Marine Steam

Turbines

Peter Brotherhood Ltd

solutions
World Class Engineering

Peter Brotherhood's range of marine steam turbines for

auxiliary power generation is designed and built to the highest engineering
standards at the company's manufacturing plant in Peterborough, United
Kingdom. This plant was purpose-built for the manufacture of the companys
products and became fully operational in the latter part of 1994.
The Peter Brotherhood name has a long and distinguished association with
ships and shipbuilding. The company was supplying steam engines for
warships of the British Royal Navy over a century ago and has been
designing and manufacturing steam turbines since 1907.
Today Peter Brotherhood can justifiably claim to be an integral part of the
modern marine industry.
Experience in supplying a large number of steam turbines for Royal Navy
vessels during the 1940s and 1950s won the company widespread
recognition as a major marine turbine manufacturer.
In the late 1950s the number of vessels with steam turbine main engines
began to diminish as diesel power became more common. Responding to
the changing market, Peter Brotherhood concentrated its expertise on
turbines for on-board auxiliary power generation.

Peter Brotherhood turbines have been

installed in ships built around the world

In conjunction with a major tanker operator, Peter Brotherhood designed

and developed a steam turbo-generator system that used waste heat from
the main engine exhaust to produce the steam required for on-board
electricity generation. As a result, the company quickly established itself as
the leading supplier of turbine-based waste heat recovery systems. To date
Peter Brotherhood have supplied over 250 machines with a total capacity in
excess of 300 MW for this type of application.
The same expertise in marine turbine technology has allowed
Peter Brotherhood to meet the demands of a variety of other applications,
for example turbo-generators for electricity generation on floating
production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels.

Waste Heat Recovery Turbo-Generators

The basic concept of a waste

heat recovery system that includes a steam turbo-generator set, is to
produce additional electrical power from the heat energy in the exhaust gas
of the main engine. Turning this concept into reliable, economic and efficient
engineering products requires a blend of technical and practical expertise
that comes only with experience.
Successful system design depends on variables such as engine power, the
proportion of the ship's life spent at sea, and of course, electrical power
demands. Careful assessment of these factors, together with previous
operating experience and crewing considerations, will give rise to different
designs for different applications.
The initial cost of a waste heat recovery based turbo-generator system is
normally higher than that of an auxiliary diesel-powered generator. However,
the absence of fuel costs and the lower maintenance requirements of a
turbine-based system give rapid capital payback from the higher investment.
Peter Brotherhood engineers possess an unrivalled wealth of experience
with which to assist ship builders and ship owners in the design of waste
heat recovery systems appropriate to their needs.

Peter Brotherhood has supplied waste heat

recovery turbines for Maersk Sealand

3.5 MW marine steam turbine

supplied to a Danish shipyard

Marine Steam Turbine Design

Each Peter Brotherhood marine turbine

is individually designed for its particular application to ensure
highest possible system/cycle efficiency. It is tailored to meet
precisely the required specification but is assembled in modular
form from standard, service proven components. This approach
allows Peter Brotherhood to manufacture components for stock,
providing shorter delivery times and consequently lower costs,
without reducing turbine efficiency, quality or design flexibility.
The turbo-generator unit is usually designed as a single package
incorporating the oil tank and all auxiliary components and
interconnecting pipework. This reduces installation time and
complexity and allows the complete package to be assembled and
tested at the factory prior to despatch.
A comprehensive range of Peter Brotherhood turbo-generators is
produced to match all types of systems and ship installations.
Single or mixed-pressure turbines are available with an integral
condenser or with connections for exhausting steam to a separate
condenser to suit specific layout requirements.

550 kW turbo-generator set supplied

to a European shipyard

This ability to match existing equipment layouts makes

Peter Brotherhood steam turbines ideally suited to 'retro fit'
applications, where waste heat recovery systems may be installed
in ships that were originally built without them.

Quality & Certification

Peter Brotherhoods reputation for quality

engineering is enhanced by a continuing commitment to
quality assurance.
Conformance with the stringent quality assurance standard
ISO 9001:2000 not only guarantees consistently high quality
production but also covers areas such as design, purchasing,
supplier quality assurance, manufacturing, documentation and
business systems.
Impact on the environment is minimised through an environmental
management system approved to ISO 14001:2004.
Peter Brotherhood has extensive experience in meeting the full
requirements of all relevant marine standards. An appropriate
classification authority, such as Lloyds, ABS or DNV, certifies
each marine steam turbine.

One of twelve 6 MW turbine packages

supplied to a Danish shipyard

6,000 TEU Container ship that has a

Peter Brotherhood auxiliary steam
turbo-generator set on board

marine tur
Application of Technology

The introduction of more efficient, long stroke, slow

speed diesel engines for marine propulsion in response to the oil crises of the
1970s and early 1980s has meant a reduction in the amount of waste heat that
can be used for electricity generation.
This has come at a time when on-board electricity demands at sea have been
rising, particularly in cases where the growing requirement for refrigeration on
container vessels is a factor.
Peter Brotherhood has responded to the challenge by developing innovative
technical solutions in co-operation with ship owners and shipyards to
overcome the problems of cost-effective on board power generation.
In addition the prospect of possible legislation and local rules with respect to
stack emissions from ships has resulted in some cases where valuable cargo
space has been taken up by extra fuel tanks for low sulphur fuels. A viable
alternative to this in payback terms would be a steam turbine generator based
waste heat recovery system. Peter Brotherhood has been co-operating with
leading shipping lines and shipyards to develop such systems for many years.
Some examples of these are illustrated in the following sections.

One of the turbo-generator sets supplied to

Polish Ocean Lines

Leading the way in Fuel Efficiency

Peter Brotherhood has supplied a number

of waste heat recovery based power systems to the Gdansk shipyard in
Poland. Built for Polish Ocean Lines, each system comprises a waste heat
boiler, a steam turbine with associated generator and DC electric motor, a
generator mounted on a shaft from the main engine and associated
control equipment.
The boiler produces steam using the heat from the exhaust gas of the main
engine; the steam is fed into the Peter Brotherhood turbine that in turn drives
the generator. A DC motor, coupled to the other end of the generator, makes
up the shortfall when the ship's electrical power demands exceed the steam
turbine's maximum output. The electric motor receives its power from the
generator on the propeller shaft. (See Figure 1)
The total generating capacity of the system is 1.0 MW with peak output from
the Peter Brotherhood steam turbine being 800 kW - under normal cruising
conditions the turbine delivers 680 kW.

Waste heat recovery boiler

Exhaust
gas

Steam
turbine

Reduction AC
DC
gearbox
generator motor

Transformer/rectifier
Condenser

Power management system

Figure 1. A schematic diagram of the Polish Ocean

Lines system

Exhaust gas flow

Steam/condensate flow
Electrical power flow

Shaft generator

rbines
Energy Saving Systems

A novel energy-saving system

aboard a series of 12 partially refrigerated
container ships of the Maersk shipping line uses
energy from the exhaust gas of each ship's main
diesel engine to provide on-board electrical power
and when available, additional power to the
propeller shaft.
Each system includes a waste heat recovery boiler,
a Peter Brotherhood steam turbine, two power
turbines, two gearboxes, a generator and an AC
generator/motor on the propeller shaft.
(See Figure 2)

Dual pressure turbo-compound package

showing the two power turbines

Shaft generator/motor
Turbochargers
Main engine
Power turbine

Reduction gearbox
AC generator
Steam
turbine

Combination
reduction
gearbox

Power
turbine

Condenser
Waste heat recovery boiler

Energy management system

Exhaust gas flow

Steam/condensate flow
Electrical power flow

Figure 2. Dual pressure compound system

The Peter Brotherhood turbine is capable of

delivering up to 60 per cent of the generator's
maximum power output of 4.0 MW. Additional
power comes from the two power turbines that
are connected to the other end of the generator
by a twin-input gearbox. The power turbines
extract energy from the main engine exhaust
before it enters the waste heat boiler and can
deliver more than 1.0 MW to the generator shaft.
The package is arranged such that one or both of
these power turbines can be operated under
control of the energy management system in order
to match the ships auxiliary electrical power
demand.
The boiler uses the exhaust gases leaving the
power turbines and those that have passed through
the main engine turbochargers to generate steam.
The boiler supplies this steam at two different
pressures to the multi-stage mixed pressure
steam turbine.
The generator/motor on the main engine shaft is
used either to supply additional electrical power
when demand is high or - in motor mode - is
powered by surplus electricity when electrical
demand is low.

Figure 3. Further development of the dual pressure compound system

The advanced electronic energy management

system controls automatic switching between
different modes of operation and ensures efficient
operation of the equipment under any conditions.

Shaft generator/motor
Turbochargers
Main engine
Reduction gearbox
Power turbine

AC generator

Steam
turbine
Condenser
Waste heat recovery boiler

Energy management system

Exhaust gas flow

Steam/condensate flow
Electrical power flow

A further development of the above system is

illustrated in Figure 3. Here a single higher rating
power turbine provides power through a gearbox
to the steam turbine shaft (rather that the other end
of the generator as in Figure 2). This means that the
heat and power are at the same end of the package
and a standard generator can be used. In addition,
the latest blading technology is utilised to maximise
the exhaust vacuum as is required to produce the
higher powers (6 to 8 MW) associated with even
larger containerships.
A specifically designed and optimised steam turbine
based waste heat recovery system can produce
fuel savings in excess of 10 %. This figure can be
further improved when using the higher power
systems associated with large containerships.

marine tur
Turbo-Generator Sets for FPSO Vessels

Peter Brotherhood has

considerable experience in supplying turbo-generator sets to floating
production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels having supplied units to
many of the worlds leading FPSO operators including Woodside, Single Buoy
Moorings (SBM), Bergesen, Saipem and Bluewater.
As well as complying fully with all the relevant marine classification society
rules, Peter Brotherhood can also incorporate individual company
requirements such as API and ASME standards, hazardous area compliance and
extensive instrumentation and monitoring.
Turbo-generator sets can be designed to exhaust to the ships existing
condensers; alternatively Peter Brotherhood can supply the condenser.
For power outputs up to 6 MW, the condenser can be incorporated in the
turbine bedplate if required.

4.5 MW turbo-generator set exhausting to an

integral condenser supplied to Vanguard for the
Woollybutt project

Two 12 MW condensing
turbo-generator sets supplied to
SBM for their FPSO vessel in the
Marlim Sul Field

One of two 24 MW
steam turbines supplied to
Bergesen for an FPSO vessel
moored off the coast
of Mauritania

An FPSO vessel moored off

Nigeria powered by a 7 MW
Peter Brotherhood
steam turbine

rbines
Bluewaters Uisge Gorm FPSO supplied with one 1.5 MW Peter Brotherhood turbo-generator set

Steam Turbine Testing

All steam turbines manufactured by Peter Brotherhood are

subjected to a rigorous functional test in our Works before despatch. Each set
is run on steam at full speed, no load and wherever possible at full operational
temperature. The testing of the set, with its control panels, ensures that all
monitoring and safety systems are proved to function correctly.
The set is then dismantled and all components checked before reassembly
and preparation for despatch and delivery. In this way, Peter Brotherhood
minimises the scope and amount of work required to install and commission
the set on-board ship.

Engineering Services

Peter Brotherhoods service department offers a unique

combination of the experience and expertise of an original equipment
manufacturer coupled with the responsiveness of a service organisation.
Engineering capabilities and products include:
Steam turbine spares
Re-engineered spares
Plant repairs & overhauls
Installation & commissioning
Plant upgrades & maintenance
Turbine blades & rotor repairs

Peter Brotherhood test bed

Turbine rotor & blades

Brotherhood Process & Energy

Specialists in the design, manufacture, installation
and commissioning of equipment to meet the
needs of the process and energy industries.
The company has considerable experience in
supplying steam turbine systems for marine
applications as well as for combined cycle,
cogeneration, energy from waste, district
heating, sugar mills, heat recovery and industrial
processes.
Peter Brotherhood combines traditional
engineering skills with the latest techniques and
equipment and has been providing engineered
solutions around the world since 1867.
In addition to steam turbines, the company also
specialises in the design and manufacture of
reciprocating gas compressors, CHP systems,
special purpose machinery and gearboxes.
In all its activities, from design to
commissioning, Peter Brotherhood works to
ISO 9001:2000 quality assurance standard
and ISO 14001:2004 environmental
management standard.

Brotherhood Process & Energy

Is a business unit of

Peter Brotherhood Ltd

Werrington Parkway
Peterborough
PE4 5HG
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 (0)1733 292200
Fax: +44 (0)1733 292300
E-mail: sales@peterbrotherhood.co.uk
Website: www.peterbrotherhood.co.uk
MST 02/06

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