xDSL, T3/E3, HSSI
Support for selected NMs, WICs and AIMs from the Cisco 1700, 2600 and
3600 Series 2 RU (Cisco 3725) or 3 RU (Cisco 3745) Rack-mountable
chassis
Key features for the Cisco 3725 and 3745:
Two Integrated 10/100 LAN ports

Two Integrated Advanced Integration Modules (AIM) slots
Three Integrated WAN Interface Card (WIC) slots
Two (Cisco 3725) or four (Cisco 3745) Network Module (NM) slots
One (Cisco 3725) or two (Cisco 3745) High Density Service Module
(HDSM)-capable slots
32MB Compact Flash (default); 128MB maximum
128MB DRAM (default, single 128MB DIMM); 256MB DRAM maximum
Optional In-Line Power for 16-port EtherSwitch NM and 36-port
EtherSwitch HDSM
Support for all major WAN protocols and media: LL, FR, ISDN, X.25, ATM,
fractional T1/E1, T1/E1, xDSL, T3/E3, HSSI
Support for selected NMs, WICs and AIMs from the Cisco 1700, 2600 and
3600 Series 2 RU (Cisco 3725) or 3 RU (Cisco 3745) Rack-mountable
chassis
Cisco Router Configuration Tutorial

Josh Gentry, jgentry@swcp.com
v.99, 6 September, 1999
This document covers basic Cisco router IP configuration using the command-line
interface
Acknowledgments
The following sources where extremely useful:
Leinwand, Pinsky, and Culpepper. Cisco Router Configuration. Indianapolis,

Indiana: Cisco Press, 1998.
Cisco Systems, Inc., http://www.cisco.com
Thank you to Martin Newman for giving me my first lesson in configuring Cisco
routers.
The information for this document was originally gathered for, or derived from,
completing a project for Mr. James Hart, instructor at the Technical/Vocational
Institute in Albuquerque, NM. A big thank you to him for allowing me to work on
that project.
Disclaimer
This document carries no explicit or implied warranty. Nor is there any guarantee
that the information contained in this document is accurate. It is offered in the
hopes of helping others, but you use it at your own risk. Neither the author nor
TVI will be liable for any damages that occur as a result of using this document.
Conventions
Important terms and concepts, when they are introduced, may be displayed in
bold. Commands included in the body of the text will be displayed in this font.
All names and addresses used in examples are just that, examples, and should
not be used on your network. Do not type them in verbatim when configuring
your system. Finally, in some examples where the command rquires an IP
address as an argument, the IP address may be represented in this way,
xx.xx.xx.xx, or aa.bb.cc.dd. You will never actually use these strings when
configuring your system. They are mearly a convention of this document to
specify that you should substitute the appropriate IP address at that point.
1. What this document covers

There are several methods available for configuring Cisco routers. It can be done
over the network from a TFTP server. It can be done through the menu interface
provided at bootup, and it can be done from the menu interface provided by
using the command setup. It can also be done from a configuration saved to
memory. This tutorial does not cover these methods. It covers configuration from
the IOS command-line interface only.
Note that this tutorial does not cover physically connecting the router to the
networks it will be routing for. It covers operating system configuration only.
1.1 Reasons for using the command-line

There are two main reasons for using the command-line interface instead of a
menu driven interface. One is speed. Once you have invested the time to learn
the command-line commands, you can perform many operations much more
quickly than by using a menu. This is basically true of all command-line vs. menu
interfaces. What makes it especially efficient to learn the command-line interface
of the Cisco IOS is that it is standard across all Cisco routers.
Secondly, there is the ability to configure individual interfaces without interrupting
service on other interfaces. By definition, routers have multiple interfaces.
Routers such as those in the Cisco 7200 series have several hot-swapable
modules of multiple ports each. It is a valuable skill to be able to configure these
individually from the command-line.
1.2 Document structure

The first part of this document will introduce the command modes of the IOS, and
the commands necessary to do a basic configuration of a Cisco router. The
second part of the document will demonstrate the use of these commands in a
case study. The case study is an actual configuration completed by the author of
this document.
2. Getting started
Initially you will probably configure your router from a terminal. If the router is
already configured and at least one port is configured with an IP address, and it
has a physical connection to the network, you might be able to telnet to the
router and configure it across the network. If it is not already configured, then you
will have to directly connect to it with a terminal and a serial cable. With any
Windows box you can use Hyperterminal to easily connect to the router. Plug a
serial cable into a serial (COM) port on the PC and the other end into the console
port on the Cisco router. Start Hyperterminal, tell it which COM port to use and
click OK. Set the speed of the connection to 9600 baud and click OK. If the router is
not on, turn it on.
If you wish to configure the router from a Linux box, either Seyon or Minicom
should work. At least one of them, and maybe both, will come with your Linux
distribution.
Often you will need to hit the Enter key to see the prompt from the router. If it is
unconfigured it will look like this:
Router>
If it has been previously configured with a hostname, it will look like this:
hostname of router>
If you have just turned on the router, after it boots it will ask you if you wish to
begin initial configuration. Say no. If you say yes, it will put you in the menu
interface. Say no.
2.1 Modes
The Cisco IOS command-line interface is organized around the idea of modes.
You move in and out of several different modes while configuring a router, and
which mode you are in determines what commands you can use. Each mode has
a set of commands available in that mode, and some of these commands are
only available in that mode. In any mode, typing a question mark will display a list
of the commands available in that mode.
Router>?
2.2 Unprivileged and privileged modes

When you first connect to the router and provide the password (if necessary),
you enter EXEC mode, the first mode in which you can issue commands from the
command-line. From here you can use such unprivileged commands as ping,
telnet, and rlogin. You can also use some of the show commands to obtain
information about the system. In unprivileged mode you use commands like, show
version to display the version of the IOS the router is running. Typing show ? will
diplay all the show commands available in the mode you are presently in.
Router>show ?
You must enter privileged mode to configure the router. You do this by using the
command enable. Privileged mode will usually be password protected unless the
router is unconfigured. You have the option of not password protecting privileged
mode, but it is HIGHLY recommended that you do. When you issue the
command enable and provide the password, you will enter privileged mode.
To help the user keep track of what mode they are in, the command-line prompt
changes each time you enter a different mode. When you switch from
unprivileged mode to privileged mode, the prompt changes from:
Router>
to
Router#
This would probably not be a big deal if there were just two modes. There are, in
fact, numerous modes, and this feature is probably indispensable. Pay close
attention to the prompt at all times.
Within privileged mode there are many sub-modes. In this document I do not
closely follow Cisco terminology for this hierarchy of modes. I think that my
explanation is clearer, frankly. Cisco describes two modes, unprivileged and
privileged, and then a hierarchy of commands used in privileged mode. I reason
that it is much clearer to understand if you just consider there to be many submodes of privileged mode, which I will also call parent mode. Once you enter
privileged mode (parent mode) the prompt ends with a pound sign (#). There are
numerous modes you can enter only after entering privileged mode. Each of
these modes has a prompt of the form:
Router(arguments)#
They still all end with the pound sign. They are subsumed within privileged mode.
Many of these modes have sub-modes of their own. Once you enter priliged
mode, you have access to all the configuration information and options the IOS
provides, either directly from the parent mode, or from one of its submodes.
3. Configuring
If you have just turned on the router, it will be completely unconfigured. If it is

already configured, you may want to view its current configuration. Even if it has
not been previously configured, you should familiarize yourself with the show
commands before beginning to configure the router. Enter privileged mode by
issuing the command enable, then issue several show commands to see what
they display. Remember, the command show ? will display all the showcommands
aavailable in the current mode. Definately try out the following commands:
Router#show
Router#show
Router#show
Router#show
interfaces
ip protocols
ip route
ip arp
When you enter privileged mode by using the command enable, you are in the
top-level mode of privileged mode, also known in this document as "parent
mode." It is in this top-level or parent mode that you can display most of the
information about the router. As you now know, you do this with the show
commands. Here you can learn the configuration of interfaces and whether they
are up or down. You can display what IP protocols are in use, such as dynamic
routing protocols. You can view the route and ARP tables, and these are just a
few of the more important options.
As you configure the router, you will enter various sub-modes to set options, then
return to the parent mode to display the results of your commands. You also
return to the parent mode to enter other sub-modes. To return to the parent
mode, you hit ctrl-z. This puts any commands you have just issued into affect,
and returns you to parent mode.
3.1 Global configuration (config)

To configure any feature of the router, you must enter configuration mode. This is
the first sub-mode of the parent mode. In the parent mode, you issue the
command config.
Router#config
Router(config)#
As demonstrated above, the prompt changes to indicate the mode that you are
now in.
In connfiguration mode you can set options that apply system-wide, also refered
to as "global configurations." For instance, it is a good idea to name your router
so that you can easily identify it. You do this in configuration mode with the
hostname command.
Router(config)#hostname ExampleName
ExampleName(config)#
As demonstrated above, when you set the name of the host with the hostname
command, the prompt immediately changes by replacing Router with
ExampleName.
(Note: It is a good idea to name your routers with an organized

naming scheme.)
Another useful command issued from config mode is the command to designate
the DNS server to be used by the router:
ExampleName(config)#ip name-server aa.bb.cc.dd
ExampleName(config)#ctrl-Z
ExampleName#
This is also where you set the password for privileged mode.
ExampleName(config)#enable secret examplepassword
ExampleName#
Until you hit ctrl-Z (or type exit until you reach parent mode)
your command
has not been put into affect. You can enter config mode, issue several different
commands, then hit ctrl-Z to activate them all. Each time you hit ctrl-Z you
return to parent mode and the prompt:
ExampleName#
Here you use show commands to verify the results of the commands you issued
in config mode. To verify the results of the ip name-server command, issue the
command show host.
3.2 Configuring interfaces

Cisco interface naming is straightforward. Individual interfaces are referred to by
this convention:
media type slot#/port#
"Media type" refers to the type of media that the port is an interface for, such as
Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, serial, etc. Slot numbers are only applicable for
routers that provide slots into which you can install modules. These modules
contain several ports for a given media. The 7200 series is an example These
modules are even hot-swapable. You can remove a module from a slot and
replace it with a different module, without interrupting service provided by the
other modules installed in the router. These slots are numbered on the router.
Port number refers to the port in reference to the other ports in that module.
Numbering is left-to-right, and all numbering starts at 0, not at one.
For example, a Cisco 7206 is a 7200 series router with six slots. To refer to an
interface that is the third port of an Ethernet module installed in the sixth slot, it
would be interface ethernet 6/2. Therefor, to display the configuration of that
interface you use the command:
ExampleName#show interface ethernet 6/2
If your router does not have slots, like a 1600, then the interface name consists
only of:
media type port#
For example:
ExampleName#show interface serial 0
Here is an example of configuring a serial port with an IP address:

ExampleName#config
ExampleName(config)#interface serial 1/1
ExampleName(config-if)#ip address 192.168.155.2 255.255.255.0
ExampleName(config-if)#no shutdown
ExampleName(config-if)#ctrl-Z
ExampleName#
Then to verify configuration:

ExampleName#show interface serial 1/1
Note the no shutdown command. An interface
may be correctly configured and

physically connected, yet be "administratively down." In this state it will not
function. The command for causing an interface to be administratively down is
shutdown.
ExampleName(config)#interface serial 1/1
ExampleName(config-if)#shutdown
ExampleName(config-if)#ctrl-Z
In the Cisco IOS, the way to reverse or delete the results of any command is to
simply put no infront of it. For instance, if we wanted to unassign the IP address
we had assigned to interface serial 1/1:
ExampleName(config)#interface serail 1/1
ExampleName(config-if)#no ip address 192.168.155.2 255.255.255.0
ExampleName(config-if)ctrl-Z
Configuring most interfaces for LAN connections might consist only of assigning
a network layer address and making sure the interface is not administratively
shutdown. It is usually not necessary to stipulate data-link layer encapsulation.
Note that it is often necessary to stipulate the appropriate data-link layer
encapsulation for WAN connections, such as frame-relay and ATM. Serial
interfaces default to using HDLC. A discussion of data-link protocols is outside
the scope of this document. You will need to look up the IOS command
encapsulation for more details.
3.3 Routing
IP routing is automatically enabled on Cisco routers. If it has been previously
disabled on your router, you turn it back on in config mode with the command ip
routing.
ExampleName(config)#ip routing
There are two main ways a router knows where to send packets. The
administrator can assign static routes, or the router can learn routes by
employing a dynamic routing protocol.
These days static routes are generally used in very simple networks or in
particular cases that necessitate their use. To create a static route, the
administrator tells the router operating system that any network traffic destined
for a specified network layer address should be forwarded to a similiarly specified
network layer address. In the Cisco IOS this is done with the ip route command.
ExampleName#config
ExampleName(config)#ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.150.1
ExampleName#show ip route
Two things to be said about this example. First, the packet destination address
must include the subnet mask for that destination network. Second, the address
it is to be forwarded to is the specified addres of the next router along the path to
the destination. This is the most common way of setting up a static route, and the
only one this document covers. Be aware, however, that there are other
methods.
Dynamic routing protocols, running on connected routers, enable those routers to
share routing information. This enables routers to learn the routes available to
them. The advantage of this method is that routers are able to adjust to changes
in network topologies. If a route is physically removed, or a neighbor router goes
down, the routing protocol searches for a new route. Routing protocols can even
dynamically choose between possible routes based on variables such as network
congestion or network reliability.
There are many different routing protocols, and they all use different variables,
known as "metrics," to decide upon appropriate routes. Unfortunately, a router
needs to be running the same routing protocols as its neighbors. Many routers
can, however, run mutliple protocols. Also, many protocols are designed to be
able to pass routing information to other routing protocols. This is called
"redistribution." The author has no experience with trying to make redistribution
work. There is an IOS redistribute command you can research if you think this
is something you need. This document's compagnion case study describes an
alternative method to deal with different routing protocols in some circumstances.
Routing protocols are a complex topic and this document contains only this
superficial description of them. There is much to learn about them, and there are
many sources of information about them available. An excelent source of
information on this topic is Cisco's website, http://www.cisco.com.
This document describes how to configure the Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
on Cisco routers. From the command-line, we must explicitly tell the router which
protocol to use, and what networks the protocol will route for.
ExampleName#config
ExampleName(config)#router rip
ExampleName(config-router)#network aa.bb.cc.dd
ExampleName(config-router)#network ee.ff.gg.hh
ExampleName(config-router)#ctrl-Z
ExampleName#show ip protocols
Now when you issue the show ip protocols command,
you should see an entry
describing RIP configuration.
3.4 Saving your configuration

Once you have configured routing on the router, and you have configured
individual interfaces, your router should be capable of routing traffic. Give it a few
moments to talk to its neighbors, then issue the commands show ip route and
show ip arp. There should now be entries in these tables learned from the
routing protocol.
If you turned the router off right now, and turned it on again, you would have to
start configuration over again. Your running configuration is not saved to any
permanent storage media. You can see this configuration with the command show
running-config.
ExampleName#show running-config
You do want to save your successful running configuration. Issue the command
copy running-config startup-config.
ExampleName#copy running-config startup-config
Your configuration is now saved to non-volatile RAM (NVRAM). Issue the

command show startup-config.
ExampleName#show startup-config
Now any time you need to return your router to that configuration, issue the
command copy startup-config running-config.
ExampleName#copy startup-config running-config
3.5 Example configuration

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Router>enable
Router#config
Router(config)#hostname N115-7206
N115-7206(config)#interface serial 1/1
N115-7206(config-if)ip address 192.168.155.2 255.255.255.0
N115-7206(config-if)no shutdown
7. N115-7206(config-if)ctrl-z
8. N115-7206#show interface serial 1/1
9. N115-7206#config
10. N115-7206(config)#interface ethernet 2/3
11. N115-7206(config-if)#ip address 192.168.150.90 255.255.255.0
12. N115-7206(config-if)#no shutdown
13. N115-7206(config-if)#ctrl-z
14. N115-7206#show interface ethernet 2/3
15. N115-7206#config
16. N115-7206(config)#router rip
17. N115-7206(config-router)#network 192.168.155.0
18. N115-7206(config-router)#network 192.168.150.0
19. N115-7206(config-router)#ctrl-z
20. N115-7206#show ip protocols
21. N115-7206#ping 192.168.150.1
22. N115-7206#config
23. N115-7206(config)#ip name-server 172.16.0.10
24. N115-7206(config)#ctrl-z
25. N115-7206#ping archie.au
26. N115-7206#config
27. N115-7206(config)#enable secret password
28. N115-7206(config)#ctrl-z
29. N115-7206#copy running-config startup-config
30. N115-7206#exit
4. Troubleshooting
Inevitably, there will be problems. Usually, it will come in the form of a user
notifying you that they can not reach a certain destination, or any destinattion at
all. You will need to be able to check how the router is attempting to route traffic,
and you must be able to track down the point of failure.
You are already familiar with the show commands, both specific commands and
how to learn what other show commands are available. Some of the most basic,
most useful commands you will use for troubleshooting are:
ExampleName#show
ExampleName#show
ExampleName#show
ExampleName#show
interfaces
ip protocols
ip route
ip arp
4.1 Testing connectivity

It is very possible that the point of failure is not in your router configuration, or at
your router at all. If you examine your router's configuration and operation and
everything looks good, the problem might be be farther up the line. In fact, it may
be the line itself, or it could be another router, which may or may not be under
your administration.
One extremely useful and simple diagnostic tool is the ping command. Ping is an
implementation of the IP Message Control Protocol (ICMP). Ping sends an ICMP
echo request to a destination IP address. If the destination machine receives the
request, it responds with an ICMP echo response. This is a very simple
exchange that consists of:
Hello, are you alive?
Yes, I am.
ExampleName#ping xx.xx.xx.xx
If the ping test is successful, you know that the destination you are having
difficulty reaching is alive and physically reachable.
If there are routers between your router and the destination you are having
difficulty reaching, the problem might be at one of the other routers. Even if you
ping a router and it responds, it might have other interfaces that are down, its
routing table may be corrupted, or any number of other problems may exist.
To see where packets that leave your router for a particular destination go, and
how far, use the trace command.
ExampleName#trace xx.xx.xx.xx
It may take a few minutes for this utility to finish, so give it some time. It will
display a list of all the hops it makes on the way to the destination.
4.2 debug commands

There are several debug commands provided by the IOS. These commands are
not covered here. Refer to the Cisco website for more information.
4.3 Hardware and physical connections

Do not overlook the possibility that the point of failure is a hardware or physical
connection failure. Any number of things can go wrong, from board failures to cut
cables to power failures. This document will not describew troubleshooting these
problems, except for these simple things.
Check to see that the router is turned on. Also make sure that no cables are
loose or damaged. Finally, make sure cables are plugged into the correct ports.
Beyond this simple advice you will need to check other sources.
4.4 Out of your control
If the point of failure is farther up the line, the prolem might lie with equipment not
under your administration. Your only option might be to contact the equipment's
administrator, notify them of your problem, and ask them for help. It is in your
interest to be courtious and respectful. The other administrator has their own
problems, their own workload and their own priorities. Their agenda might even
directly conflict with yours, such as their intention to change dynamic routing
protocols, etc. You must work with them, even if the situation is frustrating.
Alienating someone with the power to block important routes to your network is
not a good idea.
5. Case study (Under Construction)

6. References
Leinwand, Pinsky and Culpepper Cisco Router Configuration. Indianapolis,

Indiana: Cisco Press, 1998.
Cisco Systems, Inc., http://www.cisco.com
7. More documentation
For more information on Cisco products, and many documents on networking in
general: http://www.cisco.com
For more documentation by the author of this document:
http://www.swcp.com/~jgentry
Authored by Josh Gentry

Top
IP Subnet Calculations
1. IP Addressing
At this point you should know that IP, the Internet Protocol, is a network layer
(OSI layer 3) protocol, used to route packets between hosts on different
networks. To suit this purpose, IP must define an addressing scheme, so that a

packet's intended destination can be indicated.
An IP address is composed of 32 bits. These 32 bits are divided into 4 octets of 8
bits each. You may have seen an IP address represented like this: 172.68.15.24.
We must remember, however, that the computer understands this number only in
binary, so we must often deal with them in binary. Many people are intimidated by
this initially, but soon find that it is not difficult. If you do not allow yourself to be
flustered, you can master this topic.
IP addresses are assigned to orginazations in blocks. Each block belongs to one
of three classes: class A, class B, or class C. You can tell what class an IP
address is by the value in its first octet.
Class A 1-126
Class B 128-191
Class C 192 -->
An IP address consists of two fields. The first field identifies the network, and the
second field identifies the node on the network. Which bits of the address are in
the network field and which bits are in the host field is determined by the subnet
mask.
When a class A IP license is granted, you are assigned something like this:
99.0.0.0. Only the value of the bits in the first octet are assigned. This means you
are free to assign any values you wish in the second, third and fourth octets.
The defualt subnet mask for a class A network is 255.0.0.0. High bits, ones,
indicate the bits that are part of the network field of the IP address. The default
subnet mask does not create subnets. Therefor, a class A network with the
default subnet mask is one network. The three octets that are unassigned and
unmasked are part of the host field of the address. There is a total of 24 bits in
those three octets. Each bit can be in one of two states. Therefor, 2^24 is the
number of host addresses that can be assigned on that network, almost. Two
addresses are reserved on every network, x.x.x.0 and x.x.x.255. So the total
number of hosts possible on this network is 2^24. 2^24-2=16,777,214 hosts for a
class A IP network.
When a class B license is granted, the first two octets are assigned. For
example, 172.198.x.x. The default subnet mask for a class B is 255.255.0.0. One
network, two octets free, 16 bits for the host address field. 2^16-2=65,534
possible host addresses on a class B IP network.
When a class C license is granted, the first three octets are assigned, for
example: 193.52.16.0. The default subnet mask for a class C is 255.255.255.0.
Once octet makes up the host address field. 2^8-2=254 host addresses possible
on a class C network.
2. Reason for Subnetting

We said that the default subnet mask for a class A IP network is 255.0.0.0. Once
octet only of a class A network address identifies the network, with this subnet
mask. This leaves three octets of 8 bits each, or 24 bits, to identify the host on
that one network. 2^24=16,777,216 addresses. Two addresses are reserved,
x.x.x.0 and x.x.x.255. 16,777,214 nodes can be assigned an IP address on this
network.
It is highly unlikely that any organization would want one network of 16,777,214
nodes. They might want that many devices connected in a wide area network
(WAN), thus capablee of communicating when neccessary, but they will want to
subdivide this huge network into mostly self-contained subnetworks of nodes that
communicate with each other often. This is called subnetting.
To understand why, consider what would happen in either a broadcast or a token
passing network that consisted of over 16,000,000 nodes. Nothing would
happen. It simply would not work. Though the problem is not as drastic, class B
and class C IP networks are often subnetted, also.
The subnet mask is used to subdivide an IP network into subnets. This is a
division that takes place in OSI layer 3, so it is a logical division that is created
by the addressing scheme. This logical division is usually combined with a
physical division. Many subnets are physically isolated from the rest of the
network by a device such as a router or a switch. This aspect of subnetting is
discussed in Unit 3--Data Link Layer.
3. How Subnetting Works

The bits of an address that are masked by the subnet mask are the bits that
make up the network field of the address. To subnet, the default subnet mask for
a network is extended to cover bits of the address that would otherwise be part of
the host field. Once these bits are masked, they become part of the network field,
and are used to identify subnets of the larger network.
Here is where we begin dealing with both addresses and subnetmasks in binary.
Get yourself a cold beverage, stretch, take a deep breath and don't worry. Once
you get your brain around the concepts, it is not difficult. You just have to keep
trying until the light goes on.
3.1 Translating Binary to Decimal
Both IP addresses and subnet masks are composed of 32 bits divided into 4
octets of 8 bits each. Here is how a single octet translates from binary to decimal.
Consider an octet of all ones: 11111111.
128
64
32
16
-----1
1
1
1
128 + 64 + 32 + 16 +
8
1
8 +
4
1
4 +
2
1
2 +
1
1
1 = 255
Here's another: 10111001

128
64
32
----1
0
1
128 + 0 + 32
16
-1
+16 +
8
1
8 +
4
0
0 +
2
0
0 +
1
1
1 = 185
128
64
32
16
-----0
0
0
0
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 +
8
0
0 +
4
0
0 +
2
0
0 +
1
0
0 = 0
and 00000000
3.2 Converting Decimal to Binary

Converting decimal to binary is similar. Consider 175:
128
64
32
16
-----1
0
1
0
128 + 0 + 32 + 0 +
8
1
8 +
4
1
4 +
2
1
2 +
1
1
1 = 175
175=10101111
3.3 Simple Subnetting
The simpliest way to subnet is to take the octet in the subnet mask that covers
the first unassigned octet in the IP address block, and make all its bits high.
Remember, a high bit, a 1, in the subnet mask indicates that that corresponding
bit in the IP address is part of the network field. So, if you have a class B network
172.160.0.0, with the subnet mask 255.255.0.0, you have one network with 65,
534 possible addresses. If you take that subnet mask and make all the bits in the
third octet high
128
64
32
16
-----1
1
1
1
128 + 64 + 32 + 16 +
8
1
8 +
4
1
4 +
2
1
2 +
1
1
1 = 255
you get the subnet mask 255.255.255.0.

172.60. 0. 0
255.255.255.0
Now the third octet of all the addresses on this network are part of the network
field instead of the host field. That is one octet, or eight bits, that can be
manipulated to create subnets. 2^8-2=254 possible subnets now on this class B
network.
One octet is left for the host field. 2^8-2=254 possible host addressed on each
subnet.
3.4 Advanced Subnetting
That is the simplist way to subnet, but it may not be the most desirable. You
might not want 254 subnets on your class B network. Instead, you might use a
subnet mask like 255.255.224.0. How many subnets would this give you? The
first step is to see how many bits are allocated to the network by this mask.
128
64
32
16
-----1
1
1
0
128 + 64 + 32 + 0 +
8
0
0 +
4
0
0 +
2
0
0 +
1
0
0 = 224
3 bits are allocated. 2^3-2=6 subnets.

How many hosts on each subnet? Well, 5 bits from this octet are left for the host
field, and 8 bits in the fourth octet, for a total of 13 bits in the host field. 2^132=8190 possible hosts on each subnet.
The subnet mask is always extended by masking off the next bit in the address,
from left to right. Thus, the last octet in the subnet mask will always be one of
these: 128, 192, 224, 240, 248, 252, 254 or 255.
Given the IP address of a host and the subnet address for the network, you need
to be able to calculate which subnet that host is on. To do this we compare the
binary representation of the pertinent octet of the subnet mask witht he binary
representation of the corresponding octet in the IP address. Example:
IP address=172.60.50.2
subnet mask=255.255.224.0
50= 00110010
224=11100000
We perform a logical on these two numbers. We will be left with only the bits
where there is a one in both octets.
00110010
11100000
-------00100000=32
This host is on subnet 172.60.32.0.

We also need to be able to find the range of assignable IP addresses on this
subnet. To do this, we take the binary that tells us the subnet address, in this
case 00100000, and compare it with the subnet mask.
00100000
11100000
The bits convered by the mask we will leave as they are. The rest of the bits we
make high. So
00100000
11100000
-------0011111=63
The range of assignable IP addresses on the subnet 172.60.32.0 is 172.60.32.1172.60.63.254.

On every network and subnet, two addresses are reserved. At the low end of the
range of addresses for the network or subnet, in this case 172.60.64.0, is the
address for the network or subnet itself. The address at the high end of the range
of addresses, in this case 172.60.95.255, is the broadcast address. Any message
sent to the broadcast address will be received by every host on the network.
4. Sample Problem
Here is a sample problem for you to calculate. When you are done, you can
check your answers using an online subnet calcualtor at Tactix Engineering.
IP address: 154.16.52.16
subnet mask: 255.255.240.0
Find:
Number of subnets possible on this network:
Number of hosts possible on each subnet:
Which subnet this address is on:
Range of addresses on that subnet:
Authored by Josh Gentry

Top
Table of Contents
Overview
Supported Protocols
Software Images
Administrative Configuration Options
Command Levels
Overview
Cisco 700 series routers connect small office Ethernet LANs to corporate
networks through Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Basic Rate
Interface (BRI) lines. After configuration, the router automatically routes packets
to and from remote destinations using IP or Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX).
The Cisco 700 series router is a fixed configuration router. The router operating
system is called Cisco IOS-700 software and is unique to the Cisco 700 series
router.
Supported Protocols
The Cisco 700 series routers support the following protocols:
IP
IPX
Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Internetwork Packet Exchange Control Protocol (IPXCP)
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
Bridge Control Protocol (BCP)
Multilink PPP (MLPPP)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Service Advertisement Protocol (SAP)
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP server)
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) for IP and IPX
Triggered RIP for IP
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Port and Address Translation (PAT)
Remote Common Application Programmers Interface (RCAPI)
ISDN Device Control Protocol (ISDN-DCP)
Software Images
The Cisco 700 Series routers run a proprietary Cisco software (Cisco IOS-700
software) image, which is different than traditional Cisco IOS software. The
image you use varies, depending on the region in which the router is used and
what feature set you desire. The image name, for example, c760-in.r-TPH.431.bin, designates the region and features. The regions are as follows:
US for use in North America
NET3 for use in Europe

TR6 for use in Germany
INS for use in Japan
TPH for use in Australia
The features are indicated as follows:
Internet Ready (IP only, 30 users with data compression on) images have
a "b" designation.
Internet Ready X.25 (IP only, four LAN devices, compression, X.25) images have
a "bxd" designation.
Remote Office (IP/IPX, 1500 LAN devices, compression) images have an "r"
designation.
Remote Office X.25 (IP/IPX, 1500 LAN devices, compression, X.25) images
have an "rxd" designation.
So the example image named "c760-in.b-TPH.43-1.bin" is a Series 760 router

image software Release 4.3(1), with the Internet Ready feature set for Australia.
(All Cisco 700 series routers run Series 760 router images. There is no Series
770 router images.)
You can verify the image loaded on your router by entering the version
command at the command-line prompt. The following example shows a router
running a Cisco 760 (c760) image for the United States (US), release 4.0(1), and
using the Remote Office (r) feature set:
guest> version
Software Version c760-in.r.US 4.0(1) - Jan 14 1997 19:00:23
Cisco 766
ISDN Stack Revision US 2.10 (5ESS/DMS/NI-1)
Administrative Configuration Options

You can configure routers through the configuration port or across an IP network
using Telnet. In addition, Cisco IOS-700 software supports Cisco 700 Fast Step
software applications. These tools are on the Cisco 700 Fast Step CD-ROM in
the Cisco 700 Quick Reference Guide.
Command Levels
Commands and parameters have different results depending on where they are
entered. There are two primary levels, system and profile. The system mode
commands are global in nature. The profile mode commands are groups of
command parameters that relate to a specific switch or port. For additional
information regarding profiles, refer to the Cisco 700 Series Router Configuration
Guide.
Posted: Thu Jul 8 12:48:53 PDT 1999

Copyright 1989-1999Cisco Systems Inc.
Table of Contents
System Management Commands
cd
help
log
ping
reboot
reset packets
set baudrate
set callduration
set calltime
set compression
set date
set default
set echo
set ipx trace
set loopback
set screenlength
set serialport
set systemname
set time
set tpad parity
show
show callduration
show calltime
show configuration
show connection
show demand
show memstat
show packets
show tpad
show users
swl
test
upload
version
System Management Commands

This chapter describes the commands for system interfaces, system booting, and
terminal sessions. The system interface commands display the router
configuration in various forms using the show commands. The system booting
commands are used to reboot the router, download software, and reset
configuration value to their defaults. The terminal session commands manage
communications between an ASCII terminal or a PC running terminal emulation
software and the router. (The Cisco 700 Series Installation Guide provides
instructions for connecting a terminal to the router.)
cd
To create a profile, enter an existing profile, or return to system mode, use the cd
command (also known as the change user command).
CD [username]
Syntax Description
username Profile name.
Command Mode
System or profile mode

Usage Guidelines
This command creates a profile if the user name does not exist or moves to the
specified profile if the user name does exist. From within a profile, this command
returns from the profile to system mode.
The user name displays in the prompt, following the router name.
The user name can be abbreviated to the fewest number of characters that make
the name unique. The minimum is two characters. The maximum is 64
characters. User names are not case-sensitive. If no user name is specified, you
return to system mode.
For authentication purposes, the user name is the string the remote device uses
as a username when authenticating itself through Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP).
Example
The following example moves from system mode (where the router name is
Host) to a profile named 2503:
Host> cd 2503
Host:2503>
help
To display a list of commands and the syntax for each command, use the help
command.
HElp [cmd [modifier]]
Syntax Description
cmd
All commands for the specified group are listed. The most useful are set
commands, reset commands, show commands, log commands, test
commands, and unset commands.
modifier All modifiers for the specified command are listed. The most useful are ip
(Internet Protocol), ipx (Internetwork Packet Exchange), and snmp
(Simple Network Management Protocol).
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
Use this command to display online help information about commands. You can
enter a question mark (?) in place of the word "help." Used without parameters,
the command displays all the commands.
Example
The following example displays help for the call command:

Host> help call
CAll [ C# | L# | # | C#/L# | C#/# | #/# ] [ P# | CH# | P#/CH# ]
[<number>]
where
C#
indicates a Connection number
# or L#
indicates a Link number
C#/L# or #/# indicates Link of a Connection
P#
indicates Port
CH#
indicates Channel
P#/CH#
indicates Channel of a Port
<Q> and <enter> to Quit or <enter> for MORE
log
To implement the logging functions, use the log command.
LOg NOne | CAlls | MEssage | ERrors | IPx [TIme] [VErbose]
LOg [LAN | connection] PAckets | TRaffic [CHannel = channel] [VErbose [INbound |
OUtbound]]
NOne
Disable all logging.
CAlls
Log call statistics. Each major call event is logged, and a message
displays every time a channel is assigned a connection.
MEssage
Display a message when a channel is assigned a connection.
ERrors
Log error messages that otherwise are not displayed, including

buffer allocation errors, mail delivery errors, and chip-level errors.
IPx
Display messages when Service Advertisement Protocol (SAP)

entries get changed, interface characteristics are set or changed, or
when erroneous Routing Information Protocol (RIP) information is
received.
TIme
Display time and date of each logged event or message.
VErbose
Log all layers of the ISDN call control stack and traffic by printing the
entire packet.
LAN
Enable logging for the LAN connection. Used with packets or

traffic.
PAckets
Display statistics on packet routing once per second. Number of

packets filtered, forwarded, received, and the packet queue lengths
are displayed.
TRaffic
Display a one-character indicator of each packet sent on the

connection or the whole packet when verbose is specified.
CHannel
Provide the channel number (logs traffic on a channel before the

channel is assigned to a connection). This is primarily used to
diagnose Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) negotiation problems.
INbound
OUtbound
In conjunction with verbose, restrict the packet content display to

either incoming or outgoing packets.
Syntax Description
Default
Log calls
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
The log command displays all enabled logged entries. More than one keyword
can be entered at a time.
Examples
The following example shows output from the log calls command:
Host> log calls time
cb760>ca16545
04/04/199600:24:08L0506545OutgoingCallInitiated
cb760>cb760>01/01/199500:24:10L040LineDeactivated
cb760>01/01/199500:24:10L270Disconnected
cb760>
The following example shows output from the log messages command:
Host> log messages
> Host> 04/04/1996 04:19:26 L05 0 814159031604 Outgoing Call

Initiated
Host>0500-->04000001
01000280131d180200032c
0c383134313539303331
3630356c090000373734
3238363504028890
Host>04/04/199604:19:26L050814159031605OutgoingCallInitiated
Host0400-->03000180120340b548
0801008004028890180183
2c0c3831343135393033
313630346c0900803737
3432383635
Host>0400-->03000280130340b548
0801008004028890180183
2c0c3831343135393033
313630356c0900803737
3432383635
Host>0300-->04000280130341b3f6
02011498180189
The following example shows output from the log messages verbose
command:
Host> log messages verbose
Host>0300-->020a0280150240b3f6
0801160f
Host>0400-->05000004
04000280150418020101
Host>020a-->02000200000140b3f6
0093fa2e
0801160f
Host>0200-->020a0000000141b3f6
02810ce0
08019507
Host>04/04/1995604:22:48L082814159031605CallConnected
Host>020a-->03000100000241b3f6
02810ce0
08019507
Host>020a-->02000100000140b0c6
0281010e
The following example shows output from the log errors command:
2865_66>
2865_66>
2865_66>
2865_66>
2865_66>
2865_66>
2865_66>
ping
log
Log
Log
Log
Log
Log
errors
Errors:
Errors:
Errors:
Errors:
Errors:
11003
11003
11003
11003
11003
IPX
IPX
IPX
IPX
IPX
RIP
RIP
RIP
RIP
RIP
Not
Not
Not
Not
Not
Sent
Sent
Sent
Sent
Sent
To
To
To
To
To
Virtual
Virtual
Virtual
Virtual
Virtual
Conn
Conn
Conn
Conn
Conn
3
3
3
3
3
To determine whether a system can be reached on any connected interface, use

the ping command.
PIng ipaddress
Syntax Description
ipaddress IP address of the target system.
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
The router generates a ping packet that includes the source address of the
profile from which it was sent. If the destination can be reached, the round-trip
delay is determined and reported. If the destination cannot be reached, a "no
response" message is generated.
The ping command automatically tries three times to reach the destination.
Example
The following example illustrates a successful ping:

Host>
start
start
start
ping 172.16.2.1
sending : round trip time is 40 msec.
The following example illustrates an unsuccessful ping:

Host>
start
start
start
ping 172.16.2.1
sending : no response
reboot
To boot the router manually, use the reboot command.
REBoot
Default
None
Command Mode

Example
The following example shows a manual reboot:

Host> reboot
Boot version 2.1(1) 08/13/97 17:33
Copyright (c) 1993-1997. All rights reserved.
POST ............ OK (1.5MB).
Validating FLASH ... OK.
Booting up ............................
01/01/199500:00:00Connection1Opened
tomd>01/01/199500:00:00L010StartedOperation
tomd>01/01/199500:00:01Connection2Opened
Related Commands
set baudrate
set default
reset packets
To set accumulated packet counts to zero for one connection, use the reset
packets command.
REset [connection | LAN] PACkets [ALl]
Syntax Description
connection Reset accumulated packet counts to zero on the specified

connection. If neither a connection number nor LAN is specified,
packet counts for the connection associated with the current profile
are reset.
LAN
Reset accumulated packet counts to zero on the LAN connection.
ALl
Reset all accumulated packets.
Default
None
Command Mode
Profile mode
Example
The following example resets the packet counts for profile 2503:
Host:2503> reset packets
Related Command
show packets
set baudrate
To configure the baud rate for the console port, use the set baudrate command.
SEt BAudrate 300 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200 | 38400
Syntax Description
300
Configure the console port for 300 baud.
1200 Configure the console port for 1200 baud.

Default
9600 baud
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example configures the console port for 2400 baud:
Host> set baudrate 2400
Related Command
reboot
set callduration
To place a limit on the length of time a data call is up, use the set callduration
command.
SEt CALLDuration minutes
Syntax Description
minutes Maximum duration of a call in minutes. Enter any value between 1 and
1430. A value of 0 turns off any configured limit on data call duration.
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
The set callduration command is allowed only after system-level password

authentication is complete.
This command does not affect voice calls.
Example
The following example sets the duration of a data call to 10 minutes:
Host> set callduration 10

Related Commands
set calltime
set password
show callduration
set calltime
To set the time of day when calls can be made or accepted, use the set calltime
command.
SEt CALLTime [VOice | DAta] INcoming | OUTgoing [starttime | endtime]
SEt CALLTime [VOice | DAta] INcoming | OUTgoing OFf]
Syntax Description
VOice
Time-of-day parameters affect voice calls only.
DAta
Time-of-day parameters affect data calls only.
INcoming Time-of-day parameters affect incoming calls only.

OUTgoing Time-of-day parameters affect outgoing calls only.
starttime
Starting time of day when calls are allowed. The router uses a 24-hour
clock, and the parameter is entered HH:MM format, where HH is a
number from 0 to 23, and MM is a two-digit number from 00 to 59.
endtime
Ending time of day when calls are no longer allowed. Enter the
parameter in HH:MM format, where HH is a number from 0 to 23, and
MM is a two-digit number from 00 to 59.
OFf
Turn off any configured time-of-day limits on calls.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The system time on the router must be set correctly for this feature to be
accurate and effective. System-level password authentication is required before
the set calltime command is allowed. The router does not have an auxiliary
power supply, such as a battery, to maintain the router clock. If you power-cycle
the router, reenter the system date and time.
Example
The following example allows incoming voice calls from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm:
Host> set calltime voice incoming 08:00 16:00
Related Commands
set callduration
set date
set password
set sntp server
set time
show callduration
show calltime
set compression
To enable or disable data compression, use the set compression command.
SEt COmpression STac | OFf
Syntax Description
STac Enable data compression.

OFf
Disable data compression.
Default
STac (enabled)
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
Turn compression off if you are using High Level Data Link Control (HDLC)
protocol.
Example
The following example disables compression for the profile 2503 connection:
Host:2503> set compression off
set date
To set the current date, use the set date command.
SEt DAte MM/DD/YYYY
Syntax Description
MM
A two-digit number from 01 to 12.
DD
A two-digit number from 01 to 31.
YYYY A four-digit number from 1994 to 2020.
Default
The default date is 01/01/1995.

Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
You must reset the date every time the router is booted. The date appears during
logging.
Example
The following example configures the date in the router for August 13, 1999:
Host> set date 08/13/1999
Related Command
set time
set default
To set all variable parameters to their default values, use the set default
command.
SEt DEfault
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
The set default command resets all parameters to their default values, deletes
the user-defined profiles, sets the Auto_Config flag to FALSE, and reboots the
router. Setting the Auto_Config flag to FALSE triggers the auto-configuration
procedure in the power-up operation.
The auto-configuration feature allows the router to obtain the configuration file
from a remote server by using Bootstrap Protocol(BOOTP). Upon power-up, the
router examines the Auto_Config flag stored in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM). If the
Auto_Config flag is FALSE, the router initiates a BOOTP to request an IP
address from the server when a connection is established. (If the flag is TRUE,
the BOOTP request is not initiated.)
When the router and BOOTP and TFTP servers at the central site are set up, use
ping to generate traffic and trigger the ISDN call. When the call is connected, the
Cisco 700 series router sends a BOOTP request. If the server finds a matching
MAC address from BOOTPTAB, the server returns a client profile that includes
an IP address and configuration filename. The router initiates a TFTP client
request, requesting the server download the configuration file. (The U.S. image
requires SPID and switch configuration information before the ISDN connection
can be established.)
After successfully loading the configuration file, the router sets the Auto_Config
flag to TRUE in NVRAM. In a subsequent power-up operation, if the Auto_Config
flag is TRUE, the router does not initiate BOOTP to request a configuration file
from the server.
This should be done on the LAN side (Ethernet interface) only. If this operation
fails, the Auto_Config flag remains FALSE. If this is done on the WAN side and
there is a WAN/PPP connection established, this process is triggered repeatedly
on the WAN link.
Example
The following example configures the router to default values:

Host> set default
Related Command
reboot
set echo
To enable and disable terminal echo of keyboard entries, use the set echo
command.
SEt ECho ON | OFf
Syntax Description
ON Enable terminal echo.

OFf Disable terminal echo.
Default
On
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example disables terminal echo for the router:

Host> set echo off
set ipx trace
To convert IPX packets to hexadecimal values for troubleshooting purposes, use

the set ipx trace command.
SEt IPX TRace length | OFf | ON
Syntax Description
length Packet length (from 1 to 65535).

ON
Enable IPX packet conversion to hexadecimal numbers.
OFf
Disable IPX packet conversion to hexadecimal numbers.
Default
Off
Command Mode
Profile mode
Examples
The following example enables IPX trace and sets packet length to 4096:
Host> set ipx trace 4096 on
The following example disables IPX trace:

Host> set ipx trace off
set loopback
To create a loop from the Cisco 700 series router toward the remote router on the
ISDN line, use the set loopback command.
SEt [connection] LOOpback ON | OFf
Syntax Description
connection A connection number on which to create a loop. If no connection

number is specified, a loop is created on the connection associated
with the current profile. If the router cannot determine the connection
number from the profile, the router displays an error message.

ON
Enable a loop.
OFf
Disable a loop.
Default
Disabled
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
This command is used with the test command for troubleshooting purposes. In
system mode, this command must be used with the connection-number
argument. The router displays an error message if a connection number is not
specified. In profile mode, the command uses the connection number for the
profile. Use the show connection command to display which profiles have a
loopback.
Example
The following example creates a loopback on connection 1:

Host> set 1 loopback on
Related Commands
show connection
test
set screenlength
To set the maximum number of lines to display on the terminal, use the set
screenlength command.
SEt SCreenlength lines
Syntax Description
lines Maximum screen length to display on your terminal. The length can be from
2 to 128 lines.
Default
20 lines
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example configures the terminal to display 30 lines:

Host> set screenlength 30
Related Commands
set baudrate
set serialport
set serialport
To toggle the serial port to function as a configuration port or a TPAD (Controller
PAD) port, use the set serialport command.
SEt SErialport TPad | COnfig
Syntax Description
TPAD
Set the serial port as a TPAD port.
COnfig Set the serial port as a configuration port.
Default
COnfig
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
When you enable the serial port as a TPAD, communications from a

configuration terminal to the serial port are not possible. You can enter
configuration commands by using Telnet. (Refer to the Cisco 700 Series
Installation Guide for information on connecting a terminal to the router.)
To switch from TPAD mode to configuration mode, do one of the following:
From the terminal connected to the serial port, enter ^A three times,
followed by a Return to restore the prompt.
From a Telnet session, enter the set serial config command.
Attention (AT) commands are entered at the prompt on the TPAD terminal.
There are two mode of operation in the TPAD implementation that respond to the
enhanced point-of-sale system (EPOS), Verbose and Terse. In Verbose mode,
the response is in strings, such as "CONNECT," "NO CARRIER," "BUSY" and so
forth. In Terse mode the response is in numbers, such as 1 (CONNECT), 3
(DISCONNECT), 7 (BUSY), and so forth.
When the router is in TPAD mode, these responses are echoed to a terminal
attached to the router serial port. Prior to software Release 4.3(1), the mode of
operation was always verbose with echo on. In software Release 4.3(1), a series
of TPAD commands were implemented to support RIVA functionality.
Multiple commands can be entered on a single line.
Table 2-1: AT Commands
Command Description
ATV0
Response strings display in Terse mode (as numbers).
ATV1
Response strings display in Verbose mode (as strings). Default.
ATE0
Disable echoing commands.
ATE1
Enable echoing commands (default).
ATP
Pulse dial prefix.
ATDT
Tone dial prefix.
AT&F
Force factory defaults.
ATS7
Set carrier wait time.
The current state of the serial port can be displayed by using the show
configuration command.
Example
The following example sets the serial port as a TPAD port:

Host> set serialport tpad
Related Commands
set tpad parity

show configuration
show tpad
set systemname
To configure the router name as the system prompt and for Point-to-Point
Protocol (PPP) authentication, use the set systemname command.
SEt SYstemname [systemname]
Syntax Description
systemname Name used as the system prompt.
Default
No system name
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The system name is case sensitive and can be from 1 to 64 characters. If no

system name is entered, the system name is blanked.
The system name identifies the router when making PPP connections to an
Internet service provider (ISP) if there is no PPP client name in the profile defined
with the set ppp clientname command. If a PPP client name is defined in the
profile, the router uses the PPP client name for PPP authentication; the router
retains the system name as part of the prompt. To delete the system name, enter
the systemname command without an argument.
Example
The following example sets the system name to Host:

> set systemname Host
Host>
Related Command
set ppp clientname
set time
To set the current time, use the set time command.
SEt TIme HH:MM:SS
Syntax Description
HH A two-digit number from 00 to 23.

MM A two-digit number from 00 to 59.
SS A two-digit number from 00 to 59.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The time must be reset whenever the router is rebooted.

Example
The following example configures the current time in the router:

Host> set time 08:48:20
Related Command
set calltime
set tpad parity

To select the communications parameters for TPAD, use the set tpad parity
command.
SEt TPad PArity EVen | ODd | None
Syntax Description
EVen 7 data bits, 1 stop bit, and even parity.

ODd 7 data bits, 1 stop bit, and odd parity.
None 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.
Default
None (8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity)

Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
You can change parity of TPAD communications in software Release 4.1(2) and
higher. (In software Release 4.1(1), serial port communication is limited to 8 data
bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.)
The TPAD protocol requires the following X.25 fixed parameters:
LAPB (Link Access Procedure, Balanced)
T1 Timer - 1 second
N2 Retry Count - 2
DTE only
K frame count - 7
Module 8 only
The X.25 protocol requires the following fixed parameters:
Packet Size - 128 bytes
VC - 1024 to 1279
Window Size - 2
Facility - No
DTE only
Reverse Charging - No
X.28 and other X.25 Packet Assembly Disassemblies (PADs) are not supported
because there is no provision for protocol sensing.
The call direction is dial-out only. Incoming calls and two-way calls are not
supported.
Cisco 700 series router software Release 4.2(1) supports Network User
Information (NUI) and Network User Address (NUA), as described in British
Telecom CardWay 0800 Phase 3 Access Platform specification.
Example
The following example sets the TPAD to even parity, 7 data bits, and 1 stop bit:
Host> set tpad parity even
Related Commands
set serialport
show tpad
show
To display the configuration and the status of both ISDN B channels, use the
show command.
SHow
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
In profile mode, the show command displays only the profile-based configuration
parameters. Parameters that have been changed are indicated by an asterisk (*).
Values without an asterisk are inherited from the profile template.
In system mode, the show command displays the profile template.
Example
The following example shows output from the show command in system mode:
Host>show
SystemParameters
Environment
ScreenLength20
EchoModeON
CountryGroup1
BridgingParameters
LANForwardModeANY
WANForwardModeONLY
AddressAgeTimeOFF
CallStartupParameters
MultidestinationOFF
LineParameters
SwitchType5ESS
AutoSPIDandSwitchDetectionOFF
CallParametersLink1Link2
RetryDelay3030
ProfileParameters
BridgingParameters
BridgingON
RoutedProtocols
LearnModeON
PassthruOFF
LineParameters
LineSpeedAUTO
NumberingPlanNORMAL
AutoONON
CalledNumber
BackupNumber
RingbackNumber
CLICallbackOFF
Status01/01/199500:01:00
LineStatus
LineDeActivated
TerminalIdentifierUnassigned
PortStatusInterfaceConnectionLink
Ch:1WaitingforCall
Ch:2WaitingforCall
Related Command
show configuration
show callduration
To show the current setting for call duration, use the show callduration
command.
SHow CALLDuration
Default
None
Command Mode

Example
The following example shows the time limit of a call:

Host> show callduration
Host> Call Duration Limit
10 min.
Related Commands
set callduration
show calltime
show calltime
To show the current of time-of-day limits on calls, use the show calltime
command.
SHow CALLTime
Default
None
Command Mode
Profile mode
Example
The following example displays the call-time limits:

Host:2503> show calltime
***
Call Time Limits
***
DATA CallsStarttimeEndtime
Incoming00:0014:59
Outgoing00:0023:59
VOICE CallsStarttimeEndtime
Incoming00:0004:59
Outgoing00:0020:59
Related Commands
set callduration
set calltime
show callduration
show configuration
To display a subset of the current configuration parameters, use the show
configuration command.
SHow COnfig [ALl]
Syntax Description
ALl Displays system configurations and profile configurations in both system

mode and profile mode.
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
In profile mode, the show configuration command without an argument displays

only profile-based configurations. Parameters that have been changed are
indicated by an asterisk (*). Values without an asterisk are inherited from the
profile template. To display the profile template, type the show command in
system mode.
Example
The following example shows output from the show configuration command in
profile mode:
Host> show config

SystemParameters
Environment
ScreenLength20
EchoModeON
CountryGroup1
BridgingParameters
LANForwardModeANY
WANForwardModeONLY
AddressAgeTimeOFF
MultidestinationOFF
LineParameters
SwitchType5ESS
SvcProfileID1123123123
DirectoryNumber(s)01123412345
AutoSPIDandSwitchDetectionOFF
RetryDelay3030
Profile Parameters
BridgingParameters
BridgingON
RoutedProtocolsIP
LearnModeON
PassthruOFF
LineParameters
LineSpeedAUTO
NumberingPlanNORMAL
CallParametersLink1Link2LinkD
AutoONONOFF
PermanentModeONOFFOFF
CalledNumber
BackupNumber
Related Command
show demand
show connection
To display all current connections, use the show connection command.
SHow CONNection
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example shows output from the show connection command:
Host> show connection

Connections12/04/199617:49:38
StartDate&Time#Name#Ethernet
112/04/199600:00:00##000000000000
212/04/199600:00:00#Top#
Link:1Channel:1telephone:9018
Link:2Channel:2telephone:9018
Table 2-2 describes the fields shown in the display.

Table 2-2: Show Connection Field Descriptions
Field
Description
Connections Connection number assigned by the router.

Start Date
Connection start date.
Start Time
Connection start time.
Name
System ID of the remote device.
Ethernet
Ethernet address of the remote device.
show demand
To display demand and timeout configurations, use the show demand
command.
SHow DEmand
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
In profile mode, the show demand command displays only profile-based

configurations. Parameters that have been changed are indicated by an asterisk
(*). Values without an asterisk are inherited from the profile template. To display
the profile template, enter the show command in system mode.
Example
The following example displays the profile template:

Host>showdemand
DemandCallingParametersLink1Link2
ConnectionTypeAutoONAutoON
Threshold0kbs48kbs
Duration1sec1sec
SourceLANBOTH
Timeout(calltear
down)Parameters
Threshold0kbs48kbs
DurationOFFOFF
SourceLANBOTH
Related Commands
demand
set timeout
show
timeout
show memstat
To display the memory configuration, use the show memstat command.
SHow MEmstat
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The RAM size displays in hexadecimal. For example, a Cisco 700 series router
with 1 MB displays 0x100000, and a router with 1.5 MB displays 0x180000.
Table 2-3 lists the RAM size hexadecimal values reported by the show memstat
command and the corresponding RAM size in megabytes.
Table 2-3: Device RAM Sizes
RAM Size (hex)
Memory
0x100000
1 MB
0x180000
1.5 MB
0x200000
2 MB
Example
The following example shows output from the show memstat command:
Host>showmemstat
ID0:Size:10Avail:8Max:8Used:1Addr:0x000DDBA8
ID1:Size:30Avail:69Max:80Used:16Addr:0x000DDDE2
ID2:Size:18Avail:35Max:35Used:0Addr:0x000DE5A8
ID3:Size:4Avail:36Max:36Used:0Addr:0x000DE850
ID4:Size:8Avail:220Max:220Used:1Addr:0x000DE908
ID5:Size:32Avail:223Max:400Used:180Addr:0x000E0650
ID8:Size:14Avail:124Max:200Used:76Addr:0x000E41E0
ID9:Size:54Avail:38Max:50Used:17Addr:0x000E629A
ID10:Size:8Avail:1Max:2Used:1Addr:0x000EEC40
ID11:Size:54Avail:6Max:6Used:0Addr:0x000EEC70
ID12:Size:462Avail:4Max:4Used:0Addr:0x000EF588
ID13:Size:134Avail:2Max:2Used:0Addr:0x000F00C0
ID14:Size:68Avail:5Max:5Used:1Addr:0x000F0BB8
ID15:Size:96Avail:5Max:6Used:2Addr:0x000F0DA0
ID16:Size:112Avail:2Max:2Used:0Addr:0x000F0FA8
NVStoreUsed:1203,Remaining6989(Deleted77+Unused6912),Total8192
RamStoreUsed:0,Remaining10000,Total10000
RAMSize=0x180000
Availablememory=517088,Allocs=119,Frees=0
MbufAllocs=0x5,MbufFrees=0x5,MbufFail=0x0
IbufAllocs=0x0,IbufFrees=0x0,IbufFails=0x0
MlenMax=0xe0,MlenAvail=0xe0,MlenLow=0xdf,MlenAllocs=0x5,MlenFails=0x0
ZeroMax=0x0,ZeroAvail=0x0,ZeroLow=0x7fff,ZeroAllocs=0x0,ZeroFails=0x0
show packets
To display packet count statistics, use the show packets command.
SHow [connection | LAn] PAckets
Syntax Description
connection Display packet statistics for the connection number. If no connection

number is entered, the router displays statistics for the current profile.
LAn
Display packet statistics for the LAN connection.
Command Mode

Examples
The following example shows the statistics for connection 14:

host> show 14 packets
PacketStatisticsforConnection14
Filtered:11013246Forwarded:8400Received:5993
Dropped:263Lost:0Corrupted:0Misordered:1
CompressionRatio:1.73:1
EthernetType:0806Count:3375
EthernetType:80f3Count:1068
EthernetType:809bCount:48718
The following example shows statistics for the LAN connection:

Host> show lan packets
PacketStatisticsforLAN
Filtered:11001795Forwarded:12411637Received:25496880
Dropped:0Lost:6911Corrupted:46Misordered:0
EthernetType:80f3Count:1068
EthernetType:809bCount:48718
Table 2-4 describes the fields.

Table 2-4: Show Packets Field Descriptions
Field
Description
Filtered
Packets received by the bridge engine and not forwarded.
Forwarded
Packets forwarded to specified connection.
Received
Packets received from the specified connection.
Dropped
Packets received from the connection and dropped because the

queue of packets to be forwarded was too long.
Lost
Packets received from the connection but not successfully

transmitted (often because of a faulty Ethernet connection).
Corrupted
Packets received from the connection with a bad checksum (CRC)
that were discarded as corrupted.

Misordered
Packet received out of sequence when using ordered or

fragmented protocol.
Compression Packets compressed.

Ethernet Type Broadcast packet types received.
Count
Number of packets of this type received.
show tpad
To display the TPAD parity, use the show tpad command.
SHow TPad
Default
None
Command Mode
System or profile level

Example
The following example displays the TPAD parity setting:

Host> show tpad
TPADSerialPortParity:NONE
TPADEchoResponse:ON
TPADResponseMode:VerboseMode
TPADCarrierWaitTime:10seconds
Related Commands
set serialport
set tpad parity
show users
To display all profiles and their status, use the show users command.
SHow USers
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example shows output from the show users command:
Host> show users
UserStateConnection
-------------------------------------------LANActiveLAN
InternalActiveINTERNAL
StandardActive1
tomdInactive

Table 2-5: Show Users Field Descriptions
Field
Description
Profile Name Name of profile.

State
Active or inactive.
Connection
Name or number of the connection assigned to the profile.
swl
To download new router software or configuration files across a TCP/IP network
using Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) or through the configuration port using
a serial cable link, use the swl command.
SWL [TFTP] [CONFIG] [ipaddress filename]
Syntax Description
TFTP
Load the software across a TCP/IP network by using TFTP or use the
router as a TFTP server, depending on the status of the ipaddress and
filename parameters. When the parameters are not included, the router
is a TFTP (proxy) server.
CONFIG Load a configuration file across a TCP/IP network by using TFTP.

ipaddress TFTP server IP address used when the router acts as a TFTP client.
When the ipaddress is included, the filename must also be included.
filename
Name of the software image file when the router acts as a TFTP client
during download. The filename should include the directory path if the
file is not in the server default directory. When the filename is included,
the ipaddress must also be included.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The swl command assumes that communications occur through the

configuration port. (See Cisco 700 Series Installation Guide for information on
connecting a terminal to the router.)
The swl tftp command assumes that communications occur through a TFTP
server.
The swl tftp command loads the software across a TCP/IP network by using
TFTP when the ipaddress and filename are included. The command sets the
router as a TFTP proxy server when an ipaddress and filename are not included.
The software or configuration file must be stored on a client server. (TFTP server
mode times out in 1 minute.)
On the TFTP client, you must use binary file transfer mode to transfer the
software file. If the transfer is successful, the router reboots using the
downloaded software and the downloaded configuration (if a configuration file
was also downloaded). If the transfer was not successful, the router displays an
error message or fails to boot, and the software must be reloaded.
The TFTP client and TFTP server implementation is based on RFC 1350. TFTP
timeout interval and transfer size options are not implemented.
Examples
The following example loads the operating system software in the router through
a serial connection from the terminal to the configuration port. (You can use an
ASCII terminal or a personal computer running terminal emulation software.)
To load software with the swl command, follow these steps:
Step 1 Connect your terminal to the configuration port on the router.
Step 2 Set the baud rate for the terminal to 9600 and the protocol to 8N1.
Step 3 Turn on power to the router. The router boots, and when the boot process
is complete, the router displays a prompt.
Step 4 Enter the swl command:
Host> swl
You are prompted to verify that you are downloading the software image.
Step 5 Enter y to continue:
Are you sure? y
You are prompted for the baud rate.

BOOT version 2.0(1) 04-16-96 12:03:06
Copyright (c) 1993-1996. All rights reserved.
Ready to upload new firmware into flash. Select baud rate:
1 -
300 baud
2 1200
3 2400
4 4800
5 9600
6 - 19200
7 - 38400
8 - 57600
9 - 115200
baud
baud
baud
baud
baud
baud
baud
baud
Step 6 At the prompt, enter one of the baud rates listed (do not press the Return
key), and make sure that the load rate you choose is supported by your terminal
emulation software. Table 2-6 shows the approximate software load times.
Table 2-6: Approximate Software Load Time
Load Rate (Baud) Approximate Time (Minutes)
2400
48
9600
12
19200
38400
57600
115200
Step 7 Change the baud rate of the terminal to the appropriate download rate.
Step 8 Set the protocol to ASCII on the terminal.
Step 9 Download the file containing the new software to the router by following
the prompts on your terminal. (The LINE LED blinks throughout the loading
process.)
You are prompted to change the terminal baud rate to 9600.
Change settings to 8n1/9600 baud and press a key
Step 10 Change the baud rate of the terminal emulation software to the
appropriate baud rate and press any key.
When the download is successful, the LINE LED turns off, and the RDY LED
turns on. If the download was not successful, use Table 2-7, which shows
symptoms and possible solutions.
Table 2-7: Software Download Command Troubleshooting
Symptom
Probable Cause and Solution
Download takes
significantly longer than
the approximate time
listed in Table 2-6.
The terminal emulation program interline and

intercharacter delays are not set to zero. If the load
was successful, no further action is necessary. If the
load was terminated prematurely, reset the interline
and intercharacter delays to zero, and reload the
software.
The terminal displays

unrecognizable text after
the download is
The terminal has not been reset to 9600 baud. Reset

the terminal any time after loading the new software.
After changing the terminal baud rate, press Return to
completed.
gain access to the standard prompt (>).
Two or more LEDs are

blinking.
Incorrect configuration of the PC COM port or a

defective console cable. Press Esc on the keyboard,
and try to load the software again.
TFTP File Transfer Example
The following example shows the transfer of an image by using TFTP. The router
is the server and the workstation is the client. (Before beginning this procedure,
configure your workstation to operate as a TFTP client. In server mode, the
workstation only accepts put requests for the file.
Step 1 Check the file directory to confirm that the new software and, optionally,
the new configuration file are installed on the TFTP server.
Step 2 Ping the TFTP server from the router to confirm that the router can be
reached from the client machine:
Host> ping clientipaddress
Caution
When the swl tftp command is entered, the existing software is erased. If a
catastrophic event such as a power failure occurs before the file transfer is complete,
the router must be initialized through the configuration port.
Step 3 Enter the swl tftp command to load the software image on the router:
Host> swl tftp 171.69.91.33 foxus.fl
Are you sure? y
Host>
SWL TFTP: Starting transfer ...
SWL TFTP: Transfer successful.
Image received successfully.
Burning flash, standby (15 seconds max.) ...
The software is downloaded. You can follow the same procedure using the swl
tftp config command to download a configuration:
Host> swl tftp config 171.69.91.33 efoxcfg.txt
Are you sure? y
Host>
SWL TFTP: Starting transfer ...
SWL TFTP: Transfer successful.
SWL TFTP: Erasing old configuration.
Host> Connection 1 Closed

Host>
SWL TFTP: Setting new configuration.
Configuration Load Example
The following example loads a configuration. (The example uses Terminal for
Windows, a commonly used terminal emulation program. You can use other
terminal emulation software.) Although this is not part of the swl command, the
following example is provided for your convenience:
Step 1 From the terminal emulation program, go to the Setting menu, and select
Text Transfer. The Text Transfer dialog box appears.
Step 2 Set flow control to Line at a Time, and set Delay Between Lines to 0.5 to
1 second.
Step 3 Click OK.
Step 4 From the Transfer menu, select Send Text File.
Step 5 Select the file to be loaded.
Step 6 Click OK. The parameters are transferred to your router.
Step 7 If errors occur during the transfer, enter the set default command,
increase the delay between lines, and repeat the procedure for loading the
configuration beginning with Step 1.
Related Command
show security
test
To generate test packets, use the test command.
TEst [connection] [WAn | ALl] [STop | REsult | ETher] RAte pps [MInpkts bytes
MAxpkts bytes]
Syntax Description
connection Number of the connections where test packets are generated.

WAn
Generate test packets on the (WAN) ISDN line. Packets should be

sent to a WAN switch that has a loopback enabled. Compare number
of sent packets to number of received packets.

ALl
Generate test packets on both the ISDN line and on the LAN.
STop
Stop all test packets from being generated.
REsult
Display results of last completed test.
ETher
Generate test packets on the LAN and compare the number of sent
packets to the number of received packets.
RAte
Rate in packets per second (pps) at which test packets are generated.
The rate can be between 1 and 100; the default value is 10.
MInpkts
Minimum size (in bytes) of test packets. The size can be between 60
and 1514; the default value is 60.
Packets are generated in incrementally larger sizes, starting with the
minimum size and ending with the maximum size. After the maximum
length is reached, the next packet is the minimum size.
MAxpkts
Maximum size in bytes of test packets. The size can be between 60

and 1514; the default value is 1514.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example enables a test on the ISDN line and the LAN with a
minimum packet size of 255 bytes and a maximum packet size of 1024 bytes:
Host> test all min 255 max 1024
upload
To send a set of ASCII strings containing the current configuration to the terminal
or TFTP client, use the upload command.
UPload [TFTP ipaddress filename]

Syntax Description
TFTP
Upload the configuration across a TCP/IP network by using TFTP. The

output goes to the console port if this parameter is not included.
ipaddress TFTP server IP address.

filename
Name of the file where the router configuration is to be stored on the

TFTP server. The filename field should include the directory path if the
file is not in the default directory of the server.
Default
None
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
The upload command (without any parameters) sends the current configuration
to the console port. The upload tftp command uploads the configuration through
a TFTP client.
You can use the captured file to reconfigure the router after loading new software
or to configure multiple routers with the same parameters.
Set the ASCII download for 1 second so that each line is correctly processed.
Password and secret information are encrypted for security reasons. If you are
reloading a configuration into a router for reconfiguration, all password and secret
information is loaded.
Example
The following example uses TFTP to send the router configuration to IP address
10.1.1.1, filename 700ted.cfg:
Host> upload tftp 10.1.1.1 700ted.cfg
Related Commands
set default
set echo
swl
version
To display the software release level and date, use the version command.
VErsion
Default
None
Command Mode

Example
The following example shows output from the version command:

Host> version
SoftwareVersionc760-in.r.US4.2(1)-Aug13199808:34:02
Cisco761
ISDNStackRevisionUS2.10(5ESS/DMS/NI-1)
Copyright(c)1993-1997byCiscoSystems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.
Softwareisusedsubjecttosoftwarelicenseagreementcontained
withthisproduct.Byusingthisproductyouagreetoacceptthe
termsofthesoftwarelicense.
HardwareConfiguration:
DRAM:1.5MB
Flash:0.5MB
POTS:Type2(Rev.Unknown)
NT1:NotInstalled
ROM:2.1(1)ALPHA-7
Table 2-8 lists the specific types of basic telephone service (POTS) used in each
country.
Table 2-8: POTS Types and Countries
Board
Types
Countries
Type 0
Mexico, United States
Type 1
Canada, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Singapore, Taiwan
Type 2
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong

Kong, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland,
United Kingdom

Table of Contents
Profile Commands
reset user
set active
set inactive
set profile
set profile id
set user
show profile
unset
Profile Commands
This chapter describes the commands used to create, modify, delete, and display
user-defined profiles. Profile mode parameters affect how the router handles the
connection to a device and consist of individual parameters, maintained in
configuration sets.
User-defined profiles can be created, so individual parameters do not have to be
modified to establish different connections. The router also maintains three
permanent profiles, Internal, LAN, and Standard. The Internal profile stores
parameters used to communicate between the LAN and WAN ports. The LAN
profile stores parameters that configure the LAN port on the router. The Standard
profile is the default profile.
The commands to display profile information apply to both the user-defined and
permanent profiles. A detailed discussion on how profiles are used in Cisco 700
series routers is in the Cisco 700 Series Router Configuraiton Guide.
reset user
To delete a profile, use the reset user command.
REset USer username
Syntax Description
username
Name of the profile to be deleted.
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
The profile is removed and if you are in profile mode, you are returned to system
mode.
Example
The following steps delete the user-defined profile named 2503:

Step 1 Enter the reset user command:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">reset user <EM&NBSP;ST
YLE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2503
Step 2 Enter y in response to the verification prompt:

Are you sure> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">y
Host>
If you do not want to delete the profile, enter n or press Return without
responding to the request.
Related Commands
set active
set user
show profile
set active
To set a profile to active, use the set active command.
SEt ACtive [username]
Syntax Description
username
When executed in system mode, the named profile is set to active.

In profile mode, the username is not necessary; the profile from
which the command is issued is set to active.
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
Newly created profiles are inactive by default. Profiles are active after the set
active command has been issued and you reboot the router.
When a profile is active, outgoing WAN packets cause a call to be made to a
WAN switch (if on-demand dialing is enabled with the set auto command). All
incoming calls are answered.
When a profile is inactive, outgoing WAN packets do not cause the router to
automatically dial out. The call must be initiated manually with the call command
before the router will forward the packets. However, all incoming calls are
answered.
Example
The following example configures profile 2503 to be active and opens a

connection:
Host><SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD"> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTFAMILY:&NBSP;COURIER&NBSP;NEW,&NBSP;COURIER,&NBSP;MONO;&NBSP;FONTSIZE:&NBSP;9.5PT;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set active <EM&NBSP;STYLE="F
ONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2503<SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;NORMAL;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">
Connection 2 opened
Related Commands
call
set auto
set inactive
set user
set inactive
To set a profile to inactive, use the set inactive command.
SEt INACtive [username]
Syntax Description
username
Username of the profile to be deactivated.
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
Newly created profiles are inactive by default. Profiles are active after the set
active command has been issued and you reboot the router.
When a profile is active, outgoing WAN packets cause a call to be made to a
WAN switch (if on-demand dialing is enabled with the set auto command). All
incoming calls are answered.
When a profile is inactive, outgoing WAN packets do not cause the router to
automatically dial out. The call must be initiated manually with the call command
before the router will forward the packets. However, all incoming calls are
answered.
Example
The following example sets the profile 2503 to be inactive:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set inactive <EM&NBSP;STYLE
="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2503
Connection 2 closed
Related Commands
set auto
set active
set user
set profile
To change a profile name and profile activity status after power on and call
disconnect, use the set profile command:
SEt PROFile [POwerup = ACtive | INactive] [DIsconnect = DEactivate | KEep]
[USer = new profile name]
Syntax Description
POwerup
Profile activation state when the router is powered on.
ACtive
Profile becomes active when the router is powered on. If a profile is

set to active, outgoing WAN packets cause a call to be made to a
WAN switch (if on-demand dialing is enabled with the set auto
command). All incoming calls are answered.
INactive
Profile is inactive when the router is powered on. If a profile is set

to inactive, outgoing WAN packets do not cause the router to dial
out automatically. The call can be initiated manually with the call
command. However, all incoming calls are answered.
DIsconnect
Profile activation state when the physical connection has been

terminated.
DEactivate
Profile becomes inactive when all the links of its physical

connection are disconnected.
KEep
Profile remains active when all the links of its physical connection
are disconnected.
USer
Use to change the name of an existing profile.
Defaults
powerup active
disconnect keep
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
Incoming calls from a remote device associated with a profile cause that profile to
become active regardless of the profile activity settings.
Example
The following example configures the profile 2503 to be inactive after the unit
powers up and inactive after all physical links to a remote device are
disconnected:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set profile powerup in
active disconnect deactivate
Related Commands
set auto
set user
set profile id
To associate the Ethernet address of a WAN switch with a profile, use the set
profile id command.
SEt PROfile ID ethernetaddress
Syntax Description
ethernetaddress
Ethernet address of a remote device associated with the

profile. Every profile must have an Ethernet address entered
with this command.
When the router receives a call, it uses the Ethernet address

of a remote device to locate the correct profile.
Default
No Ethernet address configured.

Command Mode
Profile mode
Example
The following example configures the profile 2503 with the Ethernet address of
the calling router:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set profile id <EM&NBS
P;STYLE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">00000c0012ff
Related Commands
set auto
set user
set user
To create a new user-defined profile or modify the name of an existing userdefined profile, use the set user command.
SEt USer [username] [INcoming | OUTgoing]
Syntax Description
username
Name of the profile. A profile name can be 1 to 64 characters long.

Names are case sensitive only when they are displayed and used
for authentication.
INcoming
The profile is initialized for incoming calls only. The profile must
have the following values:
Powerup inactive (change with the set profile command)

Disconnect deactivate (change with the set profile command)
On-demand dialing off (change with the set auto command)
If this keyword is not specified, the profile applies to both incoming

and outgoing calls.
OUTgoing
The profile is initialized for incoming or outgoing calls. The profile

must have the following values:
Powerup active (change with the set profile command)

Disconnect keep (change with the set profile command)
On-demand dialing on (change with the set auto command)
Usage Guidelines
In system mode, the command creates a new user-defined profile if a profile by

that name does not already exist or changes the status of an existing profile. In
profile mode, it changes the name and the status of the user-defined profile. The
incoming and outgoing keywords are shortcuts for the set profile and set auto
commands.
Default
Outgoing
Command Mode

Examples
The following example configures a new profile named 2503:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set user <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FO
NT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2503<SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;NORMAL;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD"> outgoing
Host:2503>
The following example changes an outgoing profile to be optimized for incoming

calls:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set user <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FO
NT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2503<SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;NORMAL;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD"> incoming
Host:2503>
Related Commands
set auto
set profile
show profile
To display the Ethernet address and activity status of the current profile, use the
show profile command.
SHow PRofile
Command Mode

Example
The following example shows output from the show profile command for profile
2503:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">show profile
Profile for user
Ethernet Address 00 00 00 00 00 00
Power Up
ACTIVATE
Disconnect
KEEP

Table 3-1 Show Profile Field Descriptions
Field
Description
Ethernet
Address
Ethernet address of the WAN switch associated with the profile.

Configured with the set profile id command.
Powerup
Indicates whether the profile is active when the router is

powered on. Configured with the set active command.
Disconnect
Indicates if the profile remains active after a physical connection

to the WAN switch has been terminated. Configured with the set
active command.
<*>
Indicates the value applies to this profile only.
unset
To return profile-configured parameters to the profile template value, use the
unset command.
UNset commandparameter
Syntax Description
commandparameter
Original set command used to configure the parameter.
Default
None
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
Table 3-2 lists the original command modifiers that can be unset.
Table 3-2 Unset Command Syntax Description
Original Command
Unset Command Syntax
set link auto
unset link auto
set bridging
unset bridging
set callerid
unset callerid
set compression
unset compression
set link demand
unset link demand
set learn
unset learn
set link number
unset link number
set link permanent
unset link permanent
set ppp authentication unset ppp authentication

set ppp callback
unset ppp callback
set ppp password host unset ppp password host

set ppp secret host
unset ppp secret host
set passthru
unset passthru
set link ringback
unset link ringback
set speed
unset speed
set link timeout
unset link timeout
Example
The following example returns the PPP client password in the user-defined
profile 2503 to the password in the profile template:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">unset ppp password cli
ent
Posted: Mon Dec 8 17:24:06 PST 2003

All contents are Copyright 1992--2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Important Notices and Privacy Statement.
Table of Contents
Security Commands
login
logout
reset calleridreceive
set callerid
set clicallback
set callidreceive
set local access
set logout
set password
set remote access
show security
Security Commands
This chapter describes the commands used to manage router security as it
relates to modifying the configuration and monitoring the activity of the router.
login
To log into a remote router to make configuration changes, use the login
command.
LOGIn [ipaddress | ethernetaddress | connectionid | REmote]
Syntax Description
ipaddress
IP address of a device on the same IP network or to a remote

router connected across the ISDN line. The IP address must be
entered in four-part dotted decimal format.
ethernetaddress Used with bridging, the Ethernet address logs into a router on
the same Ethernet segment or to a remote router connected
across the ISDN line. The Ethernet address must be entered as
12 contiguous hexadecimal characters with no spaces.
connectionid
User profile connection identification used for remote login.
REmote
Log into a router connected to the ISDN line. Use this keyword
while in profile mode.
Default
None
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
If access to the router has been restricted with the set local access command,
you are required to enter the router system password before making any
configuration changes.
You can only log into a remote Cisco 700 series router directly connected to your
terminal or to a remote Cisco 700 series router with an active ISDN or Ethernet
connection to your router. After 5 minutes of no activity, the remote router logs
you out. Use the logout command to manually log out of the remote router.
Used without an argument or keyword, this command logs you into the router
directly connected to your terminal through the console port.
Example
The following example shows how to log into a remote router, from a profile,
across the ISDN connection by using the remote router IP address:
Host> login 150.150.50.25 remote
Related Commands
logout
set local access
set remote access
logout
To end any remote session initiated with the login command, use the logout
command.
LOGOut
Default
None
Command Mode
Example
The following example ends a remote session initiated with the login command:
Host> logout
Related Command
login
set local access
set remote access
To delete one or all of the telephone numbers from which the router receives
calls when caller ID is enabled, use the reset callidreceive command:
REset CALLIdreceive number | ALl
Syntax Description
number Remote router telephone number entered with the set callidreceive
command.
ALl
Delete all remote router telephone numbers entered with the set
callidreceive command.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example deletes a caller ID receive number entered with the set
callidreceive command:
Host> reset callidreceive 5559020
Related Commands
set calledrid
set callidreceive
set callerid
To enable ISDN caller ID authentication, use the set callerid command.
SEt CALLErid ON | OFf
Syntax Description
ON Enable ISDN caller ID authentication.

OFf Disable ISDN caller ID authentication.
Default
Off (disabled)
Command Mode
System level
Usage Guidelines
The calling device is authenticated by its telephone number using caller ID (a

service offered by the ISDN service provider).
Example
The following example enables caller ID checking for all ISDN connections:
Host> set callerid on
Related Command
set callidreceive
set clicallback
To change the callback delay, use the set clicallback command:
SEt CLICallback OFf | ON [# of digit to match] [DElay seconds]
Syntax Description
ON
Enables caller ID callback.
OFf
Disables caller ID callback.
# of digit to
match
Minimum number of digits (from right to left) to be matched.
seconds
Time between the rejection of incoming messages and the

callback. Valid range is 3 to 30 seconds.
Default
10-second delay for all switch types.

Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
In software Release 4.0(1), the callback delay was a fixed value of 3 seconds. In
software Release 4.1(2) and higher, the value can be set from 3 to 30 seconds
by using the set clicallback delay command.
Because clicallback rejects calls when a match is found and cliauthentication
accepts calls when a match is found, clicallback has precedence over
cliauthentication. For cliauthentication to be active, clicallback must be
turned off.
Example
The following example sets the callback delay to 7 seconds:

Host> set clicallback on delay 7
Related Commands
set callidreceive
set callidreceive
To enter the ISDN telephone number from which the router accepts calls when
caller ID checking is enabled, use the set callidreceive command.
SEt CALLIdreceive number
Syntax Description
number ISDN phone number of a remote router from which the router accepts
calls when caller ID checking is enabled with the set callerid command.
Default
No caller ID receive number is configured.

Command Mode
System level
Usage Guidelines
To delete a telephone number set with this command, use the reset
calleridreceive command.
Example
The following example enters the telephone number for a remote router
authenticated when caller ID checking is enabled:
Host> set callidreceive 4085559020
Related Commands
set callerid
set local access

To restrict the commands allowed at the local port, use the set localaccess
command.
SEt LOcalaccess ON | PArtial | PROtected
Syntax Description
ON
Set commands to be performed without restriction.
PArtial
Set commands to be performed with partial restriction.
PROtected Set commands to be performed with system password only.
Default
On (enabled for all commands)

Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
To use dual tone multifrequency (DTMF) commands from the telephone keypad,
the set local access command must be set to on. The set password command
must be set. Table 4-1 describes the set local access command settings.
Table 4-1: set localaccess Command Settings
Command
call
On
See Note
Partial Protected
1
P2
cd
demand
P
P
disconnect
establish
help
log
login and logout

ping
reboot
release
P
P
reset commands
set commands
show commands
software load
P
P
test commands
timeout
P
P
unlearn
P
P
unset commands
upload
version
An empty cell indicates that the command can be performed remotely without
restrictions.
2
P indicates that the system password must be entered before using the command.
Example
The following example configures local configuration access to protected:

Host> set localaccess protected
Related Command
set password
set logout
To set the inactivity timer for remote logins, use the set logout command.
SEt LOGout minutes

Syntax Description
minutes Number of minutes of inactivity on a remote login Telnet session before

the remote user is logged out. To disable the auto logout feature, use a
logout value of 0.
Default
5 minutes
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example disables the remote inactivity timer session:

Set logout 0
Related Command
login
logout
set password
To set a password, use the set password command.
SEt PAssword SYstem [ENcrypted] [<password>]
Syntax Description
SYstem
Configure the system password that authenticates users requesting a

local or remote configuration session.
ENcrypted Used by the computer when loading a saved configuration text file
(UPL output) into the router.
password Password used for authentication. If the password is absent from the
command statement, you are prompted for the entry.
Default
No passwords
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The system password can consist of 1 to 30 characters. The command should be

preceded with the set remote access or set local access command. If a
password is not included in the command line, you are prompted to enter the
password. When configuring a system password, you are also prompted for a
username to associate with the password. This username can consist of 1 to 7
characters.
The encrypted parameter is used by the computer when loading a saved
configuration into the router. If UPL is run, the system password is displayed. For
example:
set password system encrypted 053b2b3c09641f
When this command is loaded back into the original router (or another router),
the router knows the password is already encrypted by examining the encrypted
parameter.
You should not use the encrypted parameter when typing in the system password
manually. If you do, the router will try to decrypt it, and you will not be able to log into
the router.
The password can be included in a configuration file, which can generate a set
password command that includes unencrypted or encrypted passwords for PPP
authentication.
Note that the system password protects remote access, but not local access.
Before downloading a configuration, a remote user has to enter a system
password (if it has been set), but a local user does not. For example, an
unauthorized user can use the upload command to generate PPP CHAP or PAP
authentication and cut-and-paste the password to a local console.
Examples
The following example configures a host password for profile 2503:

Step 1 Enter the set password command:
Host:2503> set password system
Step 2 Enter your host password. (Your password is not echoed on the screen.):
Enter new Password: <new password>
Step 3 Reenter your host password for confirmation:

Re-Type new Password: <new password>
Step 4 Enter the username you want associated with the host password:
Enter User Name: johndoe
Related Commands
login
logout
set local access
set remote access
set remote access

To restrict remote configuration access to the router, use the set remote access
command.
SEt REmoteaccess OFf | PRotected | PArtial
Syntax Description
OFf
No remote login sessions are allowed.
PRotected Set commands to be performed with system password only.

PArtial
Set commands to be performed with partial restrictions.
Default
Off
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
Table 4-2 describes the set remote access command settings.

Table 4-2: set remote access Command Settings
Commands
Partial
Protected Off
call
See Note.1 P2
X3
demand
disconnect
help
log commands
login
logout
reboot
reset commands
set commands
unset commands P
upload
version
show commands
software load
test commands
timeout
cd
establish
ping
release
unlearn
An empty cell indicates that the command can be performed remotely without
restrictions.
2
P indicates that a system password must be entered before this command can be
performed remotely.
3
X indicates that this command cannot be performed remotely.
Example
The following example configures the router for protected remote access:
Host> set remote access protected
Related Command
set local access

set password
show security
To display the security configurations, use the show security command.
SHow SEcurity [ALl]
Syntax Description
ALl In profile mode, display all security configurations as if the command were
issued in system mode. Ignored in system mode.
Command Mode

Example
The following example shows output from the show security command in
system mode:
Host> show security
SystemParameters
Security
AccessStatus
SystemPasswordNE
RemoteConfigurationPROTECTED
LocalConfiguration
LogoutTimeout5
CallerIDSecurityOFF
CallerIdNumbers
PPPSecurity
PPPAuthenticationINCHAPPAP
CHAP REFUSE
NONE
CHAP ALLOW MULTIHOST
OFF
ProfileParameters
PPPSecurity
PPPAuthenticationOUTNONE
TokenAuthenticationSupport
TASClient0.0.0.0
UseLocalCHAPSecretON
Client
UserNameNONE
PAPPasswordNONE
CHAPSecretNONE
Host
PAPPasswordNONE
CHAPSecretNONE
Callback
RequestOFF
ReplyOFF
The following example shows output from the show security command in profile
mode:
Host:temp> show security
>PPP Security
PPP Authentication OUT
NONE
PPP Authentication ACCEPT
EITHER
Token Authentication Support
TAS Client
0.0.0.0
Use Local CHAP Secret ON
Client
User Name
odc7
PAP Password
NONE
CHAP Secret
NONE
Host
PAP Password
NONE
CHAP Secret
NONE
Callback
Request
OFF
Reply
OFF
Table 4-3 lists the significant fields shown in the display.
Table 4-3: show security Command Fields

Field
Description
System
Parameters
Security configurations that apply to system mode.
Access Status
Indicates remote access is enabled. Can be on or off.
System Password Indicates a system password has been entered with the set
password system command. Can be none or exists.
Remote
Configuration
Remote access restriction as configured with the set remote

access command.
Local
Configuration
Local configuration restriction as configured with the set local

access command.
Caller ID Security Indicates caller ID is enabled. Can be on or off.

Caller ID Number Phone numbers entered with the set calleridreceive
command.
PPP
PPP authentication method for incoming calls. Can be PAP,
Authentication In CHAP, none, or any combination of these three. Set with the
set ppp authentication in command.
Profile
Parameters
Security configurations that apply to the profile. If you are using

the show security command in system mode, these
configurations make up the profile template for security
parameters.
PPP
PPP authentication method used for outgoing calls. Can be
Authentication Out PAP, CHAP, none, or any combination of these three. Set with
the set ppp authentication out command.
PAP Client
Password
PAP client password entered with the set ppp password

command. Can be none or exists.
CHAP Client
Secret
CHAP client password entered with the set ppp secret

Callback ID
Security
Indicates callback authentication is enabled. Can be on or off.
CHAP Refuse
Indicates rejection of CHAP challenges.
CHAP Allow
Multihost
Indicates whether chap challenges with multiple hostnames are

allowed. Can be on or off.
Callback
Indicates callback is enabled. Can be on or off.
Callback Numbers Numbers entered with the set clicallback command.

Number of Host
Passwords
Number of host passwords that have been entered with the set
password command.
PAP Host
Password
PAP host password entered with the set ppp password

CHAP Host Secret CHAP host password entered with the set ppp secret
Callback Request Request a callback from the remote unit. Can be on or off.
Callback Reply
Perform a callback if requested to do so by the remote router.

Can be on or off.
Related Commands
set clicallback
set local access
set password
set ppp authentication
set ppp password
set ppp secret
set remote access

Table of Contents
ISDN Calling Commands
Configuring Directory Numbers
SPIDs and Directory Numbers
Analog Telephone Ports
Data Over Voice Bearer Service
Automatic Data Call Disconnect
Distinctive Ringing
call
demand
disconnect
establish
release
reset directory number
reset phone
set aoctimeout
set alawvoice
set auto
set autodetection
set backupnumber
set button (Cisco 770 series routers)
set callwaiting
set conference
set countrygroup
set delay
set directorynumber
set internaltones
set multidestination
set number
set permanent
set phone
set plan
set ringback
set speed
set spid
set switch
set timeout
set transfer
set voicepriority
show status
show voicerouting
timeout
unset permanent
ISDN Calling Commands

This chapter describes the commands used to configure Integrated Services
Digital Network (ISDN) calling, such as on-demand dialing and security.
Configuring Directory Numbers

This section describes the association between the ISDN directory numbers, the
service profile identification numbers (SPIDs) and the analog telephone port(s) of
the router.
Note
Detailed information regarding the commands discussed in this chapter
are provided in the Cisco 700 Series Router Command Reference.
SPIDs and Directory Numbers

SPIDS are in common use only in North America. If you are using ISDN Basic
Rate Interface (BRI) service in North America, your telephone service provider
might assign zero, one, or two SPIDs to your BRI line, depending on what kind of
switch the service provider uses. For 5ESS Custom switches, no SPID is
assigned if the service provider is using a point-to-point switch, and one SPID is
usually assigned for a multipoint switch. For DMS-100, NI1 and NI1-compliant
switches, two SPIDs are usually assigned. All other switch types usually do not
use SPIDs.
If your BRI line is assigned two SPIDs, it is suggested that you use the first SPID
directory number for data calls and the second SPID directory number for the
incoming voice calls to reduce the chances a data call will be disconnected when
the router receives incoming voice calls.
SPIDs define the services available to the router. SPID numbers are determined
by your service provider. For example, a directory number is considered a
service and is associated with a SPID. A SPID can have more than one directory
number associated with it. Cisco 700 series routers support up to three directory
numbers for each SPID and up to two SPIDs, for a total of six directory numbers.
Analog Telephone Ports

The analog telephone ports are basic telephone service (POTS) ports, as
opposed to an ISDN telephone port, such as the S/T port. The POTS ports are
mapped to the directory numbers.
Cisco 765, Cisco 766, Cisco 775, and Cisco 776 routers have two analog
telephone ports. The phone numbers for the ports are assigned using the set
phone command. However, if your BRI line is assigned zero or one SPID, only
one analog telephone port can be used at one time. If your BRI line is assigned
two SPIDs, both analog telephone ports can be used simultaneously.
If no directory numbers are associated (mapped) to the POTS ports, the default
function of analog telephones is dependent on the number of SPIDs assigned to
the ISDN BRI line. Table 5-1 describes the default behavior of the POTS ports if
your SPIDs and directory numbers are defined and you do not use the set
phone command to configure the POTS ports.
Table 5-1 Analog Telephone Port OperationDefaults
Analog Telephone Port Operation
No SPIDs or
Two SPIDs
One SPID
All incoming calls ring Phone 1.
X2
SPIDs
Not
Used1
Phone 1 can call Phone 2.
Two data calls are connected and voice

priority is configured to always. If calls on
the Phone 1 and Phone 2 ports are at the
same time, only one data call is
disconnected.
1 SPIDs are used only inside North America. This column shows the behavior of the
analog telephone ports for devices outside North America, where SPIDs are not used.
2 An X indicates that the behavior applies for this configuration.
Data Over Voice Bearer Service

This section applies only to North American analog telephone services.
The router recognizes the difference between a data call and a voice call. In
some tariff areas, voice calls are less expensive than data calls. Cisco 700 series
routers support incoming and outgoing DOV calls. DOV calls are data calls made
over the BRI (voice) line using Voice Bearer Capability (VBC).
If a directory number has been configured for DOV, incoming data calls with VBC
are routed to the LAN through the Ethernet port, as shown in Figure 5-1.
Incoming voice calls are forwarded to the analog (voice) device over the analog
telephone port, as shown in Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-1 Data Call with VBC
Figure 5-2 Voice Call over VBC Line
The set dov command instructs the router to treat incoming calls to a specified
directory number as data calls. (Before using the set phone command to
configure DOV, you must set the directory number with the correct SPID, as
described in the section "Configuring Directory Numbers," in this chapter.)
Any call received on the port that has been associated with this directory number
is treated as DOV and is forwarded to the LAN. One or two directory numbers
can be configured for DOV with the set phone command.
The set speed command with the voice keyword sets VBC on for outgoing DOV
calls, enabling the features of VBC and DOV.
Automatic Data Call Disconnect

You can automatically disconnect a data call when a voice call is made or
received and two data calls are in progress. The set voicepriority command
determines if a data call will be disconnected when the router makes or receives
a voice call.
If the priority is set to always, data calls are always bumped in favor of voice
calls.
If the priority is set to conditional, the data call is disconnected from one channel
if the data call can continue over another channel.
If the priority is set to never, data calls are never bumped in favor of voice calls.
If the priority is set to disable, data calls are handled as indicated by the
set phone DOV command.
The voice priority mode is dependent on several factors, including the following:
Whether one or two ISDN B channels have data calls in progress

If two ISDN B channels have data calls in progress, whether the B channels are
connected to the same destination or to different destinations
Distinctive Ringing
Cisco 700 series routers have a Distinctive Ring Manager (DRM) that can
support distinctive ringing cadences for up to six external devices using the set
phone command. These external devices can be a telephone or fax machine.
Each POTS interface can support up to three devices.
call
To make a manual ISDN call on a specified link to a specified telephone number,
use the call command.
CAll [object] [number]
Syntax Description
object
Can consist of a link or a channel.
number
The telephone number of the remote ISDN device. If no telephone

number is entered, the router calls the number configured in the
current profile with the set number command. If no number is entered
and the current profile has not been configured with a number, this
command has no effect.
Default
None
Command Mode
Usage Guidelines
The object parameter can take one of these forms:

1. Connection
A logical data stream that connects the unit to the remote device. A
connection can have multiple links associated with it. The syntax format for
connection is as follows:
C#
2. Link
A logical 64/56-kbps data path assigned to users, numbered sequentially
beginning with one. The unit is limited to two links. The two syntax formats
for link are as follows:
L# or #
The # parameter can be either 1 or 2.

The three syntax formats for a connection and an associated link are as
follows:
C#/L# or C#/# or #/#
3. Channel
Channels provide a physical data path over the WAN. Channels are one or
more time slots kept in sequence through the WAN that do not require any
kind of inverse multiplexing. The unit can support 64-kbps channels or (in
INS release only) 128-kbps channels. The syntax format for a channel is as
follows:
CH#
The # parameter can be 1 or 2.

If no link number is specified, the call is placed on both links. If no destination
telephone number is specified, the unit uses the number configured for the
current profile.
Example
The following example makes a manual call on the second link to 408 555-1212
while in profile mode for profile 2503:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">call <EM&NBSP;STYLE="F
ONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2 <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FO
NT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">4085551212
Related Commands
set button
set number
demand
To specify when an on-demand ISDN call will be made, use the demand
command.
DEmand [link] [THreshold = kbps] [DUration= seconds] [SOurce =WAN | LAn |
BOth]
Syntax Description
link
Specifies the link with which all the following parameters are
associated.
THreshold
Minimum data rate (in kbps) that must exist on the channel before
the call will be made. The range is 0 to 128. 1
Inband negotiation traffic (traffic that terminates at the router) is not
taken into account for the threshold level.
DUration
Length of time (in seconds) that the traffic is to be above the data
threshold before the call is made. The range is 1 to 255.
SOurce
Source of traffic that is counted.
WAN
Traffic received from the ISDN line.
LAn
Traffic received from the LAN.
BOth
The value of LAN or the ISDN traffic, whichever is higher.
1 The data rate measured is the data that the router intends to forward across the ISDN
line, so the data rate might actually exceed the physical capacity of the line.
Default
Channel 1threshold 0 duration 1 source lan

Channel 2threshold 48 duration 1 source both
Command Mode

Usage Guidelines
On-demand dialing must be enabled with the set auto command.

Example
The following example determines when on-demand dialing will take place for
profile 2503:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">demand <EM&NBSP;STYLE=
"FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">1 <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE
="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">threshold <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">10 <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">duration <E
M&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2 <SP
AN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">source lan
This specifies that link 1 will dial if 10 kbps is continuously exceeded for 2
seconds.
Related Commands
set auto
set delay
set ppp callback
set ppp negotiation retry
set ppp negotiation count
set ppp bacp
set ringback
set timeout
timeout
show negotiation
disconnect
To manually terminate an ISDN call, use the disconnect command.
DIsconnect [object | ALl]
Syntax Description
object
ISDN B channel or link. Can be 1 or 2. If no channel or link is entered,

any connected calls are terminated.
ALl
Disconnects all calls.
Default
None
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
The object parameter can take one of these forms:

1. Connection
A logical data stream that connects the unit to the remote device. A
connection can have multiple links associated with it. The syntax format for
a connection is as follows:
C#
2. Link
A logical 64/56-kbps data path assigned to users, numbered sequentially
beginning with one. The unit is limited to two links. The two syntax formats
for link are as follows:
L# or #
The # parameter can be either 1 or 2.

The three syntax formats for a connection and an associated link are as
follows:
C#/L# or C#/# or #/#
3. Channel
Channels provide a physical data path over the WAN. Channels are one or
more time slots kept in sequence through the WAN that do not require any
kind of inverse multiplexing. The unit can support 64-kbps channels or (in
INS release only) 128-kbps channels. The syntax format for a channel is as
follows:
CH#
The # parameter can be 1 or 2.

The router may automatically reconnect the call after using the disconnect
command. This can occur if on-demand dialing is enabled and a telephone
number has been entered with the set number command. If the router receives
enough packets to meet the demand threshold parameters, a new call is made.
Examples
The following example disconnects a call on the first link:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">disconnect <EM&NBSP;STYLE="
FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">1
The following example disconnects any calls on both links of the current
connection:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">disconnect
Related Command
set number
establish
To reassign a released service profile identifier (SPID) to the router, use the
establish command.
EStablish [spidid]
Note
This command is applicable to US switches only.
Syntax Description
spidid
Specify the number of the SPID you are establishing (1 or 2) as set by

the set spid command.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command is applicable only in the United States. It reassigns one of the
SPIDs after it has been released to a device other than the router. For example, if
you have two SPIDs and the router is using both of them for data, one of the
SPIDs has to be released if an ISDN phone is to be used.
Example
The following example reassigns the SPID ID2 to the router following a release:
<B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">establish<EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL"> 2
The following is a typical sequence of events:

1. A unit has two calls established.
2. A call is disconnected by the user to free the B channel.
3. User releases the second SPID by entering: REL 2. The message "Terminal
Identifier Unassigned" displays.
4. The same SPID is activated by the user in another ISDN TE on the same DSL.
5. Use of the other TE is finished and the user frees the SPID.
6. User reactivates the SPID in the unit by entering: ES 2.
7. A second channel call is made by the user of the unit.
Related Command
release
release
To release the Layer 2 link and Terminal Identifier (TEI) Unassigned associated
with a SPID so that it can be used by another device on the same ISDN line
(SBus), use the release command.
RElease [spidid]
Syntax Description
spidid
Specify the number of the SPID you are releasing (1 or 2) as set by the
set spid command. (North America only.)
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
Use this command when your ISDN line only supports two SPIDs and one B
channel per SPID (DMS-100). When released, the SPID still resides in memory,
so you do not have to reenter the SPID. To reassign the SPID back to the router,
use the establish command.
Example
The following example releases the Channel 1 SPID from the router so that it can
be used by another device on the same ISDN line:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">release<EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL"> 1
Related Command
establish

To delete one or all of the directory numbers, use the reset directory number
command.
REset DIrectorynumber ALl | number [.subaddress]
Syntax Description
ALl
Deletes all the directory numbers entered with the set directory
number or set phone command.
number
Deletes the specified directory number that has been entered with
the set directory number or set phone command.
.subaddress
Subaddress of a device on a multipoint ISDN line. Can consist of

1 to 10 digits.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
If you reset all of the directory numbers, the RCAPI number is automatically
reset.
Example
To delete a directory number entered with the set directory number use one of
the following commands:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">reset di all
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">reset di 14085559020
Related Commands
set directory number

set phone
set rcapi number
reset phone
To disassociate a directory number that has been associated with an interface,
use the reset phone command.
REset PHONE1 | PHONE2 | DOV
Syntax Description
PHONE1 |
PHONE2
The directory number set (and ringing cadence) for each

telephone interface will be disassociated.
DOV
All of the DOV (Data Over Voice) directory numbers set are
disassociated (a maximum of two).
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command applies only to routers with analog telephone support.

Example
To disassociate a directory number that has been entered with the set phone
command:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">reset phone1
Related Command
set phone
set aoctimeout
To extend the connection (after the idle time out has expired) based on the
frequency of the Advise of Charge During Call (AOC-D), use the set aoctimeout
command. The feature is also known as the fee pulse mode.
SEt AOctimeout ON [seconds] | OFf
Note
This command is applicable only in the NET3 image (Europe).
Syntax Description
ON
Enables the action time.
The seconds required to terminate the logical connection. We

seconds recommend using the default value. This parameter has a range of 1
to 120 seconds.
OFf
Disables the action time.
Default
4 seconds
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
The aoctimeout command can only be used in conjunction with the set timeout
command. Before using this command, configure the set timeout command
parameters, threshold kbps and duration seconds.
Example
The following example enables the use of AOC-D supplemental service:

Host: set aoctimeout on
Related Command
set timeout
set alawvoice
To set voice encoding, use the set alawvoice command.
SEt ALawvoice ON | OFf
Note
This command is applicable only in the NET3 image (Europe).
Syntax Description
ON
Voice encoding is set to A-law.
OFf
Voice encoding is set to micro-law (-law or Mu-law).
Default
On
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
For the NET3 switch type, the set alawvoice command changes the voice
encoding to micro-law for countries such as Taiwan. Most countries that use the
NET3 switch type use A-law voice encoding. This command is needed for
countries (such as Taiwan) that require micro-law.
Example
The following example sets voice encoding to A-law:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set alawvoice on
set auto
To enable or disable on-demand dialing, use the set auto command.
SEt [link] AUto ON | OFf
Syntax Description
link
Link on which on-demand dialing is enabled or disabled. Can be set to 1 or

2. If no link is specified, on-demand dialing is enabled or disabled on both
links.
ON
Enables on-demand dialing.
OFf
Disables on-demand dialing.
Default
channel 1enabled (on)

channel 2enabled (on)
Command Mode
Profile mode
Example
The following example disables on-demand dialing for the second channel:
Host> <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2 <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">auto off
Related Commands
demand
set ppp callback
set ppp bacp
set ringback
set timeout
show negotiation
set autodetection
To enable or disable automatic service profile identifiers (SPID) detection, use
the set autodetection command.
SEt AUTODetection ON | OFf
Note
This command is available only in the US image.
Syntax Description
ON
Specifies a North American switch with auto detection enabled. You must
enter the directory number, including the area code.

OFf
Disables the auto detection feature. You must enter the SPID numbers and
switch type.
Default
Off
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The auto-SPID and auto-switch detection features simplify the use of ISDN
terminal equipment because there are fewer parameters to enter. Before the
feature is enabled, the user only enters the local directory numbers and area
code. No SPID number or switch type is required. This reduces the possibility of
mistakes made by the user or the carrier.
During the detection process, the control software tries to register SPIDs with the
switch based on the local directory numbers and area code. After a successful
registration, the control software stores the detected SPIDs and switch type in
NVRAM, as if they were entered by the user.
If auto detection fails to register SPIDs with the ISDN switch, the system prompts
the user with an error message. The user will be required to manually enter SPID
number(s) and switch type.
The auto-detection feature only applies to North American ISDN switches,
usually a 5ESS Custom, DMS-100 Custom, NI1, or NI2 switch. The autodetection mechanism might not work with any other switch, such as Siemens
switch.
The user can enter up to six directory numbers in software Release 4.0(1) and
higher, three for each interface. Including the area code helps the auto detection
software speed up the registration process.
The following limitations are inherit in SPID auto detection.
If the service provider has assigned SPIDs that cannot be generated by the search
table, the feature does not work.
The test call does not work if other router features are attempting to make calls
while detection is in progress. It is recommended that the LAN not be connected
to the router while detection is in progress.
You must not attempt to make a voice call while SPID detection is in progress.
An incoming call can cause the feature to fail or to incorrectly determine that the
test call was successful.
The detection procedure requires approximately 30 seconds for each table entry.
The current table size suggests a maximum time of approximately 12 minutes to
complete the SPID detection process.
The SPID detection procedure places a burden on the switch connected to the
Cisco 700 series router. Therefore, the feature disables itself after it has finished
the process. It is recommended that the feature is used only during installation and
that it be invoked sparingly.
Example
The following example disables on-demand dialing for the second channel:
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">directorynumber <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">4085551234
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">directorynumber <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">4085552345
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set autodetection on
Related Commands
set directory number

set spid
set switch
set backupnumber
To set a backup number, use the set backupnumber command.
SEt [link] BackupNUmber = [subaddress]
Syntax Description
link
Logical 64/56-kbps data path assigned to users, numbered

sequentially beginning with one. The unit is limited to two
links.
BackupNUmber
1 to 20-digit telephone number of a device.
.subaddress
Subaddress of a device on a multipoint ISDN line. Can consist

of 1 to 10 digits.
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
Cisco 700 series routers can place a call to a backup telephone number when an
outgoing call is made. The call might not be successful because the receiving
side is busy or does not answer. Cisco 700 series routers support second
number fail-over for manual and auto data calls. Both the called number and the
backup numbers must be configured.
Example
The following example sets up a backup number:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set backupnumber <EM&NBSP;S
TYLE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">18885551212
Related Command
set number
set button (Cisco 770 series routers)

To make and disconnect data calls, use the set button command.
SEt BUtton STandard | username | OFf
Syntax Description
STandard
Used if no selection was made (the Standard profile telephone

number is used). If you make more than one choice, the last one will
be effective.
OFf
Disables the button.
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command applies only to Cisco 770 series routers and associates a profile
with the ISDN make and break button. To use this command, choose an existing
profile. The status of the button is displayed in the output of the show
configuration command issued in system mode.
Table 5-2 summarizes the B-channel connection status and the button operation.
Table 5-2 B-Channel Connection Status and Button Operation
Current Status
Button Operation
No calls up
Make a data call
1 Data call only
Disconnect data call
2 Data calls
Disconnect both data calls
1 Voice call only
Make a data call
2 Voice calls
No action
1 Data call and 1 Voice call Disconnect data call
Example
The following example sets the button to use the Standard profile:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set button standard
Related Command
call
set callwaiting
To disable or enable the call waiting, use the set callwaiting command.
SEt CALLWaiting [INterface=PHONE1 | PHONE2] ON | OFf
Syntax Description
PHONE1 | PHONE2
Sets call waiting for each specified telephone interface.
ON
Enables call waiting.
OFf
Disables call waiting.
Default
Enabled
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command applies only to routers with analog telephone support. If a fax
machine or modem is connected to the analog telephone interface PHONE2,
disable call waiting for PHONE2.
Example
The following example disables the call waiting interface on PHONE2:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set callwaiting IN=PHONE2 O
FF
set conference
To change the call conference feature access code, use the set conference
command.
SEt CONference = accesscode

Syntax Description
accesscode
Call used by the service provider to activate the call conference

feature.
Default
60
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command applies to NI1 and DMS switches only. Feature access codes for
a particular supplementary service varies from ISP to ISP. There is no range for
these codes.
Example
The following example changes the code used by the service provider to activate
the call:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set conference<SPAN&NBSP;ST
YLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL"> = <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">66
set countrygroup
To set the ring cadence duration for the analog telephone equipment for a
specific country group, use the set countrygroup command.
SEt COUntryGroup groupnumber
Syntax Description
groupnumber
Default
Set a ring cadence for the analog telephone equipment for a

specific country.
1 (North America)
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command only applies to routers with analog telephone support. Ring
cadences for the analog telephone equipment differ for each country. This
command allows you to choose the appropriate ring cadence.
Note
Refer to the version command to verify the correct analog telephone
daughter card.
Table 5-3 lists each country group, associated group number, and the associated
ring cadences.
Table 5-3 Country Groups and Ring Cadence Duration
Group
Number
Country Group
Ring
Cadence
USA, Canada
2 41
Australia, Ireland, Singapore, United Kingdom,

Malaysia
0.4 0.2 0.4 2
Austria, Portugal, Sweden
15
Belgium
13
Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Italy,

Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway,
Switzerland
14
Finland, Sweden
19
France
1.5 3.5
Hong Kong
0.4 0.2 0,4 3
Japan, Korea
12
Spain
10
1.5 3
1 Underlined value indicates the ring duration in seconds. The numbers that are not
underlined indicate a silence.
Example
The following example sets the current country group value to 1. The appropriate
ring cadence takes effect immediately:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set countrygroup 1
Related Command
version
set delay
To set the time between unsuccessful demand call attempts, use the set delay
command.
SEt [link] DElay seconds
Syntax Description
link
Link to which the delay time applies. If no link is entered, the delay time
is set for both links.
DElay
Number of seconds between unsuccessful call attempts. This value can

be between 10 and 32767 seconds. Another call is attempted when the
delay time has expired only if the parameters set by the demand
command are met.
Default
Link 130 seconds

Link 230 seconds
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
The delay time applies to all ISDN demand call attempts.

If the routers at both ends of an ISDN connection are configured with on-demand
dialing enabled and the same delay time, unsuccessful calls can lead to a
nonterminating error condition. This condition occurs when each router
repeatedly tries to call the other at exactly the same delay time. Neither call will
be successful, and both routers will repeat the call attempt at the same delay
interval.
Example
The following example sets the first channel to retry demand calls every 15
seconds:
-STYLE:&NBSP;NORMAL;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">delay<SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;OBLIQUE;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL"> 15
Related Command
demand
set backup number
set directorynumber
To enter the router directory number, use the set directorynumber command.
SEt [spidid] DIrectorynumber = number [.subaddress]
Note
The SPID ID is applicable to U. S. switches only.
Syntax Description
spidid
The SPID ID can be 1 or 2. Depending on your ISDN service

provider, your line might be assigned one or two SPIDs.
If no SPID ID is specified, the directory number is associated with
SPID1 in the case of switches with SPIDs.
number
The directory number assigned by the telephone company. Can

have 2 to 20 digits. For Cisco 760 and Cisco 770 series routers, a
maximum of six directory numbers are allowed. For Cisco 750
series routers, a maximum of two directory numbers are allowed.
.subaddress
Subaddress of a device on a multipoint ISDN line. Can have 1 to

10 digits.
Default
No directory number is configured.

Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guideline
To delete a directory number, use the reset directory number command.

The show voicerouting command confirms the directory numbers are correctly
associated with the analog telephone ports. The following example shows the
output from the show voicerouting command.
Interface
PHONE1
PHONE2
DOV
UNSPECIFIED
VoicePriority
In
ALWAYS
ALWAYS
N/A
N/A
VoicePriority
Out
ALWAYS
ALWAYS
N/A
N/A
Call
Waiting
ON
ON
N/A
N/A
Directory
Number
5551234
5551235
Ring
Cadence
Examples
The following example (shown in abbreviated form) associates directory number

5551234 with the first SPID and directory number 5551235 with the second
SPID.
766> <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">1 <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">di<SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTFAMILY:&NBSP;COURIER&NBSP;NEW,&NBSP;COURIER,&NBSP;MONO;&NBSP;FONTSIZE:&NBSP;9.5PT;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD"> <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">5551234
766> <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2 <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">di <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">5551235
If your BRI line is not assigned SPIDs, use the set directory number command
without the spidid argument to configure the router with the directory numbers,
for example:
766> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set di <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">5551234
Related Command

show voicerouting
set internaltones
To select the tone provided by the switch or the tone generated by the unit
locally, use the set internaltones command.
SEt INTernaltones None | DIaltone | All
Syntax Description
None
All tones are provided by the switch.
DIaltone
Dialtone is generated locally. All the other tones are provided by the
switch.
All
All the tones are provided locally.
Default
None
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command applies only to European ISDN Net3 and 1TR6 switches.
Example
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set internaltones none
set multidestination
To enable multidestination dialing, use the set multidestination command.
SEt MUltidestination ON | OFf
Syntax Description
ON
Enables multidestination dialing. The router, through the use of profiles, is

able to connect to multiple remote locations over ISDN.
OFf
Disables multidestination dialing. If the router attempts to connect with two

different remote routers, the connection to the second router is refused.
Default
Off (disabled)
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
When setting multidestination, make sure you are not creating a bridging loop.
Example
The following example enables multidestination dialing:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set multidestination on
set number
To enter the ISDN telephone number that each link calls, use the set number
command.
SEt [link] NUmber = [number .subaddress]
Syntax Description
link
The link to which the telephone number is assigned. This number

can be 1 or 2. If no link is specified, the number is applied to both
links.
number
The telephone number called when dialing on demand. The

number can consist of 1 to 32 digits. This number should include
all numbers required for the router to complete the call (for
example, access codes and area codes).
.subaddress
The subaddress of a device on a multipoint ISDN line. The

address can be 1 to 10 digits.
Default
No ISDN telephone numbers configured.

Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
To delete a number entered with the set number command, enter the command
without the telephone number.
Examples
The following example sets a telephone number that is automatically dialed for
profile 2503:
Host:2503><SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD"> <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">1 <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">number <EM
&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">14085551234
The following example deletes the dialed number for profile 2503:
Host:2503> <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">1 <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">number
Related Commands
set auto
set plan
set permanent
Use the set link permanent command to enable permanent connections.
SEt link PErmanent ON | OFf
Syntax Description
link
Specifies channel 1, channel 2 or D, where the D channel has

AO/DI configured.
PErmanent
Specifies permanent mode of operation.
ON
Enables permanent mode.
OFf
Disables permanent mode.
Default
Off
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
Customers and Internet service providers (ISPs) in areas served by carriers

providing flat-rate ISDN can have their lines connected permanently. This
overrides any timeout and threshold parameters. It also allows the flexibility of
having one or more channels permanently up.
This feature is not dependent on the switch for permanent connections and can
work on any switch type.
On power up, the router tries to bring up all permanent connections. If for any
reason a connection gets disconnected, the router attempts to reconnect.
If permanent mode is specified for more than one link on a single profile, all links
come up only if Multilink PPP is configured. If the D channel is configured for
permanent mode, it comes up only if no other B channels are active.
If the idling D channel configured for permanent mode is disconnected, it will not
come up if any B channel is already connected, until the B channel call is
discontinued. Permanent mode can be configured for three links only, two
B channels and the D channel, across all profiles. If you enter this command after
having configured it for two B channels and the D channel, an error message
displays on the console screen.
The permanent mode setting overrides only timeout and threshold parameters
and not other events such as
Manual call disconnects.

Pressing the make/break switch (Cisco 770 series routers only).
Overrides from voice priority settings.
These events cause the line to be disconnected, but in permanent mode the
router attempts to restore the line immediately.
Related Commands
show configuration
show demand
unset permanent
set phone
To select the interface to which the voice calls are routed, use the set phone
command.
SEt PHONE1 | PHONE2 | DOV number [.subaddress][ring1 | ring2 | ring3]
Note
Syntax Description
PHONE1
PHONE2
The telephone interface to which the voice calls will be routed. If

no interface has been associated with an incoming voice call,
the default routing will be to PHONE1.
DOV
(Data Over Voice) If a directory number is associated with the

DOV interface, all incoming voice calls to that number will be
treated as data over voice calls and routed to the Ethernet
interface.
number
The directory number associated with that interface. There is

one directory number per telephone interface. Two directory
numbers can be assigned to be data over voice.
.subaddress
Subaddress of a device on a multipoint ISDN line. This number

can have 1 to 10 digits.
ring1
Specifies the ringing cadence. If the ringing cadence is not

specified, the original country's tone is generated. Ring 1
signals DRM to route the incoming call to output port 1.
ring2

ring3

Default
PHONE1
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
If you are connected to a 5ESS Custom switch and you have assigned multiple
directory numbers to a SPID, an incoming voice call destined for a secondary
directory number is routed as the primary directory number. As a result, the call is
routed to a different phone interface or uses a different ring cadence than
expected.
The Distinctive Ringing feature provides up to three distinctive ring cadences that
can be assigned to directory numbers.
Ring Type
1
2 seconds on, 4 seconds off
Ring Type
2
0.8 seconds on, 0.4 seconds off, 0.8 seconds on, 4 seconds off
Ring Type
3
0.4 seconds on, 0.2 seconds off, 0.4 seconds on, 0.2 seconds off,
0.8 seconds on, 4 seconds off
Example
The following example sets the telephone interface, directory number, and ring
cadence:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set phone1 <EM&NBSP;STYLE="
FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">6592651<SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;NORMAL;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD"> ring1
Related Command
reset phone
set plan
To set the numbering plan for outgoing calls, use the set plan command.
SEt PLan NOrmal | INternational | NAtional | SUbscriber | UNknown ISDN |
ABbreviated | CEntrex| NEtwork
Syntax Description
NOrmal
Unknown numbering type with unknown numbering plan (most

common case).
INternational
The international numbering type with ISDN numbering plan.
NAtional
The national umbering type with ISDN numbering plan.
SUbscriber
Local numbering type with ISDN numbering plan.
UNknown
ISDN
Unknown numbering type with ISDN numbering plan.
ABbreviated
Abbreviated numbering type with private numbering plan.
CEntrex
Local numbering type with private numbering plan.
NEtwork
Network specific numbering type with private numbering plan.
Default
Normal
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
The numbering plan is the type of telephone numbering plan the router uses
when making calls. Numbering plans are predefined settings that configure calls
so that they conform to telephone system requirements.
Example
The following example sets the router to use the international numbering plan
when making calls:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set plan international
set ringback
To set the router's ringback number, use the set ringback command.
SEt [link] RIngback [number [.subaddress]]
Syntax Description
link
The ISDN B channel to which the ringback number applies. Can

be 1 or 2. If no channel is specified, the ringback number applies
to both channels.
number
The number sent to the remote router to make a callback to the

Cisco router (your local router phone number). Can be 1 to 32
digits. This number must include all the digits necessary for the
remote router to complete a call to the Cisco router, for example,
area and access codes.
.subaddress
Specifies a particular device on a multipoint ISDN line. Can be 1

to 10 digits.
Default
No ringback number is configured.

Command Mode
Profile level
Usage Guidelines
The ringback number is the number string used by the remote router to make a
callback to your router. If a remote router is calling in from a different area code,
requires a different access codes or a country code, it might be necessary to
specify that ringback number in each profile. For example, the ringback number
for a remote router in the same area code might be 555-1234 while the ringback
number for a remote router outside the area code might be 1408555-1234, and
the ringback number for a remote router on a PBX might be 95551234.
If BACP or BAP is used, the ringback number has another function; to make a
second-channel call, the router uses a combination of the number it used to
make the first-channel call, and the remote router's second-channel ringback
number.
For example, the Cisco router calls 555-1234 to reach the first channel of the
remote router. If the second channel telephone number is 555-5678, set the
remote router's second-channel ringback number to 5678. The Cisco router uses
the prefix of the first number it called (555) plus the second channel's ringback
number (5678) to make the second call.
Example
The following example sets the number that a remote router uses when making a
callback to the Cisco router on the first ISDN B channel:
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">ringback <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">14155551234
Related Commands
demand
set auto
set ppp callback
set ppp bacp
set timeout
show negotiation
set speed
To set the speed of data calls, use the set speed command.
SEt SPeed 56 | 64 | AUto | VOice
Syntax Description
56
Outgoing calls are made and connected at 56 kbps. Incoming calls are
connected at 56 kbps.
64
Outgoing calls are made and connected at 64 kbps.

Incoming calls are connected at 64 kbps, unless Bearer Capability (BC)
indicates the call is at 56 kbps. In this case, calls are connected at 56
kbps.
AUto
Outgoing calls are attempted at 64 kbps. If unsuccessful, the call is

retried. Incoming calls are connected at the speed indicated by BC and
ISDN messages.
VOice
Outgoing calls are made using Voice Bearer Capability (VBC) and data
is transferred at 64 kbps. Used for Data Over Voice (DOV). This
parameter is used only in the United States. Incoming calls are
connected as in auto mode.
Default
Auto
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
The voice keyword should be used only with ISDN switch types 5ESS, DMS or
NI1.
Example
The following example sets the speed for data calls to 64 kbps for profile 2503:
Host:2503> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set speed 64
set spid
To enter a service profile identifier (SPID), use the set spid command. (North
America only.)
SEt [spidid] SPId [spidnumber]
Syntax Description
spidid
(Optional if there is only one SPID) Used as a convenient singledigit number to identify the actual long SPIDs allocated by service
providers.
spidnumber
Number identifying the service to which you have subscribed. This

value is assigned by the ISDN service provider and is usually a
ten-digit telephone number with some extra digits. The SPID
number can consist of 1 to 20 digits.
Default
No SPIDs are configured.

Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
To delete a previously entered SPID, use the set spid command without the
SPID number argument.
Examples
The following example sets two SPIDs for the line:

-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">spid <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">0408555123401
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">spid <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">0405555123402
The following example deletes the first SPID:

-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">spid
Related Commands
release
establish
show configuration
set switch
To configure the central office switch, use the set switch command.
SEt SWitch 5Ess | DMS | NI-1 | INS | VN3 | NET3 | 1TR6 | TPH | PERM64 |
PERM128 | PERM2X64
Syntax Description
5Ess
5ESS
DMS
Northern Telecom DMS-100
NI1
National ISDN-1
INS
JapanNTT's Information Network System
VN3
FranceISDN BRI standard
NET3
EuropeISDN BRI standard
1TR6
GermanyISDN BRI standard
TPH
Australia
PERM64
Dedicated line service that enables the unit to use a single 64kbps data stream connected to one port. With this option, Channel
1 runs at 64 kbps, and Channel 2 is not used. NTT's Super Digital
service is an example of a leased line server. (Japan)
PERM128
Dedicated line service that enables the unit to use a single 128kbps data stream connected to one port. With this option, Channel
1 and 2 are combine to run at 128 kbps. (An example is Japan
NTT's HSD service.)
PERM2X64
Bundles the B channels even if they are not synchronized. (When

the unit is set in PERM128 mode, only one PPP session runs at
128 kbps, and both B channels must be synchronized.)
Default
The switch type depends on which image of the Cisco IOS-700 software is
loaded. For example, if your image is c760-in.b-US.41-1, the default is 5ESS.
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
Not all switch settings are available to all users. The switch type available
depends on the type of software loaded into the unit.
perm2x64 enables the router to use both of the 64-kbps data streams for
connecting to the remote end. In this mode, the B channels are bundled together
to total 128 kbps, with the help of Multilink PPP (MLP).
When the unit is set in PERM128 mode, only one PPP session runs at 128 kbps
and both B channels must be synchronized. PERM2X64 mode bundles the
B channels even if they are not synchronized.
Example
The following example configures the ISDN switch type as DMS:

Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set switch dms
set timeout
To configure the amount of time the ISDN line remains idle before disconnecting,
use the set timeout command. This command sets the same parameter as the
timeout duration command.
SEt [link] TIMEout [seconds | OFf]
Syntax Description
link
The ISDN link to which the timeout parameters apply.
seconds
Time (in seconds) that the ISDN line will remain idle before
disconnecting. Can be between 1 and 32767 seconds.
OFf
The ISDN line will not disconnect automatically.
Default
Off
Command Mode
Profile mode
Example
The following example configures both ISDN B channels to disconnect after 5

minutes for profile 2503:
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">timeout <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">300
-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">timeout <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">300
Related Commands
demand
set aoctimeout
set auto
set ppp callback
set ppp bacp
set ringback
timeout
show negotiation
set transfer
To change the call conference feature access code, use the set transfer
command.
SEt TRansfer = accesscode
Syntax Description
accesscode
Call used by the service provider to activate the call transfer

feature.
Default
9
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
This command applies to NI1 and DMS switches only.

Example
The following example changes the code used by the service provider to activate
the call:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set transfer = <EM&NBSP;STY
LE="FONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">67
set voicepriority
The set voicepriority command sets the voice priority mode. It determines if the
system will disconnect a B channel assigned to a data call to allow a voice call.
SEt VOicepriority [INcoming | OUtgoing] [INterface=PHONE1
| PHONE2] ALways | COnditional | NEver
Syntax Description
INcoming
Priorities are being set for incoming calls.
OUtgoing
Priorities are being set for outgoing calls.
INterface
Takes the values of PHONE1 or PHONE2. When neither is

specified, it will apply to both PHONE1 and PHONE2.
ALways
Sets voicepriority to be active under all circumstances. Data calls

are always bumped for voice calls.
COnditional
Sets voicepriority to disconnect data calls only if the network
connection can be guaranteed (that is only if there are two data

calls to the same destination).
NEver
Disables voicepriority; data calls are never bumped for voice calls.
Default
Always
Command Mode
System mode
Usage Guidelines
Voice priority can be set in a variety of ways. Table 5-4 lists the settings and the
modes for inbound calls.
Table 5-4 Inbound Voice Priority Modes
Inbound Calls
Mode
2 data channels
destination A
1 data channel to
destination A, 1 data
channel to
destination B
1 data channel to
destination A, but the
offered channel is
the one in use
Always
Bump 1 data
channel when
inbound call is
answered by going
off-hook
Bump 1 data channel

when inbound call is
answered by going
off-hook
Bump data call when

inbound is answered
Bump 1 data
channel when
Conditional inbound call is
answered by going
off-hook
No bump; ring busy
No bump; ring busy
Never
No bump; ring busy
No bump; ring busy
No bump; ring busy
Table 5-4 lists the settings and the modes for outbound calls.
Table 5-5 Outbound Voice Priority Modes
Outbound
Calls
1 data call to
destination A and
1 data call to
destination B
1 data call to
destination A, but the
telephone's channel is
the one in use
Mode
2 data calls to
destination A
Always
Bump 1 data call

Bump 1 data call
Bump the existing
when the
when the telephone dataphone when the
telephone goes offgoes off-hook
call goes off-hook
hook
Conditional
Bump 1 data call

when the
No bump; ring busy No bump; ring busy
telephone goes offhook
Never
No bump; ring
busy
No bump; ring busy No bump; ring busy
Example
The following example configures voice priority for incoming calls on both
telephone interfaces to conditional mode:
Host><SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">set voicepriority conditiona
l
show status
To display the current status of the ISDN line and both B channels, use the show
status command.
SHow STatus
Command Mode
Example
The following example shows output from the show status command:
Host> <SPAN&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">show status
Status
Line Status
Line Activated
Terminal Identifier Assigned
Port
Ch:1
Ch:2
Status
56K Call
64K Call
Interface Connection Link

In Progress
Data 71
In Progress
Phone1
show voicerouting
To display the current settings of voice call routing, use the show voicerouting
command.
SHow VOicerouting
Note
Command Mode
System mode
Example
The following example shows the output from the show voicerouting command:
Host> <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">show voicerouting
Interface VoicePriority VoicePriority
Call
Directory
In
Out
Waiting
Number
PHONE1
AlWAYS
CONDITIONAL
ON
6592651
6592655
6592667
PHONE2
ALWAYS
DOV
N/A
UNSPECIFIED N/A
timeout
CONDITIONAL
N/A
N/A
OFF
N/A
N/A
6592661
6592663
6592665
Ring
Cadence
1
2
3
1
2
3
To configure the parameters that specify when the ISDN line will be
disconnected, use the timeout command. This is an expanded version of the set
timeout command, which only allows you to specify duration.
TImeout link [THreshold= kbps] [DUration= seconds] [SOurce= WAn | LAn |
BOth]
Syntax Description
link
The link to which the timeout parameters apply.
THreshold
Data rate in kbps. If the data rate falls below the specified threshold
for the specified duration, the ISDN line disconnects.
DUration
Length of time, in seconds, that the traffic must be below the

threshold before the ISDN line is disconnected.
SOurce
Source of the traffic in reference to the threshold.
WAn
Timeout parameters apply to packets received from the ISDN line.
LAn
Timeout parameters apply to packets received from the LAN.
BOth
Timeout parameters apply to packets received from the interface

that has the most traffic, LAN or ISDN.
Default
Channel 1threshold 0, duration off, source lan

Channel 2threshold 48, duration off, source both
Command Mode
Profile mode
Usage Guidelines
If the set timeout command is configured to off, this command does not apply.
Example
The following example configures the router to disconnect the second channel if
the data rate from either the LAN or the ISDN line falls below 64 kbps for 60
seconds:
Host:2503> <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">timeout <EM&NBSP;STYLE="F
ONT-STYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">2 <B&NBSP;STYLE="FON
T-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">threshold <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">48 <B
&NBSP;STYLE="FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">duration <EM&NBSP;STYLE="FONTSTYLE:&NBSP;ITALIC;&NBSP;FONT-WEIGHT:&NBSP;NORMAL">60 <B&NBSP;STYLE="FONTWEIGHT:&NBSP;BOLD">source both
Related Command
set timeout
unset permanent
To disable permanent connections and restore the parameters in the System
profile, use the unset link permanent command.
UNSEt link PErmanent
Syntax Description
link
The link to which the parameter applies.
Default
Off
Command Mode
Profile mode
Related Commands
set permanent
show demand
Posted: Mon Dec 8 17:24:31 PST 2003
All contents are Copyright 1992--2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Important Notices
Cisco Frame Relay Configurations
By Jonathan Chin.
Sample Chapter is provided courtesy of Cisco Press.
Date: Apr 30, 2004.
Jonathan Chin dicussess basic Frame Relay operations on Cisco routers in a router-based Frame Relay
network. He also explains how to configure a basic frame relay network involving Cisco equipment and how
to perform basic monitoring and troubleshooting using relevant Cisco IOS show and debug commands.
Other Articles By Jonathan Chin.
The topics and questions that this chapter addresses include the following:
Enabling Frame Relay encapsulation
Configuring LMI type on a Frame Relay interface
Configuring static and dynamic DLCI to network layer address mapping
Configuring Frame Relay subinterfaces
Configuring point-to-point subinterfaces
Configuring multipoint subinterfaces
Configuring a Cisco router as a Frame Relay switch
Configuring Frame Relay switching using a local significance approach to DLCI assignment
Configuring Frame Relay switching using a global significance approach to DLCI assignment
Verifying Frame Relay connections with Cisco IOS show commands
Troubleshooting Frame Relay connections with IOS debug commands
After completing this chapter, readers will be able to perform the basic Frame Relay configuration
commands with the Cisco IOS software. Readers will be able to configure a basic Frame Relay network
involving Cisco equipment and to perform basic monitoring and troubleshooting using relevant Cisco IOS
show and debug commands.
Configuring Frame Relay

Frame Relay is configured on the Cisco router via the text-based Cisco IOS Command Line Interface (CLI).
This section looks at the configuration commands required to configure basic Frame Relay operation on a
Cisco router.
A basic setup involving the hardware configurations depicted in Figure 4-1 is used for this discussion and for
illustration purposes. In the later part of this chapter, additional hardware will be required to explain more
complex configuration tasks. In the setup used in this chapter, the Cisco routers are configured as Frame
Relay access devices, or data terminal equipment (DTE), connected directly to a dedicated Frame Relay
switch, or data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE). Note that Cisco routers can be configured to operate
similarly as a Frame Relay switch as well. The configuration tasks will be fully explained in a later section.
Figure 4-1 Frame Relay Hardware Configuration
NOTE
Different Cisco IOS software versions or releases may display slightly different outputs. To maintain
consistency of the Cisco IOS Software Version, IOS 12.2(1) release is loaded on all routers used in the
configuration examples of this chapter.
Example 4-1 displays the show output of the show version command on R1.
Example 4-1 IOS Version Loaded on the Lab Routers

R1#show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 7200 Software (C7200-JS-M), Version 12.2(1), RELEASE SOFTWARE
(fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-2001 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Thu 26-Apr-01 22:10 by cmong
Image text-base: 0x60008960, data-base: 0x616B0000
Cisco Frame Relay Configurations
By Jonathan Chin.
Sample Chapter is provided courtesy of Cisco Press.
Date: Apr 30, 2004.
Enabling Frame Relay Encapsulation

On a Cisco router, Frame Relay can be configured only on the supported interfaces; it's most commonly
supported on synchronous serial interfaces. A single Cisco IOS command is all that is required to enable
Frame Relay on the serial interface. The encapsulation frame-relay interface configuration command, as
follows, is used to enable Frame Relay encapsulation and to allow Frame Relay processing on the
supported interface.
To enable Frame Relay on a serial interface, follow the configuration steps listed below beginning in the
global configuration mode:
Step 1
Go into the interface configuration mode of the

interface on which you want to enable Frame
Relay.
Step 2
(optional) Configure Frame Relay encapsulation

to use either Cisco or IETF encapsulations. If
the encapsulation type is not specified, by

default Cisco encapsulation is used.
The no form of the encapsulation frame-relay command removes the Frame Relay encapsulation on the
interface, as shown in Example 4-2. On a serial interface, the no encapsulation frame-relay command
causes the interface to revert to the default High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) encapsulation. Moreover,
all preexisting Frame Relay configurations on the serial interface are automatically removed.
Example 4-2 Unconfiguring Frame Relay Encapsulation

R1#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#interface serial4/2
R1(config-if)#no encapsulation frame-relay
NOTE
Readers should note that Frame Relay can be configured only on certain supported interfaces, which
presently include synchronous serial interfaces, High Speed Serial Interfaces (HSSI), and packets over
SONET (POS) interfaces on the Cisco 12000 Series Gigabit Switch Router. It is not possible to configure
Frame Relay on specialized interfaces such as Ethernet or ATM. An error message is returned by the CLI
every time a user attempts to configure Frame Relay on nonsupported interfaces, as demonstrated in
Example 4-3. In this chapter, the term Frame Relay interface refers to a Frame Relay-enabled interface,
which can belong to any of the supported interfaces mentioned.
Example 4-3 Error Message Shown When Attempting to Configure Frame

Relay Encapsulation on Nonserial Interfaces
R1#config terminal
R1(config)#interface Ethernet1/0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
^
_% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Cisco supports two different Frame Relay encapsulation types. The default Frame Relay encapsulation
enabled on supported interfaces is the Cisco encapsulation. Cisco also supports the IETF Frame Relay
encapsulation type, which is in conformance with RFC 1490 and RFC 2427. RFC 2427 supercedes RFC
1490. Both RFC specifications define standards allowing multiple routed protocols to be carried over Frame
Relay. Readers can refer to http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2427.html and http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1490.html
for references on both RFCs.
In general, the IETF Frame Relay encapsulation should be used when connecting a Cisco router to nonCisco equipment across a Frame Relay network. The IETF Frame Relay encapsulation allows
interoperability between equipment from multiple vendors. Example 4-4 describes the steps for enabling
Frame Relay on a serial interface using the IETF encapsulation. The keyword ietf specifies IETF Frame
Relay encapsulation to be used on the serial interface. If the encapsulation frame-relay command is
entered without specifying the optional ietf keyword, the router defaults to using the Cisco encapsulation
type on that interface.
Example 4-4 Configuring Frame Relay IETF Encapsulation at the Interface

Level
R1#configure terminal
R1(config)#interface serial 4/2

R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ?
ietf Use RFC1490/RFC2427 encapsulation
<cr>
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf
NOTE
Both Cisco and IETF encapsulations for Frame Relay can be configured on a per-virtual-circuit (VC) basis.
This gives greater flexibility when configuring Frame Relay in a multivendor environment. A user can specify
the Frame Relay encapsulation types to be used on different virtual circuits configured under the same
physical interface.
Example 4-5 Configuring Frame Relay Cisco and IETF Encapsulation at the
DLCI Level
R1(config)#interface serial 4/2
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 102 broadcast ietf
R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 103 broadcast cisco
After enabling Frame Relay encapsulation on the interface, it might be necessary to perform a no shutdown
command at the interface level to bring up the interface if it was previously in the shutdown mode. Verify the
status of the Frame Relay interface with the show interface type slot/port privileged EXEC mode command.
When the Frame Relay interface is operational, the interface is in the Interface is up, line protocol is up
state. Both configuration changes and the associated command output are illustrated in Example 4-6.
Example 4-6 Bringing Up the Interface and Displaying the Configured

Frame Relay Encapsulation
R1(config)#inter serial4/2
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
02:46:09: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial4/2, changed state to up
02:46:10: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial4/2,
changed state to up
R1#sh
02:46:10: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by conso
R1#show interface serial 4/2
Serial4/2 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is M4T
Internet address is 172.16.1.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 2048 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY, crc 16, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
LMI enq sent 76, LMI stat recvd 78, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI up
LMI enq recvd 0, LMI stat sent 0, LMI upd sent 0
LMI DLCI 1023 LMI type is CISCO frame relay DTE
FR SVC disabled, LAPF state down
Broadcast queue 0/64, broadcasts sent/dropped 9/0, interface broadcasts
0
Last input 00:00:09, output 00:00:09, output hang never

Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:14:03
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1536 kilobits/sec
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
79 packets input, 1163 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
101 packets output, 1525 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 4 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
4 carrier transitions
DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
As shown in Example 4-6, the output of the show interface command also reveals the Frame Relay
encapsulation type configured on that interface. Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY in the output indicates that
Cisco Frame Relay encapsulation type is enabled. Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY IETF shows that IETF
Frame Relay encapsulation type is in use.
3. Configuring the LMI Type on a Frame Relay Interface | Next SectionPrevious Section

Cisco Router 3700series

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With on-board LAN/WAN connectivity, new high-density service modules, and

Two Integrated 10/100 LAN ports

Key features for the Cisco 3725 and 3745:

Two Integrated 10/100 LAN ports

Cisco Router Configuration Tutorial

Leinwand, Pinsky, and Culpepper. Cisco Router Configuration. Indianapolis,

1. What this document covers

1.1 Reasons for using the command-line

1.2 Document structure

2.2 Unprivileged and privileged modes

If you have just turned on the router, it will be completely unconfigured. If it is

3.1 Global configuration (config)

(Note: It is a good idea to name your routers with an organized

3.2 Configuring interfaces

Here is an example of configuring a serial port with an IP address:

Then to verify configuration:

may be correctly configured and

you should see an entry

describing RIP configuration.

3.4 Saving your configuration

Your configuration is now saved to non-volatile RAM (NVRAM). Issue the

3.5 Example configuration

4.1 Testing connectivity

4.2 debug commands

4.3 Hardware and physical connections

4.4 Out of your control

5. Case study (Under Construction)

Leinwand, Pinsky and Culpepper Cisco Router Configuration. Indianapolis,

Authored by Josh Gentry

networks. To suit this purpose, IP must define an addressing scheme, so that a

2. Reason for Subnetting

3. How Subnetting Works

Here's another: 10111001

3.2 Converting Decimal to Binary

you get the subnet mask 255.255.255.0.

3 bits are allocated. 2^3-2=6 subnets.

This host is on subnet 172.60.32.0.

The range of assignable IP addresses on the subnet 172.60.32.0 is 172.60.32.1172.60.63.254.

Authored by Josh Gentry

US for use in North America

NET3 for use in Europe

The features are indicated as follows:

So the example image named "c760-in.b-TPH.43-1.bin" is a Series 760 router

Administrative Configuration Options

Posted: Thu Jul 8 12:48:53 PDT 1999

System Management Commands

username Profile name.

System or profile mode

System or profile mode

The following example displays help for the call command:

Display a message when a channel is assigned a connection.

Log error messages that otherwise are not displayed, including

Display messages when Service Advertisement Protocol (SAP)

Display time and date of each logged event or message.

Enable logging for the LAN connection. Used with packets or

Display statistics on packet routing once per second. Number of

Display a one-character indicator of each packet sent on the

Provide the channel number (logs traffic on a channel before the

In conjunction with verbose, restrict the packet content display to

System or profile mode

> Host> 04/04/1996 04:19:26 L05 0 814159031604 Outgoing Call

To determine whether a system can be reached on any connected interface, use

ipaddress IP address of the target system.

System or profile mode