Section A Pass Year Questions

1. Figure below shows part of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

Q, R, T, X and Y do not represent the actual symbol of the elements.

(a) Using the letters in the Periodic Table of the Elements in Figure above, answer the
following questions.
You may use the Periodic Table of the Elements.
(i) Choose an element that is a halogen.
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[1 mark]
(ii) Which element is monoatomic?
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[1 mark]
(iii) Which element forms an amphoteric oxide?
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[1 mark]
(b)Arrange Q, R, T, X and Y according to the increase in size of the atoms.
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[1 mark]
(c) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of element Q..
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[1 mark]
(d)Write the formula for the ion formed from an atom of element Y.
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[1 mark]
(e) Why are elements Q and R placed in the same period?
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[1 mark]
(f) When a small piece of element T is put into water, TOH solution is formed and hydrogen
gas is released.
State one observation when red litmus paper is put into the solution.
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[1 mark]
(g)State the common name of the elements between group 2 and group 13.
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[1 mark]

2 Table below shows a group of elements.

(a) In which group of the Periodic Table are these elements located?
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[1 mark]
(b) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of fluorine.
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[1 mark]
(c) Fluorine atoms are smaller than chlorine atoms.
Explain why fluorine forms a negative ion more easily than chlorine.
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[2 marks]
(d) State the type of chemical bond in an iodine molecule.
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[1 mark]
(e) Chlorine reacts with sodium to form a compound.
(i) State the type of chemical bond in this compound.
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[1 mark]
(ii) Draw a diagram to show the electron arrangement in this compound.
[Proton number of Na = 11]

[2 marks]
3. Diagram below shows the standard representation for the atoms of two elements, lithium and
oxygen.

Diagram
Rajah
(a) What is represented by the number 7 in

7
3Li?

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[1 mark]
(b) (i) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of:
Lithium
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Oxygen
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[2 marks]
(ii) Compare the size of the lithium atom with the oxygen atom.
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[1 mark]

(c) Complete Table below to show the position of oxygen in the Periodic Table.

[1 mark]
(d) Lithium reacts with oxygen to form a compound, lithium oxide with the formula, Li2O.
(i) Write the formulae of all the ions in lithium oxide.
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[1 mark]

4. Diagram below shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Based on Diagram above:

(a) (i) Name one element which is a metal.
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[1 mark]
(ii) Which group and period is the metal in (a)(i) found in?
Group:

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Period:

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[1 mark]
(b) (i) Name the element that exists as monoatomic gas.
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[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why this gas is monoatomic.
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[2 marks]

(c) Sodium reacts with oxygen gas to form sodium oxide, Na2O.
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
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[2 marks]
(ii) Sodium oxide reacts with water to produce a solution.
In Table below, mark ( ) in the box which shows the value of pH of the solution.

[1 mark]
(d) State which is more electronegative, sodium or chlorine.
Explain your answer.
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[2 marks]
5. Diagram shows the symbols of the atoms of elements U, V and W.
The letters used are not the actual symbols of the elements.

(a) U and V are Group 1 elements in the Periodic Table.

(i) State the number of valence electrons in the atoms of element U.
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[1 mark]
(ii) What is the physical state of U at room conditions?
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[1 mark]
(b) Going down Group 1, the reactivity of the elements increases. U and V react with water to
produce metal hydroxide solution and hydrogen gas.
(i) Which element, U or V, reacts more vigorously with water?
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[1 mark]
(ii) Based on the answer in (b)(i), write the chemical equation for the reaction.
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[2 marks]
(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement for the atoms of element W.
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[1 mark]
(ii) Identify the period for the atoms of element W.
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[1 mark]
5

(iii) Give one reason for the answer in (c)(ii).

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[1 mark]
(d) V and W are placed in the same period in the Periodic Table.
(i) Which element, V or W, has the smaller atomic size?
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[1 mark]
(ii) State one reason for the answer in (d)(i).
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[1 mark]
6. Diagram below shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Based on diagram above:

(a) What is the basic principle used in arranging the elements in the Periodic Table of
Elements?
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[1 mark]
(b) State two elements that are placed in the same period.
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[1 mark]
(c) Write the electron arrangement for chlorine atom.
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[1 mark]
(d) Molecular size of chlorine is smaller than the molecular size of bromine. Explain why the
melting and boiling points of bromine is higher than chlorine.
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[2 marks]

(e) Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide..

(i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen.
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[2 marks]
(ii) State the colour of magnesium oxide.
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[1 mark]
(f) Table below shows information on metal X and metal Y.
Metal X
React with chlorine to form
a white solid, XC1

Metal Y
React with chlorine to form a green
solid, YC12 or brown solid, YC13

Based on table above, identify the transition element and give a reason for your answer.
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[2 marks]
7. Diagram below shows the symbols of the atoms of element X and element Y. Use
The letters used are not the actual symbols of the elements.

Diagram
Rajah
(a) State the proton number of the atom of element X.
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[1 mark]
(b) (i) Identify the position of element X in the Periodic Table of Elements.
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[1 mark]
ii) Explain why element X is placed at the position identified in (b)(i).
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[1 mark]
(c) (i) The reaction between element X and oxygen is less reactive than the reaction between
element Y and oxygen.
Explain this using ideas about valence electron.
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7

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[2 marks]
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram to show the apparatus set-up that can be used to determine the
reactivity of the reaction between element X or element Y and oxygen gas..

[2 marks]
(d) 2.3 g of element X reacted completely with oxygen.
The following equation represents the reaction.

[Relative atomic mass: X = 23, O = 16]

(i) Calculate the number of moles of element X.

[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the maximum mass of X2O formed.

[3 marks]]