BIOCHEMISTRY TEST

Nura Malahayati
October, 21st 2013
Name:

NIM :

CELLS AND CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

1. What is the main differences between procaryotic and eucaryotic cells? (Point: 5)
2. Discuss reasons why water is so important for life. (Point: 5)
PROTEIN
Matching the question to the correct answer! (Point: 20)
Question
1. form between electronegative atom
(usually O, N, S) and a hydrogen atom
covalently bonded to another
electronegative atom (gives H a partial
+ charge)
2. breaking of weak bonds that maintain
native conformation of protein
3. C and N terminus on opposite sides
H bonds are parallel with each other
(not oblique)
4. regions of proteins folding into a
particular stereotypic pattern (a-helix,
b-sheet) maintained primarily by Hbonds
5. primary structure because it dictates
the location of groups available to
participate in hydrophobic interactions,
H-bonds, cystine bridges, and ionic
interactions
6. 1) rigid and planar; only some rotation
around non-double bonds
2) partial double bond character
(electron from NH group gets pulled
towards electronegative O)
7. 10 kcal/mol

8. 1) breaking of peptide bonds

2) loss of primary structure
3) reversibility
9. interactions between amino acid side
chains, or between side chains and

Answer
A. Tertiary structure is
determined by...

B. Denaturation does not

involve the following
C. Characteristics of peptide
bond
D. What (in general terms)
helps orchestrate 3D
protein folding?
E. Hydrogen bonds

F. Secondary structure of
fibroin (silk)

G. Secondary structure of
protein and what it's
maintained by
H. Anti-parallel -sheet

I. Denaturation

Correct
Match

solvent
10. -sheet

J. Ionic interactions: energy

required to disrupt
Choose the Correct Answer for the Following Question (Point: 10)
All of the following are types of secondary structures EXCEPT
1. -helix
2. -sheet
3. Bend or turn
4. domain
Using the USDA Food Pyramid suggestion that 20 percent of calories come from protein, a
person who needs 2500 calories per day should eat how many grams of protein each day?
1. 52
2. 78
3. 125
4. 165
Which amino acid is NOT an essential amino acid?
1. Lysine
2. Methionine
3. Aspartic acid
4. Tryptophan
Prosthetic groups of proteins are:
1. Proteins with co-factors
2. Protein portions of holoenzymes
3. Tightly bound substances that dont dissociate
4. Derivatives of vitamins only
Which of the following statements best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?
1. 1.The 3-D conformation of a multisubunit protein, compose of a number of subunits
joined by noncovalent interactions
2. Local regions of polypeptide chains that have a regular conformation, which is
stabilized by hydrogen bonds
3. The total 3-D conformation of an entire polypeptide chain including a-helices, bsheets and any other loops or bends.
4. The linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

Indicate the Type of Structure as (Point: 5)

(1) Primary
(3) -pleated sheet
A.
B.
C.
D.

(2) -helix
(4) Triple helix

Polypeptide chain held side by side by H bonds

Sequence of amino acids in polipeptide chain
Corkscrew shape with H bonds between amino acids
Three peptide chains woven like a rope

(
(
(
(

)
)
)
)

Select the Type of Tertiary Interaction as (Point: 5)

(1) Disulfide
(3) H bonds
(A) Leusine and valine
(B) Two cysteines
(C) Aspartic acid and lysine
(D) Serine and threonine

(2) Ionic
(4) Hydrophobic
(
(
(
(

)
)
)
)

Identify the Level of Protein Structure (Point: 5)

(2) Primary
(4) Tertiary

(2) Secondary
(4) Quartenary

(A) -pleated sheet

(B) Order of amino acids in a protein
(C) A protein with two or more peptide chains
(D) The shape of a globular protein

(
(
(
(

)
)
)
)

Solve the problem below (Point: 5)

If a typical amino acid has an average molecular weight of 120 daltons, how many amino
acids are found in a protein with a molecular weight 50 000 daltons? (Assume each amino
acid would loss a mass of 20 daltons as it became part of the polypeptide chain; this is
because a water molecule is lost during peptide bond formation).
Answer:

ENZYME
Choose the Correct Answer for the Following Question (Point: 40)
Which of the following statements about enzymes or their function is true?
a)
b)
c)
d)

Enzymes do not alter the overall change in free energy for a reaction
Enzymes are proteins whose three-dimensional form is key to their function
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy
All of the above

In the enzyme-catalyzed reaction shown below, what will be the effect on substances A, B,
C, and D of inactivating the enzyme labeled E2?
A ---(E1)---> B ---(E2)---> C ---(E3)--->
a) A, B, C, and D will all still be produced
b) A, B, and C will still be produced, but not D
c) A and B will still be produced, but not C or D
d) A will still be produced, but not B, C, or D
An allosteric enzyme
a) Is an enzyme molecule that is denatured too quickly
b) Possesses more than one active site
c) Is an enzyme molecule that binds with inhibitors only when present
d) Is an enzyme that changes shape to fit the substrate
e) Speeds up chemical reactions
Fill in the blanks: Enzymes __________________ the free energies of reactants/products
therefore ___________________ the equilibrium of the reaction.
a) Change/creating
b) Change/ increasing
c) Does not change/does not change
d) Does not change/changing
e) Increase/decreasing
Enzymes act as
a) Protein molecules
b) Reaction stimulators
c) Precursor molecules
d) Binding site for substrates
e) Biological catalysts
Group specificity of enzymes is where the enzyme molecules will perform only with
molecules that possess specific functional groups. Examples of such molecules are
a) Phosphate groups
b) Amino groups
c) Methyl groups
d) All of the above
e) None of the above

The interactions between the active site and the substrate are
a) Hydrogen bonding
b) Van Der Waals forces
c) Hydrophobic interactions
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
Which of the following enzymes would digest a fat?
a) Sucrase
c) Fatase
b) protease
d) lipase
Which of the following statements about allosteric enzymes is CORRECT?
a) The binding of substrate to any active site affects the other active sites
b) The plot of initial velocity vs. substrate concentration is a straight line
c) The Keq of the reaction is increased when allosteric activator is bound
d) The enzymes contains only one polypeptide chain
e) Allosteric activators bind to all active sites equally
Enzymes catalyze reactions by
a) Increasing the free energy of the system so that the change in free energy is positive
b) Increasing the free energy of the substrate so that it is greater than the free energy of
the product
c) Changing the equilibrium constant for the reaction
d) Decreasing the free energy of activation (V)
e) Decreasing the free energy of the product so that it is less than the free energy of the
substrate
The following enzyme reaction is catalyzed by Acetyl CoA Carboxylase during fatty acid
synthesis: Acetyl CoA + CO2 + ATP Malonyl CoA + AMP + Pi
This enzyme is most appropriately called a(n):
a) Oxidoreductase
b) Transferase
c) Hydrolase
d) Lyase
e) Ligase
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)
a) Coenzyme
b) Substrate
c) Vitamin
d) Polypeptide
The effect of temperature on the relative rate of action of an enzyme is represented in the
graph below.

The optimum temperature for the action of this enzyme is approximately

a) 15 C
b) 37 C

c) 22
d) 50 C

Which statement best describes the enzyme represented in the graphs below?

a)
b)
c)
d)

This enzyme works best at a temperature of 35 C and a pH of 8.

This enzyme works best at a temperature of 50 C and a pH of 12.
Temperature and pH have no influence on the activity of this enzyme.
This enzyme works best at a temperature above 50 C and a pH above 12

At about 0 C., most enzymes are

a) inactive
b) active
b) destroyed
d) replicated
The diagram below represents three steps in the hydrolysis of a molecule of sucrose.

In this diagram, structure X is most likely

a) a molecule of oxygen
c) an organic catalyst

b) the end product

d) the substrate

Which environmental condition would most likely have the LEAST effect on the rate of
enzyme controlled hydrolytic reactions in humans?
a) the pH of the solution
c) the temperature of the solution
b) the amount of enzyme present
d) the amount of light present
Vitamins are essential to the survival of organisms because vitamins usually function as
a) substrates
b) nucleic acids
c) coenzymes
d) nucleotides
A certain enzyme will hydrolyze egg white but not starch. Which statement best explains this
observation?
a) Starch molecules are too large to be hydrolyzed.
b) Enzyme molecules are specific in their actions.
c) Egg white acts as a coenzyme for hydrolysis
d) Starch is composed of amino acids.
An enzyme that hydrolyzes protein will not act upon starch. This fact is an indication that
enzymes are: a) hydrolytic
b) specific
c) catalytic
d) synthetic