Service life planning of building

components: the brazilian experience

Vera Fernandes Hachich

Scia gerente

Themes of the lecture

How to establish minimum criteria to SERVICE
LIFE PREDICTION AND ASSESSMENT OF
DURABILITY of building products
The Brazilian Building Performance Standard
Long-term performance evaluation of
technological
innovation the Brazilian
experience

Non conformity X short service life

Early replacement
Failure of pipes

Palace building

PIPES FAILURE OF
WATERTIGHNESS

MANDATORY
replacement
=
costs,
impacts,
loss
4

What are we doing?

PBQP-H
Brazilian
Quality and
Productivity
Program for
Habitat
STANDARDIZED
PRODUCTS AND
BUILDING
SYSTEMS

http://www.cidades.gov.br/pbqp-h/

SiMaC - PBQP-H

Quality Assurance
Programs

INNOVATIVE
PRODUCTS NO
BRAZILIAN
SiNAT - PBQP-H
STANDARDS

Technical
Assessments

104
102

Performance

100
98
96

minimum
acceptable

94

Nonconformity

92
90

Time

average service life

Brazilian Quality Assurance Program of Plumbing Fixture

Comparison of results from 14 products since the beginning of
PSQ
14
13
12
11
10
Marca

9
8
7

standard
K<40

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

40

80

120

160

200

Coeficiente de perda de carga K

2014
2000

Loss of pressure of valves

240

Test qualification main critical properties of

performance criteria

Lab Study
Objective: To assess toilet bowl performance
in different conditions and propose
adequate testing methods;
Field Study
Objective: To assess the behavior of low
volume bowls under real usage conditions:

PSQ Toilets - Low Volume Flush Study 2000 and 2014

Dual Flush

LOCKERS - Simulation of use

Salt spray test

Simulation of use
Handling simulation

PRODUCTS, PERFORMANCE AND

MATERIALS
PRODUCT PERFORMANCE AS A STANDARD COMPLIANCE
SAME PRODUCT, diferent performance:

Site conditions can be differents

Instalallation conditions are differents
low pressure
User Confort vazo mnima necessria para o uso

High pressure
Probability of loss of water

Simulation of use

Resultados de aprovao

Sector Evolution

100%
90%
80%
70%
71%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
29%
10%
0% Comparao:

13%

12%

6%

11%

11%

87%

88%

94%

89%

89%

64%

36%

Referncia

Incio das avaliaes

Reprovados

Aprovados

15

Design service life (VUP)

Estimated period of time for which a system is designed to meet the performance requirements
set out by a standard, considering the requirements of the applicable standards, the stage of
knowledge at the time of the project, and assuming compliance with the periodicity and correct
work of maintenance processes specified in its Manual of use, operation and maintenance.
The design service life (VUP) must not be confused as the actual service life, durability, certified or
legal warranty.
Note: The VUP is a theoretical estimate of service life. The VU may or may not be realized due to
efficiency and maintenance, registration of changes in the work environment, climatic factors etc.
Design service life (VUP)

System VUP minimal (years)

Structure

50*

Internal floors

13

External envelope (vertical)

40

Internal partition walls

20

Roofing

20

Water and sanitation system

20

Cost of maintenance and replacement over the useful life Category

DRYWALL:
Conformity of
components

Components

Drywall

17

DRYWALL performance of the system

FIRE SECURITY - RESISTANCE AND REACTION

18

DRYWALL SECURITY; ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE

70mm

95mm

DESIGN SERVICE LIFE - VUP

= 8 years
approved products according to
Brazilian standards.
MANUFACTURER ASSUMES VUP,
respecting ways of maintenance,
installation and operation

What are we doing?

PBQP-H Brazilian
Quality and
Productivity Program
for Habitat

TECHNICAL EVALUATION
OF INNOVATIVE
PRODUCTS

SINAT National System of Technical Assessments

INNOVATIVE PRODUCT
INNOVATIVE BUILDING SYSTEM
INNOVATIVE BUILDING SUBSYSTEM

THERE ISNT A BRAZILIAN STANDARD

SINAT - DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS
NBR 15575 - Edifcios habitacionais

Establishes minimum performance

requirements of systems for residential

buildings (structure, roof, floor, walls, etc.);

Requirements non dependent of

materials and building system.

SINAT - DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

System with national
coverage;

Technical assessment of
innovative products and
systems;

Reduction of hazards

caused by ignorance of the

real performance and
durability of these products.

Recycled roof tile - Tetrapak ~ 2 years

SINAT - DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

Procedure for evaluating products or systems
TECHNICAL EVALUATION

The innovative product or system must be subjected to technical

evaluation

Conformity assessment in relation to performance standards, Fire

Departments, Buildings codes, international standards and other
requirements defined for the ITA.

Customer

STEPS
ITA
Study and draw up
Guideline SINAT

Appreciation
of Guideline
SINAT by CTSINAT

referendum
about the
Guideline
SINAT by CNSINAT

PUBLISHED
of Guideline
SINAT

Draw up Technical
Evaluation Report
Conducts Audits of
Quality
Prepare the DATEC

Conducts periodic
control (validity of the
Datec)

aps ~2 anos

Appreciation
of DATEC by
CT- SINAT

Concession of
the official
approvall
DATEC by CNSINAT

PUBLISHED
DATEC

SINAT GENERATION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS

MINISTRIO DAS CIDADES - Secretaria Nacional da Habitao
Programa Brasileiro da Qualidade e Produtividade do Habitat (PBQP-H)
Sistema Nacional de Avaliaes Tcnicas (SINAT)

Item
A
A.1
A.2

Diretrizes para Avaliao Tcnica

de Produtos
DIRETRIZ SINAT

A.3

N 004
Sistemas construtivos formados por paredes A.4
estruturais constitudas de painis de PVC
preenchidos com concreto
(Sistemas de paredes com formas de PVC incorporada)

A.5

Braslia, julho 2010

A.6

Tabela 1 - Requisitos para caracterizao dos materiais e componentes que formam os sistemas
construtivos objetos desta Diretriz
Requisitos
Indicador de conformidade
Painis de PVC rgido
Espessura mnima dos
1,7mm
perfis
Cor dos perfis
Conforme especificao de projeto, com () 0,6
Resistncia do PVC aos
raios ultravioleta
2000 horas de exposio em cmara de CUV, com lmpada de UVB
(exposio de placas de
PVC em cmara de CUVUVB)
Mdulo de elasticidade na
Raps envelhecimento 0,70 Rinicial
flexo (antes e aps CUV)
Resistncia ao impacto:
realizar ensaio de impacto
Charpy ou ensaio de
Raps envelhecimento 0,70 Rinicial
impacto na trao (antes e
aps exposio em cmara
de CUV)
As duas faces do corpo de prova devem ser avaliadas:
Aspecto visual aps ensaio
de envelhecimento
Sem bolhas, sem fissuras, ou escamaes, aps exposio de 2000 horas em
acelerado
cmara de CUV, com avaliao a 500h, 1000h, 1500h e 2000h

EXAMPLES OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS

PVC TILES

INNOVATIVE FAADES

LONG TERM PERFORMANCE

Difficulties of durability evaluation

Changing degradation factors geographically
and over time
Difficulties for the choice of factors and their
intensities
Necessity to reduce the number of tests and
testing time
Validation of the relationship between
results and reality

Main steps
Tests qualification main critical properties of long
term performance;
Conduction of exploratory tests and technical

discussions;
Natural Weathering and comparison of types of
degradation mechanisms
Monitoring and tracking performance in real conditions

Structural performance, safety during

handling and operation
Assembly and maintenance load

Weight of the structure and components

WATERTIGHNESS; SECURITY
Requisitos
ESTANQUEIDADE GUA

Exigncia
No ocorrncia de escorrimento, gotejamento de gua ou gotas aderentes

Regies
I
II
III
IV
V

Segurana no uso e na operao POSSIBILIDADE DE CAMINHAMENTO DE

PESSOAS SOBRE O TELHADO

Condies de ensaio
Presso
Vazo de gua
esttica Pa
L / m2 / min
10
20
30
4
40
50

Suportar carga vertical concentrada mnima de 1,2kN nas posies

indicadas em projeto sem apresentar ruptura, fissuras, deslizamentos ou
outras falhas.
Carga de
1,2kN

Solicitao real

Ensaio em
laboratrio

WIND PRESSURE; SECURITY

Requisitos

Exigncia
Resistncia ao do
vento
Clculo das cargas de
vento - NBR 6123:1988 Foras devidas ao vento
em edificaes

DESEMPENHO
ESTRUTURAL

Ao de granizo e outras
cargas acidentais em
telhados

No ocorrncia de remoo ou danos no telhado sujeitos a esforos de

suco.
Deformao mxima admissvel residual L/250
Deformao mxima admissvel instantnea 2 x L/250
Presso de ensaio (Pa)

Regio
do Brasil

Altura do solo: 5m

Altura do solo: 15m

500

850

II

750

1100

III

950

1500

IV

1200

1900

1500

2300

No ocorrncias de ruptura ou traspassamento 1J

Esfera: 65g
Dimetro 25mm
Aplicar um impacto na posio
mais desfavorvel por meio de
esfera de ao abandonada em
queda livre (1,5m).
Energia de impacto: 1J

Action of heat and thermal shock

10 cycles of heat and

cooling with water spray

PVC TILES

FIRE PROTECTION
Proposed text: revision of the standard NBR 15575:
The outer surface of the covering system should provide flame propagation coefficient 75.
For kitchen environment, flame propagation coefficient should be 25.
For joints forming materials, when installed, the assessment of outer surface could be:
European method of roof for outer
surface in real conditions 15:
ENV 1187 - Test methods for
external fire exposure to roofs

PVC TILES FIELD

EXPERIENCE

EXPOSITION OF PROTOTYPES ROOFS

SELECTED LOCATIONS
Piracicaba Weather Station - ESALQ/USP
Teresina
Palmas
Macei Building at seaside (strong wind action)

Teresina
Palmas
Macei
Piracic
aba

PVC TILES

ESALQ
PALMAS: replacement of metal
tiles for PVC tiles

structures manufacture

Natural Weathering stations

Rio Grande

Unplasticized PVC window frames

accelerated weathering of PVC specimens X natural
weathering
Rate of strength decrease
MBC10 - Reduo relativa de
resistncia
Exposio natural
y = -0,1385x + 0,9217
2
R = 0,8956

1,0

RI(t)/RI(0)

RI(t)/RI(0)

1,5

MBC10 - Reduo relativa de

resistncia
Exposio acelerada
1,5

0,5

y = -0,0002x + 0,9827
R2 = 0,8653

1,0
0,5
0,0

0,0
0

Tempo (anos)

1000

2000

3000

Tempo (h)

In the examples above:

DR/Ro = 13,85% / year

20/4/2005

DR/Ro = 20% / 1000 h

Vera Fernandes-Hachich and Vahan

Agopyan

41

Maximum fee of impact resistance decrease:

criteria

Distribuio de taxas de decrscimo de

resistncia - Exposio natural

3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
2%

30,0%

6%

10%

14%

Mais

25,0%

Probabilidade

20,0%

Prob. de rejeitar
composto
adequado
Prob. de aceitar
composto
inadequado

15,0%

10,0%

5,0%

0,0%
4%

6%

8%

10%

Valor limite da taxa de

decrscimo de resistncia

12%

Reducing the
consumer risk, i.e, the
risk of accept an
inapropriated
formulation (consumer
risk = 1,9%), without
excessively increasing
the risk of the producer
(2,2%), ie, a good
formulation be
rejected, one arrives at
a rate of strenght
decrease of
7% per year

Accelerated weathering

1000 hours are enough?

1,5
1,0
0,5
0,0

MBC10 - Relative strenght

decrease
- accelerated weathering
1,5

RI(t)/RI(0)

RI(t)/RI(0)

MBC10 - Relative strenght

decrease - accelerated
weathering

1,0
0,5
0,0

2000 h

1000 2000
Time (hs)

3000

1000 h

1000 2000
Time (hs)

3000

1000 hours vs. 2000 hours

30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%

Rate of strenght decrease DRI/RI(0),

of different formulations
(acceletated test until 1000 h)

R = 0,7803

0%

5%

10%

15%

Natural (%/year)
MBC10

ABC10

CPP10

CPC10

ACC10

ACB10

Linear ()

ACCELERATED (1000X%h)

ACCELERATED (1000 x %/h)

Rate of strenght resistance, DRI/RI(0),

of different formulations
(acceletated test until 2000 h)

35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%

R = 0,3125
0%

5%
10%
Natural (%/year)

15%

MBC10

ABC10

CPP10

CPC10

ACC10

ACB10

Linear ()

ACCEPTABLE?

2000 h r2=0,78
SATISFACTORY

1000 h r2=0,31
INSATISFACTORY

Criteria

DR/Ro < 0,015% / h on QUV

Accelerated:
15% / 1000 h
0,015% / h
Measures at
0, 500, 1000
e 2000 h

Accelerated (1000 x %/h)

Rate of strenght decrease

DRI/RI(0), of several formulations
(accelerated weathering test until 2000 h)
30%
25%
20%
15%

R2 = 0,7803

10%
5%
0%
0%

5%

10%

Natural (%/year)

Natural: 7% per year

15%

MBC10
ABC10
CPP10
CPC10
ACC10
ACB10
Linear

Technical experiments
Degradation of PE reservoirs exposed to the weather

- natural exposure = 10 years

- accelerated exposure = 18000h WOM.

46

Technical experiments
Reservoirs's deformation
Laboratory tests:
Field Study:

- Short duration test (72h);

- Exposure of reservoirs by 130

days to weather (in SP);

- Test chamber: 50C;

-Determination of reservoirss
deformation

47

- Detect the possible deformations and loss of watertight;

- Distinguish products that present different deformations
behavior.

Lifetime of Plastic Pipes

Lifetime =

material
environment
load

Environmental Factor Chlorine

Testing Techniques
Hydrostatic Pressure Testing
Notch Pipe Testing (SCG-test)
Rapid Crack Propagation Testing

(Up to 250 mm)

Circulation Loop Testing Water

Circulation Loop Testing Chlorinated water

Float valve

N2
N2

Float
Time registrationH2O

PIPE

Bath
or
oven
at
0160C

Evaluating the Results

Development of PE Pipe Materials

[MPa]

1st Generation

20C
60C
80C

[h]

2nd Generation

[MPa]
20C

60C

Discovery of low pressure

polymerization by Dr. Karl Ziegler
Mid 1950s, First generation

80C

1980s, Second generation

[h]

PE 50 and PE 63
Unimodal PE 80

STRESS REGRESSION LINE (PE)

Transition of failure mechanism

STRESS REGRESSION LINE (PE)

STRESS REGRESSION LINE PVC PIPES

EUA (HDB) = 100.000 h = 11,4 anos

Europa (MRS) = 50 anos = 438.000 h

HDB = Hydrostatic Design Basis

MRS = Minimum Required Strenght

STRESS REGRESSION LINE(PP)

PRESSURE

LAB FAILURES AND NOT

FAILURE TIME

.NOT FIELD FAILURES!

THANK YOU,
FOR YOUR ATTENTION!