Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
e- Governance is the
public sectors use of
information and
communication
technologies with the aim
of improving information
and service delivery,
encouraging citizen
participation in the
decision-making process
and making government
more accountable,
transparent and effective.
The horizon scan report of
Access to Information
Programme (A2I) was an
attempt to represent a
comprehensive picture of
the current ICT status to
foster the e-Governance
process in Bangladesh.
Prepared by
Access to Information (A2I) Programme
Chief Advisers Office
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh
ii
Identify,
prioritize
and
mainstream
ICT
into
the
national
for
development
in
consultation
with
the
stakeholders; and
iv
Acknowledgement
VIII
Preface
XV
Glossary of terms
XVI
Executive Summary
XVII
1.
2.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Country profile of Bangladesh
1.2 Background
1.3 Methodology
1.4 Scope
12
1.5 Limitations
13
CITIZENS EXPECTATIONS
2.1 An overview of citizens needs, problems and their
15
recommendations
2.2 An overall picture of the status of the ICT infrastructure in
21
surveyed areas
3.
SUPPORTING POLICIES
Governing authority in ICT sector
4.
26
42
4.1.1 Telecommunication
43
46
50
4.1.4 Radio
52
4.1.5 Post
53
53
55
60
62
69
71
73
vi
78
86
89
92
5.3. Content
95
97
5.5. Localization
5.6. Recommendations
6. THE WAY FORWARD
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE 1: The detail report of citizen survey
ANNEXURE 2:Summary of ICT Status in ministries
ANNEXURE 3: Name & Status of SICT project
ANNEXURE 4: ICT Initiatives of the Bangladesh Government in Annual
Development Programme (ADP)
ANNEXURE 5: Scope for ICT initiatives of Bank in Bangladesh
ANNEXURE 6: Questionnaire
ANNEXURE 7: List of Tables
ANNEXURE 8: List of Figures
ANNEXURE 9: Research Team
vii
100
105
111
Acknowledgement
The Horizon Scan Report, an outcome of comprehensive effort of Horizon Scan
team, has been successfully published. The scan of ICT status of Bangladesh
would not have been possible without the cordial support and cooperation of the
various Government and non Government stakeholders. We would like to convey
our gratitude especially to the different ministries and agencies of the
Government as well as to the public and private banks and institutions. Our
appreciation also goes to the survey team who tried to reflect the view of citizens
throughout the country which have enlightened our Report.
At last, we would like to acknowledge the amiable and instrumental
contribution of the following people. Without their support the Report would
have remained incomplete.
Our Stakeholders
(a) Technical Committee Members of A2I Programme
Mr. Shamsul Alam Khan, Joint Secretary, M/O Science and ICT,
Bangladesh Secretariat, Dhaka.
Mr.
ANM
Mustafizur
Rahman,
System
Analyst,
CPTU,
Planning
Commission, Dhaka.
Mr. Md. Rabiul Islam, Systems Analyst, Chief Advisers Office, Dhaka.
viii
Office.
(b) e-Gov cell members
Mr. Ehsanul Hoque, convener of TC of A2I Programme, DG (Admin.) Chief
Advisers Office.
Advisers Office.
Mr. Md Aminul Islam, Protocol Officer, A2I Programme,Chief Advisers
Office.
(c) ICT Focal Points
Mr. Md. Shamsul Alam Khan, Joint Secretary, M/O Science and
Mass Education.
Mr. Md. Mostofa, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Industries.
ix
Children affairs.
Mr. M. Shahidul Haque, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Law, Justice &
Parliamentary Affairs.
Mr. Md. Mushfiqur Rahman, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Youth & Sports.
Ms. Ayesha Begum, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Housing & Public works.
Management.
Mr. Mohammed Jakaria, Additional Secretary, Election Commission
Secretariat.
Mr. Md. Shahabuddin, Joint Secretary, Bangladesh Parliament
Secretariat.
Mr. Miah Abdullah Mamun, Deputy Secretary, Planning Dept, Ministry of
Planning.
Mr. Mazbaul Alam, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Civil Aviation & Tourism.
Affairs.
(d) IT experts in Govt. ministries/divisions/agencies
Mr. Mohammad Asadul Haque, Programmer, CPTU, IMED, Ministry of
Planning.
Mr. Md. Abdur Rob, Assistant Chief, Ministry of Textile and Jute.
Accounts.
Mr. Md. Abu Baten Talukder, System Analyst, Finance Division, Ministry
of Information.
Mr. Eng, Md. Atiar Rahman, Office of the Controller General of Accounts.
Mr. Md. Akter Ali, Senior System Analyst, Police Head Quarters.
Secretariat.
xi
of Accounts.
Mr. Md. Abu Baten Talukder, System Analyst, Finance Division, Ministry
of Information.
Mr. S. M. Shahid, Programmer, Compulsory Primary Education,
Education.
Establishment.
Mr. Khan Md. Elias, Senior System Analyst, Bangladesh Parliament
Secretariat.
xii
Mr. Md. Nurul Haque, DGM (IT), Agrani Bank, Head Office, Dhaka.
Mr. Reazul Islam, Senior Vice President and Head of IT, AB Bank.
Mr. Mohammad H. Kafi, Executive Vice President and Head of IT, Dhaka
Bank.
xiii
xiv
Ms. Rafat Binte Rashid, Editor, Lifestyle & Rising star, The Daily Star.
Preface
In todays world Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has
tremendous impact on socio-economic livelihood of people of the country.
Government functions are the most profound areas where ICT can play a pivotal
role in fostering and ameliorating the citizen centric services.
Adaptation of e-governance is a key for smart governance and making
information technology (IT) relevant to ordinary citizens in Bangladesh where a
large proportion of the population suffers from digital divide. e-governance will
allow ordinary people to interact with the government at various levels and
matters of governance to provide inputs for decision makers.
To achieve these desired objectives a critical assessment of ICT status at
various levels of government and society is needed. The horizon scan report
probably the first attempt to exert the countrys complete ICT status, which will
be of ample help for future documentation and planning. We hope the
participation and endeavor of various stakeholders will accelerate further to
enrich the e-readiness for the emerging interest in e-Governance.
xv
Glossary of Terms
A2I
ADSL
ATM
BANSDOC
BdOSN
BDT
BERNET
BOU
BTN
BTRC
BTTB
BUET
CCNA
CDMA
CIDA
CRBLP
CSO
DCE
DDN
DSL
DL
EDGE
FOSS
GB
GDP
GNI
GoB
GPO
GPRS
GSM
HDI
HPO
HSD
ICT
IDRC
IP
IPLC
IRU
ISP
KB
LAN
LC
MAN
MB
Mbps
MCP
MCSE
MDG
MMS
MW
NGO
NLP
xvi
Access to Information
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
Automatic Teller Machine
Bangladesh National Scientific and Technical Documentation
Center
Bangladeshi Open Source Network
Bangladeshi Taka (Currency).
Bangladesh Education and Research Network
Bangladesh Open University
Bangladesh Telecentre Network
Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission
Bangladesh Telegraph and Telephone Board
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Cisco Certified Network Associate
Code Division Multiple Access
Canadian International Development Agency
The Center for Research on Bangla Language Processing
Civil Society Organization
Directorate of Continuing Education
Digital Data Network
Digital Subscriber Line
Distance Learning
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
Free and Open Source Software
Giga Bytes
Gross Domestic Product
Gross National Income
Government of Bangladesh
General Post Office
General Packet Radio Service
Global System for Mobile
Human Development Index
Head Post Office
High Speed Diesel
Information and Communication Technology
International Development Research Corporation
Internet Protocol
International Private Leased Circuit
Indefeasible Rights of Use
Internet Service Provider
Kilo Bytes
Local Area Network
Local Centers
Metropolitan Area Network
Mega Bytes
Mega bits per second
Microsoft Certified Professional
Microsoft Certified Software Engineer
Millennium Development Goals
Multimedia Messaging Service
Mega Watts
Non Government Organization
Bangla Natural Language Processing
SEA- MEWE4
SMS
STM
TC
UGC
UNDP
URC
UUCP
VSAT
VPN
WAN
WAP
xvii
Executive Summary
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have brought major
transformations across the globe. ICTs have ushered an era of unprecedented
productivity, effectiveness and transparency. Mobile phones have shrunk
distances. The Internet has allowed real-time participation of the masses in the
policy decision process.TV and radio capture and disseminates the updates of
the social and political portrait to millions in the blink of an eye. Just as
businesses are harnessing the power of ICT to deliver better, faster and cheaper
services to their customers, it is also causing a paradigm shift in governance
processes. Electronic Governance or e-Governance is the delivery of government
services and information to the public using electronic means and/or ICTs to
support good governance. Policy makers of developed countries like the US, the
UK and Singapore have fully recognized the power of e-Governance to make a
significant contribution in achieving the objectives of good governance. Along
with Governments of many developing nations, Bangladesh is also coming to a
fast realization that ICT is not only necessary for promoting economic growth
but also can be a great engine for driving good governance.
In the past decade, the Government of Bangladesh had taken various
innovative steps towards e-Governance. It is clear that Bangladesh is positioning
itself to be seriously moving towards e-Governance in a comprehensive way.
However, to realize the vision for e-Governance in Bangladesh it is imperative
to understand the current readiness of the country. This horizon scan report
analyzes the previous significant developments and presents the primary and
secondary research findings in the following categories:
Citizens
Expectations,
Supporting
Policies,
Infrastructure
and
The Primary focus of e-Governance is not ICT itself, but leveraging ICT to
improve service delivery. Consequently, it is important to know the services that
are essential to citizens and then deliver those services efficiently and effectively
through electronic or non-electronic means. The Citizen Survey is therefore the
most important component of the Horizon Scan report. It tried to identify the
needs of citizens, challenges they face and find ways to overcome those using
xviii
poultry
farmers,
fishermen,
labors,
professionals,
housewives,
solar electricity
for
rural
electrification.
Bangladesh was connected to the information super highway through sub
marine cable in 2006. A project by BTTB is going on to establish the national
high-speed data-backbone. This project will setup Layer-3 Switches (ADSL Site)
in 12 districts with Fiber Optic Connections to the main data-backbone. After
this high-speed national data backbone is completed, a flurry of IT-enabled
services and related business activities will happen all over Bangladesh.
The
organs is gradually
moving towards
the
computerized systems from the old manual systems. More than 50% ministries
now have their own Local Area Network (LAN). They are connected to the
internet via dial up connections or broadband connections. Some of the
ministries use customized software for their internal purposes and service
delivery. Some ministries have their own application servers and mailing
systems. Among various initiatives SICT was the largest initiative in the
Government Sector so far. 55 projects were taken through SICT (Support to
ICT Task Force) programme in different ministries and agencies, from which
xx
for
Non
Formal
Education
(NFE)
sector.
Among
the
23
organizations: 9 are NGOs, 9 are commercial firms and the rest are
educational and research organizations.
e-Governance, which essentially aims at enhancing good governance and
strengthening the democratic process, can also be seen as a way of providing
access to information, freedom of expression, greater equity, efficiency,
productivity growth and social inclusion. It is evident that successful egovernance initiatives have demonstrable and tangible impact on increasing
government efficiency, improving citizen participation and quality of life as a
result
of
effective
multi-stakeholder
partnerships.
With
that
said,
the
xxii
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Country Profile of Bangladesh
Bangladesh, a sovereign state in the
Administrative Unit
Division
Zilla
Upazilla
64
481
in
December
1971.
Thana
Municipality
Union
As per 2006
596
308
4498
44.23
1.36
0.20
1.9
2.2
6.6
The next table represents the countrys economic structure and long term trend.
Table: 1.3 Key economic ratios and long term trends
Particulars
1986
1996
2006
21.2
40.7
61.9
16.7
20.0
24.7
5.4
11.1
19.0
9.8
12.4
18.4
14.6
19.8
33.7
Percentage of GDP
1986
1996
2006
Agriculture
31.9
25.7
19.6
Industry
21.5
24.9
27.9
Manufacturing
14.0
15.4
17.2
Services
46.5
49.5
52.5
85.8
83.2
76.1
4.3
4.4
5.5
12.2
18.7
25.2
expenditure
General govt. final consumption
expenditure
Import of goods and services
Export of goods and services
25.8
Year
NRI ranking
(NRI)
measures
the
2005
2006
86
155
Year
2005
2006
Rank
status
100
118
Rank
status
4.
5.
Index http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networked_Readiness_Index
1.2 Background:
The advent of information and communication technology (ICT) together with the
diffusion of the technological advances has resulted in the digital revolution and
the emergence of the Information age. The revolution has created an enormous
impact on social, political, and cultural livelihood of mass people which took the
whole world into a different era. Bangladesh is one of the developing countries
driving strongly for building the nation by entering into global frontier through
ICT. This creates a platform for interaction amongst the Government,
businesses and citizens and ensures easy accessibility of information to all
levels of the society.
The government of Bangladesh already realizes the priority of this sector
and had declared ICT a thrust sector in 1997 and had promised to invest
enough in this sector. It is widely believed that ICT carries enormous potential in
establishing technical and organizational innovations, to reduce costs and
change the quality and types of capital equipment, labor and products. If we
want to portray a picture of entrance in digital era of Bangladesh, the journey
started in the late 1990s. Gradually mobile phone captured the market
tremendously as well as brought drastic changes in socio-economic livelihood of
people. In the same way Bangladesh Government have also taken some
initiatives in ICT field and are successfully operating them. The Government has
already initiated e-Governance activities from a holistic perspective, more
comprehensive than before. Setting a citizen centric service delivery vision for all
the significant stakeholders is an important step towards that process. Horizon
scan is an integral part of the e-Governance vision setting and Governments
initiatives of preparing citizen charter for all agencies. This document is initiated
as a part of scrutinizing the ICT effectiveness and status as well as act as
baseline for vision setting with regard to e-Governance of the country.
To understand the ICT status of a country World Bank also explains that:
To put ICT to effective use, a country must be e-ready in terms of infrastructure,
the accessibility of ICT to the population at large, and the effect of the legal and
regulatory framework on ICT use. If the digital divide is to be narrowed, all of
these issues must be addressed in a coherent, achievable strategy that is tailored
to meet the local needs of particular countries6.
6
bridges.org, http://www.bridges.org/ereadiness
6
Citizens expectations
Supporting policies
expectations
Human
resources
eGovernance
Infrastructure
& Service
Sector
resources
Supporting
policies
The purpose of the horizon scan report comprises the following area:
A. To assess the current state of development of a specific ICT and egovernance, its present and potential use in the Government systems.
B. To assess the citizens expectation regarding e-governance which reflects
a participation approach in this report. This part of the report mainly
highlights the common problems of citizens and their recommendations
how ICT can help in this regard.
7.
1.3 Methodology
The methodological approach focused on the collection of data from primary and
secondary sources, together with survey of different groups, interviews with key
informants and informal focus group sessions. The collection of data has been
focused in the following ways:
Final Consultation
Khulna,
Rangamati,
Kurigram,
Sunamganj,
Sirajganj,
and
Narayanganj. The districts included around 700 citizens representing almost all
levels of the society, 44 small and medium scale business organizations, 10 local
business chambers from 10 Districts, 44 NGOs established mainly in the rural
part of the country, 22 Upazilla Nirbahi Officers, 11 Union Parishod (UNOs)
Chairman and 22 Members (including female members) from the same Union
Parishod as the Chairmen. The upazilla level has been identified so that people
interact more with the government officers. The 700 citizens included
stakeholders
namely
agro-farmers,
poultry
farmers,
fishermen,
labors,
Assessment Methodology:
The assessment of e-readiness, based on the review of information collected, is
undertaken
through
the
brainstorming
analysis
which
describes
the
11
1.4 Scope
The horizon scan report of Access to Information Programme (A2I) was an
attempt to represent a comprehensive picture of the current ICT status of
Bangladesh. In doing so, horizontal width of this report got broaden. The scope
of this report basically was determined within the arena of citizens expectations,
infrastructure, human resource and existing policies related to information and
communication technology of the country.
To collect the primary data the conducted survey covered up to the root
the stake holders related to ICT, through various focal group discussions,
bilateral meetings and key person interviews with the various govt.
ministries, Banks, Financial institutions, several non govt. institutions
and service providers associations.
To show the policies and regulations periphery the report extended its
outlook up to the ICT, MDG PRS etc. policies and also related acts and
regulations that are reflections regarding ICT.
The report also looked upon the stakeholders of ICT in the country. As
12
1.5 Limitations
The horizon scan report of Access to Information (A2I) Programme was an effort
to let the policy makers to have a comprehensive understanding and
visualization of current ICT status of the country. But the Report has various
constrains to produce its best output. The limitations of this report have shown
below.
secondary data which might not reflect same outcome as like based on
primary data. Most important thing is data are unavailable and not
updated time to time which limits our level of reliance. Besides that, in
some cases data vary from source to source.
One of the basic philosophies behind preparing this report was that it
13
Citizens are
an important element of governance
and they form the primary
stakeholder in designing an eGovernance model. Reflection of
common peoples thoughts in
Governance is the main demand of a
true democracy. To make eGovernance sustainable and
effective it is the best to conceive the
idea and thought of the marginal
and general people in the rural and
urban areas.
14
CITIZENS EXPECTATIONS
The districts included around 700 citizens representing almost all levels
of the society, 44 small and medium scale business organizations, 10
local business chambers from 10 Districts, 44 NGOs established mainly
in the rural part of the country, 22 Upazilla Nirbahi Officers, 11 Union
Parishod (UNOs) Chairman and 22 Members (including female members)
from the same Union Parishod as the Chairmen.
15
16
they
face
in
achieving
their
needs
and
have
made
some
Inadequate
doctors
&
nurses
and
lack
of
facilities
and
infrastructure are common in the rural areas. Sometimes people are deprived of
free
medicine
from
government
because of
bureaucratic
complicacy
&
corruption.
b) Wide Spread Corruption: Corruption is the main barrier for the economic
growth of the country. Bribery is the most used form to obtain government
services. Lack of accountability & transparency among the government officials
make them insincere about responsibilities. Lack of transparency also inspires
corruption. All surveyed people depicted it as main hurdle to provide good
governance. They think ensuring accountability and transparency can really
change the scenario.
c) Lack of education: Access to education is still a great problem in
Bangladesh. Though the government has taken numerous steps to increase
literacy rate, the number of high schools, colleges and universities are
comparatively limited. Lack of teachers and their quality of teacher is a prime
17
Recommendations of citizens:
The surveyed citizens not only conveyed their problems but also identified their
solutions. Most of the people think their access to information is low due to both
lack of both infrastructure and ability. People could have got better solutions of
various problems if information were available to them. Although departmental
complain and investigation procedures are available but are of no use. For this
reason the people recommended the formation of a national complain center to
properly address those problems. In particular cases, new policies should be
formed and repeatedly reviewed. Still any national minimum wage policy has not
been planned to formulated to reduce the sufferings of labors and farmers. It
should immediately be addressed to redeem marginal people from deprivation of
basic necessities. To reduce the miseries of mass people in getting better
services bribery and irregularities must be removed. This can only be achieved
through a transparent, accountable and efficient administration. It should be
utmost priority of the Government to ensure transparency and to create
accountability in all layers of administration.
20
necessary information.
b) Establish Online Mobile Phone Based Complaint Centre: Use of Internet is
no more a dream in Bangladesh it is a reality. In the recent time the usage of
mobile phone is increasing day by day. So mobile phone can be used as a strong
tool to provide service to the mass people.
C) Arrange More TV Programs on Social and Economic Development issues:
Television is the most popular media of transmitting information in Bangladesh.
41% of people watch television. So television should be used to increase
awareness and disseminate information dissemination. Rural people watch BTV
as it is the only terrestrial channel in Bangladesh, so the programs should focus
more on the different development programs like agricultural program, health
care, education, gender issue etc.
d) Provide Weather Forecast Through Mobile Phone: Mobile phone is used
widely among the citizens. It can be used to broadcast weather forecast in times
of national emergency.
e) Promote Labor Policies and Laws in Mass Communication Channels: Most
of the day laborers are not aware about their rights due to illiteracy. Radio and
television can be used to inform and aware them about their rights.
f) Submission of Utility Bills through SMS: Payment of utility bill is a hassle
and time consuming for general people. It wastes important working hours.
Broader ICT delivery channels, like SMS, web etc can be used to pay the utility
bills.
g) Provide Website, E-Mail and Phone Based Government Services: Different
countries around the world provide the services through websites and
telephones. The successful story in SSC and HSC result in Bangladesh are
21
9%
1%
Personal
40%
25%
Prof f esional
Business
Education
Others
25%
9%
21%
31%
1 Taka
More than 1 Taka
39%
family members.
Fig 2.2: Expected Call rate of Mobile Phone
22
Computer Usage
Computer is not very popular among the citizen. But people at least know about
computer. Among the surveyed people 78% dont use computer. Out of 22%
computer users, only 10% have
personal computers and 12%
5%
6%
Compose
29%
17%
large
number
cities
like
Dhaka,
Entertainment
Accounting
of
Education
11%
Gaming
14%
Business
Others
18%
and
or
writing
purpose.
this
they
entertain
23
Television
Survey result shows that among
the
mass
media
channel
5%
11%
participants
watch
25%
News
Drama
TV.
Talk Show
18%
is
the
most
popular
20%
Ot hers
14%
7%
followed
by
drama
serials.
Radio
From survey it is found that radio is less famous than the TV in Bangladesh.
Only 29% participants listen to radio and most of them hear Bangladesh Betar.
Among other programs broadcasted from Radio, radio news is just as popular as
TV news. Beside this, weather and agricultural programs are also popular. In
Dhaka and Chittagong private radio channels are becoming popular because of
FM radio. Young generations are now highly attracted to FM radio programs. FM
radio is now able to create this fascination among them because of their easy
accessibility through mobile phones. It has been found from the survey that the
high rate of radio listeners in Rangamati due to the lack of other entertainment
channels.
24
SUPPORTING POLICIES
25
Competitive framework
Investment promotion
Implementation strategy
e-readiness and Need Assessment Report by Country Gateway, Network Policy, page-26
26
Secondly, ICT as a facilitator for strengthening the role of the poor in the
market and
Lastly, ICT as a bridge reducing the distance between the citizenship
29
30
of
the
Bangladesh
Telecommunication
Regulatory
31
32
E-Commerce,
e-Governance,
data
security,
software
copyright
2.
33
designated to encourage ICT R & D activities carried out by the public and
private sector organizations. A central online databank for scientific and
technological information is underway which can be accessed by educational
institutions and others R & D organizations. Bangla text processing, Bangla
voice recognition, translation and synthesis are stated to intensify R& D efforts.
The Policy also highlighted the local software industry, hardware industry
and service industry and promotes business in electronic form. It is also stated
that the Government will introduce and promote ICT based services like G2G
(Government
to
Government),
G2E
(Government
to
Employee),
G2C
Digital Signature:
Digital signature is the move from paper-based systems to e-filing systems. It
substitutes the hand-written signatures with electronic authentication. The legal
34
Telecommunication:
After liberalizing the telecommunication sector in 1997, Bangladesh has been
achieving substantial growth in this industry. Subsequently in 1998 the
Telecommunication Policy and in 2001 Telecommunication Act were formulated.
Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) was created to
handle the regulatory issues of this industry. Prior liberalization the state owned
BTTB were dominating the land phone industry. Tele-density of the country
prior to liberalization was about 0.4 telephones for every 100 persons.
After
Broadband:
The term Broadband is now commonly used to represent/mean fast data
communication
which
replaces
conventional
dial-up
technologies.
The
Local Content:
Local Content is one of the important ingredients to interplay with eGovernance. All government websites will have content in both Bangla and
English.
Advisory Services
38
independent
Commission
established
under
the
Bangladesh
40
ICT infrastructure
is the main component to provide
services electronically. The rationale
is simple: without ready access to
voice and data communication
networks, the population cannot
make use of advanced digital
services. For this reason, connectivity
and technology infrastructure remains
one of the most heavily weighted
components in this horizon scan
report.
41
42
Telecommunication Network:
taken
cellular
place
phone
in
the
BTTB
industry,
RANKS
TELEBARTA
JALALABAD
ONETEL
NATIONAL
PEOPLES
WESTEC
Mobile Operator:
2.
BTTB (www.bttb.gov.bd)
43
Ja
Ja
Time Period
18.00%
16.00%
14.00%
12.00%
10.00%
8.00%
6.00%
4.00%
2.00%
0.00%
n1
J a 99 7
n -1
J a 998
n -1
J a 999
n -2
J a 000
n -2
J a 001
n -2
J a 002
n2
J a 00 3
n2
J a 00 4
n2
J a 00 5
n2
J a 00 6
n20
07
P e r c e n ta g e
35,000,000
30,000,000
25,000,000
20,000,000
15,000,000
10,000,000
5,000,000
0
nJ a 19 9 7
nJ a 1 99
n -1 8
J a 99 9
n -2
J a 00 0
nJ a 2 00 1
n
J a -2 0 0
n- 2
J a 20 0
n- 3
J a 20 0
n- 4
J a 20 0
n- 5
J a 20 0
n- 6
J u 20 0
ly- 7
20
07
N u m b e r o f S u b s c rib e rs
,3,4 & 5
BTRC (www.btrc.gov.bd)
44
Services:
As the data service is still treated as the costly service by the subscribers so
operators are sluggish to take initiatives on data service. Among the six (6)
operators only two are found to be leading the data service market in
Bangladesh. They are: AKTEL and Grameen Phone. AKTEL having almost 6.5
million subscriber base. Grameen Phone is currently leading the market of
subscriber base of almost 15.5 million. Here the subscribers are enjoying and
experiencing the mobile web through several services like: WAP browsing, MMS,
Peer to Peer, MMS Peer to Email, download service (like game, wallpaper, ring
tone etc.).
So far compared to voice service revenue data revenue is very much lower
and the subscribers as well as the operators are not so much concerned about
the data services. So there is very less promotion in this sector. But there are
huge potentialities in this sector.
A subscriber having a data service (GPRS/EDGE/CDMA 2000) enabled
and having a data service featured (WAP/MMS/Streaming enabled) handset can
be thought of as the Eligible Data User for that network. A handsome number of
the subscriber base is generally using data service enabled handsets.
GPRS/EDGE modem is also available in market and people are using these for
better mobility.
The web service will be popular among the mass people, especially among
the student and young generation if the price falls. A steady growth is observed
in mobile internet connectivity.
45
France(Marseille
)
Italy(Palermo
)
Algeria(Annaba
)
Tunisia
(Bizerte
Egypt(Alexandria
)
Cair
o
Segment
3
Egypt(Suez
)
Saudi
Arabia
UAE(Fujairah
Bangladesh(Coxs
Pakistan(Karachi
)
Bazar)
India(Mumba
)
India(Chenna
Thailand(Satun
)
INDIA
Malaysia(Melaka
Srilanka
Singapore(Tuas
)
Segment
4
Segment
2
Segment
1
www.fujitsu.com/img/PR/2005/20051213-01.jpg
46
(a)
Access Network
At present (2007) most cities and towns are covered by digital telephone
exchanges. All Upazilla exchanges will have digital exchanges by the end of
2008-09. So all telephone subscribers up to Upazilla level will have voice and
Internet connectivity through the submarine cable. Rural growth centers will be
brought under digital exchanges by installing suitable access network to extend
benefits of submarine cable in to the rural areas.
47
major cities to connect customers through optical local loop at higher speed. At
present, DDN nodes are available at 41 districts only.
BTTB Data and Internet-related services: BTTB started running internet
services in 1999. Data and internet-related services are now being operated and
maintained by the Telex and Teleprinter Division, under the Overseas
Telecommunication Region. All administrative purposes for the offered services
are served from the Divisional Office at Mogbazar Telephone Bhaban. The overall
features of the BTTBs network infrastructure are as follows:
Optical Fiber/Microwave systems with career-class equipment
Higher International Internet Backbone (8 x STM-1 Duplex through SEA-ME-WE4
Submarine cable System)
Redundancy in IP Backbone (32 Mbps downlink/16 Mbps uplink through BT)
Connected directly to Europe/America
Service
Status
Available
E1 Line
Available
Available
Available
Available
Web Hosting
ADSL Service
Available
DDN Service
Available
Available
DNS Parking
BTTB (www.bttb.gov.bd)
48
(b)
A project is going on to establish the national backbone. Under this project there
will be a setup for Layer 3 Switch (ADSL Site) in 12 districts connected by Fiber
optics to main backbone. These districts are Dhaka, Comilla, Chittagong, Sylhet,
Khulna Bogra, Barishal, Rajshahi, Gazipur, Savar, Mymensigh, and Jessore.
Any organization can lease their connection from these centers. But one
constraint is that if any one wants to take a fiber optic link connection, they
have to take a connection of 3Mbps. This project will hopefully be ended within
June 2008.
(c)
The internet came late in Bangladesh, with UUCP e-mail beginning in 1993 and
IP connectivity in 1996. In June 1996, the government decided to allow private
entrepreneurs to act as ISPs using VSATs (Very Small Aperture Terminal). In
1999, there were 10 ISPs (8 in Dhaka and 2 in Chittagong) while in 2007, there
are about 203 ISPs in Bangladesh among them 77 are nationwide ISPs. ISPs
cover and provide their service in 18 districts in Bangladesh.
Maximum ISPs are Dhaka based and they lease bandwidth from BTTB
and sell bandwidth among different organizations and also provide single user
connection. ISPs outside Dhaka are mainly connected to international backbone
by their own VSAT.
(d)
49
(e)
Though bandwidth price remain the main barrier to increase the internet
penetration in the country but in recent times it is decreasing as the number of
users are increasing. Still it is higher than our neighbor countries. To foster the
IT enabled service there is no other alternative to decrease the bandwidth price.
Here is the list of Core to ISP bandwidth charge for Bangladesh, India and
Pakistan.
Bangladesh
2,440
India
1,460
Pakistan
1,000
50
(f)
10.
http:// www.sdnbd.org/sdi/issues/IT-computer/ict4d-2007-bytesforall.pdf
51
(a)
Bangladesh Betar
FM Radio:
Nowadays FM radio has gained much popularity among the citizen, especially
among the young generation. FM radio service is now only available in Dhaka
and Chittagong. FM radio can be a great tool for local services and information.
As such it is an important way to broadcast about the traffic situation in the
city.
The ownership & reach of the radio seemed to be declining. Only 32%
people own radio of which only 27.3% radios are in working order. This is
because public radio has failed to attract people and the opportunity to watch
TV has gone up rapidly. Only 22.5% people listen to the radio. Radio audience
has declined in urban areas sharply. As in the past, radio reach remained
higher among males (30%) compared to females (16%). Dhaka is the most
popular radio station having 31.3% listener-ship.11 Radio is still popular in rural
and hill tracts area of the country. Community radio has a good potential in the
country with neighboring countries like India, Srilanka and Nepal have
exercising huge positive impact of community radio among the mass people.
11 http://www.sdnbd.org/sdi/issues/IT-computer/ict4d-2007-bytesforall.pdf
52
practitioners
today
is
how
to
utilize
information
and
Few
(BPDB)
electricity in the
(DESCO)
55
4.08%
Diesel
Furnace Oil
Hydro
Coal
81.42%
12
The daily Star, 1st page, Dhaka Saturday, September 22, 2007
56
13
The daily Star, 1st page, Dhaka Saturday, September 22, 2007
57
prepaid
electricity
cards
from
the
vending
outlet.
The new system can remove the existing hazards like maintaining meter reading
and regular bill payment. Under this system, the consumers need not to pay a
minimum amount if they do not use the electricity.
14
www. Energybangla.com, Bangladesh Govt Signs Deals with Private Cos for 10 Small
Power Plants
58
59
development
opportunities,
especially
benefiting
rural
and
Connectivity issue:
More than 50% ministries have their own Local Area Network (LAN). They
are connected to internet via dial up connection or broadband connection.
Some ministries have also connected their zonal offices to LAN and the
internet.
Software Issue:
Some of the ministries use customized software for their internal purpose
and service delivery. They mainly use payroll system, accounting software,
daily production monitoring software, sales and staff monitoring software
etc. The software usually used in the ministries are listed below:
pass
software,
inventory
management
software,
project
information
management system etc. Some software is very much customized for their
service delivery. Such as, Ministry of Environment and Forest use
customized software on Historical Clearance database, water quality database
in the unit. Software on Plant-Specimen Database Program is also used. Some
common customized software like gate pass software, payroll management and
content management software can be shared by differed ministries.
Hardware Issue:
Ministries are equipped with personal computers, UPS, printers, scanner,
photocopier, laptops. Some ministries have their own server and mailing
system. They also use multimedia projectors for presentation purpose.
Training:
Training is an important part of ICT. Different ministries have taken
different initiatives to train their officials and personnel. These trainings
makes up a continuous process. Some trainings are mainly conducted
topics like for beginners and some are little bit advanced. These trainings
61
( http://www.bdhajjinfo.org/ )
(http://www.dambd.org/MarketInfo/market_informaiton.htm )
administrative and secretarial support to the ICT Task Force in realizing various
ICT projects, particularly e-Governance. The Support to ICT Task Force (SICT)
Program was created by the governance to provide various strategic and
implementation support to some of the decisions taken by the National ICT Task
Force, which is headed by the Honorable Prime Minister. Currently, the primary
responsibility of SICT is to implement e-Governance projects in different
government offices across the country. Further, another of its responsibilities is
to provide support to the National ICT Taskforce to ensure access to information
by every citizen to facilitate empowerment of people and to enhance democratic
values and norms for sustainable economic development. The project is
generally divided into two components for outsourcing purposes: software and
training services, and hardware and networking equipment.
So far SICT has initiated 55 projects in different sectors. These projects
have been taken up from 14 different sectors which are: Labor and Employment,
Tourism, Power Energy & Mineral Resources, Others, Education, Rural
Development, Water Resources, Communication, Industries, Social Welfare,
62
Completed Projects:
The initiated projects have excelled tremendous impact in facilitation on the
various citizen services and reducing common sufferings. Among those projects
a portion has already been completed and the rest are successfully underway.
Process automation at GM Norths Office under the Ministry of Post and
Telecommunication, a completed project has had positive impact on improved
citizen services like personalized access to personal subscription information
through the internet, online access to amount of payment due, bill payment
status, status of application for new telephone line, status of shifting of
telephone line to new address, complaints through the Internet, downloadable
forms.
To make agricultural market prices available online to push the country
towards greater economic growth by empowering farmers and businessmen
involved with the agricultural sector, SICT Program has completed a project of
online daily market price for the Ministry of Agriculture which produces by
several benefits for farmers, customers and policy makers such as daily market
information from 30 districts, price information of about 260 agricultural
commodities, historical data of agricultural products etc. Through these
information farmers are better informed about the best prices, policy-makers are
more informed about the price variations which helps them to get better
prepared to take precautionary steps.
Through the implementation of online public examination results and
statistics, SSC and HSC students can get online access to registration status,
test centers, and exam results through personalized IDs, thus saving huge
amount of time and money wasted on travel to find out the information, also
they can download various forms regarding foreign admission and scholarship
and
teachers
can
download various
forms
regarding
MPO,
update
of
qualifications.
After the implementation Interactive Website for Ministry of Expatriate
Welfare and Overseas Employment citizens are getting information about job
63
65
will
benefit
from
more
efficient
decision-making
and
66
67
Overall Comments:
The SICT programme under the Ministry of Planning had submitted a status
report on various ongoing projects. The status report was further being
examined with prior scrutiny and physical visit of the sub projects. It was found
that website is considered as the only way to explore information in all the sub
projects. Other channels were not being considered in that sense. Response of
customers about the status of bill in the website of BTTB was minimal. In the
same way the website of the Agricultural Marketing Department didnt reach its
prime consumer, meaning the farmers. But this website added significant value
to the secondary stakeholders. It is being manifested that in some cases system
study was not properly conducted prior implementation of those sub projects.
So estimation in the time of software development was not proper.
Although it was top most important task to establish network in the
secretariat but it is still in primitive stage.
tremendous zeal and enthusiasm among the ministries and departments which
will play key role in near future to implement e-Governance in the country. The
monitoring system of SICT is feeble and which needs to be strengthened
immediately. Related ministries and departments could take the initiative to
continue play the initiative role to continue the flow of tasks even after the
completion of the sub-projects under the projects. SICT programme is the
largest of all programme of e-Governance in the finance of Bangladesh
Government. In the reality of our country e-Governance is wholly a new concept
The experience of designing and implementation of the sub projects will help in
taking and implementing timely e-Governance activities in future. For this
reason it is needed to conduct a comprehensive technical and managerial
evaluation of these sub projects.
68
Programme,
Agricultural
Marketing
information,
Field
Level
Success Story
Among these a success story is Hajj Management System. The website had a
startup cost of about Taka 20 million, which was borne by the Ministry of
Religious Affairs from its own resources. The operational expenses of
maintaining the website are now covered through a small computer fee
collected from individual pilgrims. The project used tripartite business model
involving the government, the private sector, and academia. The government
outsourced the development and maintenance of the website for two years to a
private firm named Hatil IT, which in turn engaged the Institute of ICT (IICT) of
the Bangladesh University of Engineering Technology (BUET) to develop the
website and to manage the various technical aspects.
Hatil IT is now
responsible for updating and maintaining the website. The Hajj site had a
tremendous impact on the Hajj management system of the country. Now the
relatives of the pilgrims can easily be informed about the latest status of the
Hajjis in abroad. They can easily communicate to the pilgrims as and when
required. This has really exempted many people out of tension. Fraud and cheat
of the various agencies have significantly lowered due to the strict monitoring
and handling of the management through the website. Various complexities
regarding form collection and their filling up have reduced due to the
downloaded services and guidelines to fill up forms as provided by the website.
Pilgrims can prepare themselves earlier accordingly to any policy oriented
changes made by the Government.
Failure Story
Simply opposite of this, a failure story, is the National Data Bank Project. As the
name implies, the National Data Bank (NDB) project was planned to provide a
broad range of data and information support to many levels of stakeholders both
inside and outside Bangladesh. The NDB was to link twelve ministries and
divisions with scope for further network connections to the planning cells of all
70
approved midway through 1994, and was scheduled to start midway through
1995. The project actually began in 1998. Annual investment costs have varied
but, during key network investments in 1999/2000, US$440,000 was spent. In
terms of impact, there has been some limited infrastructural development of the
network, with a LAN (local area network) created within the Planning
Commission. The LAN has problems, with one of the main network switches not
working, and with inadequate human capacities to manage and operate the
network. A few preliminary attempts were made to use the LAN, but those have
been abandoned with no evident usage of the network since 2000. No database
has been established, and no storage of statistical data is visible in any part of
the intended project.
71
It was found from ADP that government has taken many initiatives to
implement e-governance. The listed projects have been identified through the
impact of ICT in ADP. The list of some initiatives by Bangladesh government in
the Annual Development Programme of last three years (from fiscal year 20042005 to 2006-2007) is attached in Annex -4.
These projects are funded either by Bangladesh government or by development
partner of Bangladesh government. Some projects are also funded jointly by
Bangladesh
government
development
and
partner.
analyzing
the
By
Annual
between
2005-2006
2004-2005
and
the
to
budget
95000
94000
93000
92000
91000
90000
89000
88000
87000
86000
85000
84000
93959
93643
2005-2006
2006-2007
87737
2004-2005
Fiscal year
is
still
at
the
69500
69000
established
taken
some
initiative
72
69363
68909
68500
68000
67937
67500
67000
2004-2005
2005-2006
2006-2007
Fiscal year
to
with
its
employees
and/or
other
stakeholders
in
the
Government Ministries:
Ministries
are
the
governing
authority
highest
of
Banngla Interface
the
40
have
no
Bangla
Number of Ministry
30
25
English
Number Of
Ministry
20
15
10
5
0
Bangla Interface
Enable
35
35
knowledge,
No Bangla
Interface
Updated Information
the
updated
information
for
but
most
of
the
Number of Ministry
33
30
25
20
Number Of
Ministry
15
10
5
0
Updated
Not Updated
search
74
options.
As
the
Government Organizations:
scenario
in
respect
to
Bangla Interface
government
organizations
have
bangla
140
Num ber of M inistry
Only
152
160
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Bangla Enabled Interface
No bangla Interface
Update of information is also very important. It has been found that the
maximum of our government organization regularly update their websites. But
more emphasis should be given
update
Although
of
there
are
various
Out
of
the
studied
75
Form Download
information.
Number of Ministry
to
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
91
68
Form download
No download Option
It is seen that most organizations do not provide download service. But it is a big
crucial factor for better and easy service delivery.
Bangladesh
government
has
(http://www.forms.gov.bd/default.aspx).
published
It
is
50
forms
good
in
initiative.
websites
But
the
penetration is not very good for the lack of promotion. The forms here need
review and update.
SMS Service:
It was that found one government website that is SMS-enabled. And that is:
1. Bangladesh Hajj Information (http://www.bdhajjinfo.org/)
is
the
most
popular
means
of
communication
in
The main drawback of our government sector websites is its static nature. These
websites should be dynamic. Dynamic websites will provide enhanced search
option, easy to update and not but the least the greater functionality and ease to
maintenance.
Finally it can be said that the publishing information is the first steps
towards e-Governance. From this study it is found that at current time(2007) e76
4.2.2
Industrialization
efforts
of
the
government
during
the
1990s
included
Nuclear energy;
77
Textiles
Telecommunications
Banking
Pharmaceuticals
Energy
78
Online banking:
Maximum bank in Bangladesh
use ICT as a delivery channel. 37
are
providing
many
services
Online Banking
Facilities
No online Banking
Facilities
increasing
all
the
banks
are
technology.
Service Line:
The commercial banks are providing online banking, ATM support, SMS and net
banking services in the country. These technology based services also provide
fund transfer through internet, debit/credit Card facility and SMS service for
different queries and bank statement etc. The major services offered by bank
through ICT infrastructure are as follows:
79
bills
like
of
that
4%
Balance Check
9%
39%
15%
Cash Deposit
Cash Withdrawal
Fund Transfer
33%
Others
Point of Sales (POS) terminals are mainly established for online payment of
shopping bills. There are many POS centers in the big cities which accept card
from different banks. They provide facilities of account info, transaction within
own account, viewing and printing the balance and account statement for the
last 20 (twenty) transactions. But no bank in Bangladesh provides full- featured
online banking.
Banks introduced SMS Banking System by which the customer can
perform many banking transactions from anywhere. SMS banking also enables
the similar features of POS in many banks.
commercial banks, could play some very important roles. It should review
the policy and make new Acts or laws (if needed) to foster the ICT
initiatives in the banking sectors.
Auto Clearing House: It is a common demand of the bankers, so
Bangladesh bank should consider this issue and take necessary steps.
National Payment Gateway: The usages of bank card in the customer
81
(Microsoft,
Oracle,
Sun
etc.)
hold
the
lions
share
of
the
82
Software
Tk.200 crore
(approx.)
Internet &
Network
Services
Other ITES
The
current
demand
in
the
market
is
for
back-office
automation
Software Trade:
market
Canada,
software
mostly
the
in
has
USA,
35
European
29.8
30
in million US$
Bangladeshi
27.01
25.5
25
20
Export
12.68
15
10
5
0
2.8 1.33
4.2 5.36
7.19
Import
9.03
2005-2006. This clearly shows our ability to compete with the interventional
market. The quality of softwares is also appreciated by the big business houses
and governments equally.
83
professionals in the surveyed firms are involved in the non-coding activities (e.g.
project management, system analysis, system architecture, quality assurance
etc.) which are highly important components of project life cycle for any software
project. It really shows the dedication and sincerity of the software firm to
develop them to as a global competitor.
IT Enabled Service:
Information
Technology
Enabled
Services
(ITES)(e.g
desktop
publishing,
84
15.
Call Centre
E-Accounting
GIS/AutoCAD
A survey by BASIS shows, approximately 1000 seat jobs are being exported
which is worth approx. US$ 5 million dollar.
15.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Process_Outsourcing
85
(a)
bodies and agencies have suggested the introduction of e-citizen portal where
updated information of all services of Government will be presented on a regular
basis. The ultimate target is to reach the standard of e-citizen portal of
Singapore. They have also recommended to take some intermediate steps to
reach these goal. These are:
1. Develop a Search option on the basis of services
2. Incorporate telephone index
3. Prioritize the services
4. Standardize interface layout
5. Prepare guidelines to regularly update website contents
(b)
Develop
National
Payment
Gateway
for
smooth
banking:
(c )
costs are almost ten times higher in Bangladesh than that of India. All
participants very strongly urged and recommended to drastically reduce all sorts
of network bandwidth costs in Bangladesh. Since the Government has already
86
(d)
87
There is continued
necessity of a highly skilled human
resource pool in Bangladeshs ICT sector.
Skilled human resources are currently in
high demand and short in supply. This
chapter aims to understand the state of IT
education infrastructure of Bangladesh
and the challenges citizens face in
accessing IT education
88
http://www.digitallearning.in/articles/article-details.asp?articleid=907&typ=Perspective
89
90
like
radio-television
and
audio-video
cassettes,
tutorial
services,
computer networking and the internet. The use of these techniques helps BOU
to take its academic programs to the doorsteps of people far and wide. It makes
room for in-house education.
IT Training Institutes
Due to their growing demand, IT training institutions are spreading all over the
country. A survey shows that most trainees at these institutes enroll in software
application courses, especially MS office. When inquired about the quality of
training, 48% of the trainees were found very satisfied, 39% were satisfied and
the rest 13% were unsatisfied. Inadequate logistic support, backdated course
plan and inefficient trainers were some of the reasons for trainee dissatisfaction.
Survey also reveals that nearly 85% of the trainees plan to train further in IT
and take courses in Photoshop, Dream waver, flash. Certification programs such
as MCSE, CCSP, MCDBA also run popular amongst trainees. In relation to
performance in the job market, while most trainees responded positively, 3% felt
that these trainings were insufficient to compete in the job market.
According to management, most students find jobs in networking, system
administration or programming right after graduating from these institutes. Due
to the rapid growth in telecommunication industry telecommunication courses
are also gaining much popularity lately. Most training centers provide training
under the authorization of Microsoft Certified Partner for Learning Solutions
(MCPLS) through qualified instructors. These internationally recognized vendor
certification increase the credibility of the trainees in the job market. However, it
was suggested that the Government take steps to monitor the training centers
and assist in improving the standard.
91
translation,
computational
algorithm,
VLSI
and
3-D
vision.
Considerable research work has been done in the use of Bengali in computers.
Some government organizations including BANSDOC, BERNET, URC are also
conducting research on IT development.
National
Scientific
and
Technical
Documentation
Centre
5.3. Content
Digital and audio Visual Content
ICT consist of not only the computer and the internet but also mobile phones,
radio, TV, among other things, present unprecedented opportunities in the field
of education as well as different livelihood issues. Educational content that is
much more true to life, timely and demand driven is being developed in the
audio-visual form in many countries and promoted through computer, TV and
portable computing and multimedia devices. ICT enhances learning for all ages.
For example, radio, television, VCD etc. used in combination with printed course
material, can make literacy lessons more true-to-life and interesting. Multimedia
ICT provides words, images, movement and animation in combination with
audio to enhance learning. Such forms of ICT can also be entertaining and
thereby motivate the target audience to watch and learn. Television and other
audio-visual media can also provide a means by which to stimulate discussion
and critical thinking.
A total of 23 organizations are involved in producing ICT based materials
for the non formal education sector. Among the 23 organizations 9 are NGOs, 9
are Commercial firms and the rest are Educational and Research organizations.
Out of 195 ICT-based materials more than 70% of the materials are developed
by NGOs and research and educational organizations. Only 29% of the materials
are developed by the private sector. The highest number of ICT-materials (129)
is developed in from of video, animation and combination of video and
animation. This form has been chosen thanks to the wide availability of
television and video-player across the country. Furthermore, these materials can
also be run on the computer. Product for internet is still limited in numbers.
While combination of animation and video is found more effective, but only
NGOs have used such combination. Although most of the ICT-based materials
developing institutions emerged in early 2000s, their number is still limited.
Lack of ready market, inadequate and irregular funding, lack of proper facilities
for developing high-quality ICT-based materials, lack of high-skilled materials,
inadequate experience of educationists in ICT-based materials development, yet
94
potato
farming,
fishery
etc.);
different
citizen
services
(job
and
the
Anglo-Russian
as
the
number
one
telecoms
telecom
investment
opportunity
group
market
reported
for
the
manufacturers, service providers and the vendors. According to the report the
top five countries for telecoms investment are Bangladesh, China, India,
Indonesia and Russia.
A new trend is observed in telecommunication sector that people
(generally young generation) are getting more interested in different attractive
and useful services other than traditional voice calls. Mobile phone operators
95
Smart Messaging
IVR
Services
Content developers are providing many useful and attractive features and
services. Some of the services are very much popular among the target groups.
There is a variation on the peoples demand and the developers have also
focused on those demands. Following are the popular services provided by the
content developers:
Entertainment content (ring tones. logos, wallpapers, karaoke, mobile
The customers who are interested to use these services are charged from Tk 2 to
Tk 40, depending upon what services he/she is using. Mobile phone has spread
out largely among the mass people. They are using it for different contents, like
emergency numbers, news, voting etc. So it can be used widely as a service
delivery channel for government or other organization. For example, government
can quickly scan the public opinion about a national issue or the like.
96
But software
Proprietary
FOSS
Web Browser
MS Internet Explorer
Firefox
Mail Transport
MS Outlook Express
Thunderbird
Web Server
MS IIS
Apache
Image Manipulation
Photoshop
Gimp
Productivity Suite
MS Ofce
OpenOfce.org
Database
MS SQL
MySQL, PostgreSQL
Software Industry
As the main focus of this report was on the usages and development of FOSS
around the country, software industry is a very important stakeholder. A survey
has been conducted around 20 most prominent software companies in
Bangladesh to know the usage pattern of open source. It has been found that
97
9%
4%
9%
Very High
High
26%
Medium
Low
VeryLow
52%
As FOSS is not yet very popular yet in Bangladesh, it has been surveyed among
the business people, on which issues, the FOSS community should focus to
popularize it in the software industry. They mostly believe that stability is the
most important factor, then security, technical help etc. The real picture is some
what as follows
Importance of different features
6% 6%
7%
7%
8%
8%
11%
Higher Stability
18%
16%
13%
Higher Performance
Better Functionality
Better Security
Low Licence fees
Operatin and administrative cost saving
Installation and integration cost saving
Citizen Survey:
A survey has been also conducted on 60 people of different location and age who
are familiar with open source software. In the citizen level FOSS is still at the
beginners level. Maximum of the surveyed people only heard about the open
98
MySQL/Postgre
SQL
23
Apache
20
Linux
OpenOffice.org
24
Mozilla/Konquer
or
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Some of the surveyed people showed their keen interest to participate in open
source project.
99
5.5. Localization
The first attempt of localization started in the early 1980s with Bangla font
development in windows environment and many fonts were developed in ad hoc
ways resulting in a gross interoperability. Absence of planned activities and
policies resulted in different key-board mapping and made the localization a
cumbersome process. The UNICODE in late 90s shed a new light on this issue
and after that, the process of localization began to take a new shape in the
country. The open source software till then has the most significant effect in the
localization efforts in Bangladesh. The major initiatives are run by the
volunteers. However, in recent days the institutional initiatives are also in the
scene.
100
All laws of the land have both Bangla and English. But, in case of if any
differences between the two versions, the Bangla version prevail.
Policy Initiatives
The GoB has in recent years made significant strides in formulating policies to
enable the growth of ICT in Bangladesh, with references to the need for local
101
The notable successes in local language computing arena have been due to the
open-source
volunteer
efforts,
led
by
Ankur
and
BdOSN.
Ankur
102
and
Information
Technologies
(ICCIT),
and
the
International
Localization Efforts
There are two primary areas of localization efforts open source localization and
open content localization both driven by volunteer efforts. Ankur and BdOSN
completed the creation of glossary (Bangla version of computer terms). Ankur
and associates volunteers had already localized different open source software.
These included Linux distribution like Fedora, Mandriva, Suse and Ubuntu;
Desktop environment like Gnome and KDE; Applications like OpenOffice.org,
GAIM, Firefox and Thunderbird.
Since its launch in late March 2006, the Bangla Wiki project has been
very successful. Although the Bangla Wikipedia was initiated in 2004, it only
had 540 articles till March 2006, with very little actual content. Initially, a target
of 10,000 articles in one year was set. The project has been able to attract a
large number of editors. As of October 2005, the total registered editor count is
865. The number of articles in the Bangla Wikipedia has grown initially at a rate
of 800 articles per month, with occasional burst of activity raising the rate
beyond that. As a result of these activities, the Bangla language Wikipedia
crossed the 10,000 article mark in September 2006, becoming the 50th
Wikipedia, and the 2nd language from South Asia to achieve this. Now
(November, 2007) the total Bangla language articles is 16531 and it growing very
rapidly.
1. There are more than 200+ local language websites in Bangladesh. Major
daily newspapers and some magazines have their own website in Bangla.
However, there is a tendency to use non-standard encodings instead of
Unicode.
2. Some local initiatives are there which developed website in Bangla. Some
Bangla blogs are beginning to appear locally.
104
5.6. Recommendations
5.6.1 Education and ICT
Facilities should be built to promote ICT education and computer-aided
education in all levels (primary to post-graduate). Donor agencies, nongovernment organizations and other development partners of the country should
participate in building up the necessary capacity in this area. The mutually
supportive roles of public and private finance point the way to raising the overall
level of investment in ICT education and training.
Teachers are the most vital resource in promoting modernisation and
higher standards; their recruitment, training, deployment and appropriate
incentives are critical to ICT education system in Bangladesh. Since there is an
acute shortage of qualified teachers, short-term intensive training on ICT may be
arranged.
Wherever
necessary
an
international
faculty
or
expatriate
Everyone should be
encouraged and enabled to continue ICT learning throughout their lives, not just
in the years of compulsory schooling.
For primary and junior secondary level, general science textbooks should
adequately cover fundamental concepts on computers and their numerous
applications. Differences between hardware and software, history of computers
105
translation
and
synthesis
should
be
intensified. Technology
107
108
109
Local
Language
Processing
in
public
Implementation of e-governance in
Bangladesh has been identified as an
important aspect of the countrys path
forward. This horizon scan report is a
baseline assessment of existing
capacity, needs and options for
implementing e-Governance in
Bangladesh. In the light of the
recommendations made by the citizens
and service providers, some priority
focus areas may be identified and
action plans may be developed as a
way to move from statements to real
results towards e-Governance.
110
As a powerful tool to pursue development goals (PRS and MDG), eGovernance needs to receive the highest level of national political
commitment. An e-Governance vision should be developed through a
consultative process involving all relevant interested parties in the
country, including the private sector and non-government organizations
(NGOs). This vision should commit, in particular, to the establishment of
an enabling, pro-competitive regulatory and policy framework as well as
the associated institutional policy-making and regulatory capacity;
for
institutional
capacity
building,
transparency,
111
112
Give
special
attention
to
disenfranchised
and
illiterate
people
and
know-how,
ICT
expertise,
management
expertise,
113
facilities,
equity
capital
and
other
business
development
114
115
1.4 Methodology
The division of the categories and the regions were fist selected and was vetted by a
sub-committee. The clustering of the regions were done on the basis of the
homogeneity of the challenges they usually face. The fist five districts were chosen
as they are also the major Divisions of the country namely, Dhaka, Chittagong,
Rajshahi, Sylhet and Barisal. Khulna was avoided in this case as it was to be taken
for other reasons as well. The other districts were chosen due to their variation in
facing natural disaster and obstacles throughout the year. Kurigram was selected
because of the situation of Monga every year, Sunamganj was selected due to its
geographical property of being the biggest swamp area, Sirajgonj was chosen for
being a great Char area of the country, Rangamati was chosen for being one of the
districts of Chittagong Hill Tracts area, Khulna/Bagerhat was chosen for being in
the coastal area and battered every year by cyclone. Narayanganj was chosen for
being one of the closes districts from the capital to observe the differences in
services for mere 14 miles.As it is a pilot study, the sample size was determined by
through guessing based on previous experience.
After the questionnaire were prepared, the surveyors were selected and trained
on the collection of data. A pilot survey was then carried out in Savar and Doha of
Greater Dhaka to get the feel how people responded. Some of the questionnaire
were then changed when some problems were identified. And then after another
extensive of the surveyors, the survey was conducted. Analysis of the survey was
done through statistical analysis for the closed ended answers and summarizing
the open ended answers.
1.5 Structure of the report
The study report is divided into three main categories. (1) An overall picture of the
different districts and the status of the ICT infrastructure in these areas, (2) An
overview of what the different categories of citizens needs are and what are the
problems they are facing in achieving these needs, also the recommendations
provided by the citizens to solve these problems through ICT are incorporated. (3)
An overview of the most effective mode of delivery channels for e-Governance.
The Overall Status of ICT Infrastructure
Mobile Telephones:
Mobile phone is spread out in whole country and it had been already reached in
every levels people hand. The survey is run on 700 citizens from 11 districts. It had
been found that 567 (81%) people use mobile phone in various purposes and
55.55% has their own mobile set. Most of the people use mobile phone in their
personal affairs thats why survey result shows that 41% of their mobile bill incur
on personal issue. Now people think mobile phone as a weapon to maintain social
relationships with their friends and family as well as with known person.
But largest portion of participants are not satisfied with the call rate of mobile
phone. Only 23% participants think that the call rate is normal but the majority
portion give the opinion to decrease the call rate below 50paica.
Computer Usage
Computer use does not mentionable like the mobile phone. But people at least
know about the computer. The survey was continued on 700people, among them
78% dont use the computer and residual 22% computer users not use it any
appropriate reason. On 22% computer users, only 74 have personal computer and
81 use it on cyber caf, educational institution, office etc. Computer uses larger
amount in big cities like Dhaka, Chittagong but in Curigram computer using rate is
also high. 75% users use it in compose or writing purpose. Beside this they also
entertained by using computer like listening song, watching movie, TV etc.
Students use the computer to complete different paperwork which is related with
their study. 37% users play game on computer.Though the use of computer now
increasing all over the country but people is not satisfied with the price. 69%
participants think that, locally attached (clone) PC price should be in 13000/15000/- range.
Use of the Internet
The scenario of using internet is very disappointing. In this survey only 11% people
told that they use the internet. Some of them have own internet connectivity others
use the cyber caf, office, business firm and in house of friends and known person.
But now mobile phone opens a new door. Many internet users use internet through
mobile phone. But most of the participants say that internet is not that much
available and cheap.
Television: The Best?
Survey result shows that among the mass media TV is most popular. 86%
participants watch TV. BTV is the most popular channel normally but where people
have satellite connection there the scenario is quite different. People ranked the
news top.
Radio:
From survey we find that radio is less famous than the TV in Bangladesh. Only
29% participants listening radio and most of them hear Bangladesh Bater. In times
of listening radio listeners top choice is news. Beside this, weather and agricultural
programs are also popular. But in Dhaka and Chittagong private radio channels are
become popular because of FM radio. Young generations are now highly attracted
with FM radio programs. FM radios are now able to create this fascination among
them because of their easy accessibility in mobile phone.
The Citizens Needs, the challenges and the recommendation
The following needs were identified from the different categories of citizens from the
answers they provided during the survey. As the citizens come from different levels
of the society, their needs were also different. They have spoken about the
challenges that they face in achieving their needs and have also made some
recommendations to face them.
a. Agro-farmers
The problems:
Solutions:
Establishment of a complaint centre
Information and services through mobile telephones
Distribution of good quality seeds and fertilizers with honest dealers
Reduce the electricity bill for the farmers so that get water at cheaper cost for
irrigation
Establishment of a service centre
Establishment of trade centre by the Government so that fair price could be
achieved for agro commodities
Provide easy condition based agro loans
b. Poultry farmers
The problems:
Lack of medicine for the animals
Irregular visit by the Veteran
Security problem
Expensiveness and contaminations of animal food
Lack of complaint centre
Solutions:
Increasing accountability
Increase awareness
Decrease the cost of commodities to raise animals and vet services
Provide loan to the poultry farmers
Employment of infomediary personnel to provide the Government information
c. Fishermen
The problems:
Solutions:
Get law and order personnel everywhere
Provide timely weather forecast
Register the names of the fisherman and the boat with the local authority
when going out in the sea
Provide security for the fishermen out in the sea
Provide loan for the fishermen
Provide policy support for the fair price of the fish
Decrease middleman-ship
What can ICT do?
Provide weather forecast through mobile phone
Provide SOS service through radio or any other means of communication from
deep sea
Provide market price of the fish using ICT, preferably using mobile phone
d. Labors
The problems:
Solutions:
Standardize minimum wage system and make the employees bound to pay
that
Provide life insurance
Assure the human rights of the labors
Increase awareness of the labor policies and laws
e. Professionals
The problems:
Solutions:
Creation and Implementation of necessary policy and law
Making Government offices compulsory in providing required information and
services to the citizens
Building information centre
What can ICT do?
Provide correct information to the citizens to decrease corruption
Submission of utility bills through SMS
Provide website, e-mail and phone based Government services
f. Housewives
The problems:
Solutions:
Free health and education services
Fair price shops of BDR in every area
What can ICT do?
Could help in informing the problems to the Government
At the same way Government can let them know of the available services
Providing such facilities so that a health worker could come if contacted over
telephone
Solutions:
h. Self employed
The problems:
Bribery, hassle and duration of getting information
Lack of adequate training and bank loans
Solutions:
Have accountability in the government system
Have good monitoring of the NGOs
What can ICT do?
Provide close circuit cameras in city corporations, tax offices etc. to monitor
any corruption
i. Job Seekers
The problems:
Making bank drafts
Security
Favourism and corruption in getting jobs
j. Senior Citizens
The problems:
Does not get the required medical services
Does not get the Senior Citizens allowance
Government doctors are more interested in patients at private clinics
Solutions:
Provide the senior citizens allowance procedure on the hands of the military
Arrange to get proper medical service
What can ICT do?
Could help in increasing awareness and accountability
k. Disable citizens
The problems:
Sometimes has to bribe the concern authority to get the disable citizens
allowance form
Disable people are deprived in the education sector
No government books (e.g. Brail books) for the disable people to study
Government infrastructure and the roads/public transports are not disable
friendly
Not all the required places that a disable person has to visit situated on the
ground floor
No software solution available for the disables
Solutions:
Planning and implementation of policy friendly towards disable citizens
Giving more importance to disable citizens from the government
Provide improved educational system for the disabled
What can ICT do?
Broadcast disabled friendly programmes over the mass media
Make disabled friendly software by the government
Solutions:
n. Teachers
The problems:
o. Government Employees
The problems:
Solutions:
Create awareness and integrity among people
Could provide 50 percent bonus for the increased price of commodities
What can ICT do?
Online tax payment system
Receiving complains using ICT
Broadcasting of news, information etc. independently
Upazilla Nirbahi Office
Infrastructural Status
Main reason for using computer
LAN connectivity
Internet connectivity
Kind of Internet connection
Own mail domain
Number of Internet users (av. per office)
Administrative database
Database update and development
personnel
Objective of the database
Kind of information stored in database
Website
Administrative work
No
Yes
Dial Up
No
2
Yes (primary)
Typist
General information storage
Official general information
Yes
Status
General improvement
No improvement
Highly improved
Not much improvement
Slight improvement
Highly improved
Highly improved
General improvement
The Upazilla Nirbahi Officers have provided separate opinions regarding the goals
achieved in e-Governance, but generally they do not think there has been much
improvement in reducing citizens time for getting services. They think that eGovernance can play very important role for their offices.
The sectors in which the citizens usually face problems are provided below in
descending order.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Health services
Education services
Land services
Legal services
Communication
The recommendation the UNOs provided for solving these problems are:
Hampering elements
Lack of Infrastructure
Lack of high speed internet
Lack of citizens access to Internet
Lack of Computer knowledge
Lack of adequate training
Lack of maintenance
Electricity crisis
Lack of Bangla computing
Fear of change
Comment
Not at all
Not at all
A lot
A lot
A lot
No
Some
Some
Slightly
The UNOs think that to change the mind setting of their employees towards eGovernance, the following steps could be taken
Computer training
Provide allowance to motivate in increasing skill
Motivate employees through seminars or workshops
Provide training at Thana level
Provide necessary equipments for three steps
Stakeholder category
Agro Farmers
Poultry Farmers
Fisherman
Labors
Professionals
Housewives
Students
Self-Employed Citizens
Job-Seekers
Senior Citizens
Handicapped Citizens
Daily labors
Very poor (below $1 margin income)
Teachers
Government Servants
Overall responses
Number
57
41
55
41
41
41
56
42
41
40
40
57
41
40
57
700
(6) Name of the Ministry: Ministry of Power, energy and Mineral Resources
Web address: website is not yet developed
Connectivity: No information is available about connectivity
Software & hardware Issue: No information is provided about software & hardware
issue.
ICT related Projects: In Ministry of Power, energy and Mineral Resources some
sorts of ICT initiatives have already been taken to strengthen its activities through
different types of automation process like payment of utility bill through electronic
system at PDB and DESCO.
Future Plan: Some future initiatives have been planned to implement as internet
banking of eastern bank Limited, pre-paid metering by PDB and DESCO.
ICT related projects: One of the ICT initiatives in the ministry is Comprehensive
Disaster Management programme (CDMP). Under CDMP project Disaster
Management Information Center (DMIC) sends weather forecast and agro mate
bulletin and pre signal for weather, earthquake and tsunami from Global Disaster
alert & Co-ordination System (GDCS) to the ministry and district relief and
rehabilitation officers through e-mail. In addition the ministry already trained up
officials.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Web-Site Development.
(g)
*** The report of ICT status of different ministries has prepared on the basis of
replies of a quetionanire which was sent by principal Secretary to the Secretaries
of all ministries. In this report the information would be updated if any
information of any ministries would be available in future.
Implementing Authority
Status
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
Board of Investment
Special Security Force
Completed
Completed
Cabinet Division
Public Service Commission
Completed
Completed
Completed
Completed
On going
On going
On going
On going
On going
On
On
On
On
going
going
going
going
On going
On going
On going
On going
On going
Bangladesh Secretariat
On going
Ministry of planning
On going
On going
Process Automation
Process Automation
Process Automation
Process Automation
Office Automation with
Hardware
e-Government initiatives
for process automation
e-Government system
e-Government system
e-Government system
Interactive Website
e-Governance Application
e-Governance Application
e-Government initiatives
e-Governance Application
Establishment of Computer
Lab at National Institute
e-Governance
Presidents Office
Automation
GIS Software Development
Interactive Website
Hardware support
Hardware support
e-Government Initiatives
On going
On going
On going
On going
On going
On going
On going
On going
On
On
On
On
On
On
On
going
going
going
going
going
going
going
On going
On going
On going
On going
Fisheries Department
Vashani Navo-theatre under the
Ministry of Science & Information &
Communication
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
training centre of Bangladesh
Biman
National Data Resource Center
On going
on going
On going
On going
On going
Serial
No.
Project Name
Establish
2,66,000 Digital
Telephone Lines
(transform
76,000 Lines )
Establish High
Capacity Optical
Fiber with Spar
Transmission
Link
Establish/
Expansion of
Digital Telephone
Exchange in
Different Districts
in Bangladesh
International
Telecommunicati
on System
Establishment
through SubMarianne.
Establishment of
Digital Radio link
& Digital
telephone
Exchange in
Tribal Chittagong
Introducing
Internet Service
in every district of
Bangladesh
urgently
Establish
Upazilla and
Growth Center
Digital Telephone
Exchange
Establish Digital
Telephone
Exchange in
Metropolitan City
and Important
Cities
Establish Digital
Telephone
Exchange in
Impleme
nting
Organiza
tion
Develop
ment
Partner
B.T.T.B
----
B.T.T.B
Ministry
Project
Expendit
ure (unit
: lakh
Taka)
Fiscal
Year
Post
and
Telecommunication
175450
(70771)
20042005
Post
and
Telecommunication
10254
(4176)
20042005
B.T.T.B
China
Post
and
Telecommunication
163378
(108155)
20042005
B.T.T.B
I.D.B
Post
and
Telecommunication
65702
(53382)*
20042005
B.T.T.B
Supplier
Fund
Post
and
Telecommunication
9519
(5787)
20042005
B.T.T.B
Post
and
Telecommunication
2171
20042005
B.T.T.B
Post
and
Telecommunication
38173
20042005
(15783)
Post
and
Telecommunication
B.T.T.B
38173
20042005
(36054)
B.T.T.B
UDCF,
South
Korea
Post
and
Telecommunication
33541
20042005
10 lakh T&T
Mobile
11
Establish Radio
Link In Different
Upazilla in
Bangladesh
(15000)
Post
and
Telecommunication
B.T.T.B
79695
20042005
(51088)
12
13
Establish Digital
Telephone
Exchange in
Karaniganj of
Dhaka District
Introducing PrePaid Service By
BTTB
Post
and
Telecommunication
B.T.T.B
2726
20042005
(1700)
Post
and
Telecommunication
B.T.T.B
2715
20042005
(2057)
Post
and
Telecommunication
B.T.T.B
1819
20042005
(1220)
14
14
15
16
17
18
19
Collecting and
Establish
Automatic Letter
Sorting machine
For Bangladesh
Post Division
Establishment of
a Computer
Institute in Feni
District
Establishment 0f
Science &
Technology
University in 12
district (where
there is no
University)
Computerization
of the
Examination
System of
Bangladesh
Technical
Education
Introducing
Computer
Science Course in
Class Nine in
Selected High
School
Engineering Stuff
College,
Bangladesh
Expanding and
greater
development of
Banglade
sh
Post
Office
Post
and
Telecommunication
2820
20042005
Departme
nt
of
Vocation
al
Educatio
n
------------
Education
2414
20042005
Universit
y Grant
Commiss
ion (UGC)
--------
Education
9057
20042005
Ministry
of
Educatio
n
-------
Education
393
20042005
Education
5308
20042005
994
20042005
Education
39495
(14018)
20042005
Ministry
of
Educatio
n
Public
Work
Departme
nt
Universit
y Grants
Commiss
20
21
22
23
24
25
Chittagong,
Khulna, Rajshahi
and Dhaka BTI.
Greater
Development of
University Grants
Commission and
University
Resource Center
Establish the
infrastructure of
Military Institute
of Science and
Technology in
Mirpur
Cantonment
MIS Health and
Services and
Personnel
Information,
Education and
Communication
(F P)
MIS Health and
Services and
Personnel (F P)
Introducing
Modern DVD
Technology in
Film and
Publication
department
Introducing
Digital technology
in BFDC
Establishment of
technology
Expansion Cell
26
27
28
Development of
Invented/prepare
d Projects by
Young Scientist
Permanent
Storage Project of
Rare District
records of
ion
Universit
y Grants
Commiss
ion
Education
508
20042005
Banglade
sh Army
Headquar
ter
Defense
3500
20042005
Health
and
Nutrition
Health and
Welfare
Family
2256
20042005
Family
Planning
Health and
Welfare
Family
3040
20042005
Family
Planning
Health and
Welfare
Family
955
20042005
Film and
Publicati
on
Departme
nt
Information
1279
20042005
Information
1961
20042005
446
20042005
150
20042005
68
20042005
Banglade
sh Film
Developm
ent
Corporati
on
Ministry
of
Science
and
Informati
on
&
Commun
ication
Technolo
gy
National
Science
and
Technolo
gy
Museum
Departme
nt
of
National
Archive &
--------
Science
Information
Communication
Technology
and
&
Science
Information
Communication
Technology
and
&
Cultural Affairs
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
National Archive
through
Computerization
Strengthen the
Computer
Training Centre
of Department of
Women Affairs
and
Establishment of
Computer unit in
District level.
Establishment of
Computer
Network in Local
Government
Division
Development of
Information &
Communication
Technology
System of Prime
Ministers Office
Strengthen the
Bangladesh
Computer
Council
Library
Departme
nt
of
Women
Affairs
----------
543
20052006
Local
Governm
ent
Division
--------
LGRD
163
20042005
----------
Science and
Information &
Communication
Technology
296
(15)
20042005
-----
Science and
Information &
Communication
Technology
2329
20042005
----------
Science
Information
Communication
Technology
1392
20042005
8316
(100)
Prime
Ministers
Office
Banglade
sh
Compute
r Council
(B.C.C)
Development of
Infrastructure for
IT Application in
Bangladesh
Banglade
sh
Compute
r Council
(B.C.C)
Support to ICT
Task
Force
Program
Ministry
of
Planning
------
Science and
Information &
Communication
Technology
Departme
nt
of
Patent,
Design &
Trade
Mark
E.U
Industries
425
(375)
20042005
Ministry
of Post &
Telecom
municati
on
I.D.A
Post
&
Telecommunication
2296
(1785)
20042005
Departme
nt
of
Banglade
sh
Statistics
JICA
Planning
2249
(2100)
20042005
and
&
20042005
38
39
40
41
42
City
Strengthening the
Regularity
Capacity of
BTRC.
Computerization
of Project
Account Manual,
Development of
Asset
Management &
Reforming Project
Audit
Methodology
Strengthening the
ICT Capacity of
the Prime
Ministers Office
Bangladesh
Korea Institute of
Information &
Communication
Technology
Assistance to
SICT for
Strengthening
Planning Division
, ERD,IMED
Trough ICT
Pre-Paid Metering
Pilot Skim
43
44
45
Computer
Training Project
for Women on
District basis (10
centers)
Computerization
of the Office of
Register Joint
Stock Companies
& Firms
B.T.R.C
I.D.A
Post
&
Telecommunication
5825
(3610)
Finance
Division
------
Establishment
290
20042005
Prime
Ministers
Office
UNDP
Prime
Office
99
(99)
20052006
KOIKA
Science and
Information &
Communication
Technology
Planning
Division
UNDP
Science
Information
Communication
Technology
Banglade
sh Power
developm
ent
Board
D.R.G.A
National
Women
Organizat
ion
Banglade
sh
Compute
r Council
(B.C.C)
Ministers
901
(580)
and
&
20042005
20052006
1520
20052006
3383
(2565)
20052006
------
Science and
Information &
Communication
Technology
257
20052006
Commerc
e
Ministry
Australia
Commerce
452
20052006
B.T.R.C
UNDP
Post
and
Telecommunication
245
20052006
Science and
Information &
82
20052006
46
Strengthening the
Institutional
Capacity of
BTRC.
47
Development of
Small Business
Science
and
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
Informati
on &
Commun
ication
Strengthen the
Agricultural
Information
System
Agricultu
ral
Informati
on
Service
-------
Agriculture
1500
20062007
Departme
nt
of
Textile
------
Industries
90
20062007
Ministry
of Health
& Family
Welfare
I.D.A,
U.N.F.P.A
Health and
Welfare
11176
(2040)
20062007
Departme
nt
of
Forestry
F.A.O
Agriculture
270
(91)
20062007
Water
Resource
Planning
Organizat
ion
(WRPO)
Canadian
CIDA
Water Resources
1723
(1440)
20062007
Banglade
sh
Statistics
Bureau
U.N.F.P.A
581
(14)
20062007
I.D.A
Establishment
76
(47)
20062007
------
Home
2700
20062007
UNFPA
581
(14)
20062007
I.R.D
I.D.A
Finance
2476
(1845)
20062007
Parliame
Denmark
Parliament
7762
2006-
Survey of
Bangladesh
Textile Industries
to Update
Database/MIS &
Asses the
Requirement of
Textile
Technologist of
Different Level
Information,
Education &
Communication
Strengthening
Capacity to
Generate
Information on
Forest Resources
Environmental
Monitoring
Information
Network for
Water Resources
Strengthening
Capacity of BBS
in Data Collection
& Analysis Using
GIS Maps
Electronic
Government
Procurement (eGP) Readiness
Assessment &
Implementation
Plan
Computerization
of Police Stations
Strengthening
Capacity of BBS
in Data Collection
and Analysis
using GIS Maps
Modernization
and Automation
Project of NBR
Strengthening the
Impleme
ntation
Monitor
&
Evaluatio
n
Division
Departme
nt
of
Police
Banglade
sh
Statistics
Bureau
Communication
Technology
Family
Strengthening the
BANSDOC
nt
Secretari
at
BANSDO
C
, DFID,
Netherlan
ds, UNDP
-------
Secretariat
(4992)
2007
MOSICT
784
(9)
20062007
Customers can buy mobile pre-paid card through using the mobile phone
Customers can open L/C using internet banking.
Customers can transfer the fund using internet banking.
The rate of foreign exchange will be provided to customers.
Annex: 6 Questionanire
e-Government Survey for Citizens
Access To Information (A2I) Programme, BGD/06/005
Chief Advisers Office, Tejgaon, Dhaka
This survey is designed to scan the status of e-Governance in Bangladesh that
would provide a general idea about the role of your organisation regarding eGovernance.
Name
Age
Gender
Occupation
Address
Area
Tel
Email
ACCESS
1.
2.
3.
4.
a. _______________________________________________________________
__
b. _______________________________________________________________
__
c. _______________________________________________________________
__
d. _________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________
5. How much money do you spend to use the phone every month?
.
6. Are you happy with the pricing of the phone service? Yes
No
7. If no, what should be pricing policy?
.
8. Do you have access to a computer? Yes
No
9. Where is the computer located?
#times/month
b. _________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________
d. _________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________
20. What type of programs would you like to see more? Please Rank them.
a. _________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________
d. _________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________
Do you listen to radio? Yes
No
Where do you listen to it?
How many hours/week do you listen to radio? ..
What are your favourite stations?
25. What are your favourite radio programs? Please Rank them.
f. _________________________________________________________________
21.
22.
23.
24.
g. _________________________________________________________________
h. _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
j.
_________________________________________________________________
26. What type of programs would you like to listen to more? Please Rank them.
f. _________________________________________________________________
g. _________________________________________________________________
h. _________________________________________________________________
i.
_________________________________________________________________
j.
_________________________________________________________________
SERVICES
1. What are the important services your take from the Government? Please
Rank them. What is the average time required to get a service?
Rank
What is the average cost spent in obtaining the service including
transportation cost?
a. ________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________
_
c. ________________________________________________________________
_
d. _________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________
2. What problem do you face in getting services or information from the Govt.?
a. _________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________
d. _________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________
3. What would you suggest as possible measures to address these problems?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Time
Cost
eqm
gwnjv/
cyil
ckvv
wVKvbv
GjvKv
dvb/
gBj
wkvMZ hvMZv:
gvwmK Avq:
3000 Gi wbP
3000-6000
6000-10000
10,000-15000
15,000-20,000
20,000-30,0000
30,000-45,0000 45,000-80,000
80 nvi Gi Ici
GKmm:
1. Avcwb wK jvdvb/gvevBj dvb eenvi Kib?
nuv
bv
2. gveBj dvbwU wK Avcbvi wbRi? bv nj Gi Aevb Kv_vq? KZ`~i?
.............................................................................................
3. gveBj dvb Avcwb wK KvR eenvi Kib? gvYymvi gvevBj dvbi eenvi Ges cwZgvm eenvii Mo LiP
DjL Kib|
bs
K
L
M
N
O
K. ..............................................................................
L. ..............................................................................
M. ..............................................................................
N. ..............................................................................
O. ..............................................................................
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
KwDUvi
UvKv/gvm
B-
BUvibU
webv`b
wnmve wbKvk
covkvbv
eemvwqK KvR
..................
...................
....................
....................
evDwRs
B-gBj
PvwUs
eemvwqK KvR
..................
..................
..................
...
...................
bvUK
....................
UK kv
....................
Mvbi Abyvb
...................
bvP
..................
webv`bg~jK
..................
Kwl wfxK
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
...............
................
................
................
................
...............
mevmg~n:
1. miKvix Kvb iZc~Y mevwj Avcwb bb? cQ`i gvbymvi wjLyb| cwZwU mev cZ Mo KZ mgq jvM? hvMvhvM
eqmn cwZwU mev cZ AvcbvK Mo KZ LiP KiZ nq?
g mev
mgq
LiP
v
K
v
i
x
i
^
v
i
2. miKvix Z_ ev mev cZ AvcbvK wK wK mgmvi
myLxb nZ nq?
v
K
v
i
x
i
^
v
ZvwiL : ...............
ge:
m
m
g
g
x
v
K
v
i
x
i
Designation
2. What are the computers used for? Check all that apply.
a. Administrative work
b. Training
c. Providing information to public
d. Email
e. Internet browsing
f. Other
Explain .. ...
3. Do you have any existing LAN?
Yes
No
4. Do you have any internet connection?
Yes
No
5. What kind of connection do you have?
Broadband Dial Up
6. Do you have any mail domain?
Yes
No
7. Domain Name
No. of Staffs ..
Yes
No
Yes
No
_______________________________
e-GOVERNANCE
1.
Below are some of the goals of e-Government. How much progress do you think
your organisation has made towards attaining each goal?
A lot of
progress
A fair
amount
of
progress
A little
progress
Not much
progress
No
Progress
Somewhat
Neutral
Somewhat
Very negative
positive
negative
3. What services do you feel people have the most problems with? Please Rank
them.
f. _________________________________________________________________
g. _________________________________________________________________
h. _________________________________________________________________
i.
_________________________________________________________________
j.
_________________________________________________________________
g. Print media
h. Electronic media (TV, radio, etc.)
7. Of the factors below, which of them are hampering your organisation's ability to
deliver services through e-governance?
Not at all
A little
Somewhat
Quite a lot
Greatly
8. Do you think change in the mind set of employees is important for effective
implementation of e-Government in your office? Yes
No
9. If YES, what is your suggestion for the best enhancement of the employees
mind set toward e-Government:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
10. If you would like to make any further comments, please do so below or attach a
separate sheet. Your comments will be greatly appreciated.
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Signature of Authority
Date:
: ........................................................
: .......................................................
2. wK wK KvR KwDUvi eenvi Kiv nq? (mve cQ`i cvk wUK wP w`b)
K. ckvmwbK KvR
L. cwkY
M. RbMYK Z_ c`vb
N. B-gBj Av`vb c`vb
P. BUvibU eenvi
Q. Abvb KvR
weeiY: ...........................................................................................
3. eZgvb Avcbvi wK Kvb LAN mshvM iqQ?
nuv
bv
nuv
bv
eWe
Wvqvj Avc
nuv
bv
nuv
bv
wbP B-MfgUi wKQy j `Iqv AvQ| GB jwj ARbi w`K Giga Avcbvi cwZvb KZ`~i GwMqQ ej Avcwb
gb Kib?
mevwaK
DbwZ
mvaviY
DbwZ
mvgvb
DbwZ
mvgvb
gvUvgywU
ewk
AbK ewk
K. AeKvVvgvMZ NvUwZ
L. DPMwZi BUvibUi Afve
M. RbMYi BUvibU Kg mshyw
N. RbMYi wekl Ki wPwZ
RbmvaviYi KwDUvi vbi Afve
O. Dchy cwkYi Afve
P. Achv iYveY
Q. we`yr NvUwZ
R. evsjv KwDwUsqi Afve
S. cwieZb fxwZ
8. Avcwb wK gb Kib Avcbvi Awdm Kgx`i gvbwmK Aevi cwieZbi Rb B-MfgU cqvRb?
nuv
bv
9. nuv nj, Kgx`i gvbwmKZv B-MfgUi cwZ AviI BwZevPK Kivi Rb Avcbvi civgk wK?
...........................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................
........................................................................................................................
10. hw` Avcwb AviI Kvb civgk w`Z Pvb, AbyMn Ki c_K KvMR Zv mshy Kib|
Avcbvi civgk mv`i weePbv
Kiv ne|
...........................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................
........................................................................................................................
KZci ^vi
ZvwiL:
Designation
20. What are the computers used for? Check all that apply.
a. Administrative work
b. Training
c. Providing information to public
d. Email
e. Internet browsing
f. Other
Explain .. ...
21. Do you have any existing LAN?
Yes
No
22. Do you have any internet connection?
Yes
No
23. What kind of connection do you have?
Broadband Dial Up
24. Do you have any mail domain?
Yes
No
25. Domain Name
No. of Staffs ..
Yes
No
Yes
No
_______________________________
e-GOVERNANCE
1.
Below are some of the goals of e-Government. How much progress do you think
your organisation will make towards attaining each goal?
A lot of
progress
A fair
amount
of
progress
A little
progress
Not much
progress
No
Progress
11. Overall, would you say that e-Government will have a positive or negative effect
on the way that your organisation operates?
Very positive
Somewhat
Neutral
Somewhat
Very negative
positive
negative
12. What services do you feel people have the most problems with? Please Rank
them.
k. _________________________________________________________________
l.
_________________________________________________________________
m. _________________________________________________________________
n. _________________________________________________________________
o. _________________________________________________________________
13. What would you suggest as possible measures to address these problems?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
14. How do you think ICT (computer, internet, mobile phone, TV, radio) could help
in addressing these problems?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
15. Prioritize the following channels of information delivery as you feel best to use
for this country.
i.
Internet
j.
k. Print media
l.
16. Of the factors below, which of them are hampering your organisation's ability to
deliver services through e-governance?
j) Lack of
Not at all
A little
Somewhat
Quite a lot
Greatly
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
infrastructur
e
Lack of high
speed
internet
connection
Citizen's lack
of access to
internet
resources
Citizen's lack
of computer
literacy,
particularly
in target
populations
Lack of
adequate
training
Insufficient
maintenance
Power failure
Lack of
Bangla
computing
Fear of
change
17. Do you think change in the mind set of employees is important for effective
implementation of e-Government in your office? Yes
No
18. If YES, what is your suggestion for the best enhancement of the employees
mind set toward e-Government:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
19. If you would like to make any further comments, please do so below or attach a
separate sheet. Your comments will be greatly appreciated.
_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Signature of Authority
Date:
: ........................................................
: .......................................................
.............................
20. wK wK KvR KwDUvi eenvi Kiv nq? (mve cQ`i cvk wUK wP w`b)
K. ckvmwbK KvR
L. cwkY
M. RbMYK Z_ c`vb
N. B-gBj Av`vb c`vb
P. BUvibU eenvi
Q. Abvb KvR
weeiY: ...........................................................................................
21. eZgvb Avcbvi wK Kvb LAN mshvM iqQ?
nuv
bv
nuv
bv
eWe
Wvqvj Avc
nuv
bv
mvaviY
DbwZ
mvgvb
DbwZ
mvgvb
gvUvgywU
ewk
AbK ewk
K. AeKvVvgvMZ NvUwZ
L. DPMwZi BUvibUi Afve
M. RbMYi BUvibU Kg mshyw
N. RbMYi wekl Ki wPwZ
RbmvaviYi KwDUvi vbi Afve
O. Dchy cwkYi Afve
P. Achv iYveY
Q. we`yr NvUwZ
R. evsjv KwDwUsqi Afve
S. cwieZb fxwZ
18. Avcwb wK gb Kib Avcbvi Awdm Kgx`i gvbwmK Aevi cwieZbi Rb B-MfgU cqvRb?
nuv
bv
19. nuv nj, Kgx`i gvbwmKZv B-MfgUi cwZ AviI BwZevPK Kivi Rb Avcbvi civgk wK?
...........................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................
........................................................................................................................
20. hw` Avcwb AviI Kvb civgk w`Z Pvb, AbyMn Ki c_K KvMR Zv mshy Kib|
Avcbvi civgk mv`i weePbv
Kiv ne|
...........................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................
........................................................................................................................
KZci ^vi
ZvwiL:..............
(d)
e-Government Survey
for
UP Office
Chief Advisers Office, Tejgaon, Dhaka
This survey is designed to scan the status of e-Government in Bangladesh that would
provide a general idea about the role of your organisation regarding e-Government.
Full Name
Designation
38. What are the computers used for? Check all that apply.
a. Administrative work
b. Training
c. Providing information to public
d. Email
e. Internet browsing
f. Other
Explain .. ...
39. Do you have any internet connection?
Yes
No
40. What kind of connection do you have?
Broadband Dial Up
41. Do you have any organizational database?
Yes
No
A lot of
Progress
A fair
amount
of
progress
A little
progress
Not much
progress
No
Progress
20. Overall, would you say that e-Government will have a positive or negative effect
on the way that your organisation operates?
Very positive
Somewhat
Neutral
Somewhat
Very negative
positive
negative
21. What services do you feel people have the most problems with? Please Rank
them.
p. _________________________________________________________________
q. _________________________________________________________________
r. _________________________________________________________________
s. _________________________________________________________________
t.
_________________________________________________________________
22. What would you suggest as possible measures to address these problems?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Not at all
A little
Somewhat
Quite a lot
Greatly
26. Do you think change in the mind set of employees is important for effective
implementation of e-Government in your office? Yes
No
27. If YES, what is your suggestion for the best enhancement of the employees
mind set toward e-Government:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
28. If you would like to make any further comments, please do so below or attach a
separate sheet. Your comments will be greatly appreciated.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Signature of Authority
Date:
bv
Wvqvj Avc
mvgvb
gvUvgywU
ewk
AbK
ewk
K. AeKvVvgvMZ NvUwZ
L. DPMwZi BUvibUi Afve
M. RbMYi BUvibU Kg mshyw
N. RbMYi wekl Ki wPwZ
RbmvaviYi KwDUvi vbi Afve
O. Dchy cwkYi Afve
P. Achv iYveY
Q. we`yr NvUwZ
R. evsjv KwDwUsqi Afve
S. cwieZb fxwZ
28. Avcwb wK gb Kib Avcbvi Awdm Kgx`i gvbwmK Aevi cwieZbi Rb B-MfgU cqvRb?
nuv
bv
29. nuv nj, Kgx`i gvbwmKZv B-MfgUi cwZ AviI BwZevPK Kivi Rb Avcbvi civgk wK?
(hw` Avcwb AviI Kvb civgk w`Z Pvb, AbyMn Ki c_K KvMR Zv mshy Kib|
Kiv ne|)
mgxvKvixi ^vi
ZvwiL:..............
ge:
Designation
Organization Name
Address
GENERAL INFORMATION
27. What is the objective of your organization?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28. Who are your target audiences?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------STATUS OF INFRASTRUCTURAL SUPPORT
45. How many computers do you have in your office?
46. What are the computers used for? Check all that apply.
a. Administrative work
b. Training
c. Providing information to public
d. Email
e. Internet browsing
f. Other
Explain .. ...
47. Do you have any internet connection?
Yes
No
48. What kind of connection do you have?
Broadband Dial
Up
Tel
Fax
Email
website
SERVICE DELIVERY
6. What are the important services your organisation provides to citizens?
Please rank them. Which of these services is dependant on service or
information from the Government?
Rank Dependent?
a. _______________________________________________________________
__
b. _______________________________________________________________
__
c. _______________________________________________________________
__
d. _________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________
7. What are the important services your organisation often takes from the
Government?
Rank
Please Rank them. What is the average time required to get a
service? What is the
average cost spent in obtaining the service including
transportation cost?
f.
________________________________________________________________
g. ________________________________________________________________
_
h. ________________________________________________________________
_
i.
_________________________________________________________________
j.
_________________________________________________________________
8. What service or support from the Govt. do you most need for your
operational efficiency?
Please Rank them.
u. _________________________________________________________________
v. _________________________________________________________________
w. _________________________________________________________________
x. _________________________________________________________________
y. _________________________________________________________________
9. What problem do you face in getting services or information from the
Govt.?
f. _________________________________________________________________
Time
Cost
_________________________________________________________________
j.
_________________________________________________________________
Date:
(f)
A Baseline Survey on Free and Open Source
Software (FOSS) in Bangladesh: Knowledge, Awareness, and Usage
Questionnaires for Individuals
e-Gove Cell of Chief Advisors Office would like to invite you to participate in a
quick survey on Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) which is currently
undertaking among the citizen of Bangladesh to identify and explore the
opportunity of FOSS.
We would appreciate your kind effort.
Section 1: Background Information
1. Name ____________________________ 2. Occupation ____________________
3. Institution/Organization
____________________________________________
a Male
b Female
_______________.
10. If yes, how did you come to know about FOSS? (Tick all that apply)
a Newspaper
d Television
g Radio
j FOSS community
b Internet
e Conference/workshop
h Friends
k During studies
c Magazine/journals
f Work colleagues
i Academics
l Training
No
b. Apache
Yes
No
c. OpenOffice.org
Yes
No
d. Mozilla Firefox
Yes
No
e. MySQL/PostgreSQL
Yes
No
15. Who provides support for FOSS products that you use? (Tick all that
apply)
1 In house staff
2 Software company/paid
supplier
3 FOSS newsgroup
4 Websites
5 Friends/relatives
6 Self
7 other, please specify ..
16. Have you undergone any training on FOSS products?
1 Yes.
2 No
17. How much important the followings are for open source software:
Criteria
3 medium
19. What are your most important sources of information on FOSS? (Tick
all that apply)
a Newspaper
b Internet
c
Magazine/journals d Television
e Conference/workshop
f Work colleagues
g Radio
h Friends
i
Academics
j FOSS community
k During studies
l Training
m Other, please specify____________
20. Have you benefited by using FOSS?
Yes
No
If Yes, then how --a. reduce costing
b. Better security
c. easy to develop/ customize
d. Other, Please Specify ____________
21. Have you faced any problem while using FOSS?
No
_______________________________________
3. Organization _______________________________________
4. Email _____________________________
5. Phone _____________________________ 6. Fax ___________
7. Website address______________________________________________
8. Gender
a Male
b Female
9. Age
10. What is the category that best fits your organization? Please specify its
main services (see additional notes for this)?
1 Government and Public Sector __________________________
2 Regional Organization _________________________________
3 Private Sector ________________________________________
4 Civil Society_________________________________________
5 Other, please specify__________________________________
11. How would you best categorize your organization?
a.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Number of employees
not more than 5 persons
6-20 persons
21-100
more than 100 persons
c.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2 No
99 NR
19. Is your organization using Open Source Software, e.g. Linux, Apache,
mySQL
1 Currently using
2 Used before but not using now. Why?
___________________________________________________
3 Planning to use within the next 3-5 years
4 Not using now, thinking of using in future but not decided yet
5 Not using now and have no plans to use in future 90 Dont know 99 NR
20. While using FOSS did your organization
a. Modify the software to our needs
Yes No
b. Redistribute the software freely after modifications
Yes No
c. Seek assistance in installation and maintenance
Yes No
d. Encounter major difficulties in using
Yes No
e. Reported bugs to online community
Yes No
21. What proportion of software used in your organization is available
under
1 open source license, No. of packages_____________ and No. of copies
__________________
2 proprietary license, No. of packages_____________ and No. of copies
__________________
90 Dont know 99 NR
22. In your organization, please describe the process of how it was decided
to use particular software?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
23. The following selection of Proprietary and FOSS software packages.
Please indicate whether you are aware of each package or have used each
one and the reasons for doing so. (Tick all that apply)
a. Linux
Yes
No
Using Reasons
b. Apache
Yes
No
2 high
90 dont know
3 medium
99 NR
4 low
27. Now I have some questions on the general use of FOSS in your
company. They are not related to any specific IT area. In the following, I
will present a number of statements to you. Please, tell me for each
statement how much it applies to your company. For your answer, you can
use the following range:
1=totally agree 2=somewhat agree 3=neither nor 4=somewhat disagree
5=totally disagree 90=dont know 99=no answer
1. FOSS is used because people want to be more independent from the pricing
and licensing policies of the big software companies.
Inter-operability
Identification of relevant software
Managing in-house projects
Maintenance & support for troubleshoot
Compatibility with other users, particularly external users
Modification of source code
Skilled personnel in FOSS
Section 4: Participation and Contribution to FOSS community (for nonusers skip this section)
30. What would best describe your level of involvement in open source
software?
1 Use open source software, but do not participate in development to any
extent.
2 Indirect contribution to open source software development, e.g. filing bug
reports, project administration on a moderate scale.
3 Contributing directly to the development work of open source software
projects (including documentation) on a significant scale.
90 dont know 99 no answer
31. If answered 2, 3 to the above questions, please state it
1 Yes, please state these collaborations
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2 No
90 dont know
99 NR
32. What have been your greatest concerns for FOSS development?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Section 5: Potential Usage of FOSS
33. Who is responsible for making software purchasing decisions? (Tick all
that apply)
1 The CEO
2 IT Manager
4 Personally as its for personal use
34. How much flexibility do individuals have in using FOSS within the
organization?________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
35. Do you look to any outside bodies for guidance on what software to
purchase?
1 Yes, who is responsible for doing this research?
_______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
2 No, please explain how the decision is made?
_____________________________________________
90 dont know 99 NR
36. Any additional comments?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
__________
Thanks
8. Do you think people are benefited after completing these courses? If yes,
please explain.
9.
Which courses should be given preference for job market? How do you
cope with the job market?
10. What is the overall standard of training centers in Bangladesh? How can
we improve the standard? How can government help you in this regard?
Your opinion.
11. How do your trainees perform in the job market? In which categories of
jobs they usually get into?
6.
Why have you enrolled for this training? What is your expectation after
completing this training?
7. What are the courses that should be given preference to improve skills for
job/ better job?
8. Do you think that people are doing well after completing these kinds of
training?
10. What is your opinion about the current standard of training centers?
Annex -7
List of Tables
Table: 1.1 Bangladesh Data Sheet
Table: 1.2 Bangladesh at a glance
Table: 1.3 Key economic ratios and long term trends
Table: 1.4 Structure of the Economy
Table: 1.5 Rank Status
Table: 4.1 Different Data Service Provider by BTTB
Table 4.2: Monthly Cost for 2Mbps connection in different countries (Core toISP)
Table 4.3: Monthly cost for 256 kbs data link in different countries (ISP to End
user)
Table 5.1: Alternatives of Proprietary Software on FOSS)
Annex -8
Lists of Figures
Fig: 2. 1usages of Mobile Phone (on the basis of Expenditure)
Fig: 2.2 Expected Call rate of Mobile Phone
Fig: 2.3Use of Computer in Different Purposes
Fig: 2.4Status of Different TV Programs
Fig: 4.1 Ratio of share in PSTN Market
Fig: 4.2Total Mobile Phone Subscriber
Fig: 4.3Tele density (in Mobile Phone)
Fig 4.4: SEA-ME-WE-4 Sub Marine Cable
Fig: 4.5 Status of installed capacity comparison in respect to fuel
Fig: 4.6 Total Budget in ICT sector
Fig: 4.7 proposed budget in Infrastructure build up
Fig: 4.8 Status of Bangla interface
Fig: 4.9 Number of updated information
Fig: 4.10 Number of Bangla interface
Fig: 4.11 Number of Form Download
Fig: 4.12 Status of online banking
Fig: 4.13 Usages of ATM card
Fig: 4.14 Domestic ICT market in Bangladesh
Fig: 4.15 Software & ITES Export and import
Fig: 4.16 Technical Job Distribution surveyed software companies
Fig 5.1: Importance of open source in software industry
Fig 5.2: Importance of different features to popularize open source software
Fig 5.3: Usages of different open source software
Mr. A.A Munir Hasan, PIS, A2I Programme, Chief Advisers Office
Principal Investigator
Ms. Mirza Afreen Fatima Lusha, Jr. Consultant, A2I Programme, Chief
Advisers Office
Assistant Investigator
Mr.
Md.
Jabed
Morshed
Chowdhury,
Research
Assistant,
A2I
Mr. Mohammad Rafiqul Islam Khan, Director -15, A2I Programme, Chief
Advisers Office
Mr. Kazi Md. Khalid Hossain, Research Assistant, A2I Programme, Chief
Advisers Office
Field Researchers
Supervisor
Surveyors