NOTES

ON
SEISMICLOADSACCORDINGTO
ASCE0710

Ss ,S1mappedMCER,5percentdamped,spectralresponseaccelerationparameteratshortperiodsand1second
(AccordingtoSiteorOwner)

Sms ,Sm1mappedMCER,5percentdamped,spectralresponseaccelerationparameteratshortperiodsand1second
(adjustedtositebyfaandfv

Sds ,Sd1Designspectralresponseaccelerationparameter
SaDesignspectralresponseacceleration

Ss,S1mappedspectral
AccelerationParameter
(AccordingtoSiteorOwner)

SDs ,SD1 Design

SpectralAcceleration
Parameter

SiteClass(fromSoilReportor
fromtable20.31)

Fa,Fv

TL(fromOwner)andT(STR.
Period

BuildingRiskCategory(Table
1.51)andIp ImportanceFactor
(Table1.52)

Ss,S1

SeismicDesignCategorySDC

SaDesignSpectralResponse
Acceleration(forResponse
Spectrumdiagram)

Sms,Sm1

R,Cd,

TBuilding
fundamentalPeriod

Ev =0.2SDSD

EQ=V=Cs*W
Redundancyfactor
forclassDtoF(refer
toslide

Eh=*EQor *EQ

Structuralsystem
used

Brief steps of seismic load calculations

1Get S1 and Ss (mapped MCER Spectral response acceleration) from the client (Depends on site Location)
2Get Soil class (from soil report or table (20.3.1)
3From soil class and S1 and Ss (slide 4) get Fv and Fa
4Fv and Fa Calc Sm1 Sms (slide 5) and then Sd1 and Sds (slide 6)

11.4.1MappedAccelerationParameters
2
ForFa,Fv:
FromSiteClass(givenbysoilreportor
takenfromtable20.31accordingto
bearingcapacity)gototable11.41

inthenextslide

1
Ss,S1shouldbe
providedbytheClient
(theydependonthesite
location)

11.4.1MappedAccelerationParameters

11.4.4DesignSpectralAccelerationParameters

11.4.5DesignResponseSpectrum

TLprovidedbythe
Client

11.6SeismicDesignCategory
5

Assignyourbuildinga
RiskCategoryaccording
toTable1.51,then
throughtherisk
Categorygototable
1.52togetIp

11.6SeismicDesignCategory

1for: Risk Category I, II, or III structures with, S1, >=0.75 shall be assigned to Seismic Design
Category E.
2for Risk Category IV structures with, S1>=0.75 shall be assigned to Seismic Design Category F.
3All other structures based on their Risk Category and SDS and SD1,
shall be assigned to the more severer Seismic Design Category in accordance with Table 11.61 or
11.62

Awaytoescape
SDC:EandFif
applicable

SEISMICDESIGNREQUIREMENTSFORBUILDINGSTRUCTURES
CHAPTER12
Connections shall develop the strength of the connected elements or the
forces in 12.1.1 (seismic Forces)
Any smaller portion of the structure shall be tied to the remainder of the
structure with elements having a design strength capable of transmitting
a seismic force of 0.133 times the short period design spectral response
acceleration parameter, SDS, times the weight of the smaller portion or 5
percent of the portions weight, whichever is greater

12.2StructuralSystemSelection
The basic lateral and vertical seismic forceresisting system shall conform to one of the types
indicated in Table 12.21 or a combination of systems as permitted in Sections 12.2.2, 12.2.3,
and 12.2.4

Awaytoescape
SDC:EandFif
applicable

12.2StructuralSystemSelection

LateralCombination

12.2.2LateralCombinationintheDifferentDirection
The common logical procedure, its direction with its factors

12.2.3LateralCombinationinthesameDirection
Where different seismic forceresisting systems are used in combination to resist seismic
forces in the same direction, other than those combinations considered as dual systems, the
most stringent applicable structural system limitations contained in Table 12.21 shall apply

12.2.4CombinationFramingDetailing
Requirements accordingtocodes

VerticalCombination

12.2StructuralSystemSelection

12.2StructuralSystemSelection

12.2.5SystemSpecificRequirements

12.2.5.1DualSystem
For a dual system, the moment frames shall be capable of resisting at least 25 percent of the
design seismic forces. The total seismic force resistance is to be provided by the combination of
the moment frames and the shear walls or braced frames in proportion to their rigidities.
A lateral load analysis of a typical dual system will show that almost the entire shear is carried by he
shear walls at the base, whereas the frames work the hardest in the upper stories. If columns of
frames are designed using the results of the wallframe analysis, they would be quite frail near the
base of the structure where they are needed the most. The 25% backup frame requirements ensures
that the columns will be sufficiently strong and stiff near the base. The secondary frame analysis for
25% of the design lateral forces typically governs the design of lower level columns.
12.2.5.2CantileveredColumnSystems
The required axial strength of individual cantilever column elements ,considering only the load
combinations that include seismic load effects, shall not exceed 15 percent of the available axial
strength, including slenderness effects.
Foundation and other elements used to provide overturning resistance at the base of cantilever
column elements shall be designed to resist the seismic load effects including overstrength factor
of Section 12.4.3.

12.2StructuralSystemSelection

12.2.5SystemSpecificRequirements

12.2.5.3InvertedPendulumTypeStructures
Supporting columns or piers of inverted pendulum type structures shall be designed for bending
moment calculated at the base determined using the ELF procedure and varying uniformly to a
moment at the top equal to onehalf the calculated bending moment at the base.
12.2.5.3IncreasedStructuralHeightLimitforSteel EccentricallyBracedFrames,SteelSpecial
ConcentricallyBracedFrames,SteelBucklingrestrainedBracedFrames,SteelSpecial
PlateShearWallsandSpecialReinforcedConcrete
ShearWalls
The limits on structural height, hn, in Table 12.21 are permitted to be increased from 160 ft (50
m) to 240 ft (75 m) for structures assigned to Seismic Design Categories D or E and from 100 ft (30
m) to160 ft (50 m) for structures assigned to Seismic Design Category F provided the seismic force
resisting systems are limited to steel eccentrically braced frames, steel special concentrically
bracedframes, steel bucklingrestrained braced frames, steel special plate shear walls, or special
reinforced concrete castinplace shear walls and both of the following requirements are met:
1. The structure shall not have an extreme torsional irregularity as defi ned in Table 12.21
(horizontalstructural irregularity Type 1b).
2. The steel eccentrically braced frames, steel special concentrically braced frames, steel buckling
restrained braced frames, steel special plate shear walls or special reinforced castinplace concrete
shear walls in any one plane shall resist no more than 60 percent of the total seismic forces in each
direction, neglecting accidental torsional effects.

12.2StructuralSystemSelection

12.2.5SystemSpecificRequirements

12.2.5.5SpecialMomentFramesinStructuresAssignedtoSeismicDesignCategoriesDthroughF

12.3.3.2twostageanalysis

12.4SeismicLoadEffectsandCombinations
2.3.2BasicCombinationsLRFD
1.1.4D
2.1.2D+1.6L+0.5(Lr orSorR)
3.1.2D+1.6(Lr orSorR)+(Lor0.5W)
4.1.2D+1.0W+L+0.5(Lr orSorR)
5.1.2D+1.0E+L+0.2S
6.0.9D+1.0W
7.0.9D+1.0E

12.4.2SeismicLoadEffect
Theseismicloadeffect,E,
For:
5inSection2.3.2or
5and6inSection2.4.1,
E=Eh+Ev
For
7inSection2.3.2or
8inSection2.4.1,
E=Eh Ev

2.4.1BasicCombinationsASD
1.D
2.D+L
3.D+(Lr orSorR)
4.D+0.75L+0.75(Lr orSorR)
5.D+(0.6Wor0.7E)
6a.D+0.75L+0.75(0.6W)+0.75(Lr orSorR)
6b.D+0.75L+0.75(0.7E)+0.75S
7.0.6D+0.6W
8.0.6D+0.7E

Refertothefollowing
slideforEhandEv

Eh=QE

Refertothefollowingslides
(lateralSeismicforcefromStatic,
Response,orTimehistoryAnalysis)

Ev =0.2SDSD
Deadload

ONLYUSEDFORDESIGNINGSPECIFIC
ELEMENTS
Eh=QE

12.6AnalysisProcedureSelection

12.7ModelingCriteria
Structureisallowedtobemodeledfixedtothefoundation

Conclusion:Modelthe
slabasisandassign
SemiRigidinetabs

CALCULATIONOFSEISMICEFFECT

12.8EQUIVALENTLATERAL
FORCEPROCEDURE

12.9MODALRESPONSE
SPECTRUMANALYSIS

RESPONSEHISTORYchapter16

12.8EquivalentLateralForceProcedure
Theseismicbaseshear,V

12.8EquivalentLateralForceProcedure
Timeperiod
Thefundamentalperiod,T,
shallnotexceedtheproductofthecoeffi cient forupperlimitoncalculatedperiod(Cu)fromTable12.81
andtheapproximatefundamentalperiod,Ta,
determinedinaccordancewithSection12.8.2.1.

SystemTorsionissue

12.8EquivalentLateralForceProcedure
Inherenttorsionduetotheeccentricityof
centerofmassawayFromcenterorigidity
(CalculatedsimultaneouslybyFEA)

Extratensionalcriterionofthe5%
eccentricity

12.8EquivalentLateralForceProcedure
StoryDrift
The design story drift () shall be computed as the difference of the deflections at the centers of
mass at the top and bottom of the story under consideration. See Fig. 12.82. Where centers of
mass do not align vertically, it is permitted to compute the deflection at the bottom of the story
based on the vertical projection of the center of mass at the top of the story.
shall be computed using the strength level seismic forces specified in Section 12.8
For structures assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E, or F having horizontal irregularity
Type 1a or 1b of Table 12.31, the design story drift, , shall be computed as the largest
difference of the deflections of vertically aligned points at the top and bottom of the story
under consideration along any of the edges of the structure.

12.8.6.2 Period for Computing Drift

it is permitted to determine
the elastic drifts, (xe), based on the computed
fundamental period of the
structure without the upper limit (CuTa)

12.8EquivalentLateralForceProcedure
StoryDrift

12.9MODALRESPONSESPECTRUMANALYSIS