RULES AND REGULATIONS

ON VOLUNTARY LICENSING
WHEREAS, the State recognizes that an effective intellectual and industrial property system is
vital to the development of domestic creativity, facilitates transfer of technology, attracts foreign
investments and ensures market access for our products;
WHEREAS, the State recognizes that the use of intellectual property bears a social function and
to this end, the State shall promote the diffusion of knowledge and information for the promotion
of national development and progress and the common good;
WHEREAS, it is the policy of the State to liberalize the registration of the transfer of technology
and enhance the enforcement of intellectual property rights in the Philippines;
WHEREAS, there is a need to encourage the transfer of technology, prevent or control practices
and conditions that may in particular cases constitute an abuse of intellectual property rights
having an adverse effect on competition and trade;
NOW, THEREFORE, pursuant to the provisions of Republic Act No. 8293, otherwise known as
the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, the following rules and regulations on
voluntary licensing are hereby promulgated:
PART 1
Definitions
Rule 1. Definition of terms. Unless otherwise specified, the following terms shall have the
meaning provided in this Rule:
(a) Amendatory Agreement means an agreement that amends any of the terms and conditions
of the agreement;
(b) Bureau means the Documentation, Information and Technology Transfer Bureau of the
Intellectual Property Office;
(c) Computer software developed for mass market means computer software that:
(i) is produced, made and marketed for a broad range of purposes and users including endusers and commercial users;
(ii) is sold over the counter or via standard delivery mechanisms;
(iii) involves payments that are not based on royalty;
(iv) generally provides for an indefinite term for the use of the software; and

(v) does not need any customization by the supplier or distributor.

(d) Director means the Director of the Documentation, Information and Technology Transfer
Bureau;
(e) Director General means the head of the Intellectual Property Office;
(f) Intellectual Property Rights means:
1. Copyright and Related Rights;
2. Trademarks and Service Marks;
3. Geographic Indications;
4. Industrial Designs;
5. Patents;
6. Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits; and
7. Protection of Undisclosed Information
(g) IP Code means Republic Act No. 8293 otherwise known as the Intellectual Property Code
of the Philippines;
(h) IPO Gazette means the Intellectual Property Offices own publication where all matters
required to be published under the IP Code shall be published;
(i) Mandatory Provisions means provisions that shall be included in voluntary license contracts
as provided in Section 88 of the IP Code and reproduced in rule 3 of these Regulations;
(j) Office means the Intellectual Property Office;
(k) Prohibited Clauses means provisions in Technology Transfer Arrangements that are
deemed prima facie to have an adverse effect on competition and trade as provided in Section 87
of the IP Code and reproduced in Rule 2 of these Regulations;
(l) Regulations means this set of rules and regulations and such rules and regulations as may be
formulated by the Director of the Documentation, Information and Technology Transfer Bureau
and approved by the Director General;
(m) Renewal Agreement means any agreement that extends the term of an agreement
registered with the Office or with the former Technology Transfer Registry of the former Bureau
of Patents, Trademarks and Technology Transfer, without any amendment or other modification
of any other provision of the previously registered agreement;

(n) Technology Transfer Arrangements shall mean contracts or agreements involving the
transfer of systematic knowledge for the manufacture of a product, the application of a process,
or rendering of a service including management contracts; and the transfer, assignment or
licensing of all forms of intellectual property rights, including licensing of computer software
except computer software developed for mass market
The licensing of copyright is considered a technology transfer arrangement only if it involves the
transfer of systematic knowledge.
(o) Undisclosed Information shall mean information which:
(i) is secret in the sense that it is not, as a body or in the precise configuration and
assembly of its components, generally known among or readily accessible to persons
within the circles that normally deal with the kind of information in question;
(ii) has commercial value because it is secret; and
(iii) has been subject to reasonable steps under the
the person lawfully in control of the information.

circumstances to keep it secret, by

Rule 2. Prohibited clauses. Pursuant to Section 87 of the IP Code, the following provisions
and other clauses with equivalent effect shall be deemed prima facie to have an adverse
effect on competition and trade:
(1) Those which impose upon the licensee the obligation to acquire from a specific
source capital goods, intermediate products, raw materials, and other technologies, or of
permanently employing personnel indicated by the licensor;
(2) Those pursuant to which the licensor reserves the right to fix the sale or resale
prices of the products manufactured on the basis of the license;
(3) Those that contain restrictions regarding the volume and structure of production;
(4) Those that prohibit the use of competitive technologies in a
technology transfer arrangement;

non-exclusive

(5) Those that establish a full or partial purchase option in favor of the licensor;
(6) Those that obligate the licensee to transfer for free to the licensor the inventions or
improvements that may be obtained through the use of the licensed technology;
(7) Those that require payment of royalties to the owners of patents for patents which
are not used;

(8) Those that prohibit the licensee to export the licensed product unless justified for
the protection of the legitimate interest of the licensor such as exports to countries where
exclusive licenses to manufacture and/or distribute the licensed product(s) have already
been granted;
(9) Those which restrict the use of the technology supplied after the expiration of
technology transfer arrangement, except in cases of early termination of the technology
transfer arrangement due to reason(s) attributable to the licensee;
(10) Those which require payments for patents and other industrial property rights after
their expiration or termination of the technology transfer arrangement;
(11) Those which require that the technology recipient shall not contest the validity of
any patents of the technology supplier;
(12) Those which restrict the research and development activities of the licensee
designed to absorb and adapt the transferred technology to local conditions or to initiate
research and development programs in connection with new products, processes or
equipment;
(13) Those which prevent the licensee from adapting the imported technology to local
conditions, or introducing innovation to it, as long as it does not impair the quality
standards prescribed by the licensor;
(14) Those which exempt the licensor from liability for non-fulfillment of his
responsibilities under the technology transfer arrangement and/or liability arising from
third party suits brought about by the use of the licensed product or the licensed
technology.
Rule 3. Mandatory provisions. Pursuant to Section 88 of the IP Code, the
provisions shall be included in voluntary license contracts:

following

(1) That the laws of the Philippines shall govern the interpretation of the same and in
the event of litigation, the venue shall be the proper court in the place where the
licensee has its principal office;
(2) Continued access to improvements in techniques and processes related to technology
shall be made available during the period of the technology transfer arrangement;
(3) In the event the technology transfer arrangement shall provide for arbitration, the
Procedure of Arbitration of the Arbitration Law of the Philippines or the Arbitration
Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) or
Rules of Conciliation and Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
shall apply and the venue of arbitration shall be the Philippines or any neutral country;
and

(4) The Philippine taxes on all payments relating to the technology transfer arrangement
shall be borne by the licensor.
PART 2
Registration of Exempt Technology Transfer Arrangements
Rule 4. Application for exemption. A sworn application for exemption from any of the
Prohibited Clauses and/or Mandatory Provisions of the IP Code may be filed with the Director
stating the exemption/s being requested, the justification for the exemption/s, and that the
agreement is not subject of any judicial, administrative or other proceeding.
The application must be accompanied by a copy of the agreement, payment of the appropriate
fee/s, and other documents that may be required by the Bureau to support and establish the
merits of the request.
The applicant may submit either a draft or a duly executed and notarized agreement.
Rule 5. Who may file. Any party to a technology transfer arrangement or his duly authorized
representative may file an application for exemption with the Director.
Rule 6. When to file. The application shall be filed in accordance with the following schedule:
(a) New Agreements - within thirty (30) days from the date of execution or effectivity,
whichever is earlier;
(b) Renewal Agreements - anytime prior to the expiration of the term of the existing
technology transfer agreement; and
(c) Amendatory Agreements - within thirty (30) days from the date of effectivity of such
amendment or modification.
Rule 7. Filing date. The date on which the applicant complies with the requirements of the
Bureau is the Filing Date which shall be duly recorded in the Filing Date Entry Book. The
Bureau shall issue to the applicant a Notice of Filing Date which is also the date when
evaluation of the request shall commence.
Rule 8. Notice of additional requirements. Should the Bureau find that the documents
submitted are incomplete or insufficient, the Bureau shall issue a notice to the applicant,
within six (6) days from the Filing Date, requiring the applicant to submit the additional

documents. Failure of the applicant to comply with any of the requirements within a
period of fifteen (15) days from the date of receipt of the notice shall be construed as an
abandonment of the application without prejudice to refiling as a new application. Should the
applicant require additional time to comply with the requirements, a final extension of
fifteen (15) days will be granted upon payment of the required fee.
Rule 9. Scope of evaluation. Requests for exemption shall be evaluated based on the adverse
effects of the terms and conditions of the technology transfer arrangement on competition and
trade. Exemption from the Prohibited Clauses and Mandatory Provisions of the IP Code will be
granted in exceptional or meritorious cases where substantial benefits will accrue to the
economy, such as:
(a) high technology content;
(b) increase in foreign exchange earnings;
(c) employment generation;
(d) regional dispersal of industries;
(e) substitution with or use of local raw materials;
(f) pioneer status registration with the Board of Investments.
Rule 10. Acceptable worldwide industry standards and practices. As part of the evaluation
procedure for requests for exemptions, the Bureau shall take into account acceptable worldwide
industry standards and practices for licensing technology in the relevant sectors.
Rule 11. Recognition of valid intellectual property rights. In the assessment of requests for
exemptions involving clauses which restrict the use of the technology supplied after the
expiration of the technology transfer arrangement under Section 87.9 of the IP Code, the Bureau
shall take into consideration the protection of valid patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret or
other intellectual property rights subsisting even after the termination or expiration of the
technology transfer arrangement.
Rule 12. Payment of taxes. In the evaluation of requests for exemption involving provisions
which do not require the licensor to pay Philippine taxes on all payments relating to the
technology transfer arrangement under section 88.4 of the IP Code [Rule 3 (4) of these
Regulations], the Bureau shall take into consideration current laws, rules and regulations issued
by the Bureau of Internal Revenue regarding the liability for payment of such taxes.
Rule 13. Decision. The Bureau shall decide whether or not to grant the application within thirtyfive (35) days from the Filing Date.

Rule 14. Issuance of certificate. The Bureau shall issue the Certificate of Registration
within two (2) days from approval of the application.
If a draft agreement was submitted for evaluation, the Certificate of Registration shall be
issued two (2) days after the submission of the duly executed agreement provided it shall
not contain any amendment or any modification not authorized by the Bureau.
Rule 15. Certificate registry book. After the issuance of the Certificate of Registration,
the title of the technology transfer arrangement and parties thereto, its registration
number and the date of registration shall be entered in the Certificate Registry Book.
Rule 16. Cancellation of registration. Automatic cancellation of registration shall be made
upon receipt of a duplicate original or certified copy of the registered technology transfer
arrangement containing amendments or modifications that violate the Prohibited Clauses and
Mandatory Provisions of the IP Code without approval of the Bureau.
The Bureau may also cancel the registration of the technology transfer arrangement if,
after evaluation, the Bureau has established that the justification for the grant of an exemption
submitted by the applicant does not exist or has ceased to exist. Such action will be made only
after the parties in whose names the Certificate of Registration was issued are given an
opportunity to be heard.
In both cases, the parties shall be required to surrender the Certificate of Registration provided
that the surrender of the Certificate shall not be a pre-requisite to the cancellation of the
registration.
PART 3
Summary Procedures
CHAPTER 1
Trademark License Agreement
Rule 17. Clearance prior to recordal with the Office. Prior to its recordal, any trademark
license agreement covered by Section 150.1 and Section 150.2 of the IP Code shall be
filed with the Bureau for clearance together with the proof of payment of the filing fee.
Rule 18. Evaluation period. Within a period of ten (10) days, the Bureau shall determine
whether such agreement violates any of Prohibited Clauses or Mandatory the Provisions of
the IP Code.

Rule 19. Certificate of clearance. If an agreement submitted for clearance does not violate
any of the Prohibited Clauses or Mandatory Provisions of the IP Code, the Bureau shall issue
a certificate of clearance and the agreement shall be recorded by the appropriate officer in the
Office.
Rule 20. Notice to comply. Should any provision of the agreement violate any of the
Prohibited Clauses or Mandatory Provisions of the IP Code, the Bureau shall issue a notice
to the parties in the agreement informing them of the violation and requiring them to
comply with pertinent provision of the IP Code prior to recordal.
CHAPTER 2
Certificate of Compliance and Approval for Legal Purposes.
Rule 21. Request for certification of compliance. The parties to a technology transfer
arrangement may jointly file a request for a certification to the effect that the technology
transfer arrangement conforms with the Prohibited Clauses and Mandatory Provisions of the
IP Code. The request shall be under oath, filed in duplicate, state the purpose of the
certification, and state that the agreement is not subject of any judicial, administrative or other
proceeding. It shall be accompanied by a duplicate original copy of the duly executed and
notarized agreement, payment of the required fees, and other documents that will be required by
the Bureau to support and establish the merit of the request.
Rule 22. Evaluation period; action on the request. The Bureau shall conduct a summary
evaluation of the technology transfer arrangement within ten (10) days from filing. If the
technology transfer arrangement conforms with the Prohibited Clauses and Mandatory
Provisions of the IP Code, the Bureau shall issue a Certificate of Compliance. Otherwise,
the Bureau shall give the parties a notice informing them of the violation and requiring them to
comply with the IP Code if they wish to obtain a Certificate of Compliance.

CHAPTER 3
Preliminary Review and/or Pre-Clearance of Technology Transfer Arrangements.
Rule 23. Request for preliminary review. Any party to a technology transfer arrangement may
file a request for a preliminary review of a draft technology transfer arrangement to determine
conformance with the Prohibited Clauses and Mandatory Provisions of the IP Code.

Rule 24. Evaluation period. The Bureau shall conduct a summary evaluation of the draft
technology transfer arrangement within ten (10) days from filing of the application and upon
payment of the required fees.
Rule 25. Notice of findings. The Bureau shall issue a notice of its findings on the draft
technology transfer arrangement as submitted.
Rule 26. Submission of the agreement under Part 2. After the completion of the foregoing
summary procedure, the technology transfer arrangement may be submitted for registration
under Part 2 of these Regulations.
PART 4
Reconsideration and Appeal
Rule 27. Requests for reconsideration. Requests for reconsideration of all actions or decisions
rendered by the Director shall be filed in writing stating clearly and concisely the reasons
therefor and shall, whenever relevant, be accompanied by supporting documents. The request
shall be filed with the Director within fifteen (15) days from receipt of the decision and shall be
accompanied with proof of payment of the required fee. The Director shall render final
decision within thirty-five (35) days from the date of filing of the request in accordance
with this Section.
Rule 28. Appeal to the Director General. Appeal from a decision of the Director shall be filed
with the Office of the Director General in writing stating clearly and concisely the reasons
therefor and shall, whenever relevant, be accompanied by supporting documents. The appeal to
the Office of the Director General shall be made within fifteen (15) days from appellants receipt
of the decision of the Director and shall be accompanied with proof of payment of the required
fee.
Rule 29. Appeal to the Secretary of Trade and Industry. A decision or final order of the
Director General shall be final and executory unless an appeal is filed with the Secretary of
Trade and Industry within fifteen (15) days from appellants receipt of the decision.
PART 5
Miscellaneous Provisions
Rule 30. Rights of licensor. In the absence of any provision to the contrary in the
technology transfer arrangement, the grant of a license shall not prevent the licensor
from granting further licenses to third persons nor from exploiting the subject matter of
the technology transfer arrangement himself.

Rule 31. Rights of licensee. The licensee shall be entitled to exploit the subject matter
of the technology transfer arrangement during the whole term of the technology transfer
arrangement.
Rule 32. Technology transfer agreements subject of judicial proceedings. The Bureau shall not
take cognizance of any request for exemption, clearance for legal purposes, and/or recordal of
trademark license agreement where the validity, enforceability, or any issue involving such
technology transfer arrangement has become the subject of a judicial proceeding.
Rule 33. Publications. The Bureau shall cause to be published in the IPO Gazette all
registered technology transfer agreements. The publication shall contain the names of the
parties, title and subject of the agreement, and specific exemption/s granted, if any.
Rule 34. Office forms. For the convenience of applicants, the Office shall draw up and make
available a standard application form, and such other forms as may be necessary or useful, which
may be reproduced at will by applicants and other persons at their own cost.
Rule 35. Coverage. These rules and regulations shall apply to:
(a) all applications, requests, exemption, and clearance prior to recordal of a trademark license
agreement covering new, renewal or amendatory technology transfer arrangements filed on or
after January 1, 1998 regardless of the date of execution or date of effectivity;
(b) all agreements extending the life of technology transfer agreements with subsisting
registration under the Rules of the Technology Transfer Registry of the Bureau of Patents,
Trademarks and Technology Transfer. Minor changes, such as change in licensor/licensee,
addition/deletion of products, among others, affecting technology transfer agreements with
subsisting registration under the Rules of Practice of the Technology Transfer Registry of the
Bureau of Patents and Technology Transfer may be submitted to the Bureau for notation
purposes.
FINAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. Implementation. In the interest of the service, until the organization of the Bureau is
completed, the functions necessary to implement these Regulations shall be performed by the
personnel of the former Bureau of Patents, Trademarks, and Technology Transfer as may be
designated by the Director General upon the recommendation of the Chief of the Technology
Transfer Registry of the Bureau of Patents Trademarks and Technology Transfer heretofore
designated as Officer-in-Charge or Caretaker of the Documentation Information and Technology
Transfer Bureau.

Section 2. Fees and charges to be prepaid; fees and charges payable in advance. Express
charges, freight, postage, telephone, telefacsimile including cost of paper and other related
expenses, and all other charges on any matter sent to the Office must be prepaid in full.
Otherwise, the Office shall not receive nor perform any action on such matters.The filing fees
and all other fees and charges payable to the Office shall be collected in advance of any service
to be rendered.
Section 3. Repeal. All rules and regulations, memoranda, circulars and memorandum circulars
and parts thereof inconsistent with these Regulations particularly the Rules of Practice of the
Technology Transfer Registry of the Bureau of Patents, Trademarks and Technology Transfer
[BPTTT], as amended, are hereby repealed.
Section 4. Separability. If any provision in these Regulations or application of such provision to
any circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of these Regulations shall not be affected
thereby.
Section 5. Effectivity. These rules and regulations shall take effect fifteen (15) days after
publication in a newspaper of general circulation.
Done this
day of
1998.
EMMA C. FRANCISCO
Director General

REGULATIONS ON INTERPARTES PROCEEDINGS

(Petitions for Cancellations of a Mark Patent, Utility Model, Industry Design, Opposition to
Registration of a Mark & Compulsory Licensing)
Whereas, the State recognizes that an effective intellectual and industrial property system is vital
to the development of domestic creativity, facilitates transfer of technology, attracts foreign
investments and ensures market access for our products;
Whereas, the State recognizes that the use of intellectual property bears a social function and to
this end, the State shall promote the diffusion of knowledge and information for the promotion of
national development and progress and the common good;

Whereas, it is the policy of the State to enhance the enforcement of intellectual property rights in
the country; and, to protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists, inventors artists and
other gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations, particularly when beneficial to
the people;
Now, therefore, pursuant to the provisions of Republic Act No. 8293, otherwise known as the
Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, the following rules and regulations on Inter Partes
Proceedings (Petitions for Cancellation of Patent, Trademark, Utility Model, Industrial Design,
Compulsory Licensing and Opposition to Trademark Registration are hereby promulgated :
RULE 1 DEFINITION OF TERMS Section 1. Definition of Terms Unless otherwise indicated,
the following terms shall be understood as follows:
(a) Bureau means the Bureau of Legal Affairs of the Intellectual Property Office;
(b) Chief Hearing Officer means the officer within the Bureau who examines immediate
supervision over any Hearing Officer. His title or official designation may differ from the words
Chief Hearing Officer depending on the structure of the Office;
(c) Court means a court of general jurisdiction such as Regional Trial Court;
(d) Director means the Director of the Bureau of Legal Affairs; (e) Director General means
the head of the Intellectual Property Office;
(f) Hearing Officer means the Officer within the Bureau authorized to exercise the functions of
Hearing Officer in these Regulations. The title or official designation of such officers may
differ from the words Hearing Officers depending on the structure of the Office;
(g) IP Code means Republic Act No. 8293 otherwise known as the Intellectual Property Code
of the Philippines;
(h) Office means the Intellectual Property Office;
(i) Regulations means this set of rules and regulations and such Regulations as may be
formulated by the Director of the Bureau of Legal Affairs and approved by the Director General;
RULE 2
Inter Partes Proceedings, The Parties To The Proceedings; Jurisdiction; Procedure; Evidence
Section 1. The contested or inter partes proceedings are:
1.1 Patent Cases

(a) Petition to cancel an invention patent, utility model registration, industrial design registration,
or any claim or parts of a claim;
(b) Petition for Compulsory Licensing or a license to exploit a patented invention.
1.2. Trademark Cases
(a) Opposition against the registration of a mark published for opposition; and
(b) Petition to cancel the registration of a mark.
Section 2. Parties in inter partes proceedings. - The Petitioner in a cancellation proceeding and
in a compulsory licensing proceeding and the Opposer in an opposition proceeding shall be
deemed to be in the position of a plaintiff while the Respondent in a cancellation, compulsory
licensing or opposition proceeding shall be in the position of defendant, with respect thereto. The
Petition for Cancellation, Petition for Compulsory Licensing and Notice of Opposition shall
correspond to the Complaint, while the Answer thereto shall correspond to the Answer. The
taking of testimony orally before the Director or any Hearing Officer, the introduction of
documentary evidence during the hearings and the submission of briefs or memoranda, shall
correspond to trial.
Section 3. Original jurisdiction over inter partes proceedings. - The Director shall have original
jurisdiction over inter partes proceedings. Such inter partes proceedings shall be heard before the
Director, any Hearing Officer or other ranking official of the Bureau designated by the Director
but all decisions and final orders shall be signed by the Director.
Section 4. Right of foreign corporation to sue in trademark or service mark enforcement action. Any foreign national or juridical person whether or not engaged in business in the Philippines
may bring a petition for opposition, cancellation or compulsory licensing: Provided, that the
country of which he or it is a national, or domiciled, or has a real and effective industrial
establishment is a party to any convention, treaty or agreement relating to intellectual property
rights or the repression of unfair competition, to which the Philippines is also a party, or extends
reciprocal rights to nationals of the Philippines by law.
Section 5. Jurisdiction of the courts in patent cancellation. - The courts shall have jurisdiction
over petition for the cancellation of the patent where such petition is based on the grounds
enumerated in Section 67 or Section 68 of Republic Act No. 8293. However, where any of the
grounds in Sections 67 or 68 has been raised together with the grounds for cancellation stated in
Sections 49, 61, 109 or 120 in a petition for cancellation of a patent, utility model or industrial
design or where any of such grounds or issues has been raised in an administrative case for
violation of laws involving intellectual property rights, all parties in the petition or administrative
case shall be prohibited from instituting a separate action in court based on Section 67 or Section
68 of Republic Act No. 8293.
Section 6. Rules of Procedure to be followed in the conduct of hearing of inter partes cases. - In
the conduct of hearing of inter partes cases, the rules of procedure herein contained shall be

primarily applied. The Rules of Court, unless inconsistent with these rules, may be applied in
suppletory character, provided, however, that the Director or Hearing Officer shall not be bound
by the strict technical rules of procedure and evidence therein contained but may adopt, in the
absence of any applicable rule herein, such mode of proceedings which is consistent with the
requirements of fair play and conducive to the just, speedy and inexpensive disposition of cases,
and which will give the Bureau the greatest possibility to focus on the technical grounds or issues
before it.
Section 7. Powers of Hearing Officer. A Hearing Officer designated to conduct hearings and
investigation shall be empowered to administer oaths and affirmations, issue subpoena and
subpoena duces tecum to compel attendance of parties and witnesses and the production of any
book, papers, correspondence and other records which are material to the case, and to make
preliminary rulings on questions raised at the hearings, with the ultimate decision being left to
the Director or any final order.
Section 8. Workflow/Procedure in Inter Partes Proceedings.
(a) The Petition for Cancellation, Compulsory Licensing or Notice of Opposition shall be filed
with the Bureau which shall check if the complaint is in due form and thereafter, shall issue an
order for the payment of the required fee.
(b) After payment of the required fee, the petitioner, his counsel or representative shall submit to
the Bureau a copy of the official receipt and present the original thereof for comparison. Within
twenty four (24) hours from receipt of the proof of payment of the required fee, the Assistant
Director of the Bureau shall acknowledge receipt of the papers by assigning the Inter Partes Case
Number, docket the same and then assign the case to any of the Hearing Officers through raffle
under the rules promulgated by the Director General.
(c) Within three (3) working days from receipt of the petition by the Bureau, the Hearing Officer
to whom the petition is assigned shall immediately prepare and send, in the name of the Director,
to all parties required to be notified in the IP Code and these Regulations the necessary orders,
notice of publication, summons, and other notices, either by registered mail or by personal
delivery.
Section 9. Summons and answer. - The summons shall require respondent to answer the petition
(and not to file a motion to dismiss) within fifteen (15) days from service of the summons.
(a) Answer - The respondent shall answer the petition in writing, either by denying specifically
the material allegations of the petition or by alleging any lawful defense. He shall file his answer
together with the sworn statements and documentary evidence and serve copies thereof upon the
petitioner or opposer.
(b) amended, the time fixed for the filing and service of the answer shall, unless otherwise
ordered, run from receipt of notice of the order admitting the amended petition or opposition
from service of such amended petition. The original answer shall be considered as answer to the
amended petition unless a new answer is filed within ten (10) days from notice or service.

(c) No motion to dismiss - No motion to dismiss shall be entertained. Instead, all grounds for
dismissal shall be pleaded as affirmative defenses, the resolution of which shall be made in the
decision on the merits. The Hearing Officer may, for good cause shown, conduct a hearing on
any of the affirmative defenses if this will promote expediency in the resolution of the pending
case.
Section 10. Pre-trial - Upon joinder of issues, the designated clerk of the Bureau shall prepare
the Notice of Pre-Trial upon receipt of invitation from the Hearing Officer setting the date of the
pre-trial conference. The pre-trial conference shall be set within two (2) months but not earlier
than one (1) month from receipt of the Answer or other pleading. The notice of pre-trial shall be
delivered by personal delivery or registered mail within two (2) days from the date on which
instruction was given to the clerk. The notice of pre-trial shall require the parties to submit a pretrial brief containing the following :
(a) A brief statement of the parties claims and defenses;
(b) Suggestions, if any, for simplification of issues;
(c) A list of documents they intend to produce as evidence, together with appropriate markings as
exhibits as well as the identification of witnesses and a statement of the substance and purpose of
their testimony during the hearing on the merits. These documents must be produced for
examination during the pre-trial conference without prejudice to the presentation of additional
documents during the trial if the party was prevented from producing the same during the pretrial on account of fraud, accident, mistake, excusable negligence or such other reason which the
Director or Hearing Officer deems justifiable in the interest of justice and fair play;
(d) A statement whether they can stipulate on facts not covered by admissions in their pleadings.
If so, they should come with drafts of matters they are ready to stipulate on;
(e) A statement whether they are open to the possibility of an amicable settlement; if so, they
should be prepared on the pre-trial date to submit their minimum demands for purposes of
settlement; and,
(f) Such other matters as may aid in the prompt disposition of the action.
Each party shall file with the Bureau and serve on the adverse party said pre-trial briefs at least
three (3) days before the date of pre-trial conference fixed in the notice.
As counsel needs the consent of his client for purposes of accepting an offer of compromise, the
attendance not only of the attorneys of record but also of the parties themselves, is required for
the pre-trial conference. Presence of any party may be dispensed with if his counsel is provided
with a notarized power of attorney or the appropriate corporate authorization to make admissions
and/or to accept and approve compromise proposals.
The failure of the petitioner/opposer to appear when so required shall be cause for dismissal of
the action with prejudice. A similar failure on the part of the respondent shall be cause to allow

the petitioner/opposer to present his evidence ex parte and the Director to render judgment on the
basis thereof.
Section 11. (a) Dismissal for failure to prosecute. - If the petitioner/opposer does not appear at
the time and place designated in the Notice of Pre-trial Conference or a Notice of Hearing or in a
subsequent order, or failed to prosecute his case for an unreasonable length of time, or fail to
comply with these Regulations or any order of the Bureau, the petition or notice of opposition, as
the case may be, may be dismissed for failure to prosecute and judgment rendered for the
respondent to recover his costs from the petitioner/opposer, provided, however, that the Bureau
may cancel the patent or trademark registration where it finds evidence independent of the
petitioners submission. Within fifteen (15) days after receipt of the Order of Dismissal, the
petitioner/opposer may file a motion to set aside such order if his failure to appear was by reason
of fraud, accident, mistake or excusable negligence.
(b) Effect of failure of respondent to answer. - If the respondent fails to answer within the period
herein provided, the Hearing Officer shall, upon motion of the petitioner/opposer or motu propio,
declare the respondent in default and forthwith receive evidence ex parte and submit his
recommendations, to the Director. No service of papers other than substantially amended or
supplemental pleadings and final orders or decisions shall be necessary on a party in default
unless he files a motion to set aside the Order of Default within fifteen (15) days from receipt
thereof on any of the grounds mentioned in the preceding paragraph, in which event he shall be
entitled to notice of all further proceedings regardless of whether the order of default is set aside
or not.
Section 12. Conduct of hearings - Should the Hearing Officer be absent on any scheduled date of
hearing, the hearing shall automatically be conducted by his Chief Hearing Officer or, upon
instruction of the Director, by any other Hearing Officer. All hearings shall be continuous until
terminated and no postponement of hearings, specially those scheduled by agreement of the
parties, shall be allowed over the objection of any party. However, in extremely meritorious
cases and upon written motion filed with the Hearing Officer at least three (3) days before the
scheduled hearing with proof of personal service upon the other party or parties, a postponement
may be granted.
Section 13. Order of trial - The following procedure shall be observed during the hearing of the
case :
(a) The petitioner shall submit to the Hearing Officer and serve on the adverse party the sworn
statement of the witnesses (which shall constitute the direct testimony of the affiants) and other
documentary evidence at least three (3) days before the scheduled hearing and shall make his
witnesses available for cross-examination by respondent during the scheduled hearing.
(b) The respondent shall then present the sworn statements of witnesses (which shall constitute
the direct testimony of the affiants) and other documentary evidence and shall make his
witnesses available for cross-examination by petitioner during the scheduled hearing.

(c) The petitioner and the respondent may, in succession, present rebuttal and sur-rebuttal
evidence, with the direct testimony of witness being reduced into affidavit form, as herein
prescribed.
(d) If the testimony of the witness residing outside the Philippines is to be taken, said witness
may testify personally in his own behalf, or the direct examination may be in the form of an
authenticated affidavit and be submitted within the period fixed by the Hearing Officer, and the
opposing party may cross-examine the witness through written interrogatories in the manner
prescribed by the Rules of Court. The party presenting the witness shall bear the expenses
pertaining thereto and shall obtain the necessary approval for the deposition. Submission of the
Answer to cross interrogatories to the Bureau shall be made within six (6) months from the date
of the issuance of the Letters Commission. Said period may be extended once for very justifiable
reasons. In no case, however, shall the submission of said Answer exceed one (1) year from date
of issuance of Letters Commission. Otherwise, the testimony of said foreign witness shall be
stricken out by the Hearing Officer, motu propio or upon motion of the opposing party.
(e) Failure to present the sworn statement of the witnesses and documentary evidence at the pretrial shall be deemed a waiver of the right to present evidence during the hearing.
Section 14. Demurrer to evidence not allowed - No demurrer to evidence shall be entertained
after the presentation of petitioners evidence. Respondent shall forthwith present evidence in its
behalf.
Section 15. Director or Hearing Officer not bound by technical rules of evidence. - The Director,
Chief Hearing Officer or any Hearing Officer shall receive relevant and material evidence, rule
on offer of evidence and exclude all irrelevant matter, and shall act according to justice and
fairness. The Bureau in the exercise of its power to investigate and hear cases within its
jurisdiction shall not be strictly bound by the technical rules of evidence. The Bureau shall,
however, take judicial cognizance of the official acts of the legislative, executive and judicial
departments of the Philippines, the laws of nature, scientific facts as published in treatises,
periodicals, or pamphlets and other facts which are of public knowledge or general knowledge as
would enable the Director, Chief Hearing Officer or Hearing Officer to rule upon the technical
issues in the case.
Section 16. Judgment on the Pleadings. - When an answer fails to tender an issue or otherwise
admits the material allegations of the adverse partys pleading, the Director may, on motion of
said adverse party, render judgment on such pleadings.
Section 17. Summary judgment - Any party seeking to recover upon a petition, a claim,
counterclaim or cross-claim or against whom a petition, claim, cross-claim or counterclaim is
asserted may, at any time after the issues are joined, move with supporting affidavit, depositions
or admissions of parties, for a summary judgment in his favor as to all or any part thereof. The
motion shall be served at least ten (10) days before the time specified for the hearing. The
adverse party may file with the Bureau and serve opposing affidavits at least three (3) days prior
to the day of hearing. After the hearing, the judgment sought shall be rendered forthwith if the
pleadings, depositions and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, show that there is no

genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a
matter of law.
Section 18. Transcript - The stenographer or such other personnel as may be authorized by the
Director shall take down notes of all the proceedings in the hearing. At the end of each hearing,
he shall immediately transcribe all notes taken thereat and deliver said notes as well as the
transcript thereof, duly certified, initialled on each page and signed by him on the last page, to
the Hearing Officer, to be attached to the record of the case at least ten (10) days before the next
hearing or the date of the first day in a scheduled series of continuous hearings.
Section 19. Introduction of document belonging to another case. - Whenever a party in an inter
partes proceeding desires to submit, as his own evidence, a document filed in another case,
separate from the case being heard, he should, for such purpose, secure a certified copy of such
document, paying the required fee therefor.
Section 20. Case not to be discussed informally unless in presence of both parties. - It is strictly
and absolutely forbidden for the Director or for any Hearing Officer or any employee of the
Bureau who may have anything to do directly or indirectly with the hearing, decision, or
preparation of the decision, in any pending inter partes case, to discuss informally the case or any
phase thereof with any of the contending parties or their attorneys, except in the presence of the
adverse party or his attorney.
Section 21. Equitable principles may be applied. - In all inter partes proceedings, the equitable
principles of laches, estoppel and acquiescence, when applicable, may be considered and applied.
Section 22. Submission of memoranda and draft decision. Parties shall be required to submit
their memoranda within one (1) month from receipt of the order of admissibility of exhibits.
Unless otherwise provided for by special laws, the appropriate final pleadings required of the
parties to be submitted shall include a draft of the decision/resolution they seek, stating clearly
and distinctly the facts and the law upon which it is based. The Hearing Officer may adopt, in
whole or in part, either of the parties draft decisions/resolutions, or reject both. This requirement
shall likewise be applied to orders other than the final judgment.
Section 23. Hearing Officers report. - Within one (1) month from the date on which the case was
submitted for decision, the Hearing Officer, in consultation and coordination with the Chief
Hearing Officer, shall submit his report, findings and draft of the decision through the Chief
Hearing Officer who shall affix his initial thereon for approval of the Director.
RULE 3
Cancellation of Patents
Section 1. Cancellation of Patents; - Grounds. (a) Any interested party may, upon payment of the
required fee, petition to cancel the patent or any claim thereof, or parts of the claim, on any of the
following:
(i) that what is claimed as the invention is not patentable;

(ii) that the patent does not disclose the invention in a manner sufficiently clear and complete for
it to be carried out by any person skilled in the art;
(iii) that the patent is contrary to public order or morality;
(iv) that the patent includes matters outside the scope of the disclosure contained in the
application as filed.
(b) Cancellation by person having right to the patent. A person declared by final court order or
decision as having the right to the patent may, within three (3) months after the decision has
become final, seek cancellation of the patent, if one has already been issued.
(c) Interested Party. - A party interested in the patent shall include any person including a person
declared by final court order or decision to be the true and actual inventor.
Section 2. Partial Cancellation. - Where the grounds for the cancellation relate to some of the
claims or parts of the claim, cancellation may be effected to such extent only in which case, the
Office shall reissue the amended patent.
Section 3. Requirement of the Petition. - The petition for cancellation shall be in writing, verified
by the petitioner or by any person in his behalf who knows the facts, specify the grounds upon
which it is based, include a statement of the facts relied upon, and filed in triplicate with the
Bureau. Copies of printed publications or of patents of other countries, and other supporting
documents mentioned in the petition shall be attached thereto, together with the translation
thereof in English, if not in the English language.
Section 4. Notice of Hearing. The Hearing Officer shall serve in the name of the Director,
notice of the filing of the petition upon the patentee and all persons having grants or licenses, or
any other right, title or interest in and to the patent and the invention covered thereby, as appears
of record in the Office, and of notice of the date of hearing thereon on such persons and the
petitioner. Notice of the filing of the petition shall be published in the IPO Gazette.
Section 5. (a) The Committee of Three. - In cases involving highly technical issues, on motion of
any party, the Director may order that the petition be heard and decided by a committee
composed of the Director as chairman and two (2) members who have the experience or
expertise in the field of technology to which the patent sought to be cancelled relates.
(b) Cancellation of the Patent by the Committee. - If the Committee finds that a case for
cancellation has been proved, it shall order the patent or any specified claim or claims thereof
cancelled.
(c) Amendment made by the Patentee during the Cancellation proceedings. - If the Committee
finds that, taking into consideration the amendment made by the patentee during the cancellation
proceedings, the patent and the invention to which it relates meet the requirement of the IP Code,
it may decide to maintain the patent as amended : Provided, that the fee for printing of a new
patent is paid within one (1) month from the date of the decision of the committee. If the fee for

the printing of the new patent is not paid in due time, the patent shall be revoked at the expiration
of the period for payment.
(d) Publication of the amended patent. If the patent is amended per decision of the committee,
the Bureau shall, at the same time as it publishes the mention of the cancellation decision,
publish the abstract, representative claims and drawings indicating clearly what the amendments
consist of.
Section 6. Effect of Cancellation of Patent or Claim. - The rights conferred by the patent or any
specified claim or claims cancelled shall terminate. Notice of the cancellation shall be published
in the IPO Gazette.
Section 7. Patent Found Invalid May be Cancelled. If, in an action for infringement filed
before the court, the court finds the patent or any claim to be invalid, it shall cancel the same.
Such order of cancellation shall be forwarded to the Director who shall cause the recording and
publication of notice of such order in the IPO Gazette upon receipt of the final judgment of
cancellation by the court. Such recording shall be made in the appropriate register of the Office.
RULE 4
Cancellation of Utility Model Registration
Section 1. Grounds for cancellation of utility model registration. - At any time during the term of
the utility model registration, any person, upon payment of the required fee, may petition the
Director to cancel the utility model registration on any of the following grounds:
(a) That the claimed invention does not qualify for registration as a utility model and does not
meet the requirements of registrability, in particular:
(1) if it is not new as provided in Sections 23 and 24 of the IP Code;
(2) if it is not industrially applicable as provided in Section 27 of the IP Code; or
(3) if it is excluded from patent protection as provided in Section 22 of the IP Code.
(b) That the description and the claims do not comply with the prescribed requirements;
(c) That any drawing which is necessary for the understanding of the invention has not been
furnished;
(d) That the owner of the utility model registration is not the inventor or his successor in title; or
(e) That the utility model registration extends beyond the content of the application as originally
filed.

Section 2. Procedure for the cancellation of utility model. - The procedure for the cancellation of
patent shall apply mutatis mutandis to the cancellation of utility model.
Section 3. Effect of Cancellation of Utility Model Registration. The rights conferred by the
registration of the utility model shall terminate upon the cancellation of such registration.
RULE 5
Cancellation of Design Registration
Section 1. Grounds for the Cancellation of Design Registration. - At any time during the term of
the industrial design registration, any person upon payment of the required fee, may petition the
Director to cancel the industrial design on any of the following grounds:
(a) that the industrial design does not give a special appearance to and can not serve as pattern
for an industrial product or handicraft;
(b) that the industrial design is not new or original;
(c) that the industrial design is dictated essentially by technical or functional consideration to
obtain a technical result;
(d) that the industrial design is contrary to public order, health or morals; or
(e) that the subject matter of the industrial design extends beyond the content of the application
as originally filed.
Section 2. Partial Cancellation. - Where the grounds for cancellation relate to a part of the
industrial design, cancellation may be effected to such extent only. The restriction may be
effected in the form of an alteration of the effected features of the design.
Section 3. Procedure. - The procedure prescribed by these Regulations in the cancellation of
patent and utility model registration shall be applied mutatis mutandis in the cancellation of
design registration.
Section 4. Effect of Cancellation. - The rights conferred by the registration of a design shall
terminate upon the cancellation of such registration.
RULE 6
Petition for Compulsory Licensing
Section 1. Patents subject to proceedings for compulsory licensing. - Invention patents, industrial
design registration and utility model registration are all subject to proceedings for compulsory
licensing.

Section 2. Who may file petition for compulsory licensing; time for filing the petition. - Upon the
payment of the required fee, any person may file a petition for compulsory licensing at any time
after the grant of the patent or registration of the industrial design or utility model. However, if
the petition is based on the ground that the patented invention is not being worked in the
Philippines on a commercial scale, although capable of being worked, without any satisfactory
reason, the petition may be filed at any time after the expiration of a period of four (4) years from
the date of filing of the application or three (3) years from the date of the patent whichever
period expires last.
Section 3. Grounds for Compulsory Licensing. - The Director may grant a license to exploit a
patented invention, even without the agreement of the patent owner, in favor of any person who
has shown his capability to exploit the invention, under any of the following circumstances:
(a) National emergency or other circumstances of extreme urgency;
(b) Where the public interest, in particular, national security, nutrition, health or the development
of other vital sectors of the national economy as determined by the appropriate agency of the
Government, so requires; or
(c) Where a judicial or administrative body has determined that the manner of exploitation by the
owner of the patent or his licensee is anti-competitive; or
(d) In case of public non-commercial use of the patent by the patentee, without satisfactory
reason;
(e) If the patented invention is not being worked in the Philippines on a commercial scale,
although capable of being worked, without satisfactory reason; Provided, that the importation of
the patented article shall constitute working or using the patent.
Section 4. Requirement to Obtain a License on Reasonable Commercial Terms. -The license will
only be granted after the petitioner has made efforts to obtain authorization from the patent
owner on reasonable commercial terms and conditions but such efforts have not been successful
within a reasonable period of time.
Section 5. When a petition for compulsory licensing may be granted even without efforts to
obtain authorization from the patent owner. - The requirement under the preceding section shall
not apply in the following cases:
(a) Where the petition for compulsory license seeks to remedy a practice determined after
judicial or administrative process to be anti-competitive;
(b) In situations of national emergency or other circumstances of extreme urgency;
(c) In cases of public non-commercial use.

Section 6. Notice to the Right Holder. (a) In situations of national emergency or other
circumstances of extreme urgency, the right holder shall be notified as soon as reasonably
practicable.
(b) In the case of public non-commercial use, where the government or contractor, without
making a patent search, knows or has demonstrable grounds to know that a valid patent is or will
be used by or for the government, the right holder shall be informed promptly.
Section 7. Compulsory Licensing of Patents Involving Semi-Conductor Technology. - In the case
of compulsory licensing of patents involving semi-conductor technology, the license may only be
granted in case of public non-commercial use or to remedy a practice determined after judicial or
administrative process to be anti-competitive.
Section 8. Compulsory License Based on Interdependence of Patents. - If the invention protected
by a patent, hereafter referred to as the second patent, within the country cannot be worked
without infringing another patent, hereafter referred to as the first patent, granted on a prior
application or benefiting from an earlier priority, a compulsory license may be granted to the
owner of the second patent to the extent necessary for the working of his invention, subject to the
following conditions :
(a) The invention claimed in the second patent involves an important technical advance of
considerable economic significance in relation to the first patent;
(b) The owner of the first patent shall be entitled to a cross-license on reasonable terms to use the
invention claimed in the second patent;
(c) The use authorized in respect of the first patent shall be non-assignable except with the
assignment of the second patent; and
(d) The terms and conditions of Section 95 (Requirement to obtain a license on reasonable
commercial terms), Section 96 (Compulsory Licensing of patents involving semi-conductor
technology), Section 98 (Form and Contents of Petition), Section 99 (Notice of Hearing), and
Section 100 (Terms and Conditions of Compulsory License) of the IP Code.
Section 9. Form and Contents of Petition. - The petition for compulsory licensing must be in
writing, verified by the petitioner and accompanied by payment of the required filing fee. It shall
contain the name and address of the petitioner as well as those of the respondents, the number
and date of issue of the patent in connection with which compulsory license is sought, the name
of the patentee, the title of the invention, the statutory grounds upon which compulsory license is
sought, the ultimate facts constituting the petitioners cause of action, and the relief prayed for.
Section 10. Notice of Hearing. - Upon filing of a petition, the Director shall forthwith serve
notice of the filing thereof upon the patent owner and all persons having grants or licenses, or
any other right, title or interest in and to the patent and invention covered thereby as appears on
the record in the Office, and of notice of the date of hearing thereon, on such persons and
petitioner. The resident agent or representative appointed in accordance with Section 33 of the IP

Code, shall be bound to accept service of notice of the filing of the petition within the meaning
of this Section.
Section 11. Publication of Notice. - In every case, the Director shall cause the notice to be
published in a newspaper of general circulation once a week for three (3) consecutive weeks and
once in the IPO Gazette at the expense of the applicant.
Section 12. Grant of license. - (a) If the Director finds that a grant of license under the preceding
sections has been made out, he shall, within six (6) months from the date the petition was filed,
order the grant of an appropriate license.
(b) A compulsory license sought for public non-commercial use shall be issued within six (6)
months from the filing of the proponents application or receipt of the Board of Investments
endorsement.
Section 13. Terms and Conditions of Compulsory License. - The parties may agree on the basic
terms and conditions including the rate of royalties of a compulsory license. In the absence of
agreement between the parties, the Director shall fix the terms and conditions including the rate
of royalties of the compulsory license subject to the following conditions :
(a) The scope and duration of such license shall be limited to the purpose for which it was
authorized;
(b) The license shall be non-exclusive;
(c) The license shall be non-assignable, except with the part of the enterprise or business with
which the invention is being exploited;
(d) Use of the subject matter of the license shall be devoted predominantly for the supply of the
Philippine market: Provided, that this limitation shall not apply where the grant of the license is
based on the ground that the patentees manner of exploiting the patent is determined by judicial
or administrative process to be anti-competitive.
(e) The license may be terminated upon proper showing that circumstances which led to its grant
have ceased to exist and are unlikely to recur: Provided, that adequate protection shall be
afforded to the legitimate interest of the licensee;
(f) The patentee shall be paid adequate remuneration taking into account the economic value of
the grant or authorization, except that in cases where the license was granted to remedy a
practice which was determined after judicial or administrative process, to be anti-competitive,
the need to correct the anti-competitive practice may be taken into account in fixing the amount
of remuneration.
Section 14. Amendment of Compulsory License. - Upon the request of the patentee or the
licensee, the Director may amend the decision granting the compulsory license, upon proper
showing of new facts or circumstances justifying such amendment.

Section 16. Surrender of the license by the licensee. - The licensee may surrender the license by a
written declaration submitted to the Office.
Section 17. Publication of the amendment, surrender, or cancellation of the license. - The
Director shall cause the amendment, surrender, or cancellation to be recorded in the appropriate
Register of the Office, notify the patentee, and/or the licensee, and cause notice thereof to be
published, at the expense of the petitioner, in the IPO Gazette.
RULE 7
Opposition to Application for Registration of Marks
Section 1.(a) Who may oppose. - Any person who believes that he would be damaged by the
registration of a mark may, upon payment of the required fee and within one (1) month after the
publication of the application, file with the Bureau a notice of opposition to the application.
b) Notice of opposition. The notice of opposition shall be in writing and verified by the
opposer or any person on his behalf who knows the facts, and shall specify the grounds on which
it is based and include a statement of the facts relied upon.
Section 2. (a) Notice and Hearing. Upon the filing of an opposition and payment of the
required fee, the Bureau shall serve notice of the filing on the applicant, and of the date of the
hearing thereof upon the applicant and the oppositor and all other persons having any right, title
or interest in the mark covered by the application, as appear of record in the Office.
(b) Notice in case of unverified notice of opposition. - The Bureau may notify the applicant of
the fact of filing of an unverified opposition. The applicant, after payment of the required fee,
may request for a copy of the unverified opposition.
(c) The notice to answer will be sent to the applicant/respondent upon the filing of the verified
opposition.
(d) Dismissal of opposition. - The opposition will be dismissed motu propio upon failure of the
opposer to verify, in person or by any person on his behalf who knows the facts, the notice of
opposition within two (2) months from date of filing of the unverified opposition.
Section 3. Contents of the notice of opposition.- Copies of certificates of registration of marks
registered in other countries or other supporting documents mentioned in the opposition shall be
filed with the opposition together with the translation in English, if not in the English language.
Section 4. (a) Extension of period for filing the verified opposition. - For good cause shown and
upon payment of the required surcharge, the time for filing the verified opposition may be
extended for an additional one (1) month by the Director upon the written request of the opposer.
Whenever an extension is granted, the Director shall cause the applicant to be notified thereof.
The petition for extension shall be filed in triplicate. However, in no case shall the period within

which to file the verified opposition exceed four (4) months from the date of release of the IPO
Gazette publishing the mark being opposed. If the last day for filing of the notice of opposition
or the verified opposition falls on a Saturday, Sunday, holiday, non-working holiday as may be
declared by the President of the Philippines or on a day when the Office or the Bureau is closed
for business as may be declared by the Director General, the same shall be moved to the
immediately following working day.
Section 5. Filing of an opposition in a form other than the original. The party filing the
opposition may submit an opposition in a form other than the original such as a facsimile copy or
photocopy provided: (1) that such fax, photocopy or other form complies with the requirements
of these Regulations and is filed within the period to file the notice of opposition or the verified
opposition, or any extension thereof, (2) that the original copy of the verified opposition is filed
within one (1) month from submission of the fax, photocopy or other form and, (3) that the
original copy of the verified opposition is filed within the maximum period of four (4) months
counted from the date of release of the IPO Gazette publishing the mark being opposed. In all
cases, the notice to answer shall be sent to the applicant only upon the filing of the original copy
of the verified opposition.
RULE 8
Cancellation of Registration of Marks
Section1. Who may file a petition for cancellation. Any person who believes that he is or will be
damaged by the registration of a mark may file with the Bureau a petition to cancel such
registration.
Section 2. When may a petition be filed. The petition for cancellation of the registration of a
mark may be filed:
(a) Within five (5) years from the date of registration of the mark under the IP Code;
(b) at any time, if the registered mark becomes the generic name for the goods or services, or a
portion thereof, for which it is registered, or has been abandoned, or its registration was obtained
fraudulently or contrary to the provisions of the IP Code, or if the registered mark is being used
by, or with the permission of, the registrant so as to misrepresent the source of the goods or
services on or in connection with which the mark is used. If the registered mark becomes the
generic name for less than all of the goods or services for which it is registered, a petition to
cancel the registration for only those goods or services may be filed. A registered mark shall not
be deemed to be the generic name of goods or services solely because such mark is also used as a
name of or to identify a unique product or service. The primary significance of the registered
mark to the relevant public rather than purchaser motivation shall be the test for determining
whether the registered mark has become the generic name of goods or services on or in
connection with which it has been used. Evidence on purchaser motivation shall not be admitted;

(c) At any time, if the registered owner of the mark without legitimate reason fails to use the
mark within the Philippines, or to cause it to be used in the Philippines by virtue of a license
during an uninterrupted period of at least three (3) years.
Section 3. Contents of petition for cancellation. - The petition for cancellation shall give the
name and address of the petitioner as well as those of the necessary party or parties respondent;
and shall state the registration number and date of the registration sought to be cancelled; the
name of the registrant; the statutory ground or grounds upon which cancellation is sought; the
ultimate facts constituting the petitioners cause or causes of action and the relief sought.
Section 4. Verification of petition. - A petition for cancellation filed in triplicate shall be verified
by the petitioner or by any person in his behalf who knows the facts.
Section 5. Service of petition and notice of hearing. - Upon the filing of a petition for
cancellation in proper form and payment of the required fee, the Director shall cause a copy of
such petition to be served on the party or parties respondent, requiring such party or parties to
answer the petition. After the issues have been joined, the Director will cause a date to be set for
the hearing of the case, which will be communicated to both parties.
Section 6. Power of the Bureau to cancel the mark in the exercise of its power to hear and
adjudicate any action to enforce the rights to a registered mark. - Notwithstanding the foregoing
provisions, the court or the Bureau shall, in the exercise of its power to hear and adjudicate any
action to enforce the rights to a registered mark, likewise determine whether the registration of
said mark may be cancelled in accordance with the IP Code.
Section 7. Effect of filing of a suit before the Bureau or with the proper court. The filing of a suit
to enforce the registered mark with the proper court or Bureau shall exclude any other court or
agency from assuming jurisdiction over a subsequently filed petition to cancel the same mark.
On the other hand, the earlier filing of petition to cancel the mark with the Bureau shall not
constitute a prejudicial question that must be resolved before an action to enforce the rights to
same registered mark may be decided.
Section 8. Cancellation of Registration. - If the Bureau finds that a case for cancellation has been
made out, it shall order the cancellation of the registration. When the order or judgment becomes
final, any right conferred by such registration upon the registrant or any person in interest of
record shall terminate. Notice of cancellation shall be published in the IPO Gazette.
RULE 9
Reconsideration; Appeal
Section 1. Appeal to the Director General.
(a) The decision or order of the Director or the Committee of Three shall become final and
executory fifteen (15) days after receipt of a copy thereof by the party affected unless within the
said period, a motion for reconsideration is filed with the Director or an appeal to the Director
General has been perfected.

(b) Interlocutory orders shall not be appealable.

Section 2. Grounds of and period for filing motion for reconsideration. Within the period for
taking an appeal, the aggrieved party may move for reconsideration upon the grounds that the
evidence is insufficient to justify the decision or final order, or that the decision or final order is
contrary to law.
Section 3. Contents of motion for reconsideration and notice thereof. The motion shall be made
in writing stating the ground or grounds therefor, a written notice of which shall be served by the
movant on the adverse party.
A motion for reconsideration shall point out specifically the findings or conclusions of the
judgment or final order which are not supported by the evidence or which are contrary to law,
making express reference to the testimonial or documentary evidence or to provisions of law
alleged to be contrary to such findings or conclusions.
A pro forma motion for reconsideration shall not toll the reglementary period of appeal.
Section 4. Action upon motion for reconsideration. If the Director finds that the judgment or final
order is contrary to the evidence or law, he may amend such judgment or final order accordingly.
Section 5. Resolution of motion. A Motion for reconsideration shall be resolved within one (1)
month from the time it is submitted for resolution.
Section 6. Second motion for reconsideration. No party shall be allowed a second motion for
reconsideration of a judgment or final order.
Section 7. Partial reconsideration. If the grounds for a motion under this Rule appear to the
Director to affect the issues as to only a part, or less than all of the matter in controversy, or only
one, or less than all, of the parties to it, he may grant reconsideration as to such is
Section 8. Remedy against order denying a motion for reconsideration. An order denying a
motion for reconsideration is not appealable, the remedy being an appeal from the judgment or
final order.
Section 9. Appeal to the Court of Appeals or Supreme Court. No motion for reconsideration of
any decision or final order of the Director General shall be entertained and, the decision or final
order of the Director General shall be final and executory unless an appeal to the Court of
Appeals or the Supreme Court is perfected in accordance with Rule 41 of the Rules of Court
applicable to appeals from decisions of Regional Trial Courts.
RULE 10
Execution of Decisions Pending Appeal

Section 1. Order of execution. - On motion of the prevailing party with notice to the adverse
party, and upon filing of the approved bond, the Director may, in his discretion, order execution
to issue even before the expiration of the time to appeal, upon good reasons to be stated in the
order. Such execution, however, may be stayed by filing of an approved counterbond.
Section 2. Cancellation of Patent is immediately executory. Unless restricted by the Director, the
decision or order to cancel the patent, claim or part of a claim by the Director shall be
immediately executory even pending appeal.
RULE 11
Judgments, Final Orders and Entry Thereof
Section 1. Rendition of judgments and final orders. A judgment or final order determining the
merits of the case shall be in writing, stating clearly and distinctly the facts and the law on which
it is based, signed by the Director, and filed with the appropriate Register of the Office.
It is the filing of the decision, judgment or final order with the Register, not the signing thereof,
that constitute rendition or promulgation.
Section 2. Entry of judgments and final orders. If no appeal or motion for reconsideration is
filed within the time provided in these Regulations, the Director shall forthwith cause the entry
of the judgment or final order in the appropriate Register of the Office. The date of finality of the
judgment or final order shall be deemed to be the date of its entry. The record shall contain the
dispositive part of the judgment or final order and shall be signed by the Director, with a
certificate that such judgment or final order has become final and executory.
If no appeal or motion for reconsideration has been filed on time, the judgment or final order
rendered by the Director or the Director General, as the case may be, becomes final and
executory, and should immediately be caused to be entered by the Director. To ensure this action
the prevailing party should file a motion for the entry (and execution, if proper) of the judgment.
The date of entry is the starting point of the six months period for filing a petition of relief, as
well as the five years period of prescription of judgments.
This rule corrects the erroneous practice of entering the judgment or final order long after it had
become final and executory. Even if the physical act of entering the judgment or final order is
done after it had become final and executory, the date when it became final and executory shall
be deemed the date of its entry.
FINAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. Coverage. These rules and regulations shall apply to all inter partes cases pending
with the Bureau of Patents, Trademarks and Technology Transfer upon the effectivity of the IP
Code on January 1, 1998, including interference proceedings declared prior to the effectivity of
these Regulations and all inter partes cases filed with the Office on and after the effectivity of the
IP Code.

Section 1.1. Trademark applications pending on effective date of the IP Code;

Opposition;Interference. The following procedure shall apply to interfering applications for
registration in the principal register of marks under Republic Act No. 166, as amended, pending
on the effective date of the IP Code on January 1, 1998:
(a) In all cases where interference may be declared under Republic Act No. 166, as amended, and
its implementing rules and regulations, as amended, the application which first meets the
requirements for registration shall be allowed and published for opposition in the IPO Gazette by
the Director of the Bureau of Trademarks in accordance with the Rules and Regulations on
Trademarks, Service Marks, Trade Names and Marked or Stamped Containers dated 30
September 1998.
(b) The Director of Trademarks shall notify the other applicant or applicants of the fact of
allowance and publication with the advice that said other applicant or applicants have the right to
file with the Bureau of Trademarks a notice of opposition, without need of paying the filing fee,
to determine whether or not any of the applicant/s and or oppositor/s has the right to the
registration of the mark including all other issues such as the registrability of the mark.
(c) Within five (5) days from receipt of a notice of opposition from the other applicant or any of
them if there be more than one other applicant, the Director of Trademarks shall endorse all the
files of the allowed application and the application of the opposing applicant or applicants to the
Bureau of Legal Affairs for prosecution in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations
governing oppositions.
(d) All other oppositors, if any, shall file their notice of opposition with the Bureau of Legal
Affairs in accordance with these Regulations.
Section 2. Implementation. In the interest of the service and in order to ensure the continued
hearing and disposition of all the cases before the Office, until the organization of the Bureau of
Legal Affairs is completed, the functions necessary to implement these regulations shall be
performed by the personnel of the former Bureau of Patents, Trademarks and Technology
Transfer as may be designated by the Director General upon recommendation of the Chief of the
Hearing Division of the Bureau of Patents, Trademarks and Technology Transfer who was
heretofore designated as Officer-in-Charge or Caretaker of the Bureau of Legal Affairs.
Section 3. Separability. If any provision in these Regulations or application of such provision to
any circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of these Regulations shall not be affected
thereby.
Section 4. Effectivity. These rules and regulations shall take effect fifteen (15) days after
publication in a newspaper of general circulation.
Done this ____ day of _____________ 1998
EMMA C. FRANCISCO
Director General