1

Stress Range

M The maximum allaowable stresses due to

sustatined loading is:
a) 0.66 x S yieild(hot)
b) S yield (hot)
c) 0.25 S ultimate
d) 0.66 Sy or 0.25 S ult whichever is less

Stress Range

S Allowable Displacement Stress Range as per 31.3: b, d

a) (Sb2+4St2)0.5
b) f(1.25Sc+0.25Sh)
c) 1.25f [(Sc +Sh)-SL)]
d) f[1.25 (Sc +Sh)-SL)]

Stress Range

S Computed Displacement Stress Range as per

B31.3 is
a) (Sb2+4St2)0.5
b) f(1.25Sc+0.25Sh)
c) 1.25f [(Sc +Sh)-SL)]
d) f[1.25 (Sc +Sh)-SL)]

Stress Range

S Liberal Allowable Stress implies

a) (Sb2+4St2)0.5
b) f(1.25Sc+0.25Sh)
c) 1.25f [(Sc +Sh)-SL)]
d) f[1.25 (Sc +Sh)-SL)]

Stress Range

S Allowable maximum stresses (SL) due to

sustained loading is
a) 1.25Sh
b) 1.0Sh
c) 0.5Sh
d) 0.25Sh

Stress Range

M The single bar (I) marked in Appendix A-1(Basic

Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metals) indicates
that:
a) The material shall not be used used beyond
that temperature
b) The material can be used but with applicable
notes to that material
c) No signicance of temperature limitation for
usage of material
d) None of above

Stress Range

M The double bar (II) marked in Appendix A-1(Basic

Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metals) indicates
that:
a) The material shall not be used used beyond
that temperature
b) The material can be used but with applicable
notes to that material
c) No signicance of temperature limitation for
usage of material
d) None of above

Stress Range

S The stress range reduction factor for 7000 cycle

shall be
a) 1.1
b) 0.9
c) 1.0
d) 0

Question

Answer

Subject

Category

S. No.

Question Bank on Piping Stress Analysis

By: Stress Group

Remarks

Explaination if any

Stress Range

M Which of the following is self limiting load?

a) Sustained load
b) Displacement load
c) Occasional load
d) Water Hammer load

10

Stress Range

D By means of cold spring we should not reduce

a) forces on terminals
b) moments on terminals
c) displacement
d) stress

11

Theory of
Failure

D What is the failure theory subscribed under ASME

31.3
a) maximum shear stress theory
b) maximum principal stress theory
c) tresca theory
d) all of the above

12

Theory of
Failure

S What are the types of failure encountered in piping

system?
a) Catastrophic failure
b) Fatigue failure
c) Both a&b
d) None

13

Type of Load

D If snow weight act on pipe for certain period of time

as follows which one will be consider as
Occasional load?
a) Less than 11hrs
b) Less than 10 hrs
c) Less than 12 hrs
d) Both a& b

14

Type of Load

S Force on pipe due to tank settlement is?

a) Primary load
b) Sustained load
c) Secondary load
d) None

15

Type of Load

M Force due to water hammer effect is?

a) Primary load
b) Secondary load
c) Occasional load
d) Sustained load

16 Type of Stress M Which code neglects effect of torsion while

calculating the sustained stress?
a) ASME 31.3
b) ASME 31.1
c) Both a & b
d) None

17 Type of Stress M Which stress tries to open up the pipe wall

a) Tangential stress
b) Hoop stress
c) Circumferential stress
d) All of above

18

SIF

M In plane SIF(ii ) compared to Out plane SIF (io ) for

elbow is:
a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

19

SIF

M SIF for weldneck flange is?

a) 1
b) 1.3
c) 2
d) 0.5

20

SIF

SIF for Butt welded joint is?

a) 1
b) 1.3
c) 2
d) 0.5

21

SIF

SIF for Reducer is?

a) 1
b) 1.3
c) 2
d) 0.5

22

SIF

D SIF for Welded TEE connection compared with

Unreinforced Fabricated Tee connection" is:
a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

23

SIF

D For higher Flexibility Charcteristic value; the SIF

value will be:
a) higher
b) lower
c) uneffected
d) none of the above

24

SIF

25

SIF

D For which of the following fittings in plane and out

plane SIF is same:
a) Elbow
b) Equal Tee
c) Miter
d) none of the above

26

SIF

S SIF for 6 pipe to pipe connection with 1t thick

Reinforcing Pad compared to 6 pipe to pipe
connection with 2t thick Reinforcing Pad is:
a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

27

SIF

SIF for 6 pipe to pipe connection compared to

equal pipe with weldolet connection is:
a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

28

SIF

D SIF for 6, 1.5D elbow compared to 6, 1.0D elbow

is:
a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

=1

=1

=1

SIF for 16 elbow compared to 16 miter is :

a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

29

SIF

D Which code gives SIF for 45 degree connections

a) B31.1
b) B31.3
c) B31.2
d) None of above

30

PIPE
THICKNESS

D Hoop stress is given by:

a) pd/4t
b) pd/2t
c) pd/t
d) None of above

31

PIPE
THICKNESS

S Longitudinal stress is given by:

a) pd/4t
b) pd/2t
c) pd/t
d) None of above

32

PIPE
THICKNESS

S Hoop stress is ------------ the Longitudinal stress

a) twice
b) half
c) equal
d) None of above

33

PIPE
THICKNESS

M Pipe thickness is calculated based on:

a) hoop stress
b) longitudinal stress
c) shear stress
d) None of above

34

PIPE
THICKNESS

S The mil tolerance to be consider for the thickness

of pipe as per ASME 31.3 is:
a) 7.5%
b) 11.5%
c) 12.5%
d) 2%

35

PIPE
THICKNESS

S Normally the mill tolerance for a 28 CS pipe is

a) 1.6mm
b) 3.0 mm
c) 0.3 mm
d) 6mm
Ans. (c)

36

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

S Expansion bellows are used to absorbed:

a) Axial compression
b) Lateral shear
c) Angular torsion
d) All of the above

37

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

S As per EJMA recommended guide spacing for

expansion joints based on pipe diameter D is
a) First guide at a distance of 4D from the joint
b) Second guide at a distance of 14D from the first
guide
c) Both a & b
d) None

38

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D Squirm is the phenomena wherby

a) Center line of a straight bellow devlops a
sideways or lateral bow
b) Corrugation get damaged
c) Bellow fails at that pressure
d) Life of bellow get reduced due to this
phenomena

39

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D Which of the following are types of expansion

joints?
a) Slip type
b) Corrugated type
c) Telescopic type
d) All of above

40

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

The thickness of bellows is of the order of

a) 4.57mm to 4.77mm
b) 8.18mm to 9.27mm
c) 1 mm to 2mm
d) 9.27mm to 9.53mm

41

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

Bellows can fail in fatigue due to

a) Stress concentration at creast & valley of
corrugations
b) Repeated exposure to cyclic stresses
c) Both a & b
d) None

42

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

Pressure thrust in the bellows are taken up by

a) Adjacent nozzle
b) Nearby anchor
c) convolutions
d) pipe wall.

43

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D How many types of stiffness are minimum

specified while modelling expansion bellow?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

44

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D Axial-single expansion joint bellow are selected to

absorb
a) axial movement
b) lateral movement
c) angular rotation
d) only axial & lateral movement

45

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D Hinged expansion joint which resists the pressure

thrust force can take
a) bending deflection only in one plane
b) extension deflection
c) compressive deflection
d) torsional deflection

46

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D To absorb the pressure thrust in pressure

balanced elbow expansion joints anchor is to be
provided at:
a) both sides of bellow
b) only on one side of bellow
c) no anchor is required
d) as decided by stress engineer

47

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D To absorb the pressure thrust in"in-line pressure

balanced expansion joints" we need to provide
anchor at:
a) both sides of bellow
b) only on one side of bellow
c) no anchor is required
d) as decided by stress engineer

a, b

48

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D Universal expansion joint can absorb

a) axial movement
b) lateral movement
c) angular rotation movement
d) any combination of above movements

49

EXPANSION
BELLOWS

D In universal expansion joint to distribute the

movement equaly between two bellow we provide
a) tie rod
b) pantograph linkage
c) anchor between two bellow
d) any combination of above

50

PUMP

S Standby pump are to be considered at

a) ambient temperature between block valve and
ambient temperature for dead leg
b) for traced (steam) pumps, same as that of
tracing temperature
c) if minimum circulation line is shown in P&ID
then same temperature as that of main line
d) all of above

51

PUMP

S Nozzles allowable for centrifugal pump are

obtained from?
a) API 610
b) API 617
c) NEMA SM 23
d) API 618

52

PUMP

When nozzle loadings on the pump are more than

twice the allowable as per API 610 then
a) Pump flange will start leaking
b) Pump Shaft may get damaged
c) Pump foundation has to be designed for extra
load
d) Special support is to be made

53

PUMP

First support from the suction nozzle of pump

should be
a) Spring
b) Adjustable
c) Expansion joint
d) Anchor

54

PUMP

S Max permitted values of forces & moments for

positive displacement pump should be as per
standard
a) API 610
b) API 676
c) API 617
d) API 618

55

FRICTION

S In order to reduce frictional force in the system we

should provide:
a) More Flexibility in the system
b) Low friction pad
c) More no. of supports
d) None of above

56

FRICTION

M Coefficient of friction between graphite and

stainless steel plate is
a) 0.3
b) 0.1
c) 0.15
d) 0.2

57

FRICTION

S Coefficient of friction between PTFE and stainless

steel plate is
a) 0.3
b) 0.1
c) 0.15
d) 0.2

58

FRICTION

S Temperature limit for the PTFE is

a) 400 C
b) 204 C
c) 250 C
d) 425 C

59

SPRING

S For large vertical movement of pipe where

providing resting support will not work we normaly
go for:
a) Spring support
b) Expansion bellow
c) Snubber
d) none of the above

60

SPRING

S Equivalent k value for the two springs of stiffness

k1 and k2 connected in parallel compared to when
connected in series will be
a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

61

SPRING

S Equivalent k value for the two springs of stiffness

10kg/cm and 10kg/cm connected in parallel is
a) 5 kg/cm
b) 20 kg/cm
c) 10kg/cm
d) none of the above

62

SPRING

D Equivalent k value for the two springs of stiffness

10kg/cm and 10kg/cm connected in series is
a) 5 kg/cm
b) 20 kg/cm
c) 10kg/cm
d) none of the above

63

SPRING

S For variable spring hanger the maximum

recommended variation from operating load is?
a) 15%
b) 25%
c) 20%
d) 35%

64

SPRING

S Load variation for k=10kg/cm, operating load

200kg, preset load 150kg will be
a) 25%
b) 33%
c) 75%
d) None of the above

65

SPRING

S Generaly we should go for constant hanger spring

when vertical movement is more than
a) 50mm
b) 60mm
c) 25mm
d) 35mm

66

SPRING

S Constant spring hanger are used for critical system

when the % variation of load from cold to hot is
a) less than of 25%
b) less than of 6%
c) more than of 25%
d) none of these

67

SPRING

M Find the load variation of the spring for the travel of

10mm, hot load of 2000 kg and spring rate of 50
kg/mm
a) 25%
b) 20%
c) 15%
d) 13%

68

SPRING

M Weight are provided where

a) high displacemment is to be allowed while
sustaining the weight of the system
b) for less displacement in the system while
sustaining the weight of the system
c) effort to be provided is very high
d) effort to be provided is not very high

69

SWAY
BRACES

M Sway braces are capable of taking

a) thermal loads
b) dynamic loads
c) sustained loads
d) all of above

70

WRC

M Localised stresses at nozzle to shell is calculated

by
a) WRC109/290
b) WRC107/207
c) WRC107/297
d) WRC207/107

71

WRC

M WRC 107 compute the

a) stresses in the nozzle wall
b) stresses in the vessel shell
c) stresses in the pipe wall
d) all of above

72

WRC

M WRC 107 should not be used when

a) d/D< 0.33
b) d/D= 0.33
c) d/D> 0.33
d) none of the above

73

WRC

M WRC 107 should not be used when

a) D/T> 50
b) D/T< 50
c) D/T= 50
d) none of the above

74

SUPPORT

S Normally for a line having 50mm thk insulation

shoe height is:
a) 50
b) 100
c) 150
d) none of the above

75

SUPPORT

S The support that lifts up

a) should be removed and reanalysed the system
for hot sustained case
b) we can make stiffenes of the support zero to
avoide seprate run for hot sustained stresses
c) provide spring if required
d) all of the above

a, d

76

SUPPORT

S The empirical formula for calculating maximum

span is given by
a) L=0.32(SZ/W)
b) L=0.32(SW/Z)
c) L=0.32(WZ/S)
d) L=0.32(W/SZ)

77

SUPPORT

Hager rod has disadvantage of

a) Limited allowable axial movement
b) Limited allowable lateral movemet
c) Limited allowable vertically downward
movement
d) Limited allowable vertically upward movement

a, b

78

SUPPORT

Rigid anchor is not preferable in comparison with

partial anchor because of
a) Large moments are created on anchor
b) Cost of fabrication is more
c) Difficult to install
d) Isolates two system

79

SUPPORT

Loadings at the battery limit Anchor in comparison

to intermittent anchor on pipe rack will be
a) more
b) equal
c) less
d) none of the above

80

SUPPORT

For resting support the Wear plate is to be

provided for bare line for size
a) >12
b) > or =14
c) For all sizes
d) Providing pad is not required as it increases
cost

81

SUPPORT

Spring wedges are used for

a) slug flow lines
b) pulsating lines
c) steam lines
d) slope lines

82

SUPPORT

S Basic Pipe span does not depend on:

a) Fluid density
b) Pipe thickness
c) Temperature
d) Fluid velocity

83

SUPPORT

S For process line without slope maximum sagging

allowed is:
a) D/4 inch
b) 15mm
c) 3mm
d) Depend on diameter of pipe

84

SUPPORT

For process line with slope the maximum sagging

allowed is:
a) D/4 inch
b) 15mm
c) 3mm
d) Depend on slope to be maintained

85

SUPPORT

For Steam line the sagging allowed is:

a) D/4 inch
b) 15mm
c) 3mm
d) Depend on diameter of pipe

86

SUPPORT

S First support near Tank suction is normally a

a) Flexible support
b) Spring support
c) All the above
d) None of above

87

SUPPORT

S Pipe support standard is:

a) MSS-SP-58
b) MSS-SP-69
c) MSS-SP-89
d) All of above

88

SUPPORT

S MSS-SP-56 is the standard used for

a) pipe hanger supports : material and
manufacture
b) pipe hanger supports : design and manufacture
c) pipe hanger supports : material, design and
manufacture
d) none of the above.

89

SUPPORT

S Standard used for selection & application of pipe

hanger & supports
a) MSS-SP-69
b) MSS-SP-56
c) MSS-SP-70
d) MSS-SP-85

90

SUPPORT

M We should not preferably provide support on

a) Spool piece
b) Expansion joint
c) Valves
d) Strainers

91

SUPPORT

M Out of six degree of freedomthe practical

supporting device which resist only one kind of
freedom is
a) tie rod
b) shoe with guide
c) shoe with line stop
d) simple shoe i.e. resting shoe

92

SUPPORT

S For control valve station preferably we should

provide
a) full anchor at one end and guide at other end
b) parial anchor at one end and guide at other end
c) line stop at one end and guide at other end
d) guide at both end

93

FLANGE
LEAKAGE

S When calculation shows flange leakage then we

should preferably
a) Change the rating of flange
b) Change the routing of line
c) Provide support near the flange
d) Any of above which suits the requirement

94

FLANGE
LEAKAGE

S In order to prevent flange leakage we should

reduce
a) Bending moments on the flange
b) Temperature of line
c) Torsion moments
d) Axial force

a,b,c,
d

a, d

95

COMPRESS
OR

S The maximum permitted values of forces &

moment for reciprocating compressor should be as
per standard
a) API 610
b) API 676
c) API 617
d) API 618

96

COMPRESS
OR

S Anologue study is required for

a) Centrifugal pump
b) Reciprocating compressor
c) Centrifugal compressor
d) Reciprocating pump

97

EXPANSION
LOOP

S For flare line which expansion loop is preferable

a) four bend loop
b) six bend loop
c) four 90 bend and two 45 deg bend loop
d) any of above

98 Static Analysis S

99

Dynamic

100

System should be analysed at

a) design and operating temperature
b) steam out condition
c) Sun radiation temperature
d) as decided by stress engineer based on ITB

S In order to increase the frequency of the system

we should
a) increase mass
b) decrease mass of the system
c) reduce stiffeness of system
d) increase stiffeness of system

b, d

f directly proportional to (k/m)power0.5

b,d

f directly proportional to (k/m)power0.5

what is relationship between hoop stress(s1) and

longitudinal stress(s2):
a) s1=s2
b)s1=1/2
s2
c)s1=2 s2
d) none of these

101

B31.3

The resulting displacement stresses shall be

computed based on the actual elastic moduli at the
respective------------- for each segment in the
system.
A)at operating
b)at ambient
c)at design

102

B31.3

d The unbalanced should be minimized by design

and layout of piping system particularly those using
materials of
a) low ductility
b) high ductility
c)both

103

B31.3

d For longitudinal weld the basic allowable stresses

shall be multiplied by the applicabe weld quality
factor
a)the given statements is true
b)the given statements is false

104

B31.3

For casting the basic allowable stresses shall be

multiplied by the applicabe casting quality factor
a)the given statements is true
b)the given
statements is false

105

TYPES OF
LOADING

seismic effect acting on the piping system comes

under :
a) primary loading
b) secondry loading
c) none of thease

106

TYPES OF
LOADING

the building settlement comes under a)primary

loading
b)secondry
loading
c)none of these;

107

TYPES OF
LOADING

thermal anchor movement comes under:

a)primary loading
b)secondry
loading
c)none of these

108

TYPES OF
LOADING

seismic anchor movement comes under:

a)primary loading
b)secondry
loading
c)none of these

109

TYPES OF
LOADING

The slug forces acting on the piping system

comes under :
a) primary loading
b) secondry loading
c) none of thease

110

TYPES OF
LOADING

The fatigue life of materials operated at elavated

temperature may be ------a)reduced
b)improve
c) not
effected

111

TYPES OF
LOADING

The water hammering acting on the piping system

comes under :
a) primary loading
b) secondry loading
c) none of thease

112

B31.3

Allowable stresses in compression shall be no

greater than the the basic allowable stress in
tenssion tabulated in table A-1 orA-2(ASME
B31.3).
a) given statement is right
B) given statement is wrong

113

B31.3

Allowable stresses in bearing shall be x% times

the basic allowable stress in tenssion tabulated in
table A-1 orA-2(ASME B31.3).
A)
x=.80
b) x=1.6
c) x=1.2

114

B31.3

Allowable stresses in shear shall be x% times the

basic allowable stress in tenssion tabulated in
table A-1 orA-2(ASME B31.3).
A)
x=.80
b) x=.85
c) x=.75

115

TYPES OF
LOADING

116

The relief foreces acting on the piping system

comes under :
a) primary loading
b) secondry loading
c) none of thease

Dynamic

M In order to increase the frequency of the system

we should provide
a) more resilient support
b) rigid support
c) constant effort support
d) damping devices

b,d

117

Dynamic

M In order to avoide resonance in vibration prone line b,d

we should provide rigid support
a) at regular interval of span
b) irregular interval of span
c) all resting support
d) mix of guide, line stop, hold down, anchor etc.

118

Dynamic

M Large periods of vibrations indicates that the

system is
a) flexible
b) rigid
c) have large frequency
d) have less frequency

119 Stress Range

M S(ult)=60000 PSI

a, d

Stress(PSI
)

S(yield)=35000PSI
SH ?

Strain

The value of Sh for above pipe

material is :
a) 15000 PSI
b) 21875 PSI
c) 35000 PSI
d) 60000 PSI

M S(ult)=60000 PSI
S(yield)=35000PSI
SH=15000PSI
Stress(PSI
)

120 Stress Range

Strain

The value of SL for above pipe

material is :
a) 15000 PSI
b) 21875 PSI
c) 35000 PSI
d) 60000 PSI

121

122 failure theory

The wind load acting on the piping system comes

under :
a) primary loading
b) secondry loading
c) none of thease

The peak stress limits are intended to prevent :

a) plastic deformation
b) excessive plastic deformation leading to
incremental collaspe
c) fatique failureresulting from cyclic loadings
d)none of thease

123 failure theory

The primary plus secondry stress limits are

intended to prevent :
a) plastic deformation
b) excessive plastic deformation leading to
incremental collaspe
c) fatique failure
d)none of thease

The primary stress limits are intended to prevent :

a) plastic deformation
b) excessive plastic deformation leading to
incremental collaspe
c) fatique failure
d)none of thease

125 failure theory

The max shear stress theory states that failure of a

piping component occurs when the maximum
shear stresses exceeds the shear stress at the
yeild point in a compression test :
a) give statement is tru
b) given statement is false
c) none of thease

126 failure theory

If s1,s2 and s3 is the three principal stresses and

s1>s2>s3 ,then maximum shear stress at a point
Tmax is defined as :
a) Tmax=(s1-s2)/2
b) Tmax=(s1-s3)/2
c) Tmax=(s1-s3)/3
d) none of thease

124 failure theory

127 cold springing

d when a system is initially operated at the condition

of greatest displacement( highest or lowest
temperature or greatest imposed movement) from
its intalled condition any yielding or creep :
a)increase of stresses
b)
relaxation of stresses
c) both can
possible
d)none of thease

128 cold springing

when a system is initially operated at the condition

of greatest displacement( highest or lowest
temperature or greatest imposed movement) from
its intalled condition any yielding or creep
relaxation of stresses, when the system is later
returned to its original condition ,a reversal and
redistribution of system occurs, which is reffered to
as
a)self springing
b) cold springing
c) both can
possible
d)none of thease

129

Slug forces responsible due to change of;

a) direction of fluid
b) change in
density
c)none of
these
d) both

130

When calculation shows flange leakage then we

should preferably
a) Change the rating of flange
b) Change the routing of line
c) Provide support near the flange
d) Any of above which suits the requirement