@lakeschool

Slide 1

Slide 2

Keys to Critical thinking

D description what when where
who
A analysis

how why what if

E evaluation

So what, what next

Slide 3

Hindrances
Basic human limitations
Use of language
Faulty logic
Psychological and social
pitfalls

enqui

@lakeschool

Slide 4
False implications

Slide 5
Emotive content

Slide 6

Doublespeak and euphamism

The dairy industry cleverly

expresses fat content as a
percentage of weight, not of
calories. Thus 2% low fat
milk really has 31% fat when
fat is measured as a
percentage of calories.

Emotive Content
Naming detergents Joy and
Cheer (positive), not
Dreary and Tedious
(negative). The military
using the phrase
neutralizing the opposition
(less negative) rather than
killing (negative)
A fun warmer might be
choose an inappropriate
name for a product

The use of inoffensive words

or expressions to mislead,
disarm, or deceive us about
unpleasant realities.
Compare it to newspaper
Arctic Blast! Instead of
slightly chilly wind
Referring to a policy of mass
murder as ethnic cleansing
or the inadvertent killing of
innocent people as collateral
damage.

enqui

@lakeschool

Slide 7
Forer effect

Slide 8
Positive outcome bias

Slide 9
Fallacy of false dilemma
Either or fallacy

Astrology readings, intended

for people of a specific sign,
can be applicable to most
individuals. This effect
usually works in conjunction
with Self-Deception and
Wishful Thinking.

The tendency for researchers

and journalists to publish
research with positive
outcomes between two or
more variables, while not
publishing research that
shows no effects at all.

Intentionally restricting the

number of alternatives,
thereby omitting relevant
alternatives from
consideration.
You are either with us, or
with the terrorists!

enqui

@lakeschool

Slide 10
Slippery slope fallacy

An argument that assumes

an adverse chain of events
will occur, but offers no proof
Because regulators have
controlled smoking in public
places, their ultimate goal is
to control everything else in
our lives.

Slide 11

Ad populum, Bandwagon
fallacy

Slide 12
Communal Reinforcement

An appeal to the popularity of

the claim as a reason for
accepting the claim

The process by which a claim,

independent of its validity,
becomes a strong belief
through repeated assertion
by members of a community.

The communally reinforced

yet mistaken belief that one
can get rid of cancer simply
by visualization and humour
alone.

enqui

@lakeschool

Slide 13
Poisoning the well

Slide 14

Fabulous activities

Slide 15

Warmer

Creating a prejudicial
atmosphere against the
opposition, making it difficult
for the opponent to be
received fairly.

Guardian advert
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=_SsccRkLLzU

enqui

@lakeschool

Slide 16

Discussion

Talk about newspapers. What

does your newspaper say
about you ? ( your political
bias, your education , your
class? )
Debates . Prepare an
editorial piece for two
papers at either end of the
spectrum. Prepare what to
say regardless of personal
opinion .support one side,
predict argument the other
side will put forward.

Slide 17

Writing task

1 horror story
2 estate agent
3 childhood memories
Different vocabulary and
different very different focus
in each.

Slide 18

Reading

Two newspaper reports with

different bias/ only half the
information. Half the class
read one, other half read the
other. Draw a conclusion.
Discuss / read the other half.
Have opinions changed ?

enqui

@lakeschool

Slide 19

Speaking

Guardian Three little pigs

https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=vDGrfhJH1P4

Slide 20

Listening

https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=pCbHyATBxf0

Slide 21

Quiz

1. All of them.
2. No. Hes dead.
3. Meat
4. Varies - The age of the
student answering.
5. 1. after that your stomach
is not empty
6. Your great grandmother

enqui

@lakeschool

enqui