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Measuring Suggestions
The principle used to measure hardness is based on measuring the resistance force of the
penetration of a pin into the test material under a known spring load. The amount of penetration
(max. 2.5 mm) is converted to hardness reading on a scale with 100 units.
1. Whenever possible, a Durometer measurement should be taken at least 12 mm (approx.
0.500") in from the edge of a sample, as the hardness characteristic of any sample tends to
change at at the edges.
2. Whenever possible, the thickness of a sample should exceed 6 mm (approx. 0.250"). If the
sample is thinner then this, then the sample can be backed with a sample of the same material to
increase the thickness.
3. Test Coupons or test blocks (rubber or plastic) should not be used for calibration verification.
As all samples are subject to characteristic changes over time along with temperature and
lighting conditions, the rated Shore value when supplied as new can and will vary with age.
Proper calibration verification requires independent confirmation of the internal spring forces
along with the verification of the pin displacement vs. the indicated value on the scale.
4. Per the ASTM Standard D 2240, readings below 10 and above 90 are not to be
considered reliable and should be discarded. Therefore, it is important to select the
approapriate Scale that will provide results between 10-90 units.
ASTM D-2240
Principle of Operation
What is the difference between reagent grade and laboratory (lab) grade
chemicals?
Reagent grade chemicals are selected and best suited for general laboratory experiments. Chemical purity
conforms or exceeds quality specifications established by the American Chemical Society.
Laboratory grade chemicals typically meet a minimum purity standard and are usually acceptable for experiments
and demonstrations which do not require qualitative results.
Regardless of the chemical's quality, Flinn Scientific inspects each and every chemical it packages for freshness
and quality.
Flinn chemicals are the best!
Digital Coating Thickness Gauges
The Elcometer range of digital coating thickness gauges has been specifically designed to provide highly
accurate, reliable and repeatable coating thickness measurements on almost any substrate, whether ferrous or
non-ferrous.
Dry Film Thickness can be measured on either magnetic steel surfaces or non-magnetic metal surfaces such as
stainless steel or aluminium using a digital coating thickness gauge. The principle of electromagnetic induction is
used for non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates such as steel. The eddy current principle is used for nonconductive coatings on non-ferrous metals substrates.
Elcometer offer a range of digital coating thickness gauges from the new Elcometer 456 - available with either
integral or separate probes, the Elcometer 415 Paint and Powder Thickness Gauge, to the Elcometer 311
Automotive Refinishing Gauge.
From the simplest pre-calibrated pull-off coating thickness gauge Elcometer 157 which will provide you with quick
and immediate results to the more accurate coating thickness gauge Elcometer 211, also called the "banana
gauge" which is ideal for cold and underwater surfaces.
When there is no magnetic materials influencing the probe then the magnetic field cuts through the other two
coils equally. As the probe is brought closer to the uncoated substrate the field becomes unbalanced with more
field cutting the nearest coil and less cutting the furthest coil. This produces a net voltage between the two coils
which is a measure of the distance to the substrate (the coating thickness).
Calibration is the process whereby manufacturers of a coating thickness gauge sets-up, during manufacture, to
ensure that the gauge meets the required accuracy specification. The procedure normally requires the coating
thickness gauge to be set to known values of thickness and checked on intermediate thickness values. In
modern electronic instruments the values at key points across the coating thickness range are stored as
reference points in the memory of the gauge.
To overcome these effects most coating thickness gauges have features that allow you to set the gauge to the
work being carried out, thus maximising the accuracy of the readings