According to a pious legend that was very popular in the Middle Ages, St.

Julian was of noble birth and

while hunting one day, was reproached by a hart for hunting him and told that he would one day kill his
mother and father.
He was richly rewarded for his services by a king and married a widow. While he was away his mother
and father arrived at his castle seeking him; When his wife realized who they were, she put them up for
the night in the masters bed room. When St. Julian returned unexpectedly later that night and saw a man
and a woman in his bed, he suspected the worst and killed them both. When his wife returned from
church and he found he had killed his parents, he was overcome with remorse and fled the castle,
resolved to do a fitting penance.
He was joined by his wife and they built an inn for travelers near a wide river, and a hospital for the poor.
He was forgiven for his crime when he gave help to a leper in his own bed; the leper turned out to be a
angel from God who had been sent to test him. He is the patron of hotel keepers, travelers, and boatmen.
His feast day is February 12th.

St. Agabus, one of the seventy disciples, and martyr. The seventy disciples were chosen by the Lord to go
before Him to preach the gospel. St. Agabus was with the twelve disciples in the upper room on the day of
Pentecost, and he was filled with the Holy Spirit, the Comforter.
He received the gift of prophecy, as the Acts of the Apostles tells us, And as we stayed many days, a
certain prophet named Agabus came down from Judea. When he had come to us, he took Pauls belt,
bound his own hands and feet, and said, Thus says the Holy Spirit, so shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind
the man who owns this belt, and deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles.' (Acts 21:10-11) This
prophecy was fulfilled. (Acts 21:17-36)
He also prophesied about a famine on all the earth, and this was fulfilled during the time of Claudius
Caesar, the Roman Emperor. (Acts 11:27-28) He preached the gospel together with the holy apostles. He
went to many countries, teaching and converting many of the Jews and the Greeks to the knowledge of
the Lord Christ. He sanctified them by the life-giving baptism.
This moved the Jews of Jerusalem to arrest him, and they tortured him by beating him severely, and
putting a rope around his neck, and they dragged him outside the city. They stoned him there until he
gave up his pure spirit. At this moment, a light came down from heaven. Everyone saw it as a continuous
column between his body and heaven. A Jewish woman saw it and said, Truly this man was righteous.
She shouted in a loud voice, I am a Christian and I believe in the God of this saint. They stoned her also
and she died and was buried with him in one tomb.

Because their father was an officer in a part of Greece inhabited by many Slavs, these two Greek
brothers, Sts. Cyril & Methodius, ultimately became missionaries, teachers and patrons of the Slavic
peoples.
After a brilliant course of studies, Cyril (called Constantine until he became a monk shortly before his
death) refused the governorship of a district such as his brother had accepted among the Slavic-speaking
population. Cyril withdrew to a monastery where his brother Methodius had become a monk after some
years in a governmental post.
A decisive change in their lives occurred when the Duke of Moravia (present-day Czech Republic) asked
the Eastern Emperor Michael for political independence from German rule and ecclesiastical autonomy
(having their own clergy and liturgy). Cyril and Methodius undertook the missionary task.
Cyrils first work was to invent an alphabet, still used in some Eastern liturgies. His followers probably
formed the Cyrillic alphabet (for example, modern Russian) from Greek capital letters. Together they
translated the Gospels, the psalter, Pauls letters and the liturgical books into Slavonic, and composed a
Slavonic liturgy, highly irregular then.
That and their free use of the vernacular in preaching led to opposition from the German clergy. The
bishop refused to consecrate Slavic bishops and priests, and Cyril was forced to appeal to Rome. On the

visit to Rome, he and Methodius had the joy of seeing their new liturgy approved by Pope Adrian II. Cyril,
long an invalid, died in Rome 50 days after taking the monastic habit.
Methodius continued mission work for 16 more years. He was papal legate for all the Slavic peoples,
consecrated a bishop and then given an ancient see (now in the Czech Republic). When much of their
former territory was removed from their jurisdiction, the Bavarian bishops retaliated with a violent storm of
accusation against Methodius. As a result, Emperor Louis the German exiled Methodius for three years.
Pope John VIII secured his release.
The Frankish clergy, still smarting, continued their accusations, and Methodius had to go to Rome to
defend himself against charges of heresy and uphold his use of the Slavonic liturgy. He was again
vindicated.
Legend has it that in a feverish period of activity, Methodius translated the whole Bible into Slavonic in
eight months. He died on Tuesday of Holy Week, surrounded by his disciples, in his cathedral church.
Opposition continued after his death, and the work of the brothers in Moravia was brought to an end and
their disciples scattered. But the expulsions had the beneficial effect of spreading the spiritual, liturgical
and cultural work of the brothers to Bulgaria, Bohemia and southern Poland. Patrons of Moravia, and
specially venerated by Catholic Czechs, Slovaks, Croatians, Orthodox Serbians and Bulgarians, Cyril and
Methodius are eminently fitted to guard the long-desired unity of East and West. In 1980, Pope John Paul
II named them additional co-patrons of Europe (with Benedict).

St. Valentine was a holy priest in Rome, who, with St. Marius and his family, assisted the martyrs in the
persecution under Claudius II. Since he was caught marrying Christian couples and aiding any Christians
who were being persecuted under Emperor Claudius in Rome [when helping them was considered a
crime], Valentinus was arrested and imprisoned.
When he refused to renounce his faith he was beaten with clubs, and afterwards, beheaded on February
14, about the year 270.
One legend says, while awaiting his execution, Valentinus restored the sight of his jailers blind daughter.
Another legend says, on the eve of his death, he penned a farewell note to the jailers daughter, signing it,
From your Valentine.
To abolish the heathens lewd superstitious custom of boys drawing the names of girls, in honor of their
goddess Februata Juno, on the fifteenth of this month, several zealous pastors substituted the names of
saints in billets given on this day. He is the Patron Saint of affianced couples, bee keepers, engaged
couples, epilepsy, fainting, greetings, happy marriages, love, lovers, plague, travellers, young people. He
is represented in pictures with birds and roses.

St. Claude de la Colombiere, SJ, promoted the devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus and was the
confessor of St. Margaret Mary Alacoque.
Claude de la Colombiere was born of French noble parents in 1641. His young years were apparently
happy ones, as he was close to his family and friends, leading an active social life. He entered the Jesuit
novitiate at 17 and commenced a life of study and teaching. After his ordination he taught at the Jesuit
college in Lyons, preached, and served as moderator for several Marian congregations.
In 1674, after 15 years of Jesuit life, Colombiere took a personal vow to observe the Rule and
Constitutions of the Society of Jesus. He discovered in this program of sanctity an experience of inner
liberation and a greater ability to open his heart to others in ministry.
In 1675 Claude was named rector at the Jesuit college at Paray-le-Monial, France. While in Paray,
Colombiere became the spiritual advisor for Sr. Margaret Mary Alacoque. The Lord was revealing to
Margaret Mary visions of his compassionate heart for the world.

Margaret Mary was filled with anxiety and uncertainty about what she was experiencing. The Lord
instructed through Sr. Margaret Mary Alacoque that the world be devoted to his Sacred Heart. Colombiere
assured Sr. Margaret Mary that her visions were authentic. He also instructed her to write down all that
she had experienced. In accepting the authenticity of Margaret Marys visions, Claude de la Colombiere
pledged himself to the mission of spreading the devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus.
In 1676 Claude became the appointed preacher for the Duchess of York (later Queen of England). He
moved to London, where he worked to reconcile former Catholics with the Church. In 1678 he was caught
in the web of lies spun by Titus Oates about an alleged plot by Jesuits to kill Charles II. Claude, in spite of
failing health, was first thrown into prison and later exiled to France. In 1682 Colombiere died in Paray-leMonial. Claude de la Colombiere was declared a saint by Pope John Paul II in 1992.

St. Onesimus lived in the first century. He was a slave who robbed his master and ran away to Rome. In
Rome he went to see the great apostle, St. Paul, who was a prisoner for his faith. Paul received St.
Onesimus with the kindness and love of a good father. Paul helped the young man realize he had done
wrong to steal. But more than that, he led St. Onesimus to believe in and accept the Christian faith.
After St. Onesimus became a Christian, Paul sent him back to his master, Philemon, who was Pauls
friend. But Paul did not send the slave back alone and defenseless. He armed St. Onesimus with a brief,
powerful letter. Paul hoped his letter would set everything right for his new friend, St. Onesimus. Paul
wrote to Philemon: I plead with you for my own son, for St. Onesimus. I am sending him back to you.
Welcome him as though he were my very heart.
That touching letter is in the New Testament of the Bible. Philemon accepted Pauls letter and Pauls
advice. When St. Onesimus returned to his master, he was set free. Later, he went back to St. Paul and
became his faithful helper.

St. Paul made St. Onesimus a priest and then a bishop. The former slave dedicated the rest of his life to
preaching the Good News that had changed his life forever. It is believed that during the persecutions, St.
Onesimus was brought in chains to Rome and stoned to death.

17feb

Saint Simeon was the son of Cleophas, otherwise called Alpheus, who was father also of Saint James the
Lesser, the first bishop of Jerusalem, of Saint Jude the Apostle, and of another son named Joseph.
Alpheus, according to tradition, was Saint Josephs brother; thus Saint Simeon was the nephew of Saint
Joseph and the cousin of our Saviour.
We cannot doubt but that he was an early follower of Christ; tradition assigns the familys residence to
Nazareth. He certainly received the Holy Ghost on the day of Pentecost, with the Blessed Virgin and the
Apostles. When the Jews massacred Saint James the Lesser, his brother Simeon reproached them for
their atrocious cruelty. After this first bishop of Jerusalem had been put to death in the year 62, that is,
twenty-nine years after Our Saviours Resurrection, the Apostles and disciples met at Jerusalem to
appoint a successor, and unanimously chose Saint Simeon, who had probably already assisted his
brother in the government of that Church.
In the year 66 or 67, during which Saints Peter and Paul suffered martyrdom at Rome, civil war broke out
in Judea as a result of the hostility of the Jews against the Romans and their seditions. The Christians of
Jerusalem were warned by God of the impending destruction of that city. With Saint Simeon at their head,

they therefore left it in that year and retired beyond the Jordan to a small city called Pella, before
Vespasian, Neros General, later Roman Emperor, entered Judea. After the taking and burning of
Jerusalem they returned there once more, still under the leadership of Saint Simeon, and settled amid its
ruins.
The Jerusalem church flourished again for a few years until razed by Adrian, and multitudes of Jews were
converted by the great number of prodigies and miracles wrought in its midst. The emperors Vespasian
and Domitian had commanded all to be put to death who were of the race of David; but Saint Simeon
escaped their searches. When Trajan renewed the same decree, however, certain heretics and Jews
accused the Saint before the Roman governor in Palestine, as being both of the race of David and a
Christian.
The holy bishop was condemned to be crucified. He died in the year 107, after having undergone during
several days the usual tortures, though he was one hundred and twenty years old. He suffered these
torments with so much patience that he won universal admiration. He had governed the Church of
Jerusalem for about forty-three years.

St. Conrad of Piacenza (1290-1350) was born of a noble family in northern Italy and as a young man
married Euphrosyne, daughter of a nobleman.
One day while hunting he ordered attendants to set fire to some brush in order to flush out the game. The
fire spread to nearby fields and to a large forest. Conrad fled. An innocent peasant was imprisoned,
tortured to confess and condemned to death. Conrad confessed his guilt, saved the mans life and paid for
the damaged property.
Soon after this event, Conrad and his wife agreed to separate: she to a Poor Clare monastery and he to a
group of hermits following the Third Order Rule. His reputation for holiness, however, spread quickly.
Since his many visitors destroyed his solitude, Conrad went to a more remote spot in Sicily where he lived
36 years as a hermit, praying for himself and for the rest of the world.

Prayer and penance were his answer to the temptations that beset him. Conrad died kneeling before a
crucifix. He was canonized in 1625.

Between May 13 and October 13, 1917, three children, Portuguese shepherds from Aljustrel, received
apparitions of Our Lady at Cova da Iria, near Fatima, a city 110 miles north of Lisbon. At that time, Europe
was involved in an extremely bloody war. Portugal itself was in political turmoil, having overthrown its
monarchy in 1910; the government disbanded religious organizations soon after.
At the first appearance, Mary asked the children to return to that spot on the thirteenth of each month for
the next six months. She also asked them to learn to read and write and to pray the rosary to obtain
peace for the world and the end of the war. They were to pray for sinners and for the conversion of
Russia, which had recently overthrown Czar Nicholas II and was soon to fall under communism. Up to
90,000 people gathered for Marys final apparition on October 13, 1917.

Less than two years later, Francisco died of influenza in his family home. He was buried in the parish
cemetery and then re-buried in the Fatima basilica in 1952. Jacinta died of influenza in Lisbon, offering
her suffering for the conversion of sinners, peace in the world and the Holy Father. She was re-buried in
the Fatima basilica in 1951. Their cousin, Lucia dos Santos, became a Carmelite nun and was still living
when Jacinta and Francisco were beatified in 2000. Sister Lucia died five years later. The shrine of Our
Lady of Fatima is visited by up to 20 million people a year.

St. Peter Damian, born in 988, was the youngest of a large family; his parents were noble, but poor. At his
birth an elder brother protested against this new charge on the resources of the family with such effect
that his mother refused to suckle him and the babe nearly died. A family retainer, however, fed the
starving child and by example and reproaches recalled his mother to her duty. Left an orphan in early
years, he was at first adopted by an elder brother, who ill-treated and under-fed him while employing him
as a swineherd. Finally, his other brother, who was archpriest of Ravenna, took him under his wing. His
brother sent him to good schools and Peter became a professor.

Already in those days Peter was very strict with himself. He wore a hair shirt under his clothes, fasted
rigorously and spent many hours in prayer. Soon, he decided to leave his teaching and give himself
completely to prayer with the Benedictines of the reform of St. Romuald at Fonte Avellana. They lived two
monks to a hermitage. Peter was so eager to pray and slept so little that he soon suffered from severe
insomnia. He found he had to use some prudence in taking care of himself. When he was not praying, he
studied the Bible.
The abbot commanded that when he died Peter should succeed him. Abbot Peter founded five other
hermitages. He encouraged his brothers in a life of prayer and solitude and wanted nothing more for
himself. The Holy See periodically called on him, however, to be a peacemaker or troubleshooter,
between two abbeys in dispute or a cleric or government official in some disagreement with Rome.
Finally, Pope Stephen IX made Peter the cardinal-bishop of Ostia. He worked hard to wipe out simony
(the buying of church offices), and encouraged his priests to observe celibacy and urged even the
diocesan clergy to live together and maintain scheduled prayer and religious observance.
He wished to restore primitive discipline among religious and priests, warning against needless travel,
violations of poverty and too comfortable living. He even wrote to the bishop of Besancon, complaining
that the canons there sat down when they were singing the psalms in the Divine Office.
He wrote many letters. Some 170 are extant. We also have 53 of his sermons and seven lives, or
biographies, that he wrote. He preferred examples and stories rather than theory in his writings. The
liturgical offices he wrote are evidence of his talent as a stylist in Latin.
He asked often to be allowed to retire as cardinal-bishop of Ostia, and finally Alexander II consented.
Peter was happy to become once again just a monk, but he was still called to serve as a papal legate.
When returning from such an assignment in Ravenna, he was overcome by a fever. With the monks
gathered around him saying the Divine Office, he died on February 22, 1072. In 1828 he was declared a
Doctor of the Church.

This feast commemorates Christs choosing Peter to sit in his place as the servant-authority of the whole
Church.
Jesus bestowed to Peter a special place among the Apostles. He was one of the three who were with
Christ on special occasions, such as the Transfiguration of Christ and the Agony in the Garden of

Gethsemane. He was the only Apostle to whom Christ appeared on the first day after the Resurrection.
St. Peter, in turn, often spoke on behalf of the Apostles.
When Jesus asked the Apostles: Whom do men say that the Son of Man is?
Simon replied: Thou art Christ, the Son of the Living God.
And Jesus said: Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jona: because flesh and blood have not revealed it to you,
but my Father who is in heaven. And I say to you: That you are Peter [Cephas, a rock], and upon this rock
[Cephas] I will build my Church [ekklesian], and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. And I will give
to you the keys of the kingdom of heaven. And whatsoever you shall bind upon earth, it shall be bound
also in heaven: and whatsoever you shall loose on earth, it shall be loosed also in heaven. (Mt 16:13-20)
In saying this Jesus made St. Peter the head of the entire community of believers and placed the spiritual
guidance of the faithful in St. Peters hands.
The earliest mention of a celebration of the See of St Peter on this day is in a calendar dating to 311. It is
believed that on this day St Peter made his confession of faith, and accordingly an older Collect for the
feast said that on this day the Lord gave St Peter to the Church to be its head, as Christs Vicar on earth.

St. Polycarp lived in about 69-155 A.D., and was the Bishop of Smyrna, Izmir in modern Turkey. He was
the leading Christian figure in Roman Asia Minor. He is an important link between the tradition of the
Church stretch from the apostles to the 2nd century church.
Few details of his life are extant with any reliability beyond his famous martyrdom, which was recounted in
the Martyrium Polycarpi. It is believed, however, that he was converted to the faith by St. John the
Evangelist about 80 A.D. St. Irenaeus (Bishop of Lyons in 2nd century) tells us that Polycarp sat at the
feet of the Apostle St. John. Polycarp also knew others that saw Christ in the flesh. He was appointed to
the See of Smyrna by the Apostles themselves about 96 A.D.
He was, as was his friend St. Ignatius of Antioch, one of the most important intermediary links between
the apostolic and the patristic eras in the Church, especially in Christian Asia Minor. When Ignatius was
being taken to Rome to be put to death, he wrote of Polycarp being clothed with the garment of grace. A
defender of orthodoxy, he opposed such heretical groups as the Marcionites and Valentinians. He also
authored a surviving epistle to the Philippians, exhorting them to remain strong in the faith. The letter is of
great interest to scholars because it demonstrates the existence of New Testament texts, with quotes from
Matthew and Luke, the Acts of the Apostles, and the first letters of Peter and John.
Persecution broke out in Smyrna. Polycarp was himself arrested by Roman officials in Smyrna soon after
returning from a trip to Rome to discuss the date for Easter with Pope Anicetus. When Polycarp heard that
his pursuers were at the door, he said, The will of God be done; and meeting them, he begged to be left
alone for a little time, which he spent in prayer for the Catholic Church throughout the world. As Polycarp
was led into the stadium where he was to be martyred, the uproar was so loud that many did not hear the
announcement. A voice from heaven came to Polycarp as he was entering the stadium: Be strong,
Polycarp, and play the man! No one saw the speaker, but many witnesses heard the voice.
The Roman proconsul attempted to persuade Polycarp to worship Caesar and say Away with the
atheists referring to the Christians Polycarp looked up to heaven and groaned Away with the atheists!
refering to the Roman crowds. The proconsul asked him to revile Christ, and Polycarp replied: I have
served Him eight-six years and in no way has He dealt unjustly with me; so how can I blaspheme my King
Who saved me?
Polycarp declared his Christianity and refused any persistence by the proconsul. Many threats were
made against him: wild beasts, fire, and any torture possible.Polycarps response to these: You threaten
fire which burns for an hour and is soon quenched; for you are ignorant of the fire of the coming judgment
and eternal punishment reserved for the wicked. But why do you wait? Come, do what you will! As
Polycarp spoke, he became filled with courage and joy. His face was covered with grace so much so that

none of the threats stirred terror in his heart. The crowds shouted that Polycarp should be burned alive
they gathered wood and fuel from shops and baths.
Polycarp readily took off his garments and loosened his belt. He also made an effort to take off his shoes,
although he was not used to doing this because the faithful always hurried to take them off so that they
may be the first to touch his skin, since he was greatly adorned because of his Godly way of life. As they
were about to nail Polycarp, he said: Let me be as I am; for He who makes it possible for me to endure
the fire will also make it possible for me to remain on the pyre unmoved without the security of
nails. Thus, they only bound him, but did not nail him.
Polycarp looked up to heaven and said this last prayer:
Lord God Almighty, Father of Your Beloved and Blessed Son Jesus Christ, through whom we have
received knowledge of You, God of angels and powers and every created thing and all the race of the just
who dwell before You. I bless You because You have considered me worthy of this day and hour to
receive a portion among the number of the martyrs in the Cup of your Christ unto the resurrection of
eternal life, both of soul and body in the incorruption of the Holy Spirit. May I be received among them
today as a rich and acceptable sacrifice, just as you have prepared beforehand and revealed beforehand,
and fulfilled, O undeceiving and true God. For this reason and for all these things I praise You, I bless
You, I glorify You, through the eternal and heavenly high priest, Jesus Christ, Your beloved Son, through
whom to You with Him and the Holy Spirit be glory now and forever. Amen.
When he lifted up the Amen and finished the prayer, the fire was lit. When the flame shot up, a miracle
was witnessed: The fire took the form of an arch like the sail of a ship filled by the wind and encircled the
body of the martyr like a wall. He was in the center of it not like burning flesh but like baking bread or like
gold and silver being refined in a furnace. Those who witnessed this miracle also smelled a fragrant odor
like the scent of incense or some other precious spice. When the pagans saw that his body could not be
consumed by fire, they ordered the executioner to plunge a dagger into him. When he did this, a large
quantity of blood came outso much that it quenched the fire. Everyone was amazed that there was
such a great difference between the unbelievers and the elect, of which Polycarp was a member.
After he departed, the Jews and others created an issue over what was to be done with St. Polycarps
bodythey thought that the faithful believers would begin to worship him, so the centurion decided to
burn his body. Then, say the writers of his acts, we took up the bones, more precious than the richest
jewels or gold, and deposited them in a fitting place, at which may God grant us to assemble with joy to
celebrate the birthday of the martyr to his life in heaven!

Thomas Maria Fusco, the seventh of eight children, was born on 1 December 1831 in Pagani, Salerno, in
the Diocese of Nocera-Sarno, Italy, to Dr Antonio, a pharmacist, and Stella Giordano, of noble descent.
They were known for their upright moral and religious conduct, and taught their son Christian piety and
charity to the poor.
He was baptized on the day he was born in the parish of S. Felice e Corpo di Cristo. In 1837, when he
was only six years old, his mother died of cholera and a few years later, in 1841, he also lost his father. Fr
Giuseppe, an uncle on his fathers side and a primary school teacher, then took charge of his education.
Since 1839, the year of the canonization of St Alphonsus Mary de Liguori, little Tommaso had dreamed of
church and the altar; in 1847 he was at last able to enter the same diocesan seminary of Nocera which
his brother Raffaele would leave after being ordained a priest in 1849.
On 1 April 1851, Tommaso Maria received the sacrament of Confirmation and on 22 December 1855,
after completing his seminary formation, he was ordained a priest by Bishop Agnello Giuseppe DAuria.
In those years, sorrowful because of the loss of his loved ones, including his uncle (1847) as well as his
young brother, Raffaele (1852), the devotion to the Patient Christ and to his Blessed Sorrowful Mother,
already dear to the entire Fusco family, took root in Tommaso Maria, as in fact his biographers recall: He
had a deep devotion to the crucified Christ which he cherished throughout his life.
Right from the start he saw to the formation of boys for whom he opened a morning school in his own
home, while for young people and adults, bent on increasing their human and Christian formation, he
organized evening prayers at the parish church of S. Felice e Corpo di Cristo. This was a true place of
conversion and prayer, just as it had been for St Alphonsus, revered and honoured in Pagani for his
apostolate.
In 1857, he was admitted to the Congregation of the Missionaries of Nocera under the title of St Vincent
de Paul and became an itinerant missionary, especially in the regions of Southern Italy. In 1860 he was
appointed chaplain at the Shrine of our Lady of Carmel (known as Our Lady of the Hens) in Pagani,
where he built up the mens and womens Catholic associations and set up the altar of the Crucified Christ
and the Pious Union for the Adoration of the Most Precious Blood of Jesus. In 1862 he opened a school
of moral theology in his own home to train priests for the ministry of confession, kindling enthusiasm for
the love of Christs Blood; that same year, he founded the (Priestly) Society of the Catholic Apostolate for
missions among the common people; in 1874 he received the approval of Pope Pius IX, now blessed.

Deeply moved by the sorry plight of an orphan girl, a victim of the street, after careful preparation in prayer
for discernment, Fr Tommaso Maria founded the Congregation of the Daughters of Charity of the Most
Precious Blood on 6 January, the Solemnity of Epiphany in 1873. This institute was inaugurated at the
Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, in the presence of Bishop Raffaele Ammirante, who, with the
clothing of the first three sisters with the religious habit, blessed the first orphanage for seven poor little
orphan girls of the area. It was not long before the newborn religious family and the orphanage also
received the Popes blessing, in response to their request.
Fr Tommaso Maria continued to dedicate himself to the priestly ministry, preaching spiritual retreats and
popular missions; and from his apostolic travels sprang the many foundations of houses and orphanages
that were a monument to his heroic charity, which was even more ardent in the last 20 years of his life
(1870-1891).
In addition to his commitments as founder and apostolic missionary, he was parish priest (1874-1887) at
the principal church of S. Felice e Corpo di Cristo in Pagani, extraordinary confessor to the cloistered
nuns in Pagani and Nocera and, in the last years of his life, spiritual father of the lay congregation at the
Shrine of Our Lady of Mount Carmel.
It was not long before Fr Tommaso Maria, envied for the good he achieved in his ministry and for his life
as an exemplary priest, was faced with humiliation and persecution and, in 1880, even a brother priests
slanderous calumny. However, sustained by the Lord, he lovingly carried that cross which own Pastor,
Bishop Ammirante had foretold at the time of his institutes foundation: Have you chosen the title of the
Most Precious Blood? Well, may you be prepared to drink the bitter cup.
During the harshest of trials, which he bore in silence, he would repeat: May work and suffering for God
always be your glory and in your work and suffering, may God be your consolation on this earth, and your
recompense in heaven. Patience is the safeguard and pillar of all the virtues.
Wasting away with a liver-disease, Fr Tommaso Maria died a devout death on 24 February 1891, praying
with the elderly Simeon: Lord, now let your servant depart in peace, according to your word (Lk 2, 29).
He was only 59 years old! In the notice issued by the town council of Pagani on 25 February 1891 the
Gospel witness of his life, known to one and all, was summarized in these words: Tommaso Maria Fusco,
Apostolic Missionary, Founder of the Daughters of Charity of the Most Precious Blood, an exemplary
priest of indomitable faith and ardent charity, worked tirelessly in the name of the Redeeming Blood for
the salvation of souls: in life he loved the poor and in death forgave his enemies.

His life was directed to the highest devotion of Christian virtues by the priestly life, lived intensely in
constant meditation on the mystery of the Fathers love, contemplated in the crucified Son whose Blood is
the expression, measure and pledge of divine Charity and heroic charity to the poor and needy, in whom
Fr Tommaso Maria saw the bleeding Face of Jesus.
His writings, preaching and popular missions marked his vast experience of faith and the light of Christian
hope that shone from his vocation and actions. He had a vital, burning love for God; it enflamed his words
and his apostolate, made fruitful by love for God and neighbour, by union with the crucified Jesus, by trust
in Mary, Immaculate and Sorrowful, and above all by the Eucharist.
Fr Tommaso Maria Fusco was an Apostle of Charity of the Most Precious Blood, a friend of boys and girls
and young people and attentive to every kind of poverty and human and spiritual misery.
For all these reasons he enjoyed the fame of holiness among the diocesan priests, among the people and
among his spiritual daughters who received his charism, and witness to it today in the various parts of the
world where they carry out their apostolate in communion with the Church.
The cause for the beatification of Fr Tommaso Maria Fusco was initiated in 1955 and the decree of his
heroic Christian virtues was published on 24 April 2001. The miraculous healing of Mrs Maria Battaglia on
20 August 1964 in Sciacca, Agrigento, Sicily, through the intercession of Fr Tommaso Maria Fusco was
recognized on7 July 2001.
With his beatification, Pope John Paul II presents Fr Tommaso Maria Fusco as an example and a guide to
holiness for priests, for the people of God and for his spiritual daughters, the Daughters of Charity of the
Most Precious Blood.

Missionary, martyr, and patron of St. Paul. A Christian in the city of Damascus, Ananias was commanded
by Christ in a vision to seek out Saul, the future Paul, who had staggered his way into the city following his
dramatic encounter with the Lord on the road to Damascus.
In his description of the Conversion of Saul, St. Luke discloses the existence of a Christian community in
Damascus. It is the first community of Christians outside Palestine and, on the evidence of the Acts of the
Apostles, it could even have been in existence before the community at Antioch. Only 5 or 6 years after
the Ascension of our Lord, we find a Judaeo-Christian group in Damascus, organized around a
charismatic leader called Ananias and identifying themselves by a number of different names: the
Followers of the Way, the Disciples, those who invoke the Name of the Lord, the Saints, the Brothers
Another detail revealed by the holy Hagiographer is the name of Ananias: outside Jerusalem and its
surroundings, he is the first spiritual leader of a community to be mentioned by his personal name. Who
was this character? The only thing we know about him is that he was a disciple who was merciful, of good
repute, pious and fearful of the Lord, and perhaps even a recipient of visitations and visions from God.
The lack in his biography has been filled up by legend. It is said that he was one of the 72 disciples, that
he was a native of Damascus and that the Apostles recommended him to return there. It is also said that
he preached the gospel in central Syria as well as in Damascus, and that because he was well versed in
Latin he was present when St. Paul testified before the Proconsul Felix.
It is reported that he was arrested and condemned to death by the Roman Governor, Licianus Mucianus,
and was stoned to death outside the city. Over his tomb a memorial was constructed, and later a
monastery. The monastery was frequently mentioned by Arabic writers of the mediaeval period.

The great distinction of Ananias and his Christian community was the baptizing of St. Paul, the Apostle to
the gentiles. After the conversion on the road to Damascus, which left Saul blind, Ananias cured him and
baptized him. After seeing Paul start his missionary work, Ananias went to Eleutheropolis, where he was
martyred for the faith. His house was converted into a Sanctuary and has always been a place of religious
devotion.

At the age of twenty-five, St. Porphyry of Gaza (d.420), a rich citizen of Thessalonica, left the world for
one of the great religious houses in the desert of Scet. Here he remained five years, and then, finding
himself drawn to a more solitary life, passed into Palestine, where he spent a similar period in the
severest penance, till ill health obliged him to moderate his austerities. He then made his home in
Jerusalem, and in spite of his ailments visited the Holy Places every day; thinking, says his biographer, so
little of his sickness that he seemed to be afflicted in another body, and not his own.
About this time God put it into his heart to sell all he had and give to the poor, and then in reward of the
sacrifice restored him by a miracle to perfect health. In 393 he was ordained priest and intrusted with the
care of the relics of the true cross; three years later, in spite of all the resistance his humility could make,
he was consecrated Bishop of Gaza. He was, in effect, kidnapped (with the help of a neighboring bishop,
by the way) and forcibly consecrated bishop by the members of the small Christian community there.
That city was a hotbed of paganism, and Porphyry found in it an ample scope for his apostolic zeal. His
labors and the miracles which attended them effected the conversion of many; and an imperial edict for
the destruction of the pagan temples, obtained through the influence of St. John Chrysostom, greatly
strengthened his hands. When St. Porphyry first went to Gaza, he found there one temple more splendid
than the rest, in honor of the chief god.
When the edict went forth to destroy all traces of heathen worship, St. Porphyry determined to put Satan
to special shame where he had received special honor. A Christian church was built upon the site, and its
approach was paved with the marbles of the heathen temple. Thus every worshipper of Jesus Christ trod

the relics of idolatry and superstition underfoot each time he went to assist at the holy Mass. He lived to
see his diocese for the most part clear of idolatry, and died in 420.

Born in Italy into a large family and baptized Francis, he lost his mother when he was only four years old.
He was educated by the Jesuits and, having been cured twice of serious illnesses, came to believe that
God was calling him to the religious life. Young Francis wished to join the Jesuits but was turned down,
probably because of his age, not yet 17.
Following the death of a sister to cholera, his resolve to enter religious life became even stronger and he
was accepted by the Passionists. Upon entering the novitiate he was given the name Gabriel of Our Lady
of Sorrows. Ever popular and cheerful, Gabriel quickly was successful in his effort to be faithful in little
things. His spirit of prayer, love for the poor, consideration of the feelings of others, exact observance of
the Passionist Rule as well as his bodily penancesalways subject to the will of his wise superiors
made a deep impression on everyone.
His superiors had great expectations of Gabriel as he prepared for the priesthood, but after only four
years of religious life symptoms of tuberculosis appeared. Ever obedient, he patiently bore the painful
effects of the disease and the restrictions it required, seeking no special notice. He died peacefully on
February 27, 1862, at age 24, having been an example to both young and old. Gabriel of Our Lady of
Sorrows was canonized in 1920.

To replace a man like St. Leo the Great was not easy, but the next pope was a man after Leos heart, the
archdeacon Hilarius. Hilarius was a Sardinian who had joined the Roman clergy and had been sent by St.
Leo as one of the papal legates to the council at Ephesus in 449. This council, intended to settle the
Monophysite affair, got out of hand. Packed with Monophysites and presided over by Dioscorus, the
patriarch of Alexandria, the assembly refused to listen to the protests of the papal legates. Dioscorus
steam-rollered through the council a condemnation of the orthodox and saintly Flavian, patriarch of
Constantinople, and an approval of the Monophysite leader Eutyches. In vain Hilarius protested. He had
to fly in fear for his life and hide in a chapel of St. John the Evangelist. It was only with difficulty that he got
back to Rome. No wonder St. Leo called this Ephesus council a gathering of robbers!
As pope, Hilarius worked hard to foster order in the Gallic hierarchy. When a certain Hermes illegally
made himself archbishop of Narbonne, two Gallic delegates came to Rome to appeal to Pope Hilarius. He
held a council at Rome in 462 to settle the matter. He also upheld the rights of the see of Arles to be the
primatial see of Gaul. From Spain also came appeals of a similar nature. To settle these Hilarius held a
council at Rome in 465. This is the first Council at Rome whose acts have come down to us. According to
the Liber Pontificalis he sent a letter to the East confirming the ecumenical councils of Nicaea, Ephesus,
and Chalcedon, and the famous dogmatic letter of his predecessor St. Leo to Flavian. He also publicly in
St. Peters rebuked the shadow-emperor Anthemius for allowing a favorite of his to foster heresy in Rome.

St. Hilarius deserves great credit for his work in building and decorating churches in Rome. Of especial
interest is the oratory he built near the Lateran, dedicated to St. John the Evangelist. The Pope attributed
his escape from the wild Monophysites at Ephesus to the intercession of the Beloved Disciple, and to
show his gratitude he built this beautiful oratory. Over its doors may still be seen the inscription, To his
deliverer, Blessed John the Evangelist, Bishop Hilarius, the Servant of Christ. Hilarius built two more
churches and spent freely in decorating still others. The gold and silver and marble used so lavishly by
this Pope in adorning the Roman churches indicate that the wealthy families of Rome must have saved
something from the grasping hands of Goths and Vandals.
St. Hilarius died on February 29. His feast is kept on February 28.

St. David is the patron saint of Wales and perhaps the most famous of British saints. Unfortunately, we
have little reliable information about him.
According to tradition, St. David was the son of King Sant of South Wales and St. Non. He was ordained a
priest and later studied under St. Paulinus.
It is known that he became a priest, engaged in missionary work and founded many monasteries,
including his principal abbey in southwestern Wales. Many stories and legends sprang up about David
and his Welsh monks. Their austerity was extreme. They worked in silence without the help of animals to
till the soil. Their food was limited to bread, vegetables and water.
In about the year 550, David attended a synod where his eloquence impressed his fellow monks to such a
degree that he was elected primate of the region. The episcopal see was moved to Mynyw, where he had
his monastery (now called St. Davids). He ruled his diocese until he had reached a very old age. His last
words to his monks and subjects were: Be joyful, brothers and sisters. Keep your faith, and do the little
things that you have seen and heard with me.
St. David is pictured standing on a mound with a dove on his shoulder. The legend is that once while he
was preaching a dove descended to his shoulder and the earth rose to lift him high above the people so
that he could be heard. Over 50 churches in South Wales were dedicated to him in pre-Reformation days.

St. Simplicius, a native of Tivoli, was elected to succeed St. Hilary. His election was peaceful, his
pontificate stormy. The empire in the West was dying. After the murder of Valentinian III back in 455, a
succession of nine shadow emperors held the throne. Most of these were tools of barbarian generals, and
finally in the time of Pope Simplicius in 476 the Heruli chieftain Odovakar deposed the last of these little
monarchs and informed Emperor Zeno at Constantinople that he would rule the West for him. By this
time, anyway, the imperial government had ceased to exercise much influence in the West. Visigoths ruled
Spain, Franks and other tribes dominated Gaul, Vandals controlled Africa, and Britain had long been
abandoned to Picts and Scots, Angles and Saxons.
The Pope was not much troubled by the change. Odovakar, though an Arian, treated the Church well. But
Simplicius was very much troubled by affairs in the East.
In 475 a usurper named Basiliscus drove Emperor Zeno from the throne. Basiliscus favored the
Monophysites, and now these heretics enjoyed a very resurrection. Timothy the Cat, that old Monophysite
who had been deposed from the see of Alexandria by Emperor Marcion, now returned in triumph. Peter
the Fuller took over Antioch. The usurper Basiliscus issued an imperial decree known as the Encyclion
which ordered the dogmatic letter of St. Leo to Flavian and the acts of the Council of Chalcedon to be
burned. It looked as if the whole East trembled on the brink of heresy as five hundred bishops actually
subscribed to this audacious bit of imperial dogmatizing. Acacius the patriarch of Constantinople, still held
firm, and to his rescue came Pope Simplicius. He strongly encouraged the monks and clergy of
Constantinople to resist the usurpers tyranny. But though Constantinople held firm, Antioch and
Alexandria were in heretic hands. When Timothy the Cat died, he was succeeded by his friend the equally
ardent Monophysite, Peter the Hoarse.

Just when things looked worst, Emperor Zeno made a comeback and regained the throne. Out went the
intruded Monophysite bishops. Back came the Catholics. Pope Simplicius could feel that he had helped
the East survive a fierce tempest. The time of peace, however, was very short. When the Catholic
patriarch of Alexandria died, the Catholics elected John Talaia to succeed him. The Monophysites once
more elected Peter the Hoarse. Now the Emperor Zeno and Patriarch Acacius began to favor the
Monophysite, Peter. Strange this! But politics were at work. Zeno, alarmed at the strength of the
Monophysites, was thinking of a way to pacify them, and Acacius was hand in glove with the Emperor. In
spite of the Popes protests, Peter the Hoarse was recognized as true patriarch of Alexandria. Then Peter
went to Constantinople, where he joined Zeno and Acacius to cook up a compromise known as the
Henoticon. This was in 482 while Simplicius still lived; but he died before the storm reached its peak.
St. Simplicius built four churches in Rome. He died in 483. His feast is kept on March 2.

St. Katharine Drexel was born in Philadelphia in 1858. She had an excellent education and traveled
widely. As a rich girl, she had a grand debut into society. But when she nursed her stepmother through a
three-year terminal illness, she saw that all the Drexel money could not buy safety from pain or death, and
her life took a profound turn.
She had always been interested in the plight of the Indians, having been appalled by reading Helen Hunt
Jacksons A Century of Dishonor. While on a European tour, she met Pope Leo XIII and asked him to
send more missionaries to Wyoming for her friend Bishop James OConnor. The pope replied, Why dont
you become a missionary? His answer shocked her into considering new possibilities.
Back home, she visited the Dakotas, met the Sioux leader Red Cloud and began her systematic aid to
Indian missions. She could easily have married. But after much discussion with Bishop OConnor, she
wrote in 1889, The feast of St. Joseph brought me the grace to give the remainder of my life to the
Indians and the Colored. Newspaper headlines screamed Gives Up Seven Million!After three and a half
years of training, she and her first band of nuns (Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament for Indians and
Colored) opened a boarding school in Santa Fe. A string of foundations followed.
By 1942 she had a system of black Catholic schools in 13 states, plus 40 mission centers and 23 rural
schools. Segregationists harassed her work, even burning a school in Pennsylvania. In all, she
established 50 missions for Native Americans in 16 states. Two saints met when she was advised by
Mother Cabrini about the politics of getting her Orders Rule approved in Rome. Her crowning
achievement was the founding of Xavier University in New Orleans, the first Catholic university in the
United States for African Americans.

At 77, she suffered a heart attack and was forced to retire. Apparently her life was over. But now came
almost 20 years of quiet, intense prayer from a small room overlooking the sanctuary. Small notebooks
and slips of paper record her various prayers, ceaseless aspirations and meditation. She died at 96 and
was canonized in 2000.

St. Casimir was a prince of Poland and born in the royal palace at Cracow, 3 October 1458. He was the
grandson of Wladislaus II Jagiello, King of Poland, who introduced Christianity into Lithuania, and the
second son of King Casimir IV and Queen Elizabeth, an Austrian princess, the daughter of Albert II,
Emperor of Germany and King of Bohemia and Hungary. Casimirs uncle, Wladislaus III, King of Poland
and Hungary, perished at Varna in 1444, defending Christianity against the Turks. Casimirs elder brother,
Wladislaus, became King of Bohemia in 1471, and King of Hungary in 1490.
Of his four younger brothers, John I, Albert, Alexander, and Sigismund in turn occupied the Polish throne,
while Frederick, the youngest, became Archbishop of Gnesen, Bishop of Cracow, and finally cardinal, in
1493. The early training of the young princes was entrusted to Father Dlugosz, the Polish historian, a
canon at Cracow, and later Archbishop of Lww (Lemberg), and to Filippo Buonaccorsi, called
Callimachus. Father Dlugosz was a deeply religious man, a loyal patriot, and like Callimachus, well versed
in statecraft. Casimir was placed in the care of this scholar at the age nine, and even then he was
remarkable for his ardent piety. When Casimir was 13 he was offered the throne of Hungary by a
Hungarian faction who were discontented under King Matthias Corvinus.
Eager to defend the Cross against the Turks, he accepted the call and went to Hungary to receive the
crown. He was unsuccessful, however, and returned a fugitive to Poland. The young prince again became
a pupil of Father Dlugosz, under whom he remained until 1475. He was later associated with his father
who initiated him so well into public affairs that after his elder brother, Wladislaus, ascended to the
Bohemian throne, Casimir became heir-apparent to the throne of Poland.

When in 1479 the king went to Lithuania to spend 5 years arranging affairs there, Casimir was placed in
charge of Poland, and from 1481 to 1483 administered the State with great prudence and justice. About
this time his father tried to arrange for him a marriage with the daughter of Frederick III, Emperor of
Germany, but Casimir preferred to remain single. Shortly afterwards he fell victim to a severe attack of
lung trouble, which, weak as he was from fastings and mortifications, he could not withstand. While on a
journey to Lithuania, he died at the court of Grodno, 4 March 1484. His remains were interred in the
chapel of the Blessed Virgin in the cathedral of Vilna.
St. Casimir was possessed of great charms of person and character, and was noted particularly for his
justice and chastity. Often at night he would kneel for hours before the locked doors of churches,
regardless of the hour or the inclemency of the weather. He had a special devotion to the Blessed Virgin,
and the hymn of St. Bernard of Clairvaux, Omni die dic Marix mea laudes anima, was long attributed to
him.
After his death he was venerated as a saint, because of the miracles wrought by him. Sigismund I, King of
Poland, petitioned the pope for Casimirs canonization, and Pope Leo X appointed the papal legate
Zaccaria Ferreri, Bishop of Guardalfiera, the Archbishop of Gnesen, and the Bishop of Przemysl to
investigate the life and miracles of Casimir.
This inquiry was completed at Turn in 1520, and in 1522 Casimir was canonized by Adrian VI. Pope
Clement VIII named 4 March as his feast. St. Casimir is the patron of Poland and Lithuania, though he is
honored as far as Belgiumand Naples. In Poland and Lithuania churches and chapels are dedicated to
him, as at Rozana and on the River Dzwina near Potocka, where he is said to have contributed
miraculously to a victory of the Polish army over the Russians.
In the beginning of the 17th century King Sigismund III began at Vilna the erection of a chapel in honor of
St. Casimir, which was finished under King Wladislaus IV. The building was designed by Peter Danckerts,
of the Netherlands, who also adorned the walls with paintings illustrating the life of the saint. In this chapel
is found an old painting renovated in 1594, representing the saint with a lily in his hand. Two other pictures
of the saint are preserved, one in his life by Ferreri, and the other in the church at Krosno in Galicia.

05 March

St. Colette (1381-1447) was the daughter of a carpenter named DeBoilet at Corby Abbey in Picardy,
France. Orphaned at seventeen, she distributed her inheritance to the poor. She became a Franciscan
tertiary, and lived at Corby as a solitary.
She had visions in which Saint Francis of Assisi ordered her to restore the Rule of Saint Clare to its
original severity. When she hesitated, she was struck blind for three days and mute for three more; she
saw this as a sign to take action.
Colette tried to follow her mission by explaining it, but had no success. Realizing she needed more
authority behind her words, she walked to Nice, France, barefoot and clothed in a habit of patches, to
meet Peter de Luna, acknowledged by the French as the schismatic Pope Benedict XIII. He professed her
a Poor Clare, and was so impressed that he made her superioress of all convents of Minoresses that she
might reform or found, and a missioner to Franciscan friars and tertiaries.
She travelled from convent to convent, meeting opposition, abuse, slander, and was even accused of
sorcery. Eventually she made some progress, especially in Savoy, where her reform gained sympathizers
and recruits. This reform passed to Burgundy in France, Flanders in Belgium and Spain.
Colette helped Saint Vincent Ferrer heal the papal schism. She founded seventeen convents; one branch
of the Poor Clares is still known as the Colettines.

She was known for a deep devotion to Christs Passion with an appreciation and care for animals. Colette
fasted every Friday, meditating on the Passion. After receiving Holy Communion, she would fall into
ecstasies for hours. She foretold the date of her own death.
For the convents reformed by her she prescribed extreme poverty, to go barefooted, and the observance
of perpetual fast and abstinence. The Colettine Sisters are found today, outside of France, in Belgium,
Germany, Spain, England, and the United States. St. Colette was beatified 23 January, 1740, and
canonized 24 May, 1807.

In the year 203, St. Perpetua made the decision to become a Christian, although she knew it could mean
her death during Septimus persecution. Her brother followed her leadership and became a catechumen
as well.
Her father was frantic with worry and tried to talk her out of her decision. We can easily understand his
concern. At 22 years old, this well-educated, high-spirited woman had every reason to want to live
including a baby son who was still nursing. We know she was married, but since her husband is never
mentioned, many historians assume she was a widow. Perpetuas answer was simple and clear. Pointing
to a water jug, she asked her father, See that pot lying there? Can you call it by any other name than
what it is? Her father answered, Of course not. Perpetua responded, Neither can I call myself by any
other name than what I am a Christian.
This answer so upset her father that he attacked her. Perpetua reports that after that incident she was
glad to be separated from him for a few days even though that separation was the result of her arrest
and imprisonment. Perpetua was arrested with four other catechumens including two slaves Felicity and
Revocatus, and Saturninus and Secundulus. Their catechist, Saturus, had already been imprisoned
before them.

She was baptized before taken to prison. Perpetua was known for her gift of the Lords speech and
receiving messages from God. She tells us that at the time of her baptism she was told to pray for nothing
but endurance in the face of her trials. The prison was so crowded with people that the heat was
suffocating. There was no light anywhere and Perpetua had never known such darkness. The soldiers
who arrested and guarded them pushed and shoved them without any concern. Perpetua had no trouble
admitting she was very afraid, but in the midst of all this horror her most excruciating pain came from
being separated from her baby.
The young slave, Felicity was even worse off for Felicity suffered the stifling heat, overcrowding, and
rough handling while being eight months pregnant.
Two deacons who ministered to the prisoners paid the guards so that the martyrs would be put in a better
part of the prison. There her mother and brother were able to visit Perpetua and bring her baby to her.
When she received permission for her baby to stay with her my prison suddenly became a palace for
me. Once more her father came to her, begging her to give in, kissing her hands, and throwing himself at
her feet. She told him, We lie not in our own power but in the power of God.
When she and the others were taken to be examined and sentenced, her father followed, pleading with
her and the judge. The judge, out of pity, also tried to get Perpetua to change her mind, but when she
stood fast, she was sentenced with the others to be thrown to the wild beasts in the arena. Her father was
so furious that he refused to send her baby back to Perpetua. Perpetua considered it a miracle that her
breasts did not become inflamed from lack of nursing.
While praying in prison, she suddenly felt gifted with the Lords speech and called out the name of her
brother Dinocrates who had died at seven of gangrene of the face, a disease so disfiguring that those who
should have comforted him left him alone. Now she saw a vision that he was even more alone, in a dark
place, hot and thirsty not in the eternal joy she hoped for him. She began to pray for Dinocrates and
though she was put in stocks every day, her thoughts were not on her own suffering but on her prayers to
help her brother. Finally she had another vision in which she saw Dinocrates healed and clean, drinking
from a golden bowl that never emptied.
Meanwhile Felicity was also in torment. It was against the law for pregnant women to be executed. To kill
a child in the womb was shedding innocent and sacred blood. Felicity was afraid that she would not give
birth before the day set for their martyrdom and her companions would go on their journey without her.
Her friends also didnt want to leave so good a comrade behind.

Two days before the execution, Felicity went into a painful labor. The guards made fun of her, insulting her
by saying, If you think you suffer now, how will stand it when you face the wild beasts? Felicity answered
them calmly, Now Im the one who is suffering, but in the arena Another will be in me suffering for me
because I will be suffering for him. She gave birth to a healthy girl who was adopted and raised by one of
the Christian women of Carthage.
The officers of the prison began to recognize the power of the Christians and the strength and leadership
of Perpetua. In some cases this helped the Christians: the warden let them have visitors and later
became a believer. But in other cases it caused superstitious terror, as when one officer refused to let
them get cleaned up on the day they were going to die for fear theyd try some sort of spell. Perpetua
immediately spoke up, Were supposed to die in honor of Ceasars birthday. Wouldnt it look better for you
if we looked better? The officer blushed with shame at her reproach and started to treat them better.
There was a feast the day before the games so that the crowd could see the martyrs and make fun of
them. But the martyrs turned this all around by laughing at the crowd for not being Christians and
exhorting them to follow their example.
The four new Christians and their teacher went to the arena (the fifth, Secundulus, had died in prison) with
joy and calm. Perpetua in usual high spirits met the eyes of everyone along the way. We are told she
walked with shining steps as the true wife of Christ, the darling of God.
When those at the arena tried to force Perpetua and the rest to dress in robes dedicated to their gods,
Perpetua challenged her executioners. We came to die out of our own free will so we wouldnt lose our
freedom to worship our God. We gave you our lives so that we wouldnt have to worship your gods. She
and the others were allowed to keep their clothes.
The men were attacked by bears, leopards, and wild boars. The women were stripped to face a rabid
heifer. When the crowd, however, saw the two young women, one of whom had obviously just given birth,
they were horrified and the women were removed and clothed again. Perpetua and Felicity were thrown
back into the arena so roughly that they were bruised and hurt. Perpetua, though confused and distracted,
still was thinking of others and went to help Felicity up. The two of them stood side by side as all five
martyrs had their throats cut.
Perpetuas last words were to her brother: Stand fast in the faith and love one another.

St. John of God (1495-1550) having given up active Christian belief while a soldier, was 40 before the
depth of his sinfulness began to dawn on him. He decided to give the rest of his life to Gods service, and
headed at once for Africa, where he hoped to free captive Christians and, possibly, be martyred.
He was soon advised that his desire for martyrdom was not spiritually well based, and returned to Spain
and the relatively prosaic activity of a religious goods store. Yet he was still not settled. Moved initially by a
sermon of Blessed John of Avila, he one day engaged in a public beating of himself, begging mercy and
wildly repenting for his past life. Committed to a mental hospital for these actions, John was visited by
Blessed John, who advised him to be more actively involved in tending to the needs of others rather than
in enduring personal hardships. John gained peace of heart, and shortly after left the hospital to begin
work among the poor.

He established a house where he wisely tended to the needs of the sick poor, at first doing his own
begging. But excited by the saints great work and inspired by his devotion, many people began to back
him up with money and provisions. Among them were the archbishop and marquis of Tarifa.
Behind Johns outward acts of total concern and love for Christs sick poor was a deep interior prayer life
which was reflected in his spirit of humility. These qualities attracted helpers who, 20 years after Johns
death, formed the Brothers Hospitallers, now a worldwide religious order. One mark of honor to his labors
is that this order has been officially entrusted with the medical care of the Popes.
John became ill after 10 years of service but tried to disguise his ill health. He began to put the hospitals
administrative work into order and appointed a leader for his helpers. He died on March 8, 1550, his 55th
birthday. He was canonized by Pope Alexander VIII on October 16, 1690, and later named the patron
saint of hospitals, the sick, nurses, firefighters, alcoholics, and booksellers. St. Johns feast day is
commemorated on March 8.

St. Frances of Rome was an Italian noblewoman from the fifteenth century. Frances surprised her wealthy
parents when she asked to join the convent at age eleven. Having previously arranged for Frances to
marry a wealthy land owner, instead she found herself married two years later at age thirteen. She
remained devotedly married for the next forty years.
The early fifteenth century found the city of Rome to be less than the eternal city we know today. Rome
suffered from internal warfare, natural catastrophe and disease. It was during these difficult periods that
Frances and her sister-in-law,Vannozza, reached out to assist many of those affected by disease and the
warring strife. Disasters did not escape Frances. Her home was pillaged by Ladislaus of Naples in 1409
and her husband, Lorenzo dei Ponziani, was forced into exile. Historically, these were not uncommon
occurrences, however these were, none the less, difficult situations to endure. Upon his return home in
1414, Lorenzo found himself a broken man, yet fortunate to have Frances care for him.

Frances of Rome found fame for her acts of charity and she attracted other women who shared her ideals
of self-denial and good works. On August 15, 1425 she founded the Benedictine Oblates of Monte
Oliveto. At this time Frances shared her time between family and community. In 1433 Pope Eugenius IV
approved the communitys Constitution and in 1436, finding herself widowed, Frances officially entered
her own community.
Frances of Rome died on March 9, 1440 at the age of fifty-six. She had lived an honorable and good life,
especially through her continued acts of charity and love for her townspeople. Though early on she had
lost two of her three children, seen her husband lose his pride and dignity and lost all of her personal
possessions, Frances never swayed from contributing to the aid of others. Ultimately, Frances was
canonized on May 29, 1608. Today her tomb can be viewed at Santa Francesca Romana and her
congregation still flourishes through their educational work.