HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SCIENCE YEAR 9SEPT 2014

1.

The diagram shows a volcano erupting.

(a)

Look at the diagram. Give the letter which labels:

(i)

magma;

(ii)

............
(b)

liquid lava

(iii)

............

old solid rock

............

When magma and lava cool, they form a hard crystalline rock.
What is the name of this type of rock? Tick the correct box.

igneous rock

(c)

metamorphic rock

sedimentary rock

The changes listed below take place when a volcano erupts. Which one of these changes
could be reversed? Tick the correct box.

Old rock is heated to form a different rock.

Sulphur burns to form sulphur dioxide.

Water is heated to form water vapour.

(d)

Ash from a volcano dropped into a lake. All the fish in the lake were killed and buried
under the ash in the mud at the bottom of the lake. The photograph below shows the
remains of a fish millions of years later.

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SCIENCE YEAR 9SEPT 2014

(i)

The photograph shows the body parts which supported the fish.
Give the name of these body parts.
.............................................................................................................

(ii)

Give the name for animal and plant remains that are found in a rock after millions of
years.
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2.

A statue outside a zoo was made from two types of rock. The panda was made of granite.
The base was made of limestone. The drawings show the statue as it was in 1936 and in 2006.

(a)

The surface of the limestone base has changed over the years.
(i)

(ii)

Which process caused this change?

Tick the correct box.
evaporating

melting

reflecting

weathering

The surface of the panda made of granite has not changed.

Suggest why granite does not change in the same way as limestone.
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(b)

Acid rain can be formed when fossil fuels burn.

(i)

Give the name of one fossil fuel.

.............................................................

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SCIENCE YEAR 9SEPT 2014

(ii)

(iii)

What is true about all fossil fuels?

Tick the correct box.
All fossil fuels are a source of energy.

All fossil fuels are black.

All fossil fuels are liquid.

All fossil fuels take less

than 50 years to form.

Acid rain has changed the surface of the metal letters on the statue.
Which word describes the effect of acid rain on a metal?
Tick the correct box.

(iv)

corrosion

friction

magnetism

vibration

What could the zoo owner put on the metal letters to protect them from acid rain?
.............................................................

3.

(a)

Over many years, cliffs may be affected by weathering.

Describe one effect of weathering on a cliff.
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................

(b)

The photograph shows a piece of sandstone.

(i)

The sandstone in the photograph contains a fossil. What is a fossil?

.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

(ii)

What group of rocks does sandstone belong to?

..........................................................

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SCIENCE YEAR 9SEPT 2014

(c)

Granite and basalt are igneous rocks. They contain crystals but no fossils.
(i)

How are igneous rocks formed?

.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

(ii)

Explain why igneous rocks do not contain fossils.

.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

(iii) Granite takes much longer to form than basalt.

How will the size of the crystals in granite be different from the size of the crystals in
basalt?
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
4.

The drawings below show three healthy young plants.

The drawings below show the three plants after two weeks.

A
(a)

(i)

Plant B did not have enough light.

How can you tell this from the drawing?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SCIENCE YEAR 9SEPT 2014

(ii)

Plant C did not have enough water.

How can you tell this from the drawing?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................

(b)

The drawing below shows a root hair cell.

Give two substances that root hair cells absorb from the soil.
1. .............................................................
2. .............................................................
5.

(a)

The diagram shows a group of cells from the lining of the mouth.

(i)

Give the name and function of part P.

name of part P
.............................................................................................................
function of part P
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

(ii)

Which word describes this group of cells?

Tick the correct box.
compound

(b)

organism

organ

The diagram below shows muscle cells from the wall of the human intestine.

tissue

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SCIENCE YEAR 9SEPT 2014

(i)

Muscle cells can contract.

Give one reason why muscles are needed in the intestine.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

(ii)

Other cells in the intestine produce enzymes.

What effect do enzymes in the intestine have on nutrients such as protein?
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

4.

A father makes a simple mobile for his young son. He uses plastic animals as shown below.

(a)

(i)

The elephant weighs 0.2 N.

What is the turning moment produced by the elephant about point X?
Give the unit.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

(ii)

What is the turning moment produced by the monkey about point X?

.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................

(iii) What is the weight of the monkey?

............. N

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK SCIENCE YEAR 9SEPT 2014

(b)

What is the size of the tension (force) in string A?

............. N