Exam Syllabuses For Manual Stack-Emission Monitoring-GEHO0802BKAI-E-e

Examination Syllabuses
for Manual Stack-Emission Monitoring

Environment Agency
April 2006
Version 4
Foreword
The Environment Agency has established its Monitoring Certification Scheme (MCERTS) to
deliver high quality environmental measurements. The scheme provides for the product
certification of instruments, the competency certification of personnel and the accreditation of
organisations based on international standards.
MCERTS for manual stack-emissions monitoring has been developed in collaboration with
the Source Testing Association (STA, - the UK trade association representing manual stackemission monitoring companies), the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) and
the Environment and Heritage Service, Department of Environment, Northern Ireland.
The scheme is split into two components the certification of personnel and the accreditation
of organisations. This document provides the competency standard for the certification of
personnel.
The MCERTS personnel competency standard enables stack-emission monitoring personnel
to be formally certified as competent based on experience, training and examination. Sira
operates the personnel competency scheme on behalf of the Environment Agency and is
accredited by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) to EN ISO/IEC
17024:2003: Conformity Assessment General Requirements for Bodies Operating
Certification of Persons.
MCERTS also requires stack emission monitoring organisations to be accredited by UKAS to
ISO/IEC17025 for the MCERTS performance standard for organisations. The standard for
organisations is published as a separate but related MCERTS document. It provides an
application of ISO/IEC 17025 in the specific field of measurement of air emissions from
stacks and covers the following:
ethical requirements for independence and environmental awareness;

use of MCERTS certified personnel;
selection of appropriate methods following international standards;
method implementation;
estimation of measurement uncertainty;
use of appropriate equipment;
planning of a sampling measurement campaign;
- site review
- risk assessment
- site specific protocol
reporting of results;
participation in proficiency testing schemes.
The benefits of MCERTS for stack emission monitoring are that it:
provides formal certification of personnel and accreditation of organisations in accordance

with European and international standards;
provides assurance to all stakeholders including industrial process operators, stack
emissions monitoring personnel and organisations, regulators and the public of the
reliability of stack emission monitoring data;
establishes a level playing field in the competitive stack emission monitoring market
based on the Environment Agencys requirements;
sends a message that manual stack emission monitoring is a critical component in
producing defensible data for regulatory purposes;
promotes and raises the professional standing of stack emission monitoring personnel and
organisations by establishing 'quality standards' to which all should aspire and be judged.
Further information on MCERTS including copies of the performance standards and guidance
can be obtained from our web-site at www.mcerts.net
If you have any comments regarding this document, please contact Rupert Standring at
Rupert.Standring@environment-agency.gov.uk.
Record of amendments
Version
number
4
4
Date
April 06
April 06
Amendment
Added limited technical endorsement 3 syllabus
Added limited technical endorsement 4 syllabus
Contents
1.
Introduction
2.
Level 1 syllabus
3.
Level 2 syllabus
4.
TE1: Particulate monitoring by isokinetic sampling techniques
10
5.
TE2: Multi-phase sampling techniques
12
6.
TE3: Gases/vapours by manual techniques
14
7. Limited TE3: Gases/vapours by manual techniques
16
8.
TE4: Gases/vapours by instrumental techniques
17
9.
Limited TE4: Gases/vapours by instrumental techniques
20
10. TE5: Particle size fractionation by isokinetic sampling techniques
22
11. Status of this document
23
12. References
23
MCERTS examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring

1.
Introduction
1.1
Manual stack-emission monitoring for regulatory purposes includes measurements for:
determining compliance with numerical limits in authorisations and permits;

the calibration of continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMs);
acceptance trials on new pollution-abatement plant or alternative fuel
applications.
Note stack-emission monitoring is a general term used to describe the preparation work before a
measurement campaign, undertaking the site work, calculating the monitoring results and producing the
final report for the client.
1.2
MCERTS for manual stack-emission monitoring is built on proven international

standards to ensure good quality monitoring data. The scheme is split into two
components the certification of personnel to the MCERTS personnel competency
standard and the accreditation of stack-emission monitoring organisations to the
MCERTS performance standard for organisations.
1.3
The MCERTS personnel standard specifies three levels of competency: an entry level
(trainee), Level 1 (technician) and Level 2 (team leader). Level 2 is the most senior
level. Level 2 personnel must achieve at least one technical endorsement (covering
monitoring of specific groups of substances) in addition to the general Level 2
requirements. Level 2 personnel with technical endorsements relevant to the
substances being measured are required to supervise measurement planning, sampling
and reporting.
1.4
This document defines the examination syllabuses for Level 1, Level 2 and the five
technical endorsements. Examinations are by a combination of multiple choice and
structured written papers, plus an oral examination for Level 2.
1.5
This document should be used in conjunction with the MCERTS personnel

competency standard and the MCERTS performance standard for organisations. These
are available on our website at:
www.mcerts.net
Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006
Page 1 of 23
2.
Level 1 syllabus
2.1
Examination objectives
The candidate should be able to demonstrate:
2.2
an understanding of the nature of the common gaseous and particulate matter

pollutants that they may encounter, their properties and effects;
an appreciation of the legislative context within which process operators are
required to control their stack-emissions; the nature of emission limits,
reference conditions and the units of measurement;
an appreciation of the importance of strict adherence to protocols and standard
methods;
knowledge of the principles of operation of standard equipment and be
sufficiently well informed about the practicalities operating of the equipment
to be able to undertake on-site tests as part of a team led by a MCERTS Level
2 person;
an understanding of the principles of stack emission monitoring, such as
representative sampling;
an awareness of the various hazards associated with manual stack-emission
monitoring and be able to implement relevant safety procedures on-site;
detailed knowledge of the content of STA publication Risk assessment guide:
Industrial emission monitoring.
awareness of Environment Agency Technical Guidance Notes M1: Sampling
requirements for stack emissions monitoring and M2: Monitoring of stack
emissions to air.
Examination structure
The candidate has to take two papers at Level 1: a multiple-choice paper and a
structured written paper. Each paper will normally last between 40 minutes to one
hour.
Page 2 of 23
2.3
Level 1 syllabus content
L1.1
Introduction to major pollutants

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the principal pollutants prescribed for
monitoring and their properties. The following pollutants are included: CO, CO2, O2,
SOX, NOX, HCl, TOC, particulate matter, dioxins, PCBs and PAHs.
For principal pollutants the following knowledge is required:
L1.2
typical sources;
typical emission concentrations;
environmental and health effects of air pollution.
Overview of legislation and monitoring guidance

The candidate must demonstrate an understanding of legislation and guidance
applicable to stack emissions monitoring. This includes:
L1.3
purpose of monitoring;
an overview of legislation on emissions to air, IPC, PPC, European directives
and the MCERTS scheme;
the nature and use of emissions limits;
monitoring requirements
standard reference methods
MCERTS method implementation documents (MIDs)
role of Environment Agency guidance notes M1 and M2;
Health and safety requirements

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the safety procedures to be followed on
site when carrying out stack-emission monitoring. This includes detailed knowledge
of the content of STA publication Risk assessment guide: Industrial emission
monitoring, which includes:
hazards to sampling personnel;

hazards to other personnel;
hazards to plant;
sampling facilities;
working platforms;
safety control measures;
site requirements and inductions;
the need for COSHH assessments.
Page 3 of 23
L1.4
Units and reference conditions

The candidate must demonstrate understanding of:
L1.5
temperature, pressure, velocity, mass and volume;

concentration and mass-based units;
ppm and mg/m3;
reference conditions and normalisation
wet gas and dry gas
standard temperature and pressure
reference levels of O2.
Operation of equipment
The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the general requirements for correct
operation of measurement equipment and have an understanding of common faults
and their effects. This includes:
L1.6
instrument theory
flow measurement theory of pitots, dry gas meters, rotameters,
differential pressure devices
temperature measurement using thermocouple and other devices
operation of pressure measurement devices
knowledge of equipment
handling of equipment
handling of instruments
Introduction to extractive manual sampling

The candidate should demonstrate general knowledge of the equipment used for
sampling particulates and/or gases/vapours. This includes:
L1.7
principle of operation
arrangement of the sample train
preparation of sampling equipment including leak test
Principles of manual stack-emission monitoring

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of:
the importance of representative sampling;

characteristics of particulates;
principle of isokinetic sampling;
sampling plane and sampling points;
measurement of stack gas velocity and pressure;
calibration of instrumental equipment;
Page 4 of 23
3.
Level 2 syllabus
3.1
3.2
a good knowledge of legislation relating to stack-emission monitoring and the

relationship to applicable standards (for example, CEN, MCERTS Method
Implementation Documents);
familiarity with, but not necessarily detailed knowledge of, the main types of
pollution-abatement equipment likely to be encountered in industrial plant and
the ability to assess their relevance for emission monitoring;
an appreciation of the importance of good sampling location for emission
monitoring and the competence to recommend appropriate locations;
an awareness of the main techniques used for the laboratory analysis of
collected samples and the relevant requirements for sample amounts, sampling
times, sample storage and transfer (detailed knowledge of analytical techniques
is not required);
competence to manage all stages of a measurement programme from initiation
and defining objectives, selection of appropriate methods and development of
site-specific protocols through to production of the final report;
the ability to undertake and check all calculation procedures involved in
estimating the required parameters; familiarity with the principles of
calculating uncertainty in these estimates and the capability to apply the
principles to specific cases;
familiarity with the national context for activities relating to quality assurance
in stack-emission monitoring (quality standards, UKAS, the roles of
MCERTS); understanding and being able to apply quality assurance
techniques as an essential part of managing the monitoring programme;
a detailed knowledge of safety management in the relevant areas including
various types of risk assessment;
detailed knowledge of Environment Agency Technical Guidance Notes M1:
Sampling requirements for stack emissions monitoring and M2: Monitoring of
stack-emissions to air.
The candidate has to sit a multiple-choice paper and an oral assessment at Level 2.
The multiple-choice paper will normally last between 40 minutes to one hour. The oral
examination will be normally last between 45-60 minutes.
Page 5 of 23
3.3
Level 2 syllabus content
L2.1
Monitoring standards and methods

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the use of applicable standards relevant
to monitoring. This includes:
L2.2
hierarchy of methods
CEN
ISO
National methods such as ASTM, USEPA and VDI
knowledge of appropriate methods for stack emission monitoring;
what to do if no standard method is available;
deviation/modification of methods;
Calculations
The candidate must be able to calculate the following:
L2.2
concentrations, using sampling and analytical data;

mass emission rates;
inter-conversion of ppm and mg/m3;
reference conditions and normalisation
conversion of wet gas composition to dry gas
conversion to standard temperature and pressure
conversion to reference levels of O2
Analytical techniques and limits of detection

The candidate is required to demonstrate awareness of analytical techniques used to
support pollutant measurements in the field. This includes:
L2.3
implications of analytical sensitivity for sample amounts and sampling times;

limits of detection;
sample handling;
liaison with analysis laboratories;
Abatement systems and their effects on monitoring

The candidate is required to demonstrate general knowledge of abatement systems
used for the control of the principal pollutants from industrial processes and their
impact on emission levels. Systems include:
centrifugal separators (cyclones);

electrical gas cleaning (for example, electrostatic precipitation);
fabric filters;
scrubbers;
flue gas desulphurisation.
Page 6 of 23
L2.4
Choice of sampling location

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of potential plant configurations, their
impact on monitoring results, and where to carry out sampling. This includes:
L2.5
achieving representative sampling;

positional requirements for particulate matter and gaseous species;
criteria for locating sample plane;
surveying the sample plane;
number of sampling points.
Undertaking a measurement campaign

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the factors to be addressed when
undertaking a measurement campaign. These include:
L2.6
determining the objectives of the sampling exercise;

assessing the parameters to be measured;
reviewing process conditions;
liaison with plant operators;
Health and safety requirements

The candidate must demonstrate a detailed knowledge of the risk-management
approach to minimising hazards at work. This includes the use of:
L2.7
risk-assessment and risk-management principles;

COSHH assessments
permanent platforms and scaffolding;
lifting and slinging;
personnel protective equipment assessments;
permits to work.
Choice of sampling method, technique and equipment

The candidate is required to understand the different monitoring approaches,
techniques, equipment and which factors influence their applicability. This includes:
manual and instrumental techniques

selecting monitoring equipment.
Page 7 of 23
L2.8
Types of process operation and process details

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the types of process operation and
relevant process details. These include:
L2.9
types of operation
continuous (steady state, variable or cyclic)
batch process;
process details
timescale of operation
awareness of inputs, outputs and mass flows
fuel composition
stack gas conditions.
Developing site-specific protocols

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the requirements to be considered
when undertaking a measurement campaign at a specific site. These include:
site review;
process knowledge;
sampling-site details;
risk assessments;
regulatory requirements;
site-specific issues;
quality management.
L2.10 Principles of calculating uncertainty

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of the principles of calculating
uncertainty. This includes:
basic terminology including accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducibility,

systematic and random errors
rules for combining uncertainties;
confidence limits and statistically defined uncertainties;
tests using certified reference materials;
repeat measurements using paired instruments and comparison with certified
reference method;
building an uncertainty budget from estimates of component uncertainties;
assessing deviations from a standard reference method;
effect of number and duration of samples on accuracy.
Page 8 of 23
L2.11 Quality assurance

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the systems for quality assurance and
quality control in stack-emission monitoring. These include:
role of ISO/IEC 17025 "General requirements for the competence of testing and
calibration laboratories";
MCERTS performance standard for organisations;
role of auditing;
MCERTS personnel competency standard and use of appropriate personnel;
accommodation and environmental conditions;
methods and method validation;
equipment certification;
measurement traceability;
site review and site-specific protocol;
work file and monitoring record sheets;
use of blanks;
handling of test items;
assuring the quality of test results;
reporting results.
Page 9 of 23
4.
Technical endorsement 1 - Particulate monitoring by isokinetic

sampling techniques
4.1
4.2
competency to undertake particulate monitoring;

familiarity with the requirements of periodic manual stack emission
monitoring standards for particulates specified in M2;
familiarity with the requirements of relevant MIDs;
the ability to calculate sampling flow rate and isokinetic ratio;
be aware of the specific problems caused by high temperature and moisture
content, and the practical methods for dealing with these conditions.
The candidate has to sit two papers: a multiple-choice paper and a written paper. Each
paper will normally last between 40 minutes to one hour.
4.3
Technical endorsement 1 (TE1) syllabus content
TE1.1 Principles of extractive monitoring for particulates

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of the principles and standard
methodologies applied to the extractive sampling of particulates. This includes:
obtaining a representative sample;

particle properties;
gas velocity profiles in ducts;
variation of mass flow across ducts;
isokinetic sampling;
positional requirements for sampling;
criteria for locating the sampling plane;
surveying the proposed sampling plane;
preliminary survey of duct;
unacceptable characteristics;
number and location of sampling points;
position of sampling points along the sample lines;
access and facilities for sampling;
sampling points - minimum distances from flow disturbing features;
recommended number of sampling points according to different standards;
errors due to non-isokinetic sampling;
duration of sampling;
cumulative sampling;
incremental sampling;
measurement of water vapour concentration.
Page 10 of 23
TE1.2 Particulate monitoring

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the facilities required and the range of
available equipment for sampling particulates. This includes:
sample platform facilities;

gas velocity measuring equipment;
isokinetic sampling equipment;
TE1.3 Particulate monitoring - special considerations (high temperature, high moisture

content)
The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the use of out of stack filters under
specific process operating conditions.
Page 11 of 23
5.
Technical endorsement 2: Multi-phase sampling techniques
5.1
5.2
an understanding of the principles of the measurement of trace species and the

main challenges involved;
familiarity with the requirements of the multiphase periodic manual standards
specified in M2;
familiarity with the requirements of relevant MIDs;
an understanding of the importance of sample handling, recovery and analysis
techniques.
5.3
TE2.1 Principles of measurement for trace species

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the chemical nature of trace species
and understand the approach to their sampling and analysis. This includes:
an introduction to PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, PAHs and trace metals;

a review of the basic principles of representative sampling of particulate and
gas phases;
TE2.2 Sampling equipment for trace species

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the equipment used for the
measurement of trace species. This includes:
principles of operation;
arrangement of sampling equipment;
methodology for sampling and analysis;
preparation of sampling equipment including filters, resin trap, glassware and
probe liner;
Page 12 of 23
TE2.3 Sample recovery and analysis

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of the methods of analysis. This
includes:
sample recovery;
sample containers;
analysis technique;
sorbent quality check;
extraction procedure;
post extraction procedure;
method validation criteria;
addition of standards (spikes);
reporting requirements.
Page 13 of 23
6.
Technical endorsement 3 Gases/vapours by manual techniques
6.1
6.2
an understanding of the importance of representative sampling and how this is

achieved in practice;
familiarity with the common types of gas sampling train and their use;
an understanding of the principles and practice of the available standard
manual techniques specified in M2 for common pollutants such as SO2, HCl
and specific VOCs;
the ability to calculate results using sampling and analytical data;
6.3
TE3.1 Sampling gases/vapours by manual techniques

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the standard reference methods applied
to the manual extractive sampling of gases. This includes:
positional requirements;
gas composition profiles in stacks;
number and position of sampling points;
appropriate materials for different applications;
sampling trains;
access and facilities required
analytical approaches - a brief review of the most common methods for
analysing samples
calculation of results using sampling and analytical data.
TE3.2 Wet-chemical methods of gas analysis

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of available manual methods for
pollutant sampling and their relevance for compliance assessment. This includes:
sulphur dioxide;
hydrogen chloride;
hydrogen fluoride;
Page 14 of 23
TE3.3 Measurement of VOCs

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of VOCs and the standard methodologies
applied to their measurement in process emissions. This includes:
approach to sampling for VOCs;

charcoal tube with solvent extraction;
thermal desorption;
mass emission of VOCs;
suites of VOCs;
sample lifetimes
calculations used to report specific VOCs.
Page 15 of 23
Limited technical endorsement 3 Gases/vapours by manual

techniques
7.1
7.2

achieved in practice;
familiarity with the gas sampling train they use;
an understanding of the method they use;
the ability to calculate results using sampling and analytical data;
The candidate has to sit a written paper, which will normally last between 40 minutes
to one hour.
LTE3.1 Sampling gases/vapours by manual techniques

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the general principles applied to
manual extractive sampling of gases. This includes:
number and position of sampling points;
access and facilities required;
calculation of results using sampling and analytical data.
LE3.2 Understanding of method used

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the manual method they use, and
explain how they employ it on a process/site specific basis to obtain representative
samples. This includes:
use of appropriate materials;

sampling train configuration;
understanding of analysis method;
Page 16 of 23
8.
Technical endorsement 4 Gases/vapours by instrumental techniques
8.1
8.2

achieved in practice during manual instrumental sampling;
familiarity with the main components of gas sampling and conditioning
systems, including probes, filters, gas transfer lines, methods for dealing with
moisture, pumps and the like, and be capable of specifying appropriate
sampling systems for different applications;
familiarity with the main instrumental methods of gas analysis together with
their advantages and disadvantages;
an understanding of the importance of calibration, maintenance and the
methods by which this can be achieved;
an awareness of the parameters included in the MCERTS instrument
performance standard.
knowledge of performance standards/methods for instrumental gas sampling
specified in M2.
Page 17 of 23
8.3
TE4.1 Sampling gases using instrumental techniques

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of the impact of process
parameters on representative sampling of pollutants and the importance of sample
conditioning prior to analysis. This includes:
stack gas conditions in relation to the process;

representative sampling
sampling probes, filters and transfer lines;
sample conditioning;
heated systems;
dilution probe;
permeation drier;
chiller units;
design of overall sampling systems;
response time;
provision for calibration;
configurations involving several analysers;
gas composition calculations standardised to reference conditions
TE4.2 Optical methods of gas analysis

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the principles of operation and
applicability of optical analysers. This includes:
methods employing infra-red radiation;

infrared analysers
NDIR
FTIR
heated
insertion
dispersive;
components and configurations;
UV/visible radiation;
chemiluminescence;
fluorescence;
UV/visible;
DOAS;
Page 18 of 23
TE4.3 Non-optical instrumental techniques

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the main non-optical techniques
including FID, electrochemical and mass spectrometric methods for measuring
pollutants. This includes:
solid state zirconia sensors;

electrochemical cells;
paramagnetic analyser;
flame ionisation detection;
mass spectrometry;
TE4.4 Calibration and maintenance

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the importance of calibration and
maintenance. This includes:
calibration;
zero and span standard gases;
local production of standard gases permeation tube systems, gas blenders;
single and multipoint calibrations;
linearity;
repeatability under laboratory and field conditions;
detection limit;
zero and span drift (laboratory and field);
cross-sensitivity;
zero and span shift due to ambient temperature change;
TE4.5 Data handling and manipulation

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of the methods of electronic data
collection, types of data manipulation and data storage.
Page 19 of 23
Limited technical endorsement 4 Gases/vapours by instrumental

techniques
9.1
9.2

achieved in practice during instrumental sampling;
familiarity with the main components of gas sampling and conditioning
systems, including probes, filters, gas transfer lines, methods for dealing with
moisture;
familiarity with an instrumental method of gas analysis together with an
understanding of its advantages and disadvantages;
an understanding of calibration and maintenance;
an awareness of the parameters included in the MCERTS instrument
performance standard
knowledge of an instrumental gas sampling performance standard/method
specified in M2.
The candidate has to sit a written paper, which will normally last between 40 minutes
to one hour.
9.3
Limited technical endorsement 4 (LTE4) syllabus content
LTE4.1 Sampling gases using instrumental techniques

The candidate is required to demonstrate knowledge of the principles of instrumental
sampling techniques. This includes:
representative sampling
sample conditioning;
gas composition calculations standardised to reference conditions.
LTE4.2 Understanding of performance standard/method used

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the instrumental performance
standard/method they use and explain how they employ it on a process/site specific
basis to ensure representative sampling. This includes:
stack gas conditions in relation to the process;

design of overall sampling system;
sampling probes, filters and transfer lines;
response time;
Page 20 of 23
LTE4.3 Calibration and maintenance

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the importance of calibration and
maintenance. This includes:
calibration;
zero and span standard gases;
single and multipoint calibrations;
linearity;
repeatability under laboratory and field conditions;
detection limit;
zero and span drift (laboratory and field);
cross-sensitivity;
zero and span shift due to ambient temperature change;
Page 21 of 23
10
Technical endorsement 5 Particle size fractionation by isokinetic

sampling techniques
10.1
10.2
familiarity with the requirements of relevant methods specified in M2;

an understanding of the limitations to particle size fractionation measurements.
To be decided - awaiting publication of International Standards.
10.3
TE5.1 Particle size fractionation sampling methodologies

The candidate must demonstrate knowledge of fine particulate matter and the
equipment and methodologies available for its measurement. This includes:
reasons for measuring particle size fractions;

air quality standards and legislation;
limitations to particle size fractionation measurements;
sampling methodology;
use of cyclone and cascade impactor systems.
Page 22 of 23
11
Status of this document

This document may be subject to review and amendment following publication. The
latest version of the syllabuses, together with the performance standard and guidance on
the scheme, are available on our web-site at www.MCERTS.net
12
References
1.
MCERTS competency standard for personnel, Environment Agency.
2.
Technical Guidance Note M1 Sampling requirements for stack emissions monitoring,

Environment Agency.
3.
Technical Guidance Note M2, Monitoring of stack emissions to air, Environment

Agency.
4.
Risk assessment guide: industrial emission monitoring, Source Testing Association

document HS1069-00.
Page 23 of 23

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Examination Syllabuses

for Manual Stack-Emission Monitoring

ethical requirements for independence and environmental awareness;

provides formal certification of personnel and accreditation of organisations in accordance

TE1: Particulate monitoring by isokinetic sampling techniques

TE2: Multi-phase sampling techniques

TE3: Gases/vapours by manual techniques

7. Limited TE3: Gases/vapours by manual techniques

TE4: Gases/vapours by instrumental techniques

Limited TE4: Gases/vapours by instrumental techniques

10. TE5: Particle size fractionation by isokinetic sampling techniques

11. Status of this document

MCERTS examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring

Manual stack-emission monitoring for regulatory purposes includes measurements for:

determining compliance with numerical limits in authorisations and permits;

MCERTS for manual stack-emission monitoring is built on proven international

This document should be used in conjunction with the MCERTS personnel

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

an understanding of the nature of the common gaseous and particulate matter

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

Level 1 syllabus content

Introduction to major pollutants

Overview of legislation and monitoring guidance

Health and safety requirements

hazards to sampling personnel;

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

Units and reference conditions

temperature, pressure, velocity, mass and volume;

Introduction to extractive manual sampling

Principles of manual stack-emission monitoring

the importance of representative sampling;

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

a good knowledge of legislation relating to stack-emission monitoring and the

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

Level 2 syllabus content

Monitoring standards and methods

concentrations, using sampling and analytical data;

Analytical techniques and limits of detection

implications of analytical sensitivity for sample amounts and sampling times;

Abatement systems and their effects on monitoring

centrifugal separators (cyclones);

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

Choice of sampling location

achieving representative sampling;

Undertaking a measurement campaign

determining the objectives of the sampling exercise;

Health and safety requirements

risk-assessment and risk-management principles;

Choice of sampling method, technique and equipment

manual and instrumental techniques

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

Types of process operation and process details

Developing site-specific protocols

L2.10 Principles of calculating uncertainty

basic terminology including accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducibility,

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

L2.11 Quality assurance

Examination syllabuses for manual stack-emission monitoring, Version 4, April 2006

Technical endorsement 1 - Particulate monitoring by isokinetic

competency to undertake particulate monitoring;

Technical endorsement 1 (TE1) syllabus content

TE1.1 Principles of extractive monitoring for particulates

obtaining a representative sample;