Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
A smart City X is replaceable by any future city or old and legacy city, from Adelaide to Peking to Limassol to Moscow to London to
Washington, but largely following to the same conception and definition.
There are many definitions of smart cities, from the infusion of ICT into urban systems to intelligent design and technological optimization
to reach full sustainability.
Specifically, a smart city is defined as one in which technology is integrated into a strategic approach to sustainability, citizen well-being,
and economic development. In essence, smart cities are a phenomenon created from the convergence of the challenges of modern
urbanization and the emergence of new technologies that can address them in a comprehensive way.
The smart city market is to be made up of five main industry sectors: smart energy (and the smart grid), smart transportation, smart water,
smart buildings, and smart government (including social services such as health, education, and security) (Navigant Research).
Demographic, environmental, economic, political and socio-cultural factors are forcing the urban world to become more efficient and
effective.
A real or true smart city is a unified urban entity with three critical layers/levels/spaces, all planned, developed and managed as its
integral parts:
Digital/ICT/Hi-Tech/Ubiquitous/Cyber/Mobile/Digitally Smart and Intelligent City (Digital/Information Capital; Digital Urban Spaces,
Multi-Play Telecom Network, ICT spaces/systems/applications, Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous Computation, Cloud Computing, Networkintegrated Real Estate, City OS, Intelligent City Management Platform, Augmented Virtual Reality, Virtual Lifestyle);
Sustainable/Ecological/Green/Zero-Carbon/Zero-Waste/Eco Friendly/Clean City (Natural Capital; Natural Urban Spaces and
Ecosystems, Green Energy Network, Real Eco Estate, Ecological buildings, Green Lifestyle);
Knowledge/Learning/Innovation/Intelligent/Science/Intellectual/LivingLab/Creative/Human/Social
/Inclusive City/Noopolis (Knowledge Capital; Innovation Systems, Meaningful Urban Spaces, Collective Intelligence, Knowledge
Triangle/Ecology, Health Triangle, Human Social City, Intelligent/Smart Lifestyle).
A truly smart city is three innovative cities in one, the Urban Trinity of Information Cyber City, Intelligent/Knowledge City and
Ecological/Clean city. It is essential to draw distinctions between a smart city, as a unified urban entity, and smart city technologies,
applications, and systems, as well as fragmented smart city projects, lacking the overall conception of the smart city project and
resulting in unsustainably over-costly ventures.
http://eu-smartcities.eu/blog/what-not-smart-city
The Global Report on Human Settlements (Planning Sustainable Cities) argues that future urban planning must take place in
the context of the factors shaping 21st-century cities: environmental challenges; demographic challenges; economic
challenges; socio-spatial challenges and inequalities; political challenges of decision-making as well as of social and economic
rights among ordinary citizens.
The Report states: In many parts of the world, there still persist either conventional forms of urban planning, as in the
developing cities, or market-led urban development in the developed world, having serious and negative environmental and
social impacts.
Specifically, unrealistic urban planning regulations can force the poor to violate laws in order to survive, with more than 1
billion slum dwellers worldwide, just to double over the next generation, like the whole urban population.
The Smart City X Planning approach postulates that there must be a universal one size fits all model to sustainable
settlements fundamentally resolving critical urban issues (land use and environment, transportation and mobility, water,
waste, energy, environmental degradation, and social issues as poverty and social exclusion and displacement) regardless of
that each city is marked by its specific political systems, cultural settings, economic structures and ecological climates in which
it continually and historically evolves.
http://eu-smartcities.eu/blog/eu-urban-agenda-sustainable-cities-pilot-case-smart-limassol
The full concept of Smart City entails that there is a single model and universal approach to sustainable urban planning (in
large legacy cities > 0,5 m, new megacities > 10 m and hypercities > 20 m, as well as in medium-sized settlements, 0,1-0,5 m
and small urban places ,< 0,1m) that can solve fundamental urban problems and emerging urban challenges of the 21 st
century. http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/smartworl-dabr
In sum, any sustainable city or intelligent community is to offer not only new or improved methods of urban development,
management and maintenance, but a comprehensive, holistic approach, embracing all city systems, processes, and service in
an integrated smart city urban planning, all to be run by intelligent management governance systems, the brains of the
Urban Internet of Everything. http://www.cs.ucy.ac.cy/CIT2011/files/SMARTWORLD.pdf
Applying an integrated urban planning (creating and following new regulations and standards for land use and zoning, ecology,
transportation, roads and streets, housing, sanitation, water supply, sewage, public spaces, public health conditions,
education, security and other social services)
Performing comprehensive urban renewal for a whole urban environment and living (rebuilding, land reuse, building,
rehabilitation, area conservation, relocation , or housing reform)
Taking into account the Urban context:
Population, density, area, climate, ecology and geography, economy, existing urban planning.)
Natural Resources demand (energy, water, food, land): eg, energy consumption per sector, CO2 emissions per sector, etc.
Natural Resources supply and infrastructure: eg, energy mix (share of renewables, fuel, nuclear), approx. energy price,
energy company, energy infrastructure (district heating, share of distributed generation)
Building stock: % residential sector, commercial sector, facilities, services, industry, number of units
Transport: modal split, multimodality, public transport characteristics, footing, cycling
Regional and national context: national conditions and incentives for sustainable development in your country (national
programmes, rules, incentives, tax regulations, implementation of standard directives)
City competences and resources: competences and resources under local governments in your country (compared to
regional, national governments) related to sustainable city policies; city budget dedicated to sustainable development policies.
Covering the systemic approach of the City Protocol , a new open, global, and progressive working framework for cities
worldwide to assess and improve performance in environmental sustainability, economic competitiveness, quality of life, and
city services, by innovating and demonstrating new leadership models, new ways of engaging society, and by leveraging
new ICT The city should be adaptive, learning, evolving, robust, autonomous, self-repairing, and self-reproducing.
http://www.cityprotocol.org.
SMART MEGATRENDS:
SMART CITY GLOBAL COMPETITION
The question of who is to lead the future cities market is getting a global meaning as far as global competitors are actively pursuing large Smart City
programs as part of smart revolutions: http:// www.slideshare.net/ashabook/smart-revolution
In its Five-Year National Planning, Chinas future smart cities are to become a main driver of its urbanization process, with 2 trillion yuan ($322 billion)
to be allocated to more than 600 cities nationwide.
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/smart-china
Chinas going for the business as usual approach consisting in requesting the fragmented services from the increasing army of urban planners and
architects, operators and exporters of smart city technologies, products and services, which SMART City X should avoid: Following the India Vision
2020, the nation is embarking on an ambitious $90 billion two-phase industrial program to build new industrial cities as smart, sustainable cities of the
future, along a territorial corridor, spanning six states, connecting two capitals, Delhi and Mumbai, and affecting 14% of Indias population.
Conceptualized with the Government of Japan, the DMIC program master plan is mostly focusing on deploying next generation tec hnologies and
road/rail/air connectivity and infrastructure linkages, with 24 economic nodes, investment regions and industrial areas. The goal is to expand
national manufacturing and services base, becoming a "Global Manufacturing and Trading Hub, minimizing green growth and social development
programs.
The Japanese Government created a FutureCity with a goal to construct sustainable cities with superior environmental technologies, core
infrastructure and resilience all over the worldto advance the Future City model of urban planning with state-of-the-art environmental sustainability,
strong disaster resilience and superb livability. http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/smart-japan
The European Union has embarked on a long-term strategy for a smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. There are more than 100 000 cities, towns
and communities in EU, with a fierce competition for resources, local, regional and global, and public and private capital. Only innovative cities, towns
and communities with innovative public projects will have a strong competitive advantage.
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/urban-europe
The European Commission established a European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Smart Cities and Communities.
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/smart-europe
Russias expenses just for its intelligent model community (Skolkovo Innovation Center) might exceed $15 billion, not mentioning its planned
multibillion infrastructure projects. http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/sustainable-russia
Again, following the mega trend of smart global urbanization, the UK Government organized the Smart Cities Forum coordinated by Technology Strategy
Board, with very useful initiative of the Future Cities Demonstrator competition:
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/smart-britain
The recent EU Future CITIES major forum signaled that an Urban Europe Agenda is getting an official attention as a key mechanism of the EU
Strategy 2020, developing the smart, sustainable, and inclusive Europe:
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/smart-europe
Among the questions for debates there were as follows:
Why do we need an EU urban agenda?
What should an EU urban agenda be?
How can an EU urban agenda be implemented?
If the first question is just rhetorical, the rest two bear critical importance , as indicated, in Europe there are more than 100,000 cities and
communities, with almost 80% as urban dwellers, all looking to improve their communal wealth and urban life through sustainable integrated
solutions.
To be most effective, we believe, an EU urban agenda should be a Global Comprehensive Strategy and Reference Framework for sustainable
cities and intelligent communities, comprising the following key features:
Guiding principles with a system of goals and objectives with measurable targets
Integrated sustainable urban development policy covering the economic, environmental, climate, political, technological and social challenges of
urban life Integrated investment strategy meeting the economic, environmental, political, technological, digital and social problems of urban life
Implementation roadmap to realize integrated territorial re/development in the most systematic ways (to secure a minimum of 5 % of the ERDF
resources allocated for integrated actions for sustainable urban development)
Urban Europe Development Platform for coordinating actors and policies, European, national and local:
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/urban-europe
In all, on the European level, the Urban Europe Intelligent InterCloud Platform is proposed, where each MS and major city will be featured by its
smart cloud system.
On the urban level, each intelligent community and smart city is projected to be managed by its urban brains, an intelligent city cloud platform,
managing its resources, assets, processes and systems: Urban Land and Environment, Roads and Transportation, Energy networks and Utilities,
ICT networks and fiber telecom infrastructure, Public and residential buildings, Natural Resources, Water and Waste management, Social
infrastructure, Health and safety, Education and culture, Public administration and services, Communities and Businesses.
http://eu-smartcities.eu/blog/eu-urban-agenda-sustainable-cities-pilot-case-smart-limassol
Eco-
Social
City/
Town/
Community
City/
Town/
Community
Physical Capital
Natural Capital
Ecosystems
Natural Resources
Renewables/RES
Eco Technologies
Green Infrastructure
Eco-Urbanization
Green Society
ECO-SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
SUSTAINABLE
CITY X
i-City
Platform
Digital
City/
Town/
Community
Social/Human/I-Capital
Innovation Ecosystems
Smart Living
Smart Economy
Knowledge Infrastructure
i-Industry
Smart Governance
Equity, Wellbeing, QoL
Knowledge Society
SOCIAL/INCLUSIVE GROWTH
Information/Digital Capital
Smart Computing, Smart Services
ICT Infrastructure, OTN, Optical
Networks , NG Broadband
3DTV, HDTV, CC, Intelligent Clouds
Internet of Things, u-Computation
Digital/Cyber Society
TECHNOLOGICAL/SMART GROWTH
In 2014-2015, Most Worldwide Spending on Smart City Projects Will Be Focused on Intelligent ICT, Energy, Transportation, and
Public Safety, mainly Funded by National or International Government and governed by Joint Ventures or PPP.
The Smart City X Investment Strategy aims to transform a city as an intelligent eco city: environmentally sustainable, interconnected, instrumented, innovative, and integrated, regionally and globally attractive for businesses, citizens, visitors and
investors.
Its Vision is to become a Smart City of the Future, Intelligent Eco City or Smart Sustainable Urban Community.
While operating, SMART City X is to be managed by its urban brains, an intelligent city cloud platform, managing its
resources, assets, processes and systems: Urban Land and Environment, Roads and Transportation, Energy networks and
Utilities, ICT networks and fiber telecom infrastructure, Public and residential buildings, Natural Resources, Water and Waste
management, Social infrastructure, Health and safety, Education and culture, Public administration and services, Communities
and Businesses.
As the key challenges, there are recognized the lack of technology and business models standardization, price competition and
poor partnership, when each player protects its IP, thus failing to establish a working consortium of general contractors,
architect firms, housing companies, IT vendors, auto companies, electronics companies and energy suppliers
Thus, to build a real intelligent community or smart city, all the key sectors of communal life should be covered: land and
environment, transportation, mobility, energy, buildings, ICT, water, waste, health, education, safety and security, and other
social services, as closely interconnected and interfaced.
Capitalizing on intelligent strategic planning and digital solutions, Smart City X is setting forward a total strategic investment
package of the next-generation urban development, bettering the existing Smart City Value Chain of Plan, Research/FS and
Implementation: {Concept, Design > Estate/Land Space Plan} > {Environment/energy plan> [Traffic plan/Water plan/IT
plan/Business plan] >Financing} > {EPC > Production > Device Installation > Infrastructure Supply > Life Support > Community
Activities}. (see Smart City Planning, Inc., World Cities Summit, 2012).
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/future-cities-27402134
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/future-property http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/ibuilding-26545480
VISION: The SMART City X Program aims to achieve a vision of becoming a model for intelligent
sustainable urban redevelopment, initiating the following Projects:
CREATING OVERALL SMART ECO CITY STRATEGY: Intelligent Community Design, Setting a Comprehensive
Intelligent Community and Smart City Agenda/ Strategy/ Vision/Roadmap/MasterPlanning/Technological
Platform
Scope: Smart City Branding & Full Sustainability Report & Total Package of the Next-Generation Urban
Development
SMART CITY X PROJECTS MANAGEMENT PLANNING (Work Breakdown Structure and Project Organization
Structure)
Scope: Smart Eco City Program
DEVELOPING SMART CLOUD CITY MANAGEMENT PLATFORM (MUNICIPAL CONTROL AND COMMAND
CENTER)
Scope: Urban Management System; Smart Cloud Computing Urban Platform
ORGANIZING SMART CITY SEMINARS FOR COUNCIL MEMBERS, MUNICIPAL STAFF, INVESTORS AND OTHER
STAKEHOLDERS
ORGANIZING SMART CITY STAKEHOLDER PLATFORM
ORGANIZING SMART CITY INVESTORS SUMMITS (Local, European, International; Programs and Prospects)
APPLYING AND MANAGING SMART CITY PROJECTS under EU Multiannual Financing Framework 2014-2020
EU Horizon 2020 (Lighthouse Projects); EU CSF Funds 2014-2020 (Integrated Urban Development Platform)
CITY COUNCIL LEGAL SUPPORT FOR SMART CITY STRATEGIES AND POLICIES
MAYORS SUPPORT FOR SMART CITY STRATEGIES AND POLICIES, PLANS AND PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND
SCHEMES
SIGNING UP THE SMART CITY MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING
PRESENTING A SPACE FOR THE CITY INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT (Municipal Command and Control
Center)
ARRANGING SMART CITY CONFERENCES
COVERING EXPENSES FOR SMART CITY CLOUD COMPUTING PLATFORM RENTALS
CONTRIBUTING LOCAL INTELLECTUAL RESOURCES (Urban Planners and Architects, Civil Engineers, Software
engineers, Accountants, Legal Advisors, Translators, etc.)
FACILITATING APPLICATIONS TO EU FUNDING SCHEMES 2014-2020
ARRANGING SMART CITY EVENTS FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND INVESTORS (CONFERENCES, SEMINARS,
WORKSHOPS, MEETINGS, ETC.)
FACILITATING SMART CITY STAKEHOLDER PLATFORM
FACILITATING SMART CITY INVESTORS SUMMITS (Local, European, International)
ADVANCING SMART CITY CITIZEN INVOVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT (Information, Knowledge and Awareness,
Smart City X Websites, Education and Training Programs, press statements and information materials (e.g.
flyers, brochures, handouts); events (expert discussions, presentations, conferences, etc.)
SMART CITY:
CONCEPTUAL REFERENCE FRAMEWORK
Smart City X has an opportunity to apply for the planned Lighthouse Projects, inviting institutions, public
bodies, industries, city networks, and academia to proactively contribute to the cause.
To deploy smart city solutions across urban mobility; districts and built environment; and integrated
infrastructures, reaching Europe's 20/20/20 energy and climate targets, the concept of Smart City
Lighthouse Initiatives is to be implemented, requesting collaboration between the European Commission,
Member States and Industry, as well as cities and research institutions.
Over the next 7 years, a portfolio of at least 20 - 25 lighthouse projects is to be created: each with 6-10 cities
(and partners), with the potential for Europe-wide roll out dependent on levels of commitment, and access
to/creation of funds.
Successful lighthouse initiatives will provide a solid foundation and give confidence to other cities, in the
knowledge they can apply tested solutions (and that have already attracted investment) that will be better,
faster, and cheaper to implement a Europe-wide deployment of Smart City concepts. .
Implementation principles to be guided: close cityindustry collaboration; outcome and user-centric
approach to service design; open governance and information principles; inclusive and balanced SME
participation; integration of physical and digital infrastructures; actively seek to innovate, learn, and share
knowledge; collaborative governance.
Source: European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities - Strategic Implementation Plan
14.10.2013
http://eu-smartcities.eu/content/presenting-european-innovation-partnership-smart-cities-and-communities
Smart City X is to be indicated as a city implementing integrated and innovative actions for sustainable urban development with delegated
management in the Partnership Contract and the Operational Programmes to have the EU CSF Funding 2014- 2020 benefits:
Ring-fencing funding for integrated sustainable urban development A minimum of 5 % of the ERDF resources allocated to each Member State
shall be invested in integrated actions for sustainable urban development implemented through the Integrated Territorial Investment (ITI) tool,
with the management and implementation delegated to cities (Article 7 paragraph 2 of the proposed ERDF regulation).
The form and degree of the delegation of the management to the cities may vary according to the institutional arrangements of each Member
State.
The cities implementing integrated actions for sustainable urban development with delegated management should be included in a list
accompanying the Partnership Contracts (Article 7, paragraph 2) and the operational programme (Article 87, paragraph 2 [c]). These lists are
indicative and could be modified during the course of the programming period.
Urban Development Platform: Based on a list of cities prepared by Member States in their Partnership Contract, the Commission will establish an
Urban Development Platform comprising 300 cities throughout Europe, which will stimulate a more policy-oriented dialogue on urban
development between the cities at European level and the Commission.
It is not a funding instrument, but rather a mechanism for making the contribution of cities under cohesion policy to the Europe 2020 Strategy
more visible, facilitating integrated and innovative actions for sustainable urban development and capitalising on the results (Article 8 of the
proposed ERDF regulation).
Operations supported by several funds, multi-fund Operational Programmes and cross-financing: The implementation of integrated urban
development strategies will be enhanced by the possibility to combine actions financed by ERDF, ESF and CF either at programme or operation
level.
Cross-financing between ERDF and ESF of a part of an operation (up to 5 % of each priority axis of an Operational Programme) will remain to
complement the multi-fund approach (Article 55, paragraph 8 and 88 of the proposed Common Provisions for CSF Funds 2014-2020).
The Scale and Scope of ITI: the financing of integrated actions is to be ranging from neighbourhood or district level to functional areas such as
city-regions or metropolitan areas including neighbouring rural areas.
Besides, the innovative urban actions (0,2% of the total ERDF allocation) are supported as urban pilot projects, demonstration projects, etc.,
covering all thematic objectives and investment priorities.
SOURCES: INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT. COHESION POLICY 2014-2020
Smart City X is to be deployed in a Smart Computing Cloud System of the following functional systems:
Land Cloud, Transport Cloud, Utilities Cloud, Energy Cloud, Building Cloud, Facility Cloud, Security Cloud, Health Cloud,
Education Cloud, Government Cloud, Business Cloud, Culture Cloud, Environment Cloud, Citizen Cloud; Private Clouds and
Public Clouds, Cloud Communities, Cloud Regions
It will be made up of five interdependent control layers: smart city applications, software city environments, software city
infrastructure, software kernel, and high-performance hardware, as below:
Infrastructure and Applications
(Software as a Service, SaaS, Web access Portals, User-driven web-based services for citizens and businesses, Front
end interface to city clouds, applications and services)
APPLICATION LAYER (i-City, i-Environment, Digital City Management, Integrated Operations Center, Emergency Command
Center, i-Government, i-Traffic, i-Home, i-Office, i-Education, i-Health, i-Security, i-Entertainment, i-Business, i-Community, i-Life,
or Second Life)
Application Program Interface
(Platform as a Service, PaaS, eg, Googles App Engine and Salesforce Customer Relation Management)
SEMANTIC COMMUNITY REASONING PLATFORM, SMART CITY CLOUD PLATFORM, FUTURE CITY INTERNET MIDDLEWARE,
INTELLIGENT CITY MANAGEMENT PLATFORM, FUTURE CITY OPERATING SYSTEM
PLATFORM SUPERVISORY LAYER (IT Engine, M2M Engine, App Integration)
(OS kernel, hypervisor, virtual machine monitor and/or clustering middleware; grid and cluster computing applications)
SMART VIRTUAL MACHINES
NETWORK LAYER (Internet, Communication Networks, M2M Network, FTTH, GPON, etc.)
Connected ambulances
Hospital optimization and Smart health
mobile systems
Intelligent medical devices
Intelligent Safety and Security Systems
Intelligent public safety
Intelligent hospital
Intelligent devices (medical, electrical,
etc.)
Intelligent street lighting
Intelligent Transportation
Intelligent streets, roads and highway
Intelligent Digital Citizens