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Solution Marks Remarks

y 2 − y1
1. (a) Slope = 1M
x 2 − x1
0.62 − 0
=
0.40 − 0
= 1.55 1A Accept 1.50 – 1.60
The slope denotes the refractive index of the glass. 1A
3

(b) Total internal reflection does not occur when

light travels from an optically less dense medium 1M+1A
(air) to a denser medium (glass).
So Philip is incorrect.

Alternative Solution (1)

When α = 50° ,
1(sin 50°) = 1.55 sin β
β = 29.6° (OR β < 50° )
The ray enters the glass block and total internal 1M+1A
reflection does not occur.
So Philip is incorrect.

Alternative Solution (2)

When α = 50° ，
the ray will bend towards the normal when
entering the glass block. (OR β < 50° ). 1M+1A
Total internal reflection does not occur.
So Philip is incorrect.

2. When the trigger is pulled, the compressed air inside

the rocket exerts a force (action) on the water and
forces the water out. 1A
By the principle of conservation of momentum, 1A Correct spelling
the rocket acquires an upward momentum and rises. 1A

OR
By Newton’s third law of motion, 1A Correct spelling
the water in turn exerts a reaction on the rocket and 1A
lifts the rocket up.
1C For effective
communication
4

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

3. (a)
P/kPa 100 150 200 250 300
l/m 0.49 0.34 0.25 0.20 0.17
1 −1
/m 2.04 2.94 4.00 5.00 5.88
l

Marketing criteria:
1
Correct labelled axes with units 1A vs P – no marks for axes
l
and line
An appropriate scale 1A Withhold 1 mark for not
using graph paper
Correct points (at least 4 points) 1A
A straight line through the points 1M

Conclusion:
The pressure of a fixed mass of gas is inversely 1A
proportional to its volume at a constant
temperature
5

(b) *Press the foot pump gently. 1A

*Do not take reading’s immediately after the
foot pump is pressed./ After pressing the foot
pump, wait for a while before taking the reading
(to ensure that the temperature becomes steady).
*In reading the values of l , the eye should be at
the same level of the surface of the oil.
*Tap the Bourdon gauge before taking a reading.
1

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

3. (a)

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

4. (a) Wavelength of radio waves used by R1

v
= 1M
f
3 × 10 8
=
1000 × 10 3
= 300 m 1A
2

(b) The reception of channel R1 would be better. 1A

Since the wavelength of the waves used by R1 is
longer than that used by R2 (OR the frequency of 1M: considering diffraction
waves used by R1 is lower than that used by R2), 1M+1A 1A: diffraction becoming
the diffraction of the radio waves used by R1 is more significant as λ
more significant than that by R2 (OR the waves increases
used by R1 are diffracted more significantly by
the hills).
3

5. (a) Average speed of the waves between P and Q

s
=
t
20
=
4
= 5 ms-1

(b)

1M+1A 1M： λ LHS of Q > λ RHS of Q

1A if all correct

(c) The wave phenomenon is called refraction. 1A Correct spelling

1

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

6. (a) G is an AND gate. 1A Correct spelling

1

(b) Both inputs A and B are high when the

temperature is higher than a pre-set temperature
(OR the resistance of X is lower than a pre-set
value) and switch S is closed. 2A Awarded 1A if either one
was correct.
2

(c) Increase the resistance of the variable resistor Y. 1A+1A 1A for choosing Y
2

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

7. (a) 100 km h-1

1000 -1
= 100 × ms 1A
3600
= 27.78
≈ 27.8 ms-1
1

(b) Total K.E. of John and his car

1
= mv 2
2
1
= × 1400 × (27.78) 2
2
= 540210 (OR 540123, 540988)
≈ 540 kJ (OR 541 kJ) 1A

Average output power of the car

Energy
= 1M
Time
540210
=
9 .3
= 58087 (OR 58078, 58171)
≈ 58.1 kW (OR 58.2 kW) 1A
3

(c) (i) As the car is accelerating up an inclined road,

the potential energy of the car is increasing
(OR both the kinetic and potential energies
of the car are increasing). 1M+1A 1M for considering P.E.
As the power of the car remains unchanged,
it takes a longer time for the car to accelerate
up an inclined road.

Alternative solution
When the car is travelling up an inclined
road, a component of its weight acts along 1M for considering
the road. The net accelerating force is component of the weight
reduced (OR the component opposes the 1M+1A of the car along the
motion of the car, OR the acceleration of the inclined road
car is reduced). So it takes a longer time for
the car to accelerate up an inclined road.

(ii) Let h be the increase in height of the car.

Increase in P.E. + increase in K.E.
= Power × time 1M
1
mgh + mv 2 = Pt
2

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

1400 × 10 × h + 540210 = 58087 × 16.2 1M For substitution

h ≈ 28.6 m (OR 28.7 m)

Alternative solution
Extra energy is used to increase the P.E. of
the car
Increase in P.E. = Power x time difference 1M
mgh = Pt
1400 × 10 × h = 58087 × (16.2 − 9.3) 1M For substitution
h ≈ 28.6 m (OR 28.7 m) 1A

(d) (i) Kinetic energy of the car (OR mechanical

energy) is converted to 1A for K.E.→ OR
internal energy (OR is used to do work 1A+1A →Internal energy
against the friction between the tyres and 1A if all correct
the road surface).
2

(ii) Marking guideline:

lM – for transformation between kmh-1
and ms-1
lM + lA – for the computation process
lA – for the numerical answer (v, s,
energy etc.) and the conclusion

K.E. of the car

= frictional force × length of skid mark 1M
1
× 1400(v 2 ) = 11200 × 30.5 1A
2
v = 22.09 ms-1
3600 100
= 22.09 × km h-1 (OR = 22.09 × ) 1M
1000 27.8
≈ 79.5 km h-1 > 70 km h-1
So John was not telling the truth. 1A

Alternative solution (1)

Internal energy dissipated
= 11200 × 30.5 1A
= 341.6 kJ
K.E. of the car when traveling at 70kmh-1
70 × 1000
(i.e. = 19.44 ms-1), 1M
3600
1
= × 1400 × (19.44) 2 1M
2
2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

≈ 265 kJ <341.6kJ
The length of skid mark should be smaller
than 30.5m。 1A
So John was not telling the truth.

Alternative solution (2)

Suppose the car is traveling at 70km-1，
70 × 1000
i.e. = 19.44ms −1 。 1M
3600
K.E. of the car = frictional force × length of 1M
skid mark
1
× 1400 × (19.44) 2 = 11200( s ) 1A
2
s ≈ 23.6 m (OR 23.7) <30.5m
So John was not telling the truth. 1A

Alterative Solution (3)

Suppose the car is traveling at 70km-1,
70 × 1000
i.e. = 19.44ms −1 。 1M
3600
11200
Deceleration of the car = 1A
1400
= 8
By v 2 = u 2 + 2as , 1M
0 = (19.44) 2 + 2(−8) s
s ≈ 23.6 m (OR 23.7) <30.5m
So John was not telling the truth. 1A

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

8. (a) Marking guideline

lA – for measuring initial and final temperatures
lA – for recording the time of heating
lA – for using the apparatus properly
1A – for the equation
lC – for effective communication

Put the thermometer into the water to measure its

initial temperature θ 1 .
Put the beaker of water into the oven and turn on
the oven. Use the stop watch to record the time
of heating t.
(OR Set the time of heating using the timer on 1A+1A
the oven.) +1A
Take out the beaker of water from the oven.
Put the thermometer into the water to measure its
final Temperature θ 2 .
0.2 × shc of water × (θ 2 − θ 1 )
Output power = 1A
t
1C For effective
communication

(b) *Some energy is absorbed by the beaker.

*There is energy lost to the surroundings during
the heating process.
*The energy emitted by the microwaves is not
completely absorbed by the water.
1

(c) 1. The energy absorbed by the new container is

smaller than that of the beaker. The measure
would improve the accuracy of the
experiment. 2A+1A
2. The percentage energy lost (e.g. that
absorbed by the container) would be smaller
if a larger quantity of water is used. The
measure would improve the accuracy of the
experiment.
3

(d) (i) (1) Energy required = mc∆θ 1M

= 0.2 × 1700 × 20
= 6800 J 1A

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

(2) Energy required = ml 1M

= 0.2 × 0.7 × 3.34 × 10 5
= 46760 J ( ≈ 46.8 kJ ) 1A
4
(ii)

1A+1A 1A for AB, 1A for BC

withhold 1A if axes were
no labelled

241
9. (a) (i) 95 Am→ 237 4
93 Np + 2 α 1A+1A 1A: Am → Np + α
OR 237 93 Np
1A if all correct
(ii) Number of neutrons
= 237 – 93
= 144 1A
3

(b) (i) The α -particle emitted by the source will 1A

ionize the air molecules to produce ions 1A
(OR positive ions and free electrons).
The ions are attracted to the electrode with 1A
An opposite charge.
OR The flow of ions completes the circuit.
A current flows between the electrodes.
1C For effective
communication
4

(ii) The smoke particles block the movement of 1A

the charged particles. (OR The smoke
particles increase the resistance of the
charged particles in moving between the
electrodes.)
OR When smoke particles enter the detector, 1A
some ions are attached to them and
neutralized.
As a result, fewer ions reach the electrodes, 1A
So the current drops.
2

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

(c) *The activity of the radioactive source decreases 2A

very slowly (OR will remain stable for a longer
period of time).
*The detector can be used for a longer period of
time. (OR The source inside the detector needs
not be replaced frequently.)
2

(d) As β particles have a weak ionizing power, the 1A

current flowing between the electrodes will be
extremely small (OR almost zero). 1A
So Carbon-14 is not suitable.
2

(e) *The radiation dose from the smoke detector is 2A

very small.
*The radiation from the smoke detector is less
than the normal background radiation.
*The source used in the smoke detector is a very
weak source.

* α particles have a short range in air. 1A

* α particles have a weak penetrating power.
* α particles will be absorbed / blocked by the
casing of the detector.

So using the detector will not pose any health

Hazard.
2

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

10. (a) (i) Power consumed by the motor

= IV 1M
= 1.8 x 1.2
= 2.16 W 1A
2

(ii) Energy consumed by the motor in 3 minutes

= P 1Mt
= 2.16 x 3 x 60
= 388.8 J ( ≈ 389 J) 1A
2

(b) Energy drawn from the mains supply in 16 hours

= Pt
= 3 x 16 x 60 x 60 1M Including P = 3 and t = 16
= 172 800 J ( ≈ 173 kJ) 1A
2

(c) (i) When the charging unit is connected to the

main supply, an alternating current flows 1A
through coil Y.
A changing magnetic field is set up in coil Y 1A
and hence in coil X.
An induced e.m.f. (OR induced current) is 1A
set up in coil X to recharge the cell.
1C For effective
communication
4

Vp Np
(ii) By = , 1M
Vs Ns
220 11000
=
3 n
n = 150
∴coil X has 150 turns。 1A
2

(iii) *The soft-iron bar increases the strength of 1A

the magnetic field in the coils.
*The soft-iron bar increases the induced
e.m.f. (OR induced current) formed in coil X.
*The soft-iron bar increases the efficiency of
recharging the cell.
1

(d) (i) The pins should be connected to the live (L)

and neutral (N) wires. 1A
1

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

(ii) *The charging unit has a completely 1A

insulated plastic cover.
*The charging unit is doubled-insulated.
1

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

11. (a) The lens is a convex (OR converging) lens 1A

because
*images that can be projected onto a screen must 1A
be real.
*the image can be captured by a screen.
*images formed by concave lenses are always
virtual/cannot be captured by a screen.
*only convex lens can form a real image/a
magnified image.
*the image is formed on the other side of the lens.
2

(b) (i)

1A For position of
lens

1M+1M 1M for each

refracted ray
(Withhold 1 mark for
dotted lines or with
wrong/no directions)
1A Image
(No mark for using
dotted line or ↑)

Height of image v
(ii) Magnification = (OR = ) 1M
Height of object u
100
=
25
= 4 1A Accept 3.20-4.50
2

(iii) (l) The projector should be moved 1A

away from the screen (OR the image
distance should be increased).
The lens-to-slide distance (OR the 1A
object distance) should be reduced
for re-focusing the image onto the
screen.
2

2004-CE-PHY I
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Solution Marks Remarks

(2) Since the focal length is larger than 1A

the object distance (41-55mm), the
image will be virtual/cannot be
captured by the screen. 1A
So Karen’s proposal does not work.
2

(c) Karen is correct, i.e. the lens should be moved up. 1A

2A 1A: for positions of O and I

Alternative solution

2A 1A: for positions of O and I

2004-CE-PHY I
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