11I D I D

FWBIB

STANDARD DATA BOOK

ASEA BROWN BOVERI

ABB LUMMUS '

CREST
INC.

CHAPTER 3:

ASTM-TBP-EFV RELATIONSHIPS

CONTENTS
TABLE OF

~~

I/3 .O
I/3.1
I/3.2
I/3.2- 1
I/3.2-2
I/3.3
I/3.3-1
I/3.3-2
I/3.4
I/3.4-1
I/3.4-2
I/3.5
1/3.5-1
1/3.5-2
1/3.5-3
I/3.5-4
I/3.5-5
I/3.6

TableofContents
Summary
ASTM-TBP Conversions
ASTM-TBP a t AtmosphericPressure
ASTM-TBP a t 10 mm Hg Pressure
ASTM-EFV Conversions
ASTM-EFV a t Atmospheric Pressure
ASTM-EFV a t 10 mm Hg Pressure
TBP-EFV Conversions
TBP-EFV a t AtmosphericPressure
TBP-EFV a t 10 mm Hg Pressure
EFV Conversions
Conversion o f EFV t o Superatmospheric
Conversion o f EFV t o Subatmospheric
ASTM o f Overhead Product from
EFV
ASTM o f BottomsProductfrom
EFV
API G r a v i t i e so fP r o d u c t sf r o m
EFV
ComputerMethods

I/3.0

PAGE

OF 1

OATE :A p r i 1 ,1970

A\ I R I R '
PIIIIB

STANDARD DATA BOOK

ASEA BROWN BOVERI

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

ASTM-TBP-EFV RELATIONSHIPS
SUMMARY

I/3.1

I PAGE 1
I

OF 1

DATE :Apri 1 ,1970

For thedesign o f petroleumplants, i t i s necessary t o know the vapor-liquid

phaseequi 1ibri um of the petroleum fractions involved.
These d a t a maybe
found by
experimentally determining an equi l i bri um flash vaporization (EFV) on the petroleum
fraction a t thedesiredoperatingconditions.
However, EFV determinationsaretime
consuming, tedious and expensive.Therefore,the
EFV i s generallycalculated by
empirical correlations from the data of the simpler analytical
ASTM or true boiling
point (TBP) d i s t i l l a t i o n s .
Therecommended correlations for obtaining these data
from i nterconversions
between thedesiredpairsarepresentedin
this chapter. Four sectionsdeal w i t h
hand calculation methods f o r ASTM-TBP conversions , ASTM t o EFV conversions , TBP t o
EFV conversions , and converting EFV d a t a t o different pressures o r predicting prope r t i e s of theproducts.
A fifth section deals w i t h the avail ab1 e computerprograms
t o perform these conversions.
Users areemphaticallycautionedagainstrelyingheavily
on d a t a obtained from
thesecorrelations.
Becauseof alack o f standardization and otherinherentinadequaciesintheexperimental
methods , theexisti-ng ASTM, TBP and EFV d a t a are n o t
sufficientlyconsistentto
develop good correlations.Different
d a t a couldlead t o
d i f f e r e n t re1 iabil i ty and, possibly , even a different selection of correlations .
However, the correlations presented are
judged t o be thebest and simplestgeneralized methods available.
TBP distil'lation data given a t one pressure may be converted t o another
pressure by moving along the vapor pressure curves of the Flaxwel 1-Bonnel 1 charts
presented i n Chapter 5. ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n d a t a may
be
converted by this procedure
b u t w i t h reduced r e l i a b i l i t y . Therecommended procedure i s t o convertthegiven
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i G n t o TBP data, change the TBP data to the
new pressure, and reconvert these to ASTM data.

A HRMR
PIIIII

STANDARD DATA BOOK

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

ASTM-TBP
CONVERSIONS

ASEA BROWN BOVERl

I/3.2-1

PAGE 1 OF 1

ASTM-TBP AT ATMOSPHERIC
PRESSURE

The adapted Edmister-Pol lack (1 948) correlation , presented to interconvert atmosheric ASTM and TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n d a t a , is r e l i a b l e t o w i t h i n 10F w i t h a maximum of
5F between the 10- and90- percentpoints.
The method i s asfollows:
1.Tabulate
the valuesoftemperature
i n degreesFahrenheitofthe
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n a t 0, 10,30,50,
70, 90, and100 percent byvolume
as given.
2.

TBP 50% temperature from the lower chartofFigure

I/3.2-1 by adding the OF for the given ASTM 50% temperature to that ASTM
50% temperature.

3.

Compute thetemperaturedifferences
between the tabulatedpercents
of the ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n and, from the upper chartofFigureI/3.2-1
the temperature differences for
eachsegment of the TBP curve.

4.

Using the new TBP 50% temperature from step 2 and the temperaturedifferences
from step 3, compute the TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n c u r v e .

F i n d theatmospheric

Note:

by volume
, read

To predict an atmospheric ASTM curve from an atmospheric TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n

curve the procedure i s analogous , except that the ASTM 50% temperature
must be determined by a tri al-and-error procedure.

Example:

Calculatetheatmospheric
TBP curve f o r a 63.9"API l i g h t naphtha w i t h
an atmospheric ASTM curveasgiven
i n columns 1 and 2:
2

1
Volume %
Distilled

erature ,"F

0
10
30
50
70
90

115
158
197
222
248
292

M lemp-

ASTM

AT

43
39

25
26
44

4
TBP

AT
71
63
41
38
54

TBP Temperature ,"F

41
112
175
21 6
254
308

1.

From lower chart of Figure I/3.2-1 a t 222"F, AF= -6 and TBP 50% temperature
equals 216F.

2.

The temperaturedifferencesof
the ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n a r e t a b u l a t e d
i n column :
and the corresponding TBP temperaturedifferences from the upper chart of Fig.
ure I/3.2-1 aretabulated i n column 4.

3.

W i t h TBP 50% temperature and the temperaturedifferences,

calculated and tabulated i n column 5.

the TBP curve i s

Figure I/3.2- 1

ASTM Temperature
Difference

ASTM 50% Temperature,

OF

O F

AL W I R
F
I
I
I
I
I
C
ASEA BROWN BOVE-W

STANDARD
DATA

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

BOOK

I/3.2-2

PAGE 1 OF 1

ASTM-TBP CONVERSIONS

DATE :Apri 1 ,1970

ASTM-TBP AT 10 MM HG PRESSURE

The Edmister-Okamoto (1 959) correlation, presented to relate

ASTM and TBP dis5 11ation data at 10 mm Hg absol Ute pressure, i s reported to calculate temperatures
v i t h i n 25F oftheactualvalues
between the 10- and 90- percentpoints.
Themethod
i s out1 ined as follows:

1.

Tabu1 ate the values of temperature

i n degrees Fahrenheit of the 10 mm Hg ASTM
d i s t i l l a t i o n a t 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 percentpoints by volume as given.

2.

A t 10 mm Hg the 50% temperatureofboth

assumed equal.

the ASTM and TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n a r e

3. Compute the temperaturedifferences between thetabulatedpercents

by volume
of the 10 rnm Hg ASTM disti 11ation and, from Figure I/3.2-2 , read the correspondingtemperaturedifferences
fo,r eachsegment o f the TBP curve.

4. Using the TBP 50% temperature and the new temperaturedifferences

step 3, calculate the 10 mm Hg distillation curve.
Note:

To predict a 10 mm Hg ASTM curve froma

procedure is analogous.

10 mm Hg TBP d i s t i 1l a t ion,the

Calculate the 10 mm Hg TBP disti 1lation curve for

10 mm Hg ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n givenin columns 1and

Example:
1

Volume %
Disti 1led
10
39
50

70
90

2
10 mm Ha
ASTM Temperature, "F

337
393
434
483
542

ASTM

TB P

AT
56

41
49
59

from

&
63
48
49
59

a gas oi 1 w i t h the
2.

5
10 mm Hg
TBP Temperature, "F

323
386
434
483
542

o f the given ASTM and tabulate them

1.

Calculatethetemperaturedifferences
i n column 3.

2.

From Figure I/3.2-2 read the corresponding TBP temperaturedifferences

tabu1 a t e them i n col umn 4.

and

3. Assuming the 50% temperaturesareequal,

the 10 mrn Hg TBP curve is tabulated i n column 5 usingthe TBP temperaturedifferencesof
column 4.

Fi gure I/3.2-2

LL

aJ
V

Q)

aJ
e
rl-

..

ASTM Temperature Difference, "F

I
I

11I R I R
FqIBIB

STANDARD DATA BOOK

ASEA BROWN BOVERI

I/3.3-1

PAGE

ASTM- EFV CONVERSIONS

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

ASTM-EFV AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

~~~

OF 1

DATE :Apri 1 ,1970

The Edmister-Okamoto (1959) correlation adapted w i t h th,e Chu-Staffel(1955)

50-percent correlation is presented t o estimatetheatmosphericEFV-,distillation
curve from atmospheric, ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n d a t a .
This method, r e l i a b l e t o w i t h i n 15F
w i t h a maximum of 45Fbetween the 10- and 90- percent p o i n t s , is as follows:
1.

Tabulate the values of temperature i n ' degreesFahrenheit of the atmospheric

ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n a t 0 , 10, 30,50, 70, 90 and 100 percent by volume as

given.

of the 10 t o 70 percent by volume portion of atmos-

2.

Calcul'ate the slope

pheric ASTM curve,

3.

Find the EFV 50% temperature by adding t o the ASTM 50% temperature the
temperature difference from-Figure 1/3.3-1.1 using the slope from -stop 2
and the given ASTM 50% temperature.

4.

Compute thetemperaturedifference
between the tabulated percents
by
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n and, from FigureI/3.3-1.2,
volume oftheatmospheric
readthecorrespondingtemperaturedifferences
f o r eachsegment of the
EFV curve.

5.

With the new EFV 50%- temperature from step 3 and the temperature differences
from- step 4, compute the atmospheric EFV curve.

Example:

Calculatetheatmospheric
EFV curve f o r a 47.8"API naphtha-kerosene
blend w i t h theatmospheric ASTM curvegiven i n columns 1 and 2:

1
Volume %
Distilled
0

10

30
50
70
90
100

I.
2.
3.
4.

2
4
ASTMTemperature,

3
ASTM

AT

O F

96
172
298
393
455
51 6
575

76
126
95
62
61
59

EFV

AT
38
94
63
35
32
23

5
EFV Temperature, O F

161
199
293
356
391
423
446

Cal cul ate the -ASTMcurve SIope : 455-172 = 283 = 4.7

70-1 0
60
From FigureI/3.3-1- I , -&LFf
temperatureequals:
ASTM 50%tempe \ature ~+ AT = 393 + (-37) = 356F
The temperaturedi,ferences of the ASTM distillation are tabulated
in
column 3 and thecorresponding EFV temperaturedifferences,asread
from
FigureI/3.3-1.2,are
then tabulated i n column 4.
With the EFV 50% temperature and thetemperaturedifferences
i n column 4,the
EFV curve is calculated and the results tabulated
i n column 5.
.

'

Figure 113.3-1.1
1 no

200

300

400

500

700

600

ASTM 50% Temperature,

O F

800

900

1000

cu

0
0
7

co

F i gure I/3.3-1.2

LL

e-

I1 I R I R
F\IIII

STANDARD DATA BOOK

ASEA BROWN BOVEW

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

I/3.3-2

PAGE 1 OF

ASTM-EFV CONVERSIONS

I DATE April ,1970

ASTM-EFV AT 10 MM H G PRESSURE

The Edmister-Okamoto (1959) correlation, presented to estimate

the 10 m Hg EFV
l i s t i l l a t i o n curve from the corresponding10 mm Hg ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n d a t a , i s r e l i a b l e
;o w i t h i n 15F w i t h a maximum of 56F between the 10- and 90- percentpoints.
The
lethod i s outlined as fol lows :

1.

Tabulate the valuesoftemperature

i n degreesFahrenheitofthe10
mm Hg
ASTM d i s t i 1l a t i o n a t 0 , 10 , 30, 50 , 70 and 90 percent by volume as given.

2.

From Figure I/3.3-2.1 using the ASTM 50% temperature and the difference
between the 30%and 10% temperaturesofstep1,read
the temperature
difference which i s added t o the ASTM 50% temperature to obtain the
corresponding EFV 50% temperature.

3.

Compute thetemperaturedifferences between the tabulated percents by

volumeof the 10 mm Hg ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n and, from Figure1/3.3-2.2,
readthecorrespondingtemperaturedifferencefor
eachsegment of the
EFV curve.

4.

Using the EFV 50% temperature from step 2, and the new temperature
differences from step 3, calculate the
10 mm Hg EFV distillation curve.

Example:

Calculate the 10 mm Hg EFV curve f o r aresiduum w i t h thegiven

ASTM distillation tabulated i n columns 1 and 2 below:
1

Volume %
D i s t i 1 led
0

10

30
50
70
1.

2
10 mm Hg
ASTM Temperature,OF

ASTM

AT

E FV

AT

5
1 0 mm Hg
EFV Temperature, O F

182
30 2
395
503
625

1 20
93
108
122

61
73
87
96

26 7
328
40 1
488
584

From Figure1/3.3-2.1,the
ASTM 50% temperature

10 mm Hg

10 mm Hg EFV 50% temperatureequals:

+ AT

503 + (-15)

488F

2.

Using the temperaturedifferencesofthe

ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n t a b u l a t e d i n
column 3,thecorresponding
EFV temperaturedifferencesareread
from
FigureI/3.3-2.2
and tabulated i n column 4.

3.

W i t h the EFV 50% temperature and thetemperaturedifferences,the

10 mm Hg
EFV curve i s calculated and the results are tabulated
i n column 5.

Figure I/3.3-2.1

STANDARD' DATA BOOK

10 mm Hg ASTM t o EFV
ASTM 50% TEMPERATURE

-1
eASTM 50% Temperature,

OF

a3

0
d

Figure I/3.3-2.2
0

0-

11I R I R
PWIBI
ASEA BROWN BOVERI

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

STANDARD DATA BOOK

'I

I/3.4-1

TBP-EFV CONVERSIONS

PAGE

OF 1

TBP-EFV AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

The Edmister-Okamoto (1959) correlation, presented to estimate

the atmospheric
EFV d i s t i l l a t i o n curve from atmospheric TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n d a t a , is , r e l i a b l e t o w i t h i n
25F w i t h a maximum of 145F between the 10- and 90- ,percent points. The method i s
out1 i ned as f o l 1ows :
1.

Tabu1 ate the values o f temperature i n degrees Fahrenheit of the atmospheric

TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n a t 0, 10, 30,50, 70,-90 and 100 percent by volume asgiven

2.

From Figure1/3.4-1.1 , using the TBP 50% temperature and the difference
between the 30% and 10%temperatures from step 1 , read the temperature
difference which i s added t o the TBP 50% temperature t o obtain the corresponding atmospheric EFV 50% temperature.

3.

Compute thetemperaturedifference
between the tabulated percents by
volume of the atmospheric TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n and, from Figure I/3.4-1.2,
read the corresponding temperature difference for
eachsegmentof
the EFV
curve.

4.

Using the EFV 50% temperature from step 2, and the new temperature d i f f erences from step 3, calculate the atmospheric
EFV disti 11a t i on curve.

Example:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Calculatetheatmospheric
EFV curve f o r a 22.4"API stock w i t h the
atmospheric TBP d i s t i 1 lation tabulated i n columns 1 and 2 below:

1
Volume %
Distil led

2
Atm. TBP
Temperature, O F

0
10
30
50
70
90

46 2
557
61 7
662
705
773

From .FigureIj3.4-1.1

3
TBP

5
Atm. kkV
Temperature ,O F

95
60
45
43
68

29
20
14
14
31

600
629
64 9
66 3
677
708

AT

, theatmospheric EFV

AT

50% temperatureequals:
TBP 50% temperature + AT = 662 + 1 = 663OF
Calculate 'the temperaturedifferences o f the given TBP and tabulate them
i n column 3.
Using thetemperaturedifferences
of the TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n t a b u l a t e d i n
column 3,thecorresponding
EFV temperature differences are read
from
FigureI/3.4-7.2
and tabulated i n column 4.
With the EFV 50% temperature and the temperaturedifferences , t h e a t m s pheric EFV curve i s calculated and the results tabulated i n column 5.

Figure I/3.4-1.1

SSTANDARD DATA BOOK]

I
&F

m
W

VI

&?

0
-ll

ATMOSPHERIC
TBP
TO
EFV
TBP 50% TEMPERATURE
VERSUS
EFV 50% TEMPERATURE

(ADD TO TBP 50% TO OBTAIN EFV

50%TEMPERATURE)

rn
I-

AIMR
FWBBB
ASEA BROWN BOVERl

STANDARD DATA BOOK

,
I

TBP-EFV CONVERSIONS

ABB LUMMUS '

CREST
'
INC.
I

I/3.4-2

PAGE 1 OF 1

I DATE:April ,1970

TBP-EFV AT 10 MM HG PRESSURE

The E d m f s t e r - O k a ~ t o (1 353) come?ation, presented t o re?a t e th2 10 mm Hg EFV

d i s t i l l a t i o n curve t o 10 mm Hg TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n d a t a , i s reported to. calculate temp2ratures w i t h i n 25F o f theactualvalues
between the 10- and 90- percent points. Thc
nethod i s o u t l i n e d asfollows:

1.

Tabulatethe value's of temperature i n degreesFahrenheit of the 10 mm Hg

TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n a t 0,10,30,50,70, and-90percent by volume asgiven.

2.

From Figure I/3.4-2.1, using the TBP 50% temperature and thedifference
between the 30% and 10% temperature from step 1 , read the temperature d i f f erence which i s added t o the TBP 50% temperature t o obtainthecorrespondins
1C mm Hg EFV 50% temperature.

3. Compute the temperaturedifference between thetabulatedpercents

by volume
of the 10 mm Hg TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n and, from Figure I/3.4-2.2, read the corresponding temperature difference for eachsegment o f the EFV curve.
4. Using the EFV 50% temperature from step 2 and the new temperaturedifference
from s t e p 3, calculate the 10 mm Hg EFV d i s t i l l a t i o n curve.
Calculate the 10 mm Hg EFV curve f o r aresiduum w i t h the given 10 mm
Hg TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n t a b u l a t e d i n columns 1 and 2 below:

Example:

Volume %
Distilled

2
10 mm Hg TBP
Temperature, O F

3
TB P

AT

rn

&r

5
10 mm'Hg EFV
Temperature, O F

1 70
269
133
70
339
303
102
76
41 5
405
96
70
50
485
501
94
119
70.
579
620
I. From Figure I/3.4-2.1, the 10 mm Hg EFV 50% temperatureequals :
TBP 50% temperature + AT = 501 + (-1 6) = 485F
2. Calculatethetemperaturedifference
of the given TBP and tabulate them i n
col umn 3.
3. Using the-temperaturedifferences o f the TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n t a b u l a t e d i n
column 3, the corresponding EFV temperaturedifferencesareread
from
Figure P/3.4-2.2 and tabulated i n column 4.
4. W i t h the EFV 50% temperature and thetemperaturedifferences,
the 10 mm Hg
EFV curve is calculated and the results are tabulated
i n column 5.
0

10
30

F i g u r e I/3.4-2.1

AaF (Add

t o TBP 50% t o O b t a i n EFV 5 0 % T e m p e r a t u r e )

I
P

Tu
3

0'

co

e-

Figure I/3.4-2.2
0

11I R I R
IIWB1B
ASEA BROWN BOVERl

ABB LUMMUS
CREST

INC.

STANDARD DATA BOOK

EFV CONVERSIONS

CONVERSION OF EFV TO SUPERATMOSPHERIC

I/3.5-1

PAGE 1 OF 3
QATE:April ,1970

The Edmister-Okamoto (1959) correlation is presentedtodeterminesuperatmospheric EFV data from corresponding EFV data a t atmosphericpressure.
For temperatures
between the 10- and 9OY percentpoints
the correlation i s re1iable t o w i t h i n 20F i f
experimentalatmospheric EFV data i s used or to within 25F i f EFV curves from empirical correlations are used. The c o r r e l a t i o n i s not reliable i n the critical region
or below atmosphericpressure.
The method i s outlinedasfollows:
1.

k i n g the method i n Chapter 4 , determinethecriticalpoint

of the petroleum fraction. This method t o determinesuperatmospheric EFV data can only
be used below the critical point
and above one atmosphere pressure.

2.

Both ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n and EFV data a t atmosphericpressureare

needed by
this method toestimate EFV a t asuperatmosphericpressure.If
no experimental EFV i s available, calculate the atmospheric EFV curveusingthe
empirical method i n Section 1/3.3-1.Tabulate
the valuesoftemperature
in
degreesFahrenheitfor
bothcurves a t 10,30, 50, 70 and90 percent by
vo 1ume .

3.

Calculate the ASTM 10 t o 90 percentslope , thevolumetricaverageboiling

point (VABP) , and the ratio o f ASTM VABP t o (10 t o 90 percent slope plus
16).

4.

Locatethefocalpoint

on FigureI/3.5-1

by the followingprocedure:

a.

From thevalueof
ASTM VABP on the right-handhorizontalaxis
go vert i c a l l y t o t h e givenvalueof
API gravity for the petroleum fraction.

b.

Then proceed horizontal ly to

calculated i n step 3.

c.

Go verticallytothevalue
point is thefocalpoint.

the value o f ASTM 10 to 90 percentslope

o f theratiocalculated

i n step 3.

This

5.

P1 ottheatmospheric EFV temperatures o f the desired volume percent vaporized on the 14.7 psia line.

6.

Draw s t r a i g h tl i n e s between eachatmospheric EFV temperaturepoint and the

focalpoint.
Each 1 i ne i s aconstant volume percentvaporized.
Thus the
EFV temperatures a t adesiredsuperatmosphericpressure
can be read from
the new chart.

Example:

Constructa diagram for a 47.8"API naphtha-keroseneblend f o r which

thefollowingatmospheric
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n i s given b u t no atmospheri c EFV data are avai 1 ab1 e.

111R1R
PUBW

STANDARD DATA BOOK

ASEA BROWN BOVERI

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

Estimatetheatmospheric

TI._,LI.^.-

172 I 298

.- .

PAGE

..

OF 3

DATE : April ,1970

rI 393 1 45570 I1 516

--.,*.-. .__.
...
~

r,

50

method inSection

70
30 I 50
. - ..... -391
293 __1 356
-. ..

10
199

.
.
r

1 30

10

EFV using theempirical

EFV, Volume Percent

Temperature , "F
2.

CONVERSION OF EFV TO SUPERATMOSPHERIC

ASTM D i s t i l l a t i o n , Volume Percent

Temperature , O F
1.

EFV CONVERSIONS

I/3.5-1

96

.--

1/3.3-1.

90

1 423

Calculate:
ASTM slope = 516-172 = 4.3"F/%

90-1 0

ASTM VABP
- 367
ASTM slope + 164.3
+ 16

18.1

on Figure I/3.5-1 by followingtheprocedurein

temperatures,estimated by method i n Section I/3.3-1 ,
and connect each of these points w i t h the focal point
Each 1 inerepresents a constant volume percent
temperatures can be read for the desired superatmos-

3.

Locate thefocalpoint
step 4. P l o t the EFV
on the 14.7 psia
1 ine
w i t h a s t r a i g h t line.
vaporized and the EFV
pheric pressure.

4.

From Chapter 4, thecriticaltemperature

i s 720F and t h ec r i t i c a l
pressure i s 330 psia.Therefore,the
diagram must not be used beyond
this range.

CK
6

n
w

2
T-

a"

4
'8

V ISd 3HnSS3Md

c
2

0
PHASE DIAGRAM CONSTRUCTION CHART

TEMPERATURE,
100
mo
F'a0

#r)

ASTM VA0P

l 1 o 0 ~ u o o 1 4 0 0

STANDARD DATA BOOK

Ab BRBR

FqIBIB
ASEA BROWN BOVERI

PAGE 1 OF 1

ABB LUMMUS

EFV CONVERSIONS

INC.

CONVERSION OF EFV TO SUBATMOSPHERIC

CREST

I/3.5-2

DATE : Apri 1 ,1970

The Edmister-Okamoto (1959) correlation, presented to re1 a t e the 50-percent

temperaturesof EFV d i s t i l l a t i o n s a t v a r i o u s subatmosphericpressures, i s reported
by the authorstocalculatetemperatures
w i t h i n 25F of the actualvalues.
The
nethod i s out1 i ned as fol lows :
1.

Tabulatethevaluesoftemperature
i n degreesFahrenheit
50 percent by volumeand otherdesiredpercentsvaporized
pressure

2.

Using FigureI/3.5-2 and thegiven 50% temperature(for heavy stocks when

the EFV 50% temperature i s not avail able, the EFV 30% temperature may be
used instead) , transpose t h e O % temperature to the desired subatmospheric
pressure.Enterthehorizontalaxis
a t t h e given 50% temperature and prothe pressure of the
ceed v e r t i c a l l y upward to the line corresponding to
given EFV. Then go horizontally to the 1i ne corresFondi ng to the desired
new pressure and v e r t i c a l l y downward t o the new 50% temperature. ( I f the
givenpressure i s 760 mm Hg, enter the verti.ca1axis a t t h e given 50% temperature , proceed horizontally to the 1 i ne corresponding t o the desired new
pressure and v e r t i c a l l y downward t o the new 50% temperature. )

3.

Using the new EFV 50% temperature and assuming that the temperature d i f f erences between segments o f the EFV curvesareconstant
a t subatmospheric
pressures , compute the new EFV curve.

Example:

Calculatethe 100 mm Hg EFV curve f o r a residuum w i t h the given

10 mm Hg EFV curvetabulated i n columns 1 and 2 below:

1
4
Volume
Percent
0
10
30
50
70

of the EFV f o r the

a t the given

2
10 mm Hg EFV
Temperature ,"F
275
338
41 4
494
588

3
EFV

100 mm Hg EFV
Temperature ,O F

63
76
80
94

409
472
548
6 28
722

1.

From the 10 mm Hg EFV 50% temperatureof 494F and FigureI/3.5-2,

the new
EFV 50% temperature i s found,followingtheprocedure
i n step 2 , t o be
628F.

2.

The temperaturedifferencefortheindicated
segments arecalculated and
shown i n column 3.
Assuming thatthetemperaturedifferencesareconstant
i n the subatmosphericregion,the
100 mm Hg EFV curve is obtained by subtracting and
adding to the 100 mm Hg EFV 50% temperaturethedifferences
i n column 3.
The resul ts are tabulated i n column 4.

3.

Figure 1/3-52

3
1000

900

800

700

600

500

$00

300

200

EFFECTOFPRESSURE
ON THE
50% POINTTEMPERATURES ON
THE VACUUM EFV

EFV 50% Temperature a t P

,OF

Ai IBIR
FWIIB
ASEA BROWN BOVERI

STANDARD DA?A BOOK

EFV CONVERSIONS

ABB LUMMUS
CREST

INC.

ASTM OF OVERHEAD PRODUCT FROM EFV

I/3.5-3

I PAGE
I

1 OF 1

DATE : Apri 1,1970

The Edmister(1949) correlation,presented t o relatetheatmospheric

ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n curve for the overhead of an EFV t o t h e ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n of the feed, is
re1 iable t o w i t h i n 20F w i t h a maximum of120F between the 10- and
ercent
points . Themethod i s out1 ined as follows :
1.

TabulatethevaluesofthetemperatureindegreesFahrenheit
o f the feed
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n a t t h e givenpercents byvolume
distilled.

2.

Calculate the ASTM 10%t o 70% slope of the feed.

3.

From FigureI/3.5-3 f i n d thetemperaturedifferences

a t thevariouspercents by volume d i s t i l l e d o f the overheadproduct.Enterthefigure
atthe
t o t a l volume percent o f thefeedvaporized
by the EFV on the horizontal
axis, proceed vertically t o the 1ine corresponding t o the ASTM 10%t o 70%
slope calculated i n step 2 , then horizontally t o t h e f i r s t o f the desired
percent by volume o f the overhead, vertically
t o the 1 ine corresponding t o
thepressure of the EFV and horizontally t o readthedifference.
This procedure i s repeated for each desired percent of the overhead.

4.

The temperaturedifferences found i n step 3 are subtracted

from the ASTM
temperatures o f . t h e feed t o obtain the ASTM temperatures of the EFV overhead product a t the correspondingpercents by volume d i s t i l l e d .

Example:

Estimate the ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n curveof the overhead productresul t i n g from an EFV a t atmospheric pressure w i t h 502 by volume
vaporized. The atmospheric ASTM d i s t i l l z t i o n of thefeed i s tabulated i n columns 1 and 2 below:

1
Volume Percent
Distil led
10
30
50
70
90

2
Feed ASTM
Temperature,OF

3
-

248
322
374
424
486

30
58
79
91
99

ASTM 10% t o 70% slope:

AT

4
Overhead Product
ASTM Temperature,OF
21 8
264
295
333
387

1.

Gal culatethe

2.

From FigureI/3.5-3
for an EFV o f 50% vaporized,thetemperaturedifferences are found by f o l l owing the procedure i n step 3 and are tabu1 ated i n
column 3 a t the corresponding percent by vol ume dis ti 1 led.

3.

The temperaturedifferencesaresubtracted
from thecorresponding ASTM
temperaturesofthefeed
t o obtain the ASTM temperaturesoftheoverhead
product. The resultsaretabulated
i n column 4.

424-248
70-1 0

= 2.9"~/%.

I l o l m Percent o f Charae Vaoarized

11mRmR
P I I BBOVERl
IB
ASEA BROWN

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

The
til lation
to w i t h i n
nethod is

STANDARD DATA BOOK

I/3.5-4

EFV CONVERSIONS

ASTM OF BOTTOMS PRODUCT FROM EFV

PAGE 1 OF 1
DATE: April ,1970

Edmister (1949) correlation,, presented t o relate the atmospheric ASTM d i s curve for the bottoms product of an EFV t o t h e ASTM of the feed, i s re1 i able
20F w i t h a.maximum of 75Fbetween the 10- and 90-percent p o i n t s . The
outlined as fol lows :

1.

Tabulatethevalues
of thetemperature i n degreesFahrenheitofthefeed
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n a t t h e givenpercents by volume d i s t i l l e d .

2.

Calculatethe

3.

From Figure1/3.5-4,
f i n d thetemperaturedifference
a t thevariouspercents
by volume d i s t i l l e d of the bottoms product. Enter the f i g u r e a t t h e volume
percent of the EFV vaporized on the horizontal axis , proceed v e r t i c a l l y t o
the 1ine corresponding t o the ASTM 10% t o 70% slope calculated i n step 2,
then horizontally t o the first of the desired percent by volume of the
bottoms, vertical ly t o the line corresponding t o the pressure of the EFV
and horizantally t o the axis t o readthetemperaturedifference.
This procedure i s repeated for each desired percent of the bottoms.

4.

The temperaturedifferences .found i n step 3 are added t o the ASTM temperatures o f the feed to o b t a i n the ASTM temperatures of the EFV bottoms
product a t the correspondingpercents by volume d i s t i l l e d .

Example:

ASTM 10% t o 70% slope of thefeed.

Estimatetheatmospheric
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n curve of the bottoms product resulting from an EFV a t 200 p s i g pressure w i t h 50% byvolume
vaporized. The atmospheric ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n of thefeed is tabu1ated i n col umns 1 and 2 bel ow:

11
2
Feed ASTM
Vol ume Percent
Distil
Temperature,"F
Temperature,"F
led
10
30
50

70
90

248
322
374
4 24
486
ASTM 10% t o 70% slope:

AT

Bottoms Prcduct

ASTM Temperature ,O F

60
48
39
28
20

308
370
41 3
452
506

1.

Calculatethe

2.

From FigureI/3.5-4for
an EFV of 50%-vaporized,thetemperaturedifferences
are found by followingtheprocedure
i n step 3 and are tabulated i n column
3 a t t h e correspondingpercent byvolume d i s t i l l e d .

3.

The temperaturedifferencesare
added t o the ASTM temperatures of thefeed
t o obtainthecorresponding
ASTM temperatures o f the bottoms product. The
results are tabulated
i n column 4.

424-248 = 2. go^/%
70-1 0

Figure I/3.5-4

Volume Percent o f Charge Yaprized

.~
~~

A IRIR

STANDARD DATA BOOK

1cWBBP
ASEA BROWN 6OVERi

ABB LUMMUS

EFV CONVERSIONS

INC.

API GRAVITIES OF PRODUCTS FROM EFV

CREST

1/3.5-5

PAGE 1 OF 1
DATE: ADril .I970

The Edmister(1949) correlation,presented t o r e l a t e the API gravities o f the

overhead and bottoms productsof an EFV t o the properties o f the feed, i s reli ab1 e t o
w i t h i n 3"API w i t h a maximum of 12"API. The method i s o u t l i n e d asfollows:
1.

From the temperaturesoftheatmospheric

ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n o f the given
feed, calculate the ASTM 10% t o 30% slope.

2. In Figure 1/3.5-5, s t a r t a t the given EFV volume percent o f thefeed

vaporized on the lower s c a l e , proceed vertical ly t o the Value on the
lines of the ASTM 10% t o 30% slope of the feed (marked t o be used f o r
overheadproduct), then horizontally t o the given API gravityof the
feed and v e r t i c a l l y t o t h e t o p s c a l e where the API gravity o f the overhead product i s read. For the bottoms product a similarprocedure i s
followed except the 1 i nes of the ASTM 10% t o 30% slope o f the feed
marked for bottoms product are used.
Example:

Estimatethe API gravity o f the overhead and bottoms products

from an atmospheric EFV o f 70 percent of a43.2"API
feed. The
ASTM d i s t i l l a t i o n of the feedgives a temperature of 248F a t
10 volume Dercent d i s t i l l e d and 322F a t 30%.
1.Calculatethe

2.

ASTM 10% t o 30% slope o f the feed:

From Figure1/3.5-5 w i t h an EFV f o r 70% of the feed

vaporized and followingtheprocedure
i n step 2, the
API gravity o f the overheadproduct is 45.3 and of
the bottoms product i s 37.O"API.

Fiaure V3.5-5
.I

API Gravities o f Equilibrium

Overhead o r Bottoms Products

Volume Percent o f Charge Vaporized

11IRUR
FIBBBB
A!XA BROWN BOVERI

ABB LUMMUS
CREST
INC.

STANDARD DATA BOOK

ASTM-TBP-EFV RELATIONSHIPS

I/3.6

PAGE 1 OF

COMPUTER METHODS

The equil i brium flash vaporizatjon (EFV) curve of a petroleum fraction can be
calculated from a given TBP d i s t i l l a t i o n curve by the following computerprogram.
ComputerProgram 4-9107: "PropertiesofPetroleum
Blends and Cuts", Version 3.0, A p r i l 15, 1970.

This program can also handle certain l i g h t hydrocarbons that are often present
i n petroleumfractions which thepreceeding hand correlationscannot.
The "User's
Manual'' f o r Program No. 4-9107canbe
obtained from Computer Systems.