Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Team: 3
Member: 3
Date: 16/3/2014
each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of technology and types of
application.
Main branches of engineering:
Engineering can be divided into various branches, however, the main branches are:
Electrical Engineering.
Mechanical Engineering.
Chemical Engineering.
Civil Engineering.
Industrial Engineering.
Nuclear Engineering.
- Saw : It can be utilized to shear wood, metals, and other types of materials, and
can be used by hand or automatically. There are three kinds of saws : circular saws,
straight saws, curved saws.
- Lathe Machine : It is a machine could be existed in workshops, in order to
complete manufacturing processes, and deals with cylindrical shapes. Its functions
are, to reduce the diameter, cutting, and facing the cylindrical shapes, such as car's
hops. There are two kinds of lathe machines : vertical and horizontal machines.
- Milling Machine : It is a manufacturing machine could be existed in workshops
and industries. It is basically responsible for manufacturing various types of gears.
There are three kinds of milling machines : vertical, horizontal, and universal
milling machines.
- Prototype Machine : It is possible, when you want to design a part by computer
and find out it naturally, so this machine can do like this. Prototype machine; is a
very high cost machine, and it depends on AutoCAD and Solid Works programs in
order to manufacture products by several materials. And classified as CNC machine.
- Rolling Machine : It is a machine contains rollers, each roller has a cylindrical
shape, and circular movement, clockwise and counterclockwise. Also these rollers
are heavy and have a very high hardness. Rolling machines can be utilized for sheet
metal forming processes in order to reduce the thickness of a rolled sheet. There are
two kinds of rolling : hot rolling and could rolling.
Types of Problems in Mechanical Engineering
If you have chosen Mechanical Engineering as a career, that means you have
to have the capability of solving problems which you would face in your work, and
the capability of analyzing complex systems to simple elements by several methods.
Also they have to work in producing products with high quality and low cost.
Mechanical engineers, normally, deal with anything has a relationship with motion.
Actually they can solve problems individually or in a team. They work on designing
parts of machines, maintaining machines, raise productivity in production lines, and
providing some design modifications to avoid any damage. Also they could work on
manufacturing processes such as (machining, milling, sheet metal forming, drilling,
filling, rolling, and grinding), and building mechanical devices such as (lathe
machines, millers, cutter machines, and prototype machines). Sometimes,
mechanical engineers work on planning, managing, and implementing projects in
major industries and companies as project engineers. They can work on gas
distribution systems, and prepare engineering recommendations for the
administrative head. They often work on Systems management which means
"overseeing operations of a large system, such as a power plant, as well as
supervising the people who work there" [12] . Nowadays, the power can be produced
Company
Water National Company
(WNC)
Saudi ARAMCO
Saudi SABIC
Saudi Electricity Company
(SEC)
1- Saudi ARAMCO :
ARAMCO is the greatest company in the world which produces oil and gas,
and their derivatives. It is located at the east of KSA. In fact, ARAMCO has a very
large volume of oil and gas spares (about half percentage of oil and gas in the whole
world). ''Were investing in the future of energy at Saudi Armco working to ensure
the reliability and sustainability of oil and gas suppliers across the globe through a
56,000 strong workforce comprising homegrown talent and 77 nationalities. Today,
we are one of the largest oil and gas companies in the world. To put that into
perspective, we supply 25% of the worlds daily oil supplies. Saudi Armco is the
worlds largest exporter of petroleum, with a daily output that stands at nearly twice
our nearest competitor" Dr. K.Alfaleh said [17]. The company needs lots of engineers
from several fields including mechanical engineers. The functions of mechanical
engineers in ARAMCO is working in industries, also developing, designing, and
maintaining of oil drilling and exploration. In addition, it is known that the company
provides several special offers with high salaries (reaches about S.R.16,000
monthly) to wilders to work with their staff. Dr. A.A. Aljinidy from the Department
of Mechanical Engineering at KAU has an experience in ARAMCO company. He
had already worked for it as a mechanical consultant and had achieved a patented to
the company.
2- SABIC :
It is the largest company in the Middle East, and one of the largest 10
companies in the world which produces and manufactures various types of
chemicals, invented plastics, polymers, and steels. It has several branches in KSA,
however the main branch is located in Riyadh. SABIC has numerous related
companies such as, HADID, Saudi KIAN, etc. Actually It depends on engineers
including mechanical engineers in order to maintain its foundations. Mechanical
engineers' responsibilities are concentrating in industries of the company specially in
production lines. They design, build, and maintain mechanical equipments which
utilized in the company, managing of manufacturing processes. Also they can work
as consultants for the company, managers of some departments. They can be worked
as project engineers and project managers.
3- Water National Company ( WNC ) :
"The National Water Company in Saudi Arabia is dedicated to providing
quality water and wastewater management services to all citizens and residents" [18].
And it is a company from the government sector. And it is responsible about
desalination water and connect it to citizens. About the job at the company we see
that the majority of its staff are mechanical engineers because of 90 % of the
company activities are depending on mechanical engineers. Mechanical engineers
have large responsibilities inside the institution, and their responsibilities concentrate
more in maintaining pumps and pipes, and managing the department of pumps
operations and check it daily. They work in developing, designing, and redesigning
several types of pumps and pipes. Also they have to check, maintain, and estimate
the volume of water inside tanks of the companies. Mechanical engineers are usually
working for water desalination stations in terms of managing and maintaining the
station daily to avoid any damage will be occurred because it is serious in effective
on cleaning rate of the desalinated water. Sometime they responsible of network of
the connected pipes which connect water to all houses of the whole city.
Statistics about Number of Mechanical Engineers in KSA
Nowadays, the manufacturing and other fields depend more on mechanical
engineers. So it is advantageous in developing the economic and industrial fields for
your country when the number of mechanical engineers is rising annually. In this
section of my research I found a difficult to find the number of mechanical engineers
in KSA, because there is no sources providing these statistics. However, I asked my
academic adviser Dr. Osama Khashaba and Dr. Ahmad Khairy for providing me
statistics about the number of mechanical engineers in KSA (both Saudis and Non
Saudis).
The followings table and figure show us the statistics about number of mechanical
engineers in KSA ( both Saudis and Non Saudis ).
Table 2 : The number of Saudi MEs and Non Saudi MEs in KSA.
Saudi MEs
Non Saudi MEs
Total
854
12146
13000
7%
93%
100%
1
2
3
1
2
93%
Figure 1 : Comparison between number of Saudis MEs [1] and Non-Saudis MEs [2]
in KSA.
According to Figure 1 and Table 2, I concluded that the number of Non Saudi MEs
is greater than Saudi MEs. We can see that the number of Saudi MEs is represents a
very small percentage of all MEs in KSA. And in the other side we can see that the
number of Non Saudi MEs represents a very high percentage of all MEs in KSA,
this means that majority of companies in KSA prefer Non Saudi MEs.
Mechanical Engineering Professional Societies
An engineering society is a professional organization for engineers of various
disciplines. Some are umbrella type organizations which accept many different
disciplines, while others are discipline-specific.
There are various engineering professional societies around the world in order to
uplift the profession, develop and upgrade its standards, for example in KSA we
have Saudi Council of Engineers, it is one of the engineering professional societies
which will be discussed below. Also if you want to get further information about
Mechanical Engineering, there is "The Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers
(PSME)" which is interesting Mechanical Engineering only.
-
84%
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
16%
3
Engineers who
are working at
the private
sector
As can be seen in Figure 2, there are 84% of MEs work at private sector, and a small
percentage 16% of MEs work at government sector. So I concluded that most of
mechanical engineers prefer working at private sector on government sector because
the advantages which offer to them from the private sector, from these advantages
are more benefits, high salaries, annual vacations, etc. Actually, in KSA the
availability of job chances for mechanical engineers is increasing every year because
the progress of the industrial revolution, and the number of industrials increases,
especially in the plant of petrol, so the job market of KSA still needs mechanical
engineers
Salary Package for Mechanical Engineers In KSA
After graduation, there are several offers will be given to the graduated
student, and actually he will choose the best offer with the highest salary. In this
section of my research, I will write about the salaries for mechanical engineers. In
KSA, majority of the companies which hire mechanical engineers give high salaries
to them, specially oil and gas refinement companies such as "ARAMCO & SABIC".
However, the maintenance companies give low salaries to them. The average
salaries for mechanical engineers in Saudi Arabia is $63,000 (about S.R. 236250).
The previous average salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, benefits,
etc.
The following table is taken from " simply hired " website, and shows the difference
in salaries for several engineering disciplines in KSA in the government sector :
Table 3 : Salaries for several engineering disciplines
General engineer
$74,000
Civil engineer
$58,000
Electronics engineer
$72,000
Mechanical engineer
$63,000
Electrical engineer
$63,000
Aerospace engineer
$75,000
According to Table 3, I found that the salary of mechanical engineers is the fourth one in
order of the highest salaries. So we see that aerospace engineers earn the highest salary
and civil engineers earn the lowest. These salaries are just in government sector, however
there are salaries greater than these in private sector. In addition, according to the
industrial revolution and the increasing in the industries in KSA, the salaries of
mechanical engineers will be raised in the future.
11
Discussion
I spent much time to finish this research, so at the end of this it, I learned lots
of things and my skills in writing researches, and collecting information from
sources have been developed. My gaze to my specialization (Mechanical
Engineering) is changed after doing this research, I learned what does Mechanical
Engineering mean in fact, safety in Mechanical Engineering including some hazards
which mechanical engineers face and the best ways to avoid them, and what does
Factor of Safety. Also mechanical equipments and their utilizations. Sorts of
problems which mechanical engineers face and their responsibilities in their jobs.
Comparisons between companies which hire mechanical engineers in KSA, and
what is the nature of work in these companies. Also I found a statistics about the
approximated number of mechanical engineers in KSA (both Saudis and Non
Saudis) supported by figures and tables, and concluded that the number of Non
Saudi MEs is greater the number of Saudi MEs. I earned lots of information about
professional societies of Mechanical Engineering in KSA and other countries, and
what are their functions in serving and supporting Mechanical Engineering field.
Mechanical engineers can work in several fields, and job market still needs
mechanical engineers, so job chances are available strongly, and this availability of
job chances will be increased in the future. The average salaries for mechanical
engineers is high and there are variety offers will be given to applicants. I used
Internet as the main source of collecting information, also I used Microsoft Excel
program for doing statistics. Finally, I hope that I have prepared my work
completely, and provided the reader a clear idea about Mechanical Engineering.
Also I am ready know to write a greater assignment.
Acknowledgement
I cannot but offer words of thanks and gratitude to those who helped me and
pleased me access to information, in particular my academic advisor Dr. Osama
Khashaba, and Dr. Ahmad Khairy for giving me some information in order to
complete my research. Also I cannot forget to thank my instructor Eng. Mohammad
Rehan, because he helped me to accomplish this assignment correctly, and also he
was very cooperative with me.
References
1- "Wikipedia" Website (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering) accessed on
7/2/2014.
2- "Old Dominion University" Website (http://dl.odu.edu/programs/manufacturingsystems-mechanical-system-design.com) accessed on 7/2/2014.
11
12
13