Ministry of Defence

Defence Standard 02-747 (NES 747)

Issue 1 Publication Date 01 April 2000

Requirements For Nickel Aluminium

Bronze Castings And Ingots
Part 1
Nickel Aluminium Bronze
Naval Alloy Centrifugally Cast

Incorporating NES 747 Part 1 Category 2

Issue 4 Publication Date October 1999

AMENDMENT RECORD
Amd No

Date

Text Affected

REVISION NOTE
This standard is raised to Issue 1 to update its content.
HISTORICAL RECORD
This standard supersedes the following:
Naval Engineering Standard (NES) 747 Part 1 Issue 4 dated October 1999.

Signature and Date

Ministry of Defence
Naval Engineering Standard
CATEGORY 2

NES 747

Part 1

Issue 4

October 1999

REQUIREMENTS FOR NICKEL ALUMINIUM BRONZE

CASTINGS AND INGOTS

PART 1

NICKEL ALUMINIUM BRONZE NAVAL ALLOY

CENTRIFUGALLY CAST

CROWN COPYRIGHT 1999

This NES Supersedes

NES 747 PART 1 ISSUE 1
NES 747 PART 1 ISSUE 2
NES 747 PART 1 ISSUE 3

Record of Amendments
AMDT
1
2
3
4
5

INSERTED BY

DATE

NAVAL ENGINEERING STANDARD 747

REQUIREMENTS FOR NICKEL ALUMINIUM BRONZE

CASTINGS AND INGOTS

PART 1 ISSUE 4 OCTOBER 1999

NICKEL ALUMINIUM BRONZE NAVAL ALLOY

CENTRIFUGALLY CAST

This Naval Engineering Standard

is authorized for use in MOD contracts
by the Defence Procurement Agency
and the Defence Logistics Organization

Published by:
Sea Technology Group,
Defence Procurement Agency,
STGSA,
Ash 0, #95,
MOD Abbey Wood,
Bristol BS34 8JH
(i)

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999

(ii)

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
SCOPE
1.

This NES states the requirements for the physical characteristics, test methods and
acceptance standards of centrifugally cast nickel aluminium bronze naval alloy from ingots
and approved certified scrap.

(iii)

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999

(iv)

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
FOREWORD
Sponsorship
1.
2.

This Naval Engineering Standard (NES) is sponsored by the Defence Procurement Agency,
Ministry of Defence (MOD).
The complete NES 747 comprises:
Requirements for Nickel Aluminium Bronze (NAB) Castings and Ingots
Part 1:
Nickel Aluminium Bronze Naval Alloy Centrifugally Cast
Part 2:
Nickel Aluminium Bronze Naval Alloy Ingots and Sand Castings with
Welding Permitted to the Wetted Surface
Part 3:
Nickel Aluminium Bronze Commercial Alloy Sand Castings and Ingots
Part 4:

3.

4.
5.
6.
7.

8.

Nickel Aluminium Bronze Naval Alloy Sand Castings with Welding

Restricted to the NonWetted Surface (Class I and II Castings only)
Part 5:
The Design and Manufacture of Nickel Aluminium Bronze Sand Castings
Any user of this NES either within MOD or in industry may propose an amendment to it.
Proposals for amendments that are not directly applicable to a particular contract are to be
made to the publishing authority identified on Page (i), and those directly applicable to a
particular contract are to be dealt with using contract procedures.
If it is found to be unsuitable for any particular requirement MOD is to be informed in writing
of the circumstances.
No alteration is to be made to this NES except by the issue of an authorized amendment.
Unless otherwise stated, reference in this NES to approval, approved, authorized and similar
terms, means by the MOD in writing.
Any significant amendments that may be made to this NES at a later date will be indicated
by a vertical sideline. Deletions will be indicated by 000 appearing at the end of the line
interval.
This NES has been reissued to reflect changes in Departmental Nomenclature due to the
MOD reorganization and the changes in related documents.

Conditions of Release
General
9.

This Naval Engineering Standard (NES) has been devised solely for the use of the MOD, and
its contractors in the execution of contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the
MOD hereby excludes all liability whatsoever and howsoever arising (including but without
limitation, libability resulting from negligence) for any loss or damage however caused when
the NES is used for any other purpose.

10.

This document is Crown Copyright and the information herein may be subject to Crown or
third party rights. It is not to be released, reproduced or published without written permission
of the MOD
The Crown reserves the right to amend or modify the contents of this NES without consulting
or informing any holder.

11.

MOD Tender or Contract Process

12.

13.

This NES is the property of the Crown. Unless otherwise authorized in writing by the MOD
must be returned on completion of the contract, or submission of the tender, in connection
with which it is issued.
When this NES is used in connection with a MOD tender or contract, the user is to ensure that
he is in possession of the appropriate version of each document, including related documents,
relevant to each particular tender or contract. Enquiries in this connection may be made to
the authority named in the tender or contract.

(v)

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
14.

When NES are incorporated into MOD contracts, users are responsible for their correct
application and for complying with contractual and other statutory requirements.
Compliance with an NES does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Categories of NES
15.

The Category of this NES has been determined using the following criteria:
a.

Category 1. If not applied may have a Critical affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.
Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.

b.

Category 2. If not applied may have a Significant affect on the following:

Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.
Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.
Through life costs and support.

c.

Category 3. If not applied may have a Minor affect on the following:

MOD best practice and fleet commonality.
Corporate experience and knowledge.
Current support practice.

Related Documents
16.

In the tender and procurement processes the related documents listed in each section and
Annex A can be obtained as follows:
a.

British Standards

British Standards Institution,

389 Chiswick High Road,
London, W4 4AL

b.

Defence Standards

Directorate of Standardization, Stan 1,

Kentigern House, 65 Brown Street,
Glasgow, G2 8EX.

c.

Naval Engineering Standards

CSE3a, CSE Llangennech, Llanelli, Dyfed,

SA14 8YP.

d.

Other documents

Tender or Contract Sponsor to advise.

17.

All applications to the MOD for related documents are to quote the relevant MOD Invitation
to Tender or Contract number and date, together with the sponsoring Directorate and the
Tender or Contract Sponsor.

18.

Prime Contractors are responsible for supplying their subcontractors with relevant
documentation, including specifications, standards and drawings.

Health and Safety

Warning
19.

This NES may call for the use of processes, substances and/or procedures that are injurious
to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and in
no way absolves either the supplier or the user from statutory obligations relating to health
and safety at any stage of manufacture or use. Where attention is drawn to hazards, those
quoted may not necessarily be exhaustive.

20.

This NES has been written and is to be used taking into account the policy stipulated in JSP
430: MOD Ship Safety Management System Handbook.

Additional Information
21.

(There is no relevant information included.)

(vi)

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
CONTENTS
Page No
TITLE PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(i)

SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii)

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(v)

Sponsorship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(v)

Conditions of Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(v)

Categories of NES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(vi)

Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(vi)

Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(vi)

Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(vi)

CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(vii)

SECTION

1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3

1.
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
Table 1.1
1.2.3
1.2.4
Table 1.2
1.2.5
1.3
Table 1.3
1.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.4.4
1.4.5
1.4.6
1.4.7
1.4.8
1.5
1.5.1
1.5.1.1
1.5.1.2
1.5.1.3
1.5.2
1.5.2.1

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . .
Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ingots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ingot Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemical Composition of Ingots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Casting Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemical Composition of Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quality of Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mechanical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Defects and Rectification of Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rectification of Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rectification of Dimensional Defects by
Weld Deposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rectification of Surface Defects by Blending . . . . .
Rectification of Surface and Sub-surface Defects
by Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Limits of Combined Weld Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Impregnation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Destructive Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mechanical Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-Destructive Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dimensional Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(vii)

1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
1.5.2.2
1.5.2.3
1.5.2.4
1.5.2.5
1.5.2.6

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5

1.5.2.7
1.5.2.8

Visual-Optical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquid-Penetrant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiography/Ultrasonic Examination . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiographic Examination of Non-Designated
Regions on a Sample Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION

2.

NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS

2.1

SECTION

3.
3.1
3.1.1
3.1.1.1
3.1.1.2
3.1.1.3
3.1.2
3.1.2.1
3.1.2.2
3.1.2.3
3.1.2.4
3.1.2.5
3.1.2.6
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.4

MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS . . . .
Acceptance Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Destructive Examination Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mechanical Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-Destructive Examination Standards . . . . . . . .
Dimensional Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Visual-Optical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquid-Penetrant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ultrasonics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quality Assurance Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ingots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Identification of Ingots and Castings . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ingots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.3

SECTION

4.

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE . . . . . . .

4.1

SECTION

5.

CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGE .

5.1

ANNEX A.

RELATED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A.1

ANNEX B.

ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . .

B.1

ANNEX C.

PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C.1

1.6
1.6
1.6

ALPHABETICAL INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INDEX.1

(viii)

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
1.

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
Related Documents: BS 375, BS EN 1976, BS EN 1978, BS 6208, BS EN 100021, DEF
STAN 031, NES 729 Parts 1, 4 & 5, NES 771, NES 863; see also Annex A.

1.1

Classification
a.

The classification of castings is to be in accordance with NES 863.

1.2

Physical Characteristics

1.2.1

Ingots
a.

For centrifugal casting stock is to be cast from virgin metals as follows:

(1)

Nickel that complies with the chemical composition requirements of

BS 375: Grade R99.9.

(2)

Iron that is of high purity, 99.5% w/w with a carbon content not exceeding
0.05% w/w.

NOTE

1.2.2

Swedish-Iron Nails have been found to meet the required purity.

(3)

Aluminium commercial very pure, Grade 99.90% w/w.

(4)

Copper that complies with either BS EN 1976 (designation CuETP) or

BS EN 1978 (designation CuCATH2)

(5)

Manganese high purity electrolytic grade.

Ingot Analysis
a.

Ingot Analysis is to conform to the chemical composition in Table 1.1.

Per Cent By Weight

Not Less Than
Not More Than

Element
Aluminium

8.9

9.6

Iron*

4.0

5.0

Nickel*

4.5

5.5

Manganese

1.0

1.4

Copper (by difference)

Remainder

Impurities
Zinc

0.05

Lead

0.01

Tin

0.05

Silicon

0.05

Magnesium

0.05

Chromium

0.01

0.20

Total Impurities

*Nickel content is to be greater than the iron content.

Table 1.1 Chemical Composition of Ingots

1.1

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
1.2.3

Castings
a.

Castings are to be supplied in the As Cast condition and made from ingots and
approved scrap complying with the definition given in Annex B.

NOTE

Contamination by graphite can be prevented by coating crucibles and

ladles with an alumina wash. The product Alumina Cement Pure Grade
961, marketed by Morgan Matroc Ltd., Rugby, Warwickshire, or
equivalent, has been found suitable.
All ingots used are to be stamped, embossed or have a label affixed with
a unique cast number. Any ingots, on which the stamping or embossing
is illegible, or the label has been removed/fallen off, or is illegible, are not
to be used.

1.2.4

Casting Analysis
a.

Casting Analysis is to conform to the chemical composition in Table 1.2.

Per Cent By Weight

Not Less Than
Not More Than

Element
Aluminium

8.9

9.5

Iron*

4.0

5.0

Nickel*

4.5

5.5

Manganese

0.75

1.3

Copper (by difference)

Remainder

Impurities
Zinc

0.05

Lead

0.01

Tin

0.05

Silicon

0.10

Magnesium

0.05

Chromium

0.01

0.25

Total Impurities

*Nickel content is to be greater than the iron content.

Table 1.2 Chemical Composition of Castings

1.2.5

Quality of Material
a.

Only the manufacturers own approved scrap complying with the definition
given in Annex B may be included in the cast. No other scrap is permitted.
Following acceptance of the analysis from the melt no further additions are
permitted prior to pouring into the mould.

1.2

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
1.3

Mechanical Properties
a.

At room temperature the mechanical properties from nominated test pieces as

specified in Clause 1.5.1.2a. are to be as detailed in Table 1.3.

Tensile Strength

0.2% Proof Stress

(N/mm2)

(N/mm2)

Elongation On
5.65 S o
Gauge Length
(Per Cent)

600

230

15

Table 1.3 Properties

1.4

Defects and Rectification of Defects

1.4.1

Defects
a.

1.4.2

1.4.3

Any casting may be rejected for defects discovered during subsequent

machining notwithstanding that the casting had been passed previously as
conforming to this NES.

Rectification of Defects
a.

The rectification of surface and sub-surface defects by welding is not permitted

on Class I and II centrifugal castings manufactured in accordance with this
NES.

b.

Weld repair of Class III castings is to be in accordance with NES 771 and is to
be within the following limits of this NES.

Rectification of Dimensional Defects by Weld Deposition

a.

b.

Correction of casting dimensions, machining errors and repair of surface

defects may be made by weld deposition using an approved procedure for the
material concerned in accordance with NES 771 and is to be within the
following limits:
(1)

Weld deposition thickness to be restricted to 20% of contract drawing

section thickness from 12mm to 50mm and to 10mm above 50mm section
thickness.

(2)

Area of weld deposition in non-designated regions is to be restricted to

20% of the non-wetted surface area of the region not including flange
thickness and webs, subject to any limitations imposed by Clause 1.4.6a.

Weld build-up exceeding the tolerance on contract drawing section thickness is

to be a reason for rejection.

NOTE

Blending out of surface defects is preferable to weld repair whenever

possible.

1.3

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
1.4.4

1.4.5

Rectification of Surface Defects by Blending

a.

Unacceptable surface defects may be blended out by an approved process,

providing the resulting depression does not reduce the contract drawing section
thickness by more than 5mm for section thickness over 50mm, or 10% of section
thicknesses up to and including 50mm. The depression sides and ends are to be
smoothly blended out by a minimum radius of three times the maximum depth
of blending and the edge formed with the surface is also to be faired smooth. The
remaining section thickness in way of the depression is to be free from
sub-surface defects as revealed by radiography or ultrasonics, in Critical Test
Regions and Test Regions. The total area subjected to blending, including the
area affected by the fairing, is not to exceed 10% of any designated region or 20%
of any non-designated region.

b.

Rectification by blending is not permitted where this encroaches on any bearing

or sealing surface.

Rectification of Surface and Sub-surface Defects by Welding

a.

Unacceptable surface defects which cannot be blended out within the

limitations of Clause 1.4.4a. and unacceptable sub-surface defects may be
repaired by welding using an approved procedure for the material concerned in
accordance with NES 771 and within the following limits:
(1)

1.4.6

Limits of Combined Weld Repairs

a.

The total combined area of weld repairs from all causes, eg dimensional
correction, surface and sub-surface defects is to be within the following limits:
(1)

1.4.7

The total weld repair area of class III castings is not to exceed 20% of the
surface area of the casting excluding flange thickness and webs.

Impregnation
a.

1.4.8

Area of excavation in non-designated regions is to be restricted to 20% of

the inner or outer surface area of the region, not including flange
thicknesses and webs, subject to any limitations imposed by Clause
1.4.6a.

Impregnation will not be accepted as a recovery procedure for Class I or II

centrifugal castings. Impregnation is a recognized recovery procedure for Class
III castings in accordance with Def Stan 031.
(1)

Class III casting may be impregnated with the approval of the Project
Manager.

(2)

The area of leakage necessitating remedial action does not exceed 10% of
the total area pressure tested in non-designated regions in Class III
castings.

Special Repairs
a.

Where the repairs necessary to meet the acceptance standards are more
extensive than are permitted by this specification and if it is considered that
effective economical repair is possible the Contractor may submit repair
proposals in accordance with NES 771 to the Project Manager for decision.

1.5

Test Methods

1.5.1

Destructive Tests

1.5.1.1

Analysis
a.

In addition to the normal melt control analysis, a full chemical analysis is to be

made from a sample piece taken from each cast for ingots and for castings.

1.4

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
1.5.1.2

Mechanical Tests
a.

1.5.1.3

Retests
a.

1.5.2

1.5.2.4

All castings are to be 100% visually inspected, assisted where necessary by the
use of 5 magnification optics. All imperfections are to be identified and
recorded.

Liquid-Penetrant
a.

It is recommended that a 100% liquid penetrant examination, in accordance

with NES 729 Part 4, is carried out on all Class I and Class II castings before
any machining operations are commenced to prevent nugatory work.

b.

Where practicable, a 100% liquid penetrant inspection is to be undertaken on

all surfaces of Class I and Class II castings with the surfaces examined in their
finished condition.

Radiography/Ultrasonic Examination
a.

1.5.2.5

All castings are to be fully dimensionally checked.

Visual-Optical
a.

1.5.2.3

Reference diagrams according to NES 863 are to be provided by the purchaser

for all Class I and Class II castings to show Critical Test Regions and Test
Regions which are to be subjected to non-destructive testing (NDT).

Dimensional Check
a.

1.5.2.2

Should any of the original test specimens fail to meet acceptance standards, two
further specimens from the same test piece are to be broken in accordance with
BS EN 100021.

Non-Destructive Tests
a.

1.5.2.1

Tensile tests in accordance with BS EN 100021 are to be made on a test sample

taken from integrally cast material. The size, location and directionality of the
test pieces are to be agreed between the Project Manager and the founder. Three
tensile-test specimens are advised, to enable retests in the event of failure of the
initial test specimen. Where the casting is of such a configuration that test
pieces cannot be accommodated as an integral part of the casting, a separately
centrifugally cast test piece from the same melt as the casting(s) it represents,
is to be used for production of the cast test bars.

The manufacturer is to subject Critical Test Regions and Test Regions to either
100% radiographic or 100% ultrasonic examination.

Radiography
a.

Radiography is to be carried out in compliance with NES 729 Part 1. All

sub-surface imperfections are to be identified for subsequent assessment in
accordance with the acceptance standards.

1.5

NES 747 Part 1

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1.5.2.6

Radiographic Examination of Non-Designated Regions on a Sample Basis

a.

1.5.2.7

In certain circumstances examination by radiography on a sample basis may be

specified by contract or drawings to establish that a satisfactory general quality
of product is being supplied. Typical examples are:
(1)

Lowly stressed Class II castings.

(2)

Sample positions on large Class II or Class III castings.

(3)

Batch supply of Class III castings.

Ultrasonic Examination
a.

Ultrasonic examination is to be carried out in compliance with NES 729 Part 5.

All sub-surface imperfections are to be identified for subsequent assessment in
accordance with the acceptance standards. Where ultrasonic examination is
used the assessment of the casting is to be confirmed by radiography of selected
areas. A minimum of 10% of the total area examined by ultrasonics is to be
radiographed.

NOTE

1.5.2.8

The grain structure of cast nickel aluminium bronze may preclude

inspection by ultrasonics. The suitability for ultrasonic inspection is to be
assessed in accordance with BS 6208 Clauses 9.2 and 9.3.

Pressure Tests
a.

When stated in the contract the castings are to be subjected to the specified
water-pressure test for a period of 15 minutes. Certain castings may require
longer periods of pressure testing. When necessary this will be specified in the
contract.

1.6

NES 747 Part 1

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2.

NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS
This NES contains no National/International Regulations information.

2.1

NES 747 Part 1

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2.2

NES 747 Part 1

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October 1999
3.

MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS
Related Documents: NES 747 Part 1, NES 863 Part 1; see also Annex A.

3.1

Acceptance Standards

3.1.1

Destructive Examination Standards

3.1.1.1

Analysis
a.

3.1.1.2

(1)

Table 1.1 for ingots.

(2)

Table 1.2 for castings.

Mechanical Tests
a.

3.1.1.3

Each chemical analysis is to comply with:

Each tensile test result is to conform to Table 1.3 of this NES.

Retests
a.

Both tensile test results are to conform to Table 1.3 of this NES.

3.1.2

Non-Destructive Examination Standards

3.1.2.1

Dimensional Check
a.

3.1.2.2

Dimensions are to comply with the component drawing, and requirements of

NES 863.

Visual-Optical
a.

On visual-optical inspection (Clause 1.5.2.2a.) the finished condition of all

surfaces is to be clean and free from cracks or linear defects. Rounded forms of
surface defects are unacceptable in Critical Test Regions and Test Regions but
may be acceptable in Non-Designated Regions at the discretion of the Project
Manager.

NOTE
b.
3.1.2.3

Defects are deemed to be rounded when the aspect ratio of length to width
is 3:1 or less.

The surface finish is to meet the standard specified in the contract documents
and drawings.

Liquid-Penetrant
a.

Indications of cracks, hot tears or chain-like porosity and surface oxide

inclusions in linear formations are not acceptable.

b.

Indications arising from porosity and surface oxide inclusions in non-linear

formations are to be assessed as follows:
(1)

Isolated pinpoint porosity (minimum separation 50mm) is acceptable

except in areas where sealing of a housing against a running shaft is
required, eg pump glands, propeller shaft seals etc, and in flexible
couplings.

(2)

Clustered pinpoint porosity and other defects are acceptable provided

that: The maximum size of any indication is not to exceed 3mm diameter
bleed out and the sum of the diameters of all indications in an area of 70
70mm does not exceed 24mm.

3.1

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
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NOTE

c.

3.1.2.4

b.

Cracks, hot tears and cold shuts are not acceptable in any area of the castings.
Internal porosity and shrinkage are acceptable where;
(1)

the local reduction in wall thickness does not exceed 5% of the designed
wall thickness in Critical Test Regions and 10% in Test Regions,

(2)

the total defective area does not exceed 10% of each Critical Test Region
and 20% of each Test Region containing the defect.

Where sample inspection is carried out in accordance with Clause 1.5.2.6a. the
cumulative local reduction in section thickness resulting from sub-surface
defects at any position is not to exceed 20% of the contract drawing section
thickness. The total defective area is not to exceed 20% of the total area of the
casting examined.

Ultrasonics
a.

3.1.2.6

There may be instances where machined surfaces of castings manufactured to

this NES require more stringent acceptance standards than those in
Clauses 3.1.2.3a. and 3.1.2.3b. eg in way of a wetted seal area. Where necessary
this requirement is to be clearly stated in the contract documents and is to be
the subject of discussion between the purchaser and the contractor prior to
manufacture of the castings.

Radiography
a.

3.1.2.5

The indications identified in Clause 3.1.2.3b.(1) and 3.1.2.3b.(2) are

acceptable providing that the immediate area of the castings is acceptable
when examined for sub-surface defects.

Any defect that causes a signal greater than or equal to the signal produced by
the approved calibration standard is to be deemed unacceptable and the casting
rejected. Where the backwall echo is attenuated by 40% or greater, the
examination by ultrasonics is unacceptable and radiography in accordance with
Clause 1.5.2.5a. is to be employed.

Pressure Tests
a.

Each casting is to show no evidence of leakage.

3.2

Quality Assurance Documentation

3.2.1

Ingots
a.

3.2.2

Each consignment of ingots is to be accompanied by Quality Assurance

Documentation providing the results of the melt control analysis and the results
of analysis of a sample piece taken from an ingot within the batch.

Castings
a.

Each consignment of castings is to be accompanied by Quality Assurance

Documentation giving the actual results of the tests required in Clause 1.5
together with a certificate of compliance with the acceptance standards detailed
in Clause 3.1.

3.3

Identification of Ingots and Castings

3.3.1

Ingots
a.

Each ingot is to be marked with the legend NAB stamped or embossed in easily
discernible letters. Each ingot is also to be marked with a unique cast number
which can be stamped or embossed in easily discernible letters, or an indelibly
marked self adhesive label is to be affixed; the unique cast number is to
positively identify the ingot to its quality assurance documentation.

3.2

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
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3.3.2

Castings
a.

3.4

Each casting is to be clearly identifiable during manufacture and be

permanently marked for identification during service life with the following
details:
(1)

Pattern or Ships Identity Number plus NES 747 Part 1.

(2)

Class of casting, ie CI, CII, CIII (see NES 863 Part 1).

(3)

The legend NABCC.

(4)

A unique cast Number that will relate the casting to its Quality Assurance
Documentation.

b.

The markings detailed in Clause 3.3.2a. are to be stamped, engraved or

vibro-etched in the position indicated on the drawing. Markings are to be as
conspicuous as the nature of the casting allows and provision is to be made for
transferring identification markings during manufacture such that traceability
is maintained throughout the service life of a casting. The markings are not to
be made on the highly stressed regions, eg Critical Test Regions of the casting.

c.

Where difficulty is experienced in satisfactorily applying identification symbols,

this is to be resolved by consulting the Project Manager.

Packaging
a.

Except where otherwise stated in the contract, packaging is to be in accordance

with the contractors normal practice subject to the affixing of a trade warning
label and the addition of the following identification details on each package or
case:
(1)

Description of castings.

(2)

Quantity.

(3)

Contract Number.

3.3

NES 747 Part 1

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3.4

NES 747 Part 1

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4.

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE
This NES contains no Design Requirements/Guidance information.

4.1

NES 747 Part 1

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4.2

NES 747 Part 1

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October 1999
5.

CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGE

This NES contains no Corporate Experience & Knowledge information.

5.1

NES 747 Part 1

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5.2

NES 747 Part 1

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ANNEX A.
RELATED DOCUMENTS
A1.

The following documents and publications are referred to in this NES:

BS 375

Specification for Refined Nickel

BS 6208
BS EN 1976

Method for Ultrasonic Testing of Ferritic Steel Castings

including Quality Levels
Copper and Copper Alloys. Cast Unwrought Copper Products

BS EN 1978

Copper and Copper Alloys. Copper Cathodes

BS EN 100021

Tensile Testing of Metallic Materials

Method of Test at Ambient Temperature

DEF STAN 031

Impregnation of Porous Castings

NES 729

Requirements for Non-Destructive Examination Methods:

Part 1: Radiographic
Part 4: Liquid Penetrant
Part 5: Ultrasonic

NES 771
NES 863

Requirements Procedure and Inspection for Weld Repairs of

Copper Alloy and Nickel Alloy Castings
Requirements for the Classification, Dimensions, Tolerances and
General Acceptance Standards for Copper and Nickel Alloy
Castings

A.1

ANNEX A

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
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ANNEX A

A.2

NES 747 Part 1

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ANNEX B.
ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS
B1.

B2.

For the purpose of this NES the following abbreviations apply:

DPA

Defence Procurement Agency

DLO

Defence Logistics Organization

For the purpose of this NES the following definitions apply:

Approved Scrap

Scrap that is derived from nickel aluminium bronze, the

composition of which has been established with regard to
the complete range of both the alloying elements and
impurity elements and is segregated and identifiable to the
satisfaction of the MOD/Acceptance Authority.

Cast

A cast is:
the product of one furnace melt; or
the product of one crucible melt; or
the product of a number of furnace
or crucible melts where such are
aggregated and mixed prior to
sampling.

Centrifugal castings

Centrifugal castings are made by introducing the alloy in a

molten state into a mould which is rotated to ensure filling
and kept rotating while the alloy solidifies.

Contractor

The Firm, Company, Organization or Establishment

working within the scope of this NES.
A mass of metal of proportions to suit the Founders
requirements.
Any circular bleed out of less than 0.5mm diameter revealed
during liquid penetrant examination in accordance with
NES 729 Part 4.

Ingot
Pinpoint porosity

Project Manager

The Section within the DPA or DLO, acting on behalf of the

Secretary of State for Defence. The Project Manager should
be specified in the Contract, but where not known by the
contractor, enquiries are to be forwarded to DNA Section
NA115 Abbey Wood, Bristol. For subcontractors, the
Project Manager may be the Prime Contractor.

So

The cross-section area of the gauge in a tensile testpiece,

before testing, as detailed in BS EN 10002.

B.1

ANNEX B

NES 747 Part 1

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ANNEX B

B.2

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
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ANNEX C.
PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST
Notes:
C.1
This Check List is to ensure that certain aspects of this Naval Engineering
Standard are consulted when preparing a Procurement Specification for a
particular application.
application
C.2
Clauses where a preference for an option is to be used or where specific data is
to be added are included in the Check List.
C.3
Each item is to be marked either:
!

= included

NA

= not applicable

CHECK
CHECK
No
1
Tensile test piece requirements.

CLAUSE No

p or NA

1.5.1.2a.

Pressure tests

1.5.2.8a.

Radiography on a sample basis.

1.5.2.6a.

Surface finish requirements.

3.1.2.2b.

Isolated pinpoint porosity unacceptable.

3.1.2.3b.(1)

Liquid penetrant acceptance standards.

3.1.2.3c.

Packaging requirements.

3.4a.

C.1

ANNEX C

NES 747 Part 1

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ANNEX C

C.2

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999
ALPHABETICAL INDEX
(Note: Page numbers are given)

A
Acceptance standards, 3.1
Alumina wash, 1.2

L
Liquid penetrant, 1.5, 3.1

M
Manufacturers approved scrap, 1.2, B.1
Mechanical properties, 1.3
Mechanical tests, 1.5, 3.1

Analysis, 3.1

Nondestructive examination standards, 3.1

Nondestructive test, 1.5

Casting analysis, 1.2

Castings, 1.2

Optical inspection, 1.5, 3.1

Chemical analysis, 3.1

Cold shuts, 3.2
Contamination by graphite, 1.2

D
Defects, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1
Definitions, B.1

P
Physical characteristics, 1.1
Pinpoint porosity, 3.1
Pressure tests, 1.6, 3.2
Proof stress, 1.3

Q
Quality Assurance, 3.2, 3.3
Quality of material, 1.2

Destructive examination standards, 3.1

Destructive tests, 1.4

Dimensional check, 1.5, 3.1

Radiography, 1.5, 1.6, 3.2

Rectification of defects, 1.3
Retest, 1.5, 3.1

E
Elongation, 1.3

T
Tensile strength, 1.3
Tensile test, 1.5, 3.1
Test pieces, 1.4, 1.5
Tests, 1.4

Identification of castings, 3.3

Identification of ingots, 3.2

Impregnation, 1.4

Ultrasonics, 1.5, 1.6, 3.2

Ingot analysis, 1.1

Ingots, 1.1, B.1

Visual inspection, 1.5, 3.1

INDEX.1

NES 747 Part 1

Issue 4
October 1999

INDEX.2

Inside Rear Cover

 Crown Copyright 2000

Copying Only as Agreed with DStan

Defence Standards are Published by and Obtainable from:

Defence Procurement Agency
An Executive Agency of The Ministry of Defence
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Tel 0141 224 2531/2
Fax 0141 224 2503
Internet e-mail enquiries@dstan.mod.uk
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The DStan file reference relating to work on this standard is D/DStan/69/02/747.
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application and for complying with contractual and statutory requirements. Compliance with
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