Readings Globalization and the Nation-State (Ravenhill 235-262)

24. According to the authors evaluation of the empirical data, what is the relationship
between globalization and the nation-state?
The relationship between globalization & the nation state is that there is no empirical
evidence that globalization is causing retrenchment in the nation-state (he pretty
much repeatedly states that theres not enough evidence to state globalization is
causing the fall of the nation state)
25. What are convergence and dual convergence?
Convergence theory assumes that societies have certain requirements that
must be met if they are to survive and operate effectively. Convergence theory
states that as societies become increasingly industrialized, they begin to
resemble other industrialized societies. That is, they converge towards other
forms of social organization.
Dual Convergence generates common pressures, which are refracted
institutionally to produce dual convergence.
26. What is the difference between the globalization of politics, and the politics of
globalization?

Politics of Globalization: the political drivers of the process of globalization

Globalization of politics: the displacement of political responsibilities and capacities
from the level of the nation state through the emergence of institutions and processes of
global governance. Globalization has a politics whether or not politics has become
globalized

27. What are the major empirical challenges to the hyperglobalization thesis discussed by
Hay?
1. Capital has a history of resisting social and economic reforms which it has come to
actively rely upon and actively defend
2. Markets for goods or services are NOT fully integrated/do not clear instantly
3. Foreign Direct Investors acquire sunk costs on investments such as
machinery/physical infrastructure (cant get this money back)
4. Fails to appreciate that Foreign Direct Investors in capital intensive sectors of the
international economy are attracted to some locations (like Northern European
economies) not for the flexibility of labour markets or cheapness of wage costs, but
for access to a highly skilled/reliable labour force
Globalization and Civil Society (Ravenhill 344-369)
28. According to the author, what are some of the major characteristics of global civilsociety?
free association of a group of individuals in pursuit of a common aim, membership is
voluntary, its a sphere distinct from the state
29. According to the author, what are the major criticisms leveled against global economic
institutions by civil society actors?
a rejection of the intergovernmental character of the institutions

GEIs increased their power and influence so theyre not subject to direct state
control
GEIs arent accountable because their decision-making structure are undemocratic
30. According to the author, what are the key definitional criteria for civil society, and what
are the characteristics of the members of civil society that he discusses?
Members of civil society are organizations, activism, social movements and actors
31. What are the key roles played by civil society, according to Williams?
material provisions,mobilization,advocacy, legitimation and coordination
32. What are the primary institutions that civil society coalitions campaigns to change the
practices of?
- International Institutions, States, Corporations
Kay 2005
33. What are the major features of Kays model of labor internationalism?
Institutions that are trans national helped give labor to
Nafta system of rules for trade, also rules for labor. Trans national rules was above nation state
rules.
Sovergn states losing power?
Helped give labor and standards.
Labor- inter: More coordination and ______ between countries because of labor reasons not
economic reasons?
Span multiple countries, cross border

34. What are the major institutions analyzed in Kays article?

Unions, NAALC, NAFTA
35. What is the overall effect of the major institutions on labor internationalism, according
to by Kay?
major institutions enable labor internationalism to flourish; workers come together
with same goals
Give the workers legal space to operate in. Adds legitimacy to their grievances. Sets
common-ground on which to build common transnational interests.
Labelling the 'major institutions' in this sections as NAFTA and the NAALC, the overall
effect "suggests that global governance institutions that grant legitimacy and provide
mechanisms for expressing and redressing grievances when rules are violated, are
critical to the development of transnational social movements.
Globalization and the Environment (Ravenhill 370-393)
36. What is the environmental Kuznets curve?
The environmental Kuznets curve is a hypothesized relationship between various
indicators of environmental degradation and income per capita.
It states that a developing country globalizes up to a high point, which includes
environmental degradation, then goes back down after that country is developed due to
citizens wanting environmental standards and everything.
In addition: it is a bell curve. It increases as production industrializes then falls back
down after they have developed. Keep in mind that this curve does not correlate with the
Co2 emissions chart, which discredits the Kuznets curve.
37. Where did the notion of environmentalism originate?
stockholm conference

Rich countries noticed the rising of global environmental problems by the 1970s.
Afterwards, the north was very environmentally aware leading to a series of meetings to
figure out what to do about it. A number of international institutions have been formed
due to the rising of these problems.
38. By when did governments begin to recognize the need to cooperate to address global
environmental problems, and what/when was the first major meeting at which strategies
were discussed?
late 1960s

39. What are the mechanisms by which optimists believe that trade globalization and TNCs
can help the environment?
-poverty alleviation, better education, population controls, and a stronger capacity of
states and global institutions to implement sustainable development
-technology innovation and less harmful forms of production
-corporate investment that exports environmentalism by transferring funds
-opportunities to use creative policies and incentives
40. What are the mechanisms by which pessimists believe that trade globalization and
TNCs can harm the environment?
-burden the south with unequal environmental costs

-allows corporations to pluder the globes fragile ecosystem

- generate consumer prices that ignore environmental and social costs of production
-drive overconsumption in the north and unbalance consumption in the south