Name: __Elijah Shuford_____________________ Date: __09/03/2012____________

Student Exploration: Cell Structure

Vocabulary: cell wall, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi
apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, plasma
membrane, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
1. What are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its role in an
organism? _Some of the structures are the mitochondria, lysosomes, centrioles,
nucleus, nucleolus, Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum.

2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals
cannot?) The plant cell is a eukaryote and the animal cell is a prokaryote. Plant cells
have a cell wall and animal cells do not. Plant cells have chloroplasts and animal
cells do not.

Gizmo Warm-up
The Cell Structure Gizmo allows you to look at typical
animal and plant cells under a microscope. To start, click
Sample to take a sample of an animal cell. Use the Zoom
slider to see the cell at a magnification of 1000x (1000 times
larger than normal).
Use the up/down and left/right sliders to manipulate the cell.
Find the red arrow pointing to the centrioles.

Picture of some centrioles

1.
Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function? __They help
organize the movement of the chromosomes for cell division
Get the Gizmo ready:
Activity A:
Animal cells

Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the

microscope.
Set the Zoom to 500x.

Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the
cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell?
1. Label: Locate each organelle in the animal cell. Put the organelle name next to the letters
below.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.

Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Vacuole
Centrioles
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Plasma or cell membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Nuclear envelope
Vesicle

2. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description.
__H.__ Cytoplasm

__J.__ Nucleus

__E.__ Lysosome

__L.__ Ribosome

__F.__ Mitochondria

__C.__ Nuclear envelope

__A.__ Centriole

__B.__ Golgi apparatus

__G.__ Endoplasmic reticulum

__M.__ Vesicle

__K.__ Vacuole

__I.__ Nucleolus

__D.__ Plasma membrane

A. Structure that organizes motion of
chromosomes.

F. Structures that converts nutrients to

energy.

B. Stack of membranes that packages

chemicals.

G. Passageways where chemicals are

made.

C. Membrane that protects the nucleus.

H. Jelly-like substance within the

plasma membrane.

D. Membrane that surrounds and

protects the cell.
E. Sac filled with digestive chemicals.

I.

Structure that manufactures

ribosomes.

J. Structure that contains DNA and

directs the cell.
K. Package created by the Golgi
apparatus.
L. Small structure that synthesizes
proteins.
M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or
waste products.

Activity B:
Plant cells

Get the Gizmo ready:

Select View plant cell, and click Sample.
Set the Zoom to 500x.

Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform?

3. Label: Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Put the organelle name next to the letters
below.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.

Cytoplasm
Vesicle
Plastids
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Nuclear envelope
Ribosomes
Vacuole
Cell wall
Plasma membrane
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Golgi apparatus

Post Lab Questions-

MultipleChoice
Identifythechoicethatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.
_D.___ 1. Which organelle breaks down food into molecules the cell can use for energy?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. ribosome
d. mitochondrion
_D.___ 2. Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. vacuole
mitochondrion
b.
d. ribosome
_A.___ 3. Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
a. mitochondria and chloroplasts
c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
_C.___ 4. Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
a. mitochondrion
c. chloroplast
b. ribosome
d. ER
_A.___ 5. The main function of the cell wall is to
a. support and protect the cell.
c. direct the activities of the cell.
b. store DNA.
d. help the cell move.
ShortAnswer
6. How do plants and animals differ?
Animal cells do not have chloroplast and plant cells do. Animal cells do not have a cell wall but plant cells do.
Plant cells have plastids and animal cells do not have plastids.