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UNIT-5 2014-15
WORK STUDY
Definition, objectives, method study - definition, objectives, steps involved- various types of associated
charts-out line process charts, flow process charts, two handed process charts and simo chartsdifference between micromotion and memomotion studies.
WORK STUDY:
Work study is a generic term for those techniques, method study and work measurement which are used in the
examination of human work in all its contexts. And which lead systematically to the investigation of all the
factors which affect the efficiency and economy of the situation being reviewed, in order to effect improvement.
WORK STUDY
Introduction: Work study is a new name for the techniques usually known as motions and time study. Work
study refers to the method study and work measurement, which are used to examine human work in all its
contexts by systematically into all factors affecting its efficiency and economy to bring forth the desired
improvement.
Objectives of work study:
Scientific and controlled analysis of existing available methods of executing a task.
Measuring performance of mentally and the physically qualified workers, establishing it as standard for
performance measurement.
Optimum utilization of workers, plant, machinery and other resources at minimum cost.
Improved productivity and enhance worker mood.
Increasing efficiency of organization.
Nature & Scope
Work study is a generic term for those techniques, particularly method study and work measurement, which are
used in the examination of human work in all its contexts.
Work study is the study of the work in order to simplify it. In fact, it is an approach in respect of the use of
manpower, material and equipment with a view to eliminating waste in every form. It is extensively used in
agricultural operations, manufacturing, services, and transport and supply industries.
Method study is the systematic recording and critical examination of existing and proposed ways of doing work,
as means of developing and applying easier and more effective methods and reducing costs.
METHOD STUDY: Method study is the systematic recording and critical examination or existing and
proposed ways or doing work as a means or developing and applying easier and more effective methods and
reducing cost.
Objectives of method study:
The study is conducted to achieve the following objectives
1. to bring improvement of work processes and procedures
2. to economize human efforts and to reduce unnecessary fatigue
3. to improve the usage of materials, machines and manpower
4. to develop better physical working condition and environment
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RECORDING TECHINQUES:
MicroMotion Charts
1.Micro Motion Charts
2.MemoMotion Charts
Examine:
This is the most important phase of method study. After an activity has been suitably recorded by means of any
method, the recorded events are to be critically examined. The analysis may be based on primary questions like
purpose, place, sequence, person etc.
At the secondary stage, the questions are meant to seek alternatives so as to be able to think out a better, and
finally the best way of accomplishing the task.
Develop:
Based on the recorded data, the alternative methods of doing the same job more effectively are to be identified
and evaluated. From these alternatives, the best one is selected and developed to suit the requirements.
Install:
The new method so developed is to be installed in a phased manner. As part of installation, adequate planning of
schedules and deployment of resources should be taken care of.
Once the method is adopted, the workers have to be retrained, the equipment has to be provided, and the method
has to be tested in order to seek improvement.
Maintain:
It should be ensured that the method is used in the manner intended. Complaints and improvements in
productivity should be registered. Once the new method starts yielding the desired result, it is necessary to
maintain the new method without any change for some time.
O
measured through stop watch.
Description
Operation
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Inspection
Move
Delay
Storage
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1. OPERATION PROCESS CHART (OUTLINE PROCESS CHART): An operation process chart gives the
birds eye view of the whole process by recording only the major activities and inspections involved in the
process. Operation process chart uses only two symbols, i.e., operation and inspection.
It considers only main operations and inspection
Surveys and records an over all picture of the process and states only main events sequence- wise.
Out line process chart is the beginning of a detailed analysis
It
helps
in
layout
planni
ng
and
analys
is
2. FLOW PROCESS CHART: Flow process chart gives the sequence of flow of work of a product or any part
of it through the work centre or the department recording the events using appropriate symbols. It is the
amplification of the operation process chart in which operations; inspection, storage, delay and transportation are
represented. However, process charts are of three types:
(a) Material typeWhich shows the events that occur to the materials.
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Types
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UNIT-5 2014-15
The following table lists the Therbligs, along with their mnemonic symbols and standard colors for charting.
Black
Use
Purple
Find
Gray
Disassemble
Violet,
Light
Select
Light
Gray
Inspect
Burnt
Orange
Grasp
Lake
Red
*Hold
Gold
Ochre
Transport
Loaded
Green
Transport
Empty
Olive
Green
Avoidable
Delay
Lemon
Yellow
Position
Blue
Plan
Brown
Assemble
Violet,
Heavy
Carmine
Red
Unavoidable Yellow
Delay
Ochre
Rest for
Orange
overcoming
fatigue
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